(June 2008 TO December 2008)

ON SIX MONTHS INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

AT

Tulip Telecom Limited

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology [B.TECH]

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mr. Parikshit Pravesh

(HOD Computer Deptt.) CSE – 7th Semester

510031259

PUNJAB COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

[Affiliated to Punjab Technical University]

“VPN

TECHNOLOGY”

An Integral Part

Of Networking

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the dissertation/project report (Course code) entitled

“VPN TECHNOLOGY-An Integral Part Of Networking” done by Mr.

PRAVESH Enrollment No. 510031259 is an authentic work carried out by him at

“TULIP TELECOM LTD”, under my guidance. The matter embodied in this

project work has not been submitted earlier for the award of any degree or diploma

to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Date: Signature of

the Guide

For Tulip

Telecom Ltd.

Self Certificate

This is to certify that dissertation/project report entitled “VPN TECHNOLOGY-

An Integral Part Of Networking” done by me is an authentic work carried out for

the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

B.TECH[CSE] under the guidance of Mr. .ANURAG SOOD & Mr.

DARSHAN PATHAK.

The matter embodied in this project work has not been submitted earlier for award

of any degree or diploma to the best of my knowledge and belief.

PRAVESH

510031259

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This Industrial Training project is not the result of only my hard work but

there are so many peoples are involved in this project. I greatly and heartily thanks

to all of them for their contribution in this project. Special thanks to my talented and

polite guides Mr. Anurag Sood, Mr. Darshan Pathak & Mr. Bhanu Sharma without

them the my training would not be successful. They worked on this project as

developmental editor and advisor and offered their help generously when needed in

every aspect of my training. Thanks for their technical help for scrutinizing every

problem I faced during this tenure of training. To the guide colleges who has done

more than I can guess to keep this project in order and on schedule. I wish them

luck with their lives, and hope we will meet soon in a future project.

Finally, this project is completed with the Bless of Almighty God and my Parents

affections and my faith in God.

PREFACE

This work has been done as a part of industrial training. This Purpose of industrial

training is to familiarize the students with the present working environment in

country and outside

To provide the students with the opportunity to study the latest technical trends

those have been established as well as one that what they are learning during the

period of industrial training will certainly help them to develop their potential and

technical skills.

As part of our industrial training we undertook a project in WAN

CONNECTIVITY THROUGH VPN, Chandigarh. During our stay here we learnt

how an actual project progress and what sort of problems that actually occur

throughout the project.

At last with all my sincere gratitude we would like to thank my friends

and project guide for their efforts to help in development of project.

Introduction and Background

About TULIP TELECOM Ltd.

Tulip Telecom Ltd is an INDIA based data communication services

provider company. Tulip’s product port folio includes network integration,

which not only includes designing and developing networks for its clients but

also managing them.

Besides this Tulip is also engaged in wireless connectivity which provides a

range of point to point and point to multi-point wireless applications. Tulip’s

network covers more than 1,000 cities and towns, has over 50,000 links for

approximately more than 600 customers that include organizations across

all verticals such as BFSI, telecom, logistics, retail, the government and

manufacturing.

What adds to the company’s credibility is the quality of the network it has

been successful in providing to the interiors of many states. Tulip’s worth

mentioning Akshaya project in Malappuram district of Kerala is based on

last mile connectivity model which provides an area wide data connectivity

network with an always-on internet model that runs on fiber and reaches

connectivity to the last mile on wireless in much less cost and time.

According to a Frost and Sullivan report, Tulip Telecom is the largest

MPLS VPN service provider with a market share of 28%.

Tulip was also short-listed as one of the 6 finalists in the Asia Innovation

Awards by the Wall Street Journal at GES Singapore for its innovative use

of wireless on the Last Mile

Tulip Connect

We provide both inter-city as well as intra-city connectivity based upon the clients’

requirements.

Tulip inter-city network is based on optical fiber cable provided by multiple service

providers. The network is created in mesh architecture so that if any link does fail,

there are multiple alternate routes available. Consequently, Tulip network has an

inbuilt redundancy and provides the highest levels of uptime. In addition, Tulip has

expanded its network reach to more than 300 cities in India and thus we can provide

you connectivity anywhere in India.

The last mile connectivity is entirely based on wireless, using radio frequency

technology in Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint applications. Licensed

frequencies are in major cities to overcome the interference issues.

Highest levels of uptime with built-in redundancies

One of the largest networks in the country

Bandwidth on demand, upgrade in minutes

Managed MPLS enabled network

Immediate connectivity and co-location services

World class design, converged voice, data, video network

Single point for bandwidth and network equipment

Prestigious Clients

Our list of clients includes prestigious companies like the largest banks, service providers, media

companies, government enterprises, call centers / BPO's and corporates.

 

Rural Connectivity

Tulip IT Services was selected as the service provider for Malappuram after

they came up with a cost-effective and terrain-friendly last-mile solutions for

the Akshaya Internet community centres housed there.

All the options for connectivity, like fiber, cable and leased line, were

explored by the state. Given the undulating hilly and highly vegetated terrain

of the place, wireless emerged as the most feasible option in terms of cost

and logistics in the deployment of the network.

Malappuram now has a well-considered hybrid connectivity infrastructure,

through a mix of wireless technologies like WipLL, Vine and 802.11.b WiFi

with multiple redundancies. The backbone redundancy was provided

through fiber.

The 550 Akshaya e-centres are connected in a LAN environment, which, in

turn, are connected to a Network Operating Centre (NOC). The NOC have

direct connectivity with the Internet backbone. The NOC infrastructure would

ensure browsing at no cost to users in the network. This would mean that

the entire district is converted into "a small wired office" seamlessly inter-

connected with linkages to three world-class purveyors of the technology.

Each Akshaya centre now caters to the needs of 1,000-1,500 households,

enabling each to benefit from the advantages of Internet connectivity. The

Malappuram experiment is only a pilot, to be replicated in phases over the

entire State. As the locations of these centres are strategically planned and

spatially distributed, they will form a powerful network to guide and support

the e-governance initiatives, community development interventions, e-

commerce and information dissemination. The connectivity infrastructure

which is established through the Akshaya project, i.e., network and

backbone, network centre, software, Internet access and management, can

also be used to connect, apart from Akshaya centres, all panchayat offices,

village offices and departmental offices spread across the district.

GENERAL BUSINESS PERCENATAGE

Abstract

VPN stands for “VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK”.

“VPN SYSTEM” as the name says is :

1) Network: topology where various hosts are physically connected to

each other.

2) Virtual: it ia virtual because hosts are not physically connected but,

connected virtually using WIRELESS Systems.

3) Private: it is private because all the clients feels as the whole network

is configured privately only for their usage which is actually not true.

Hence VPN system is combination of all the above three aspects of

networking.

This VPN application is a complete solution for Clients specially using

distributive system environment where the Client keeps track of details

regarding his / her remote location sites/offices to the Head-office site.

This application can be used in two ways:

1) Point-to-Point: where there is direct link b/w two sites of client the

service provider has no interference in this type of connectivity.

2) Multi-Point: where there is connectivity of many clients from a

particular location all sharing some allotted bandwidth.

Using VPN connectivity Client can access directly to all remote location

same as they would have accessed it while physically present there.

INTRODUCTION TO VPN

The World has changed a lot in the last couple of decades. Instead of

simply dealing with local or regional concerns, many businesses now

have to think about global markets and logistics. Many companies

have facilities spread out across the country or around the world, and

there is one thing that all of them need: A way to maintain fast, secure

and reliable communication wherever their offices are.

Virtual Private Network

Image courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.

A typical VPN might have a main LAN at the corporate headquarters of

a company, other LANs at remote offices or facilities and individual

users connecting from out in the field.

Until fairly recently, this has meant the use of leased lines to maintain a

Wide Area Network (WAN). Leased lines, ranging from ISDN (Integrated

Services Digital Network, 128 Kbps) to OC3 (Optical Carrier-3, 155 Mbps)

fiber, provided a company with a way to expand its private network beyond

its immediate geographic area. A WAN had obvious advantages over a

public network like the Internet when it came to reliability, performance and

security. But maintaining a WAN, particularly when using leased lines, can

become quite expensive and often rises in cost as the distance between the

offices increases.

As the popularity of the Internet grew, businesses turned to it as a means of

extending their own networks. First came Intranets, which are password-

protected sites designed for use only by company employees. Now, many

companies are creating their own VPN (virtual private network) to

accommodate the needs of remote employees and distant offices.

Basically, a VPN is a private network that uses a public network (usually the

Internet) to connect remote sites or users together. Instead of using a

dedicated, real-world connection such as leased line, a VPN uses "virtual"

connections routed through the Internet from the company's private network

to the remote site or employee. In this article, you will gain a fundamental

understanding of VPNs, and learn about basic VPN components,

technologies, tunneling and security.

WHAT MAKES A VPN ?

A well-designed VPN can greatly benefit a company. For example, it can:

Extend geographic connectivity

Improve security

Reduce operational costs versus traditional WAN

Reduce transit time and transportation costs for remote users

Improve productivity

Simplify network topology

Provide global networking opportunities

Provide telecommuter support

Provide broadband networking compatibility

Provide faster ROI (return on investment) than traditional WAN

What features are needed in a well-designed VPN? It should incorporate:

Security

Reliability

Scalability

Network management

Policy management

TYPES OF VPN

Examples of the three types of VPN

There are in general two types of VPN:

1) Remote Access VPN

2) Site-to-Site VPN

SITE-TO-SITE VPN is further classified as:

1) INTERNET VPN

2) INTRANET VPN

Remote-Access VPN.

Remote-access, also called a virtual private dial-up network (VPDN), is

a user-to-LAN connection used by a company that has employees who

need to connect to the private network from various remote locations.

Typically, a corporation that wishes to set up a large remote-access VPN

will outsource to an Enterprise Service Provider (ESP). The ESP sets up

a Network Access Server (NAS) and provides the remote users with

desktop client software for their computers. The telecommuters can then

dial a toll-free number to reach the NAS and use their VPN client software to

access the corporate network.

Site-to-Site VPN

Through the use of dedicated equipment and large-scale encryption, a

company can connect multiple fixed sites over a public network such as the

Internet. Site-to-site VPNs can be one of two types:

Intranet-based - If a company has one or more remote locations

that they wish to join in a single private network, they can create

an intranet VPN to connect LAN to LAN.

Extranet-based - When a company has a close relationship with

another company (for example, a partner, supplier or customer),

they can build an extranet VPN that connects LAN to LAN, and

that allows all of the various companies to work in a shared

environment.

VPN SECURITY

As we know that security is very important for any system in such way VPN

system is also uses many security techniques. A well-designed VPN uses

several methods for keeping your connection and data secure:

Firewalls

Encryption

IPSec

AAA Server

FIREWALLS

A Firewall provides a strong barrier between your private network and the

Internet. You can set firewalls to restrict the number of open ports, what

type of packets are passed through and which protocols are allowed

through. Some VPN products, such as CISCO 1700 series router, can be

upgraded to include firewall capabilities by running the appropriate Cisco

IOS on them. You should already have a good firewall in place before you

implement a VPN, but a firewall can also be used to terminate the VPN

sessions

ENCRYPTION

Encryption is the process of taking all the data that one computer is sending

to another and encoding it into a form that only the other computer will be

able to decode. Most Computer encryption techniques belong to one of two

categories:

Symmetric-key encryption

Public-key encryption

In symmetric-key encryption, each computer has a secret key (code) that

it can use to encrypt a packet of information before it is sent over the

network to another computer. Symmetric-key requires that you know which

computers will be talking to each other so you can install the key on each

one. Symmetric-key encryption is essentially the same as a secret code that

each of the two computers must know in order to decode the information.

The code provides the key to decoding the message. Think of it like this:

You create a coded message to send to a friend in which each letter is

substituted with the letter that is two down from it in the alphabet. So "A"

becomes "C," and "B" becomes "D". You have already told a trusted friend

that the code is "Shift by 2". Your friend gets the message and decodes it.

Anyone else who sees the message will see only nonsense.

Public-key encryption uses a combination of a private key and a public

key. The private key is known only to your computer, while the public key is

given by your computer to any computer that wants to communicate

securely with it. To decode an encrypted message, a computer must use

the public key, provided by the originating computer, and its own private

key. A very popular public-key encryption utility is called Pretty Good

Privacy (PGP), which allows you to encrypt almost anything. You can find

out more about PGP at thr PGP site.

IPSec

Internet Protocol Security Protocol (IPSec) provides enhanced security

features such as better encryption algorithms and more comprehensive

authentication.

Photo courtesy Cisco Systems, Inc.

A remote-access VPN utilizing IPSec

IPSec has two encryption modes: tunnel and transport. Tunnel encrypts

the header and the payload of each packet while transport only encrypts the

payload. Only systems that are IPSec compliant can take advantage of this

protocol. Also, all devices must use a common key and the firewalls of each

network must have very similar security policies set up. IPSec can encrypt

data between various devices, such as:

Router to router

Firewall to router

PC to router

PC to server

AAA Servers

AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting) servers are used for

more secure access in a remote-access VPN environment. When a request

to establish a session comes in from a dial-up client, the request is proxied

to the AAA server. AAA then checks the following:

Who you are (authentication)

What you are allowed to do (authorization)

What you actually do (accounting)

The accounting information is especially useful for tracking client use for

security auditing, billing or reporting purposes.

CONCEPT OF TUNNELING

Most VPNs rely on tunneling to create a private network that reaches

across the Internet. Essentially, tunneling is the process of placing an entire

packet within another packet and sending it over a network. The protocol of

the outer packet is understood by the network and both points, called

tunnel interfaces, where the packet enters and exits the network.

Tunneling requires three different protocols:

Carrier protocol - The protocol used by the network that the

information is travelling over

Encapsulating protocol - The protocol (GRE, IPSec, L2F,

PPTP, L2TP) that is wrapped around the original data

Passenger protocol - The original data (IPX, NetBeui, IP) being

carried

Tunneling has amazing implications for VPNs. For example, you can place

a packet that uses a protocol not supported on the Internet (such as

NetBeui) inside an IP packet and send it safely over the Internet. Or you

could put a packet that uses a private (non-routable) IP address inside a

packet that uses a globally unique IP address to extend a private network

over the Internet.

A Tunneling Demonstration

Site-to-Site Tunneling

In a site-to-site VPN, GRE (generic routing encapsulation) is normally the

encapsulating protocol that provides the framework for how to package the

passenger protocol for transport over the carrier protocol, which is typically

IP-based. This includes information on what type of packet you are

encapsulating and information about the connection between the client and

server. Instead of GRE, IPSec in tunnel mode is sometimes used as the

encapsulating protocol. IPSec works well on both remote-access and site-

to-site VPNs. IPSec must be supported at both tunnel interfaces to use

Remote-Access Tunneling

In a remote-access VPN, tunneling normally takes place using PPP. Part of

the TCP/IP stack, PPP is the carrier for other IP protocols when

communicating over the network between the host computer and a remote

system. Remote-access VPN tunneling relies on PPP.

Each of the protocols listed below were built using the basic structure of

PPP and are used by remote-access VPNs.

L2F (Layer 2 Forwarding) - Developed by Cisco, L2F will use any

authentication scheme supported by PPP.

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - PPTP was created by

the PPTP Forum, a consortium which includes US Robotics,

Microsoft, 3COM, Ascend and ECI Telematics. PPTP supports

40-bit and 128-bit encryption and will use any authentication

scheme supported by PPP.

L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) - L2TP is the product of a

partnership between the members of the PPTP Forum, Cisco

and the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Combining

features of both PPTP and L2F, L2TP also fully supports IPSec.

L2TP can be used as a tunneling protocol for site-to-site VPNs

as well as remote-access VPNs. In fact, L2TP can create a

tunnel between:

Client and router

NAS and router

Router and router

The truck is the carrier protocol, the box is the

encapsulating protocol and the computer is the

passenger protocol.

Think of tunneling as having a computer delivered to you by UPS. The

vendor packs the computer (passenger protocol) into a box (encapsulating

protocol) which is then put on a UPS truck (carrier protocol) at the vendor's

warehouse (entry tunnel interface). The truck (carrier protocol) travels over

the highways (Internet) to your home (exit tunnel interface) and delivers the

computer. You open the box (encapsulating protocol) and remove the

computer (passenger protocol). Tunneling is just that simple!

DELHI INTER POP CONNECTIVITY

LIFE CYCLE OF VPN CONNECTIVITY

1. CUSTOMER REQUIRMENT.

2. SURVEY

3. ANALYSIS BY PROJECT TEAM

4. LINK INSTALLATION BY ENGG.

5. TUNNEL CREATION BY NOC (NETWORK OPERATION CONTROL)

6. LOAD TESTING & CUSTOMER ACCEPTANCE

Customer Requirement

Every system has a life cycle so as that VPN too have a life cycle the life cycle of any VPN begins with customer requirement face. Generally the requirement of the customer is of two types

a) If a company has one or more remote locations that they wish to join in a

single private network, they can create an intranet VPN to connect LAN to

LAN

b) When a company has a close relationship with another company (for

example, a partner, supplier or customer), they can build an extranet VPN

that connects LAN to LAN, and that allows all of the various companies to

work in a shared environment.

Depending on the requirement tulip send its sales person for further queries.

Like that of the bandwidth required, what kind of data transfer will it be

voice or simple file transfer, or he wants to run a application like SAP or

other. Sales officer tells the approximations of the link installation. And he

forwards a report to the back office for the survey report. Then afterwards

the project manager decides the team size to implement the different links .

After this team is decided which includes engineers and riggers .

CASE STUDIES

OF WORK

PERFORMED IN

INDUSTRIAL

TRAINING AT

TULIP TELECOM

LIMITED.

SUBMITTED BY: PRAVESH

CASE STUDIES

The following is the CASE STUDIES of the various work performed in

the period of Industrial Training (w.e.f 08 ) at TULIP TELECOM

LIMITED.

The followed is the details of all the work performed at both client as

well as Tulip Side.

The work at TULIP is of following types :

1) New Installation.

2) Trouble-Shooting the installed Link at Client Side.

3) Inspection of the CPE (Client Premises Equipments).

4) VOIP PHONES

5) VIDEO CONFRENSING

New Installation :

New installation includes installing all the equipments i.e

1) Subscriber Premises Radio (SPR) / Modem.

2) Router (CISCO or HUEWII mainly)

3) Power Over Ethernet (PoE)

4) Antenna and Feeder(2.7MHz or 5.3 MHz)

TROUBLE-SHOOTING :

Trouble-shooting includes the checking of the system and diagnosing

the reasons for the fault which causes the malfunctioning the link at

client side.

There can be many reasons of malfunctioning of the link at client side.

Some of them is specified below:

1) Wireless connectivity affected due to bad alignment of the

antenna because the Wireless System work on Radio Frequency

(RF) which uses LINE -OF-SIGHT for connectivity.

2) There can be seepage of water in Pictal which causes carbon

deposition on the pin of cable hence disconnecting the link.

3) Frequency Interference.

4) Conflicting IP.

5) Cable Breakage and Hanging of Equipments due to Bad

Environmental Condition.

INSPECTION OF CPE :

Inspection includes checking the Client Side Equipments (CPE)

regularly for their better working of Link.

Following is the work done while performing inspection at client site :

1) The inspection procedure includes checking the earthing voltage

at client premises.

2) Checking the condition of equipments whether the are well

maintained or not.

3) Checking the bandwidth given to the client and IP Schema of the

client.

4) Checking whether the physical topology of the equipments is as

per the Network Diagram i.e. First Modem, than Router, than to

switch and finally towards the LAN.

FIREPRO WIRELESS MODEMS

Firepro is an emerging leader of Point-to-Multipoint (PtMP) Fixed

Firepro deliver Point-to-Multipoint and point-to-point solutions for both licensed and unlicensed spectrums. We also

provide breakthrough in self-install, scalability, Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) coverage, State of the art QoS, Video, VoIP

and various other applications.....

Multiple Configuration Options

Supports Multiple Applications

Modular Design

Dual Band Radio

WINBOX : SOFTWARE REQUIRED FOR CONFIGURATION OF FIREPRO

MODEM

CONFIGURATION:

THIS IMAGE SHOWS ALL THE CONFIGURATION OF THE MODEM

BANDWIDTH

THIS IMAGE REPRESENTS THE BANDWIDTH OF THE MODEM

Link installation

Based on the survey report recommendation link installation phase begins

in following steps

1. Type of modem to be used.

2. Antenna required

Installation of Airspan Modem

BSR

The BSR, installed at the Base Station, is an encased outdoor radio module providing a 9 pin D-type port for

RS-232 serial interface and a 15 pin D-type port for data, synchronization, and power interfaces. The BSR is available in two models: BSR with an integral antenna (BSR 900 MHz TDD V-pol); BSR with two N-type ports(displayed below) for attaching up to two external antennas (BSR 900 MHz TDD Dual Ext).

SPR

The SPR is an encased CPE outdoor radio module providing access to a 15 pin D-

type port for Ethernet, serial, and power interfaces. The SPR model is available in

two models: SPR with an integral antenna (SPRL

900MHz TDD V-pol) and SPR with an N-type port for attaching an external antenna

(SPR 900MHz TDD Ext).

Site preparation and planning

When preparing and planning the site, ensure the following:

1. Minimum obstructions (e.g. buildings) in the radio path between the Base

Station radio (i.e. BSR) and the

subscriber radios (i.e. SPR/IDR).

2. Minimum incursions on Fresnel Zone (recommended minimum of 60%

clearance of first Fresnel Zone).

-Minimum multipath fading: Some of the transmitted signals may be

reflected from a nearby building, by

water under the signal path, or from any other reflectors. This reflected

("bounced") signal can then be

received by the radio receiving the signal and superimposed on the main

received signal, thereby,

degrading the signal strength. Airspan recommends installing the outdoor

radios at the rear of the

building’s roof instead of the front. When you install at the rear, the front of

the building blocks incoming

signals from multipath reflections.

- Clean frequencies selected from Spectrum Analyzer results (see Chapters

9 and 13).

- Maximum received signal strength (RSS) at CPE by antenna alignment:

For the IDR, RSS can be

measured by the IDR's built-in RSS LEDs; for the SPR, RSS can be

measured by Airspan’s WipConfig

program or by connecting Airspan's RSS LED Plug Adapter.

- Radios are mounted as far as possible from sources of interference that

could degrade performance of

radio. Ensure a minimum of 1-meter separation between co-located outdoor

units.

Radios mounted as high as possible to avoid obstructions and to increase

link quality.

-BSR and SPR/IDR are within maximum range of reception.

-Maximum length of 100 meters CAT-5 cable connecting outdoor radio units

to indoor terminating units.

- Sufficient wiring conduit and cable ties to channel and protect the CAT 5

cable connecting the outdoor

radio to the indoor hub/switch.

- Required power source is available at the site.

External antenna consideration

In some scenarios, where capacity demand is relatively low, external omni-

directional antenna use at the Base

Station may seem attractive. However, it is recommended to avoid using

omni-directional antennas (ifpossible), due to the following disadvantages

that these antennas pose compared to directional antennas:

- Higher sensitivity to external interferences.

- Higher sensitivity to multipath, resulting in the following:

- The root mean square (RMS) delay spread at the Base Station is

substantially higher.

-Multipath interference at the CPE side (when using omni-directional

antenna at the Base Station) is

substantially higher. In fact, when using an omni-directional antenna, the

existence of clear Fresnel

zone between BSR and SPR/IDR is insufficient to eliminate multipath

interference, since multipath, in

this case, can be caused by reflections originating from obstacles outside

the Fresnel zone.

- Higher sensitivity to alignment. Since the omni-directional antenna gain

is achieved by narrowing the vertical beam width, a relatively low deviation

in the antenna alignment will result in severe signal

attenuation

Transmit Power and Cable Loss

Airspan’s AS WipLL radios provide transmit power compensation for power

attenuation caused by cable loss(of cable connecting to external antenna).

Cable loss is the loss of radio transmit (Tx) power as heat, and directly

proportional to cable length and quality, and operating frequency. In

accordance with FCC regulations, when operating in unlicensed bands, the

external antennas must provide an EIRP of ≤ 36 dBm to prevent

Interference with other radios. EIRP is defined as max. Power

To define BSR transmit power taking into consideration cable loss

(using WipManage):

1.In the BSR Zoom window, from the Configuration menu, point to RF, and

then choose Power Settings.

2. Ensure the Power Management Mode Active check box is cleared. On

the Power Level slide ruler, define the BSR’s maximum power level, e.g. 23

dBm.

3. In the Loss Compensation field, enter the power to compensate for

power attenuation due to cable length (i.e. cable loss compensation), e.g. 4

dB.

4. Click Apply, and then reset the BSR to apply the new power settings.

Therefore, taking cable loss into consideration, the total power level of 27

dBm (23 plus 4) is achieved.

Mounting of out door Radio units

Pole Mounting

The BSR and SPR can be pole mounted to avoid radio wave obstructions

between BSR and SPR. The

supplied pole-mounting bracket is designed to support the BSR/SPR on a

round pole of 45mm diameter.

To pole mount the BSR/SPR

1. Attach the mounting bracket to the BSR/SPR using two stainless steel bolts.

2. Attach the clamping bracket to the mounting bracket using two M8-stainless steel

bolts.

3. Attach the Clamping bracket to the pole by placing the two U-bolts around the pole,

and then inserting the U-bolt through the Clamping bracket and securing it by screwing

the two bolts on the U-bolt.

4. Adjust the vertical position of the BSR/SPR. Lock the BSR/SPR at the desired position

by inserting the locking bolt in the desired position. Once the correct angle has been set

both bolts must be tightened to lock the BSR/SPR bracket in place.

5. Adjust the BSR/SPR horizontal position by rotating the BSR/SPR about the pole, and

then tightens the Ubolt.BSR/SPR positioning is obtained in two planes by adjustment of

the mounting bracket assembly as shown

in the figure below.

Cabling

5

BSR-to-BSDU Cabling

The BSR interfaces with the provider’s backbone through the BSDU (or

SDA). The BSR connects to the BSDU using a CAT 5 cable. (The BSR-

to-SDA cabling is the same as SPR-to-SDA cabling.

Cable connection

1. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector to the BSR’s 15-pin port.

2. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at the other end of the CAT

5 cable, to one of the BSDU’s 15-pin D-type ports labeled BSR, located on

the BSDU’s rear panel.

SPR-to-SDA Cabling

The SPR interfaces with the subscriber’s Ethernet network (LAN) through

the SDA. The SPR connects to the SDA using a CAT 5 cable.

6

Cable connection

1. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at one end of the CAT 5

cable, to the SPR’s 15-pin port.

2. Connect the 15-pin D-type male connector, at the other end of the CAT

5 cable, to the SDA’s 15-pinD-type

Software Installation

AS WipLL provides two main configuration and management tools:

WipManage and WipConfig. Before

installing these tools, ensure that the following system requirements are

fulfill.

Hardware requirements:

1.CPU 400 MHz minimum (recommended 1,000 MHz or more)

2. RAM 256 MB (recommended 512 MB or more)

3.Display adapter memory 8 MB

4.Graphics 1024 x 768 (recommended 1024 x 768 or more)

5.Minimum free hard disk space 500 MB (recommended 2 GB or more)

6.Network adapter 10/100 Mbps

Software requirements – operating systems:

1.Microsoft™ Windows™ NT 4 work station (English only) SP 3.0 or higher

2.Microsoft™ Windows™ 2000 Professional

3.Microsoft™ Windows™ XP Professional

Initial Configuration

To successfully establish an air and network link between the BSR and

SPRs/IDRs, the following initial configuration settings (using WipConfig)

must exist:

1. Correct IP and subnet addresses configured (according to your

network addressing scheme)

2. Correct BSR's Air MAC address configured for BSR

3. Correct BSR's Air MAC address assigned to SPRs/IDRs

4. Identical frequency table configured for BSR and SPRs/IDRs

5. Identical maximum transmission rate configured for BSR and

SPRs/IDRs

6. dentical mode (i.e. router or bridge) configured for BSR and

SPRs/IDRs

Default settings:-

Airspan’s factory default settings for the AS WipLL devices are listed in the

following table:

BSR Initialization

To perform BSR initial configuration:

1. Connect the PC running WipConfig to the BSR using serial cabling.

2. Start WipConfig.

3. On the toolbar, in the Communication group, select the Serial option, and

then click the Connect button,WipConfig connects to the BSR.

4. Apply factory defaults to the BSR, by performing the following:

a. On the toolbar, click the Set Factory Default button; A Warning

message box appears.

b. Click Yes to confirm applying factory defaults to the BSR; A Warning

message box appears.

c. Click Yes to confirm BSR reset; WipConfig applies the default settings

to the SPR/IDR.

5. From the Mode drop-down list, select Bridge (i.e. for transparent bridge

mode).

6. In the Network Configuration group, enter the following fields:

--Eth IP Address: enter the BSR’s IP address (e.g. 10.0.0.10)

--Eth Subnet Mask: enter the BSR’s subnet address (e.g.

255.255.255.0)

--Default Gateway: enter the BSR’s default gateway’s IP address if

relevant

7. In the RF Configuration group, enter the following fields:

--Air MAC Address: enter the BSR’s Air MAC address (0x0000

through 0xFFFF), e.g. 0x1200

--Frequency Table ID: enter frequency table number used by BSR

(0 through 63)

8. On the toolbar, click the Write button.

9. On the toolbar, click the Reset button to reset the BSR; A Warning

message box appears.

10. Click Yes to confirm BSR reset.

The figure below displays the BSR configured in the bridge mode.

SPR Initialization

To perform SPR/IDR initial configuration:

1. Connect the PC running WipConfig to the SPR/IDR using serial cabling.

2. Start WipConfig.

3. On the toolbar, in the Communication group, select the Serial option, and

then click the Connect button,WipConfig connects to the SPR/IDR.

4. Apply factory defaults to the SPR/IDR, by performing the following:

a. On the toolbar, click the Set Factory Default button; A Warning

message box appears.

b. Click Yes to confirm; A Warning message box appears.

c. Click Yes to confirm SPR/IDR reset; WipConfig applies the

default settings to the SPR/IDR.

5. From the Bridge Mode drop-down list, select Bridge (i.e. transparent

bridge mode).

6. In the Network Configuration group, enter the following fields:--Eth IP

Address: enter the SPR’s/IDR's IP address (e.g. 10.0.0.20)

--Eth Subnet Mask: enter the SPR’s/IDR's subnet address (e.g.

255.255.255.0)

--Default Gateway: enter the SPR’s/IDR's default gateway’s IP

address, if relevant

7. In the RF Configuration group, enter the following fields:

--Index in BSR: enter the SPR’s/IDR's index number to be indexed in

the BSR, e.g. 2

--BSR Air MAC Address: enter the BSR’s Air MAC address to which

the SPR/IDR is associated, e.g.

0x1200

8. On the toolbar, click the Write button to apply the new settings to the

SPR/IDR.

9. On the toolbar, click the Reset button to reset the SPR/IDR. A Warning

message box appears.

10. Click Yes to confirm resetting the SPR/IDR.

The figure below displays the SPR/IDR configured in the bridge mode.

Analyzing the RF Spectrum

Before setting up your wireless link between Base Station and subscribers,

Airspan recommends analyzing the RF spectrum at the

Base Station to select only clear frequency channels (i.e. without

interferences) for building a frequency table for the wireless transmission.

Airspan recommends using frequencies that are approximately 28, 20, and

12 dB above interference levels to effectively operate in 8- (4 Mbps/3

Mbps), 4-(2 Mbps), and 2-level FSK (1.33 Mbps/1 Mbps), respectively.

Accessing the spectrum analyzer:-

You can access the Spectrum Analyzer through either a serial or an IP

network communication mode.

To access the Spectrum Analyzer:

1. Start WipConfig and then connect WipConfig to the BSR by performing

one of the following:

--Serial mode: on the toolbar, select the Serial option, and then click

Connect.

--IP mode: on the toolbar, select the Network option, and then in the

Remote Agent field, enter the ASWipLL device's IP address, and then

click Connect.

2. In the Outlook bar, click the Spectrum Analyzer button; A message box

appears informing you that

the device will lose connection with all other devices.

3. Click OK.

Setting up the spectrum analyzer:-

Before you can start analyzing the spectrum, you need to define various

parameters in the Spectrum Analyzer.

To set up the Spectrum Analyzer:

1. Ensure the Setup tab (located in the top-right pane) is selected.

2. In the Refresh Rate field, enter the rate (in seconds) for polling the

BSR/PPR. (The default is 3 sec aximum is 3600 sec.)

3. In the Number of Sweeps group, select the option for scanning the

frequency range:

--ngle: scans the spectrum only once

--continuous: cyclically scans the spectrum (i.e. repetitively)

--Custom: you can define the number of sweeps (range is 0 through

1,000 sweeps)

4. To change the antenna gain, in the Antenna Gain field, enter the antenna

gain. If you want to restore the BSR’s default antenna gain, click the True

Antenna Gain Value button.

5. To define the frequency range for which you want to analyze, define the

following fields:

--Start Freq: frequency from where you want to scan (i.e. lower

frequency)

--Stop Freq: frequency to where you want to scan (i.e. upper

frequency)

Viewing Results:-

The Spectrum Analyzer results are plotted on the graph as well as displayed

in the Results table (to access the Results table simply click the Results

tab).

The following measurements are displayed:

--Average received signal strength (RSS) per frequency (plotted white

line on the graph)

--Maximum hold received signal strength (RSS) per frequency (plotted

yellow line on the graph)

--Distance (in spectrum RF) that the BSR/PPR can establish a viable

communication link with another transmitter. This is displayed in the

TxRxOffset field.

9

Configuring PC’s IP Address

To establish IP network connectivity between your PC running the NMS

(WipConfig or WipManage) and the AS WipLL devices, you need to

configure your PC's TCP/IP address settings in accordance with your AS

WipLL network's IP addressing scheme:

1.Define PC’s (i.e. Ethernet card) IP address so that it’s in same subnet as

the BSR/BSDU.

2.Configure PC’s default gateway with the IP address of the BSR, or with

the IP address of a router if oneexists between the PC and BSR.

To configure your PC’s IP address settings

1. On the Windows desktop, right-click My Network Places, and then from

the shortcut menu, choose

Properties; The Network and Dial-up Connections folder appears.

2. Right-click the desired connection, and then from the shortcut menu,

choose Properties; The Local Area

Connection Properties dialog box appears.

3. In the Components list, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), and then click

Properties; The Internet

Protocol (TCP/IP)

Properties dialog box appears:

4. Select the Use the Following IP Address option, and then enter the

following fields:

--IP Address: PC’s IP address, e.g. 10.0.0.2

--Subnet Mask: PC’s subnet mask address, which must be the same

as the BSR/BSDU (e.g.

255.255.255.0) so that the PC is in the same subnet as the

BSR/BSDU

--Default Gateway: PC’s default gateway, which can be the BSR’s IP

address (e.g. 10.0.0.10), or if a

router exists behind the BSR, then the router’s IP address

5. Click OK.

10

Establishing Link Using WIP manage

Once you have initialized the BSR and SPR/IDR using WipConfig, you need

to add various WipManage elements to establish a viable air and network

link between the BSR and SPR/IDR.

Adding a BS group:-

To add a BS Group:

1. In the Database Tree, right-click , and then from the shortcut menu,

choose Add BS Group.

BS Group Add dialog box appears.

2. In the Group Name field, enter a name for the BS Group, e.g.

“Manhattan_1”, and then click OK.

Adding a BS:-

You can now add a Base Station (BS) to the BS Group you added in the

previous subsection.

To add a BS:

1. In the Database Tree, click the (e.g. “Manahattan_1”) branch to which

you want to add the BS.

2. In the BSs Map view (in the right pane), right-click an empty area, and then from the

shortcut menu choose Add BS; The BS Add dialog box appears.

3. In the BS Name field, enter a name for the BS, e.g. “Times Square”, and then click

OK.

Adding a BSR

You can add up to six BSRs to each BSDU, allowing a maximum of 24

BSRs (6 BSRs x 4 BSDUs) per BS.

In our example, we need to add a BSR with IP address 10.0.0.10.

To add a BSR:

1. In the Database Tree, double-click the (e.g. “Times Square”) branch.

2. Right-click one of the six blue rectangles in the same row as the BSDU to

which you want to add the BSR, and then from the shortcut menu, choose

Add BSR; The BSR-Add dialog box appears.

3. In the Manage IP field, enter the BSR’s IP address, e.g. 10.0.0.10.

4. In the Get Community and Set Community fields, enter the SNMP

community rights.

5. Click OK.

The Permitted SPRs-Add dialog box appears.

2. In the IP Address field, enter the SPR’s/IDR's IP address (e.g. 10.0.0.20).

3. Click OK; The SPR index #2 icon appears green, as shown below,

indicating that a viable air and network link exists with the SPR/IDR. You

can now manage the SPR/IDR.

Testing BSR/SPR Network Link:-

You can test the BSR-SPR/IDR link by pinging the SPR/IDR from a PC

located behind the BSR.

To test the link by pinging:

1.From the PC (IP address 10.0.0.2) behind the BSR, open an MS-DOS

prompt and use the ping – t command to ping the SPR/IDR (IP address

10.0.0.20), e.g. ping 10.0.0.20 – t.

Installation of Radwin Modem

WinLink-1000 is a carrier-class, high capacity, Point-to-Point broadband wireless

transmission system. WinLink-1000 combines legacy TDM and Ethernet services

over 2.4GHz and 5.xGHz license-exempt bands and is suitable for deployment in

FCC, ESTI, or CSA regulated countries. The system provides up to 48 Mbps

wireless link and supports ranges of up to 80 km (50 miles).

Application

Figure 1-1 illustrates a typical point-to-point application of two WinLink-1000

units.

PBX

Site A Site B

Up to 80 km (50 miles) PBX

E1/T1 E1/T1

E1/T1 E1/T1

10/100BaseT WinLink-1000 WinLink-1000 10/100 BaseT

LAN LAN

Figure 1-1. Typical Application

Features

Wireless Link

WinLink-1000 delivers up to 48 Mbps data rate for Ethernet and E1/T1 traffic. The

system supports a variety of spectrum bands and can be configured to operate in

any channel on the band with a carrier step resolution of 5 MHz.

WinLink-1000 operation complies with ETSI, CSA and the FCC 47CFR Part 15 and

subpart C and E requirements.

WinLink-1000 employs Time Division Duplex (TDD) transmission. This technology

simplifies the installation and configuration procedure. There is no need to plan

and to allocate separate channels for the uplink and downlink data streams.

Operation over 2.4GHz and 5.x GHz bands is not affected by harsh weather

conditions, such as fog, heavy rain etc.

LAN Interface

The WinLink-1000 LAN port provides 10/100BaseT interfaces with

autonegotiation and transparent VLAN support. Traffic handling is provided by a

MAC-level self-learning bridge.

TDM Interface

The WinLink-1000 TDM interface accepts E1 or T1 traffic, supporting the

following:

Unframed operation (E1 and T1)

AMI and B8ZS zero suppression (T1).

Figure 1-2. WinLink-1000 Units

Installation and Setup

WinLink-1000 System

WinLink-1000 system comprises the following units:

Outdoor Unit (ODU): The ODU has 2 configurations: ODU with integrated

antenna and ODU with N-Type connector for connection to an external antenna.

Both ODU types have the same interface to the IDU. The ODU with integrated

antenna has an enclosed aluminum frame with a front sealed plastic cover,

containing an integrated transceiver with an antenna, RF module,

modem and standard interfaces.

ODU includes a power connector, which receives -48 VDC, and RJ-45 for Ethernet

traffic from the indoor unit (IDU).

The ODU is attached to a mast using a special mounting kit, which is supplied with

the unit.

Indoor Unit (IDU): There are two types of IDU cages. IDU-E that is a plastic

box of ½ x 19 in. and IDU-C that is based on a metal 19in. box address the

carrier-class applications. IDU is the interface unit between the ODU and the

user. It converts 100–240 VAC to -48VDC, and feeds the ODU by it. The IDU

does not store any configuration data. Therefore, there is no need for additional

configuration of the WinLink-1000 system when replacing an IDU.

Site Requirements and Prerequisites

For the IDU, allow at least 90 cm (36 in) of frontal clearance for operating and

maintenance accessibility. Allow at least 10 cm (4 in) clearance at the rear of the

unit for signal lines and interface cables.

The ambient operating temperature should be –45C to 60C/-49F to 140F

(ODU), or -5C to 45C/23F to 113F (IDU) at a relative humidity of up to

90%, non-condensing.

Before starting the installation, use the Link Budget Calculator utility to calculate

expected performance of the link. You can vary parameter inputs to the calculator

to determine the optimum system configuration. The utility is described in

Package Contents

The WinLink-1000 packages include the following items:

ODU Package Containing:

ODU

Mast/Wall mounting kit plus mounting instructions

Winlink-1000 Manager installation CD

IDU-E Package Contents:

IDU-E

110V/240V adaptor

IDU wall-mounting drilling template

Spare RJ-45 connector

(Optional) IDU-C Package Contents:

IDU-C

For AC model, 110v/240 VAC with 3-prong connector cable

For DC model, -48 VDC with 3-pin terminal block connector (green)

IDU standard 1-U, 19” carrier rack

Spare RJ-45 connector

External antenna (if ordered)

ODU/IDU Cable at length ordered (optional)

Installation and Setup

Physical installation of the WinLink-1000 system installation includes the followingsteps:

1. Installing ODU at both sites of the link.

2. Installing ODU cable and connecting ODU to IDU at both sites.

3. Connecting power.

4. Installing the management program on the network management station.

5. Running the Installation wizard from the management program.

6. Aligning the ODUs.

WinLink-1000 with an external antenna

Typical Installation Diagram

5.2 Mounting the ODU

The ODU is the transmitting and receiving element of the WinLink-1000 system.

The ODU can be mounted on a mast or a wall. In both installations, the supplied

mounting kit is used to secure the ODU.

An WinLink-1000 link operates in pairs of two WinLink-1000 systems with the

same configuration. Both systems must be installed, and the antennas of the

outdoor units must be aligned for maximum throughput.

TO MOUNT THE ODU

1. Verify that the ODU mounting brackets are properly grounded.

2. Attach the ODU unit to the mast. Refer to for the ODU mounting instructions.

3. Connect the ground cable to the chassis point on the ODU.

4. Attach the ODU cable to the RJ-45 connector. Refer to for the connector pinout.

5. Secure the cables to the mast or brackets using provided UV-rated cable ties.

6. Repeat the procedure at the remote site.

Connecting the ODU to the IDU

The ODU cable conducts all the user traffic between the IDU and the ODU. The ODU cable also provides -48 VDC supply to the ODU. The maximum length for one leg of the ODU cable is 100m (328 ft) in accordance with10/100BaseT standards.

ODU cable is supplied pre-assembled with RJ-45 connectors, at the length

specified when ordering. If the ODU cable was not ordered, use Cat. 5e shielded

cable, the wiring specifications are given in

1. Route the cable from the ODU location into the building, leaving some spare. Secure the cable along its path.

2. Connect the ODU cable to the RJ-45 connector on the IDU panel designated

WAN. illustrates a typical panel of the IDU-E and IDU-C.

. IDUs connector panels

Connecting the Power

Power is supplied to WinLink-1000 via an external AC/DC converter,which receives power from 110–240 VAC source and converts

it to -48

To connect the power IDU-E:

1. Connect the 2-pin plug of the AC/DC converter to the 2-pin DC power connector on the IDU-E rear panel.2. Connect the AC/DC converter 3-prong plug to mains outlet.

To connect the power for IDU-C:

For AC power model, connect the AC cable 3-prong plug to mains outlet.

For DC power model, connect to DC supply on the rack (male connector for

the terminal block is included).

Installing WinLink-1000 Management Software

WinLink-1000 management application is distributed on CD-ROM as an executable file. The application has the following PC requirements:

WinLink-1000 Installation and Operation Manual

Memory: 128 MB RAM

Disk: 1 GB free hard disk space

Processor: Pentium 3 or higher

Network: 10/100BaseT NIC

Graphics: Card and Monitor that supports 1024768 screen resolution with

16

bit color

Operating system: Windows 2000/XP

Microsoft Explorer 5.01 or later.

To install the WinLink-1000 management program:

1. Insert the CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive.

2. If the installation does not start automatically, run WinLink.exe from the CD- ROM drive.

3. Follow the on screen instructions of the installation wizard to complete setup

of the WinLink-1000 Management program in the desired location.

To perform initial setup:

1. Power up the site A IDU Wait about 1 minute.

2. Power up the site B IDU

3. Connect the management station to the LAN.

Any PC running the WinLink-1000 Management application can be used to

configure WinLink-1000 units.

To start WinLink manager

1. From the Start menu, point to Programs, point to WinLInk Manager, and then

click WinLink Manager.

The password/IP request dialog appears.

Figure 2-3. Login Screen

2. Select the suitable option for the IP Address field:

Enter the IP address of the ODU — default value 10.0.0.120.

Figure 2-5. Main Menu

Aligning the WinLink-1000 ODUs

Perform the WinLink-1000 ODU alignment using the Buzzers located inside the ODUs. Alignment of a WinLink-1000 link must be performed by two people simultaneously, at site A and at site B.

To align the ODUs via ODU Buzzer:

1. Verify that power is connected to the IDUs at both sites.

Do not stand in front of a live radio terminal.

Warnin

g

2. Align the site A ODU in the direction of the site B ODU.

3. Align the site B ODU in the direction of the site A ODU

4. Alternating between each site, turn each ODU slowly while listening to the buzzer beep sequence for the Best Signal sound, until optimal alignment is achieved.

5. Secure the site A and site B ODUs to the mast/wall.

6. Monitor the link quality for about 15 minutes to verify stability.

Installing the Link

Installation and definition of all parameters are applied to both sides of the link.

To install the link:

1. Verify that the management station is properly connected to the same LAN as

the IDU, and the WinLink Manager application is running.

2. In the toolbar, click the Link Installation button. The

Installation wizard open

Figure . Link Installation Wizard

3. Click next to proceed with the Installation procedure.

Figure. Installation Wizard, System dialog box

Notes 4. Enter a SSID (System ID) minimum of eight characters. The ID is initially

factory set.

Both sites of a link must always have the same number

5. Enter Link name for the link identification.

6. Enter a name for site 1.

7. Enter a name for site 2.

8. Click Next.

The Channel Select dialog box appears

Figure . Installation Wizard, Channel Select dialog box

9. Select the required operating channel.

The pull down list shows the ISM frequencies available.

The Manual option allows you a User defined channel, within the system frequency band.

Selecting a new channel causes the system quality to change. The quality bar shows the adjustment until the system finds the best quality link.

10. Click Next.

The Rate Select dialog box appears lists throughput rates and capacities.

.

Figure 2-10. Installation Wizard, Rates dialog box

11. Select a suitable air interface rate according to the services required.

12. Click Evaluate.

13. A question box pops up, asking if you want to re-evaluate the link.

Click Yes to change the rate No to keep the existing rate.

Selecting a new rate causes the system quality to change. The quality bar shows the adjustment until the system finds the best quality link.

14. Click Next.

The Service Parameters dialog box appears.

Figure 2-11. Installation Wizard, Services dialog box

15. In the Service dialog box, select one of the following:

E1/T1 – Select the E1/T1 field, if you intend to transmit E1/T1 data

andEthernet data.The Ethernet BW field shows the remaining bandwidth in

Mbpsavailable for Ethernet. The available bandwidth depends on the

number of E1/T1 ports selected.

Select the Ethernet field, if you intend to transmit Ethernet data only

16. Click Next

The Finish screen appears

Figure 2-12. Installation Wizard, Finish Screen

17. Click Finish to complete the installation wizard.

When the wireless link is established between the site A and site B units, the Link Status indication bar of the Main menu is within the green area.

18. Verify that the radio signal strength (RSS) in the Main menu is according to expected results.

Connecting the User Equipment.

The IDU-E is a standalone desktop, wall-mounted unit. This unit has

both front and rear panel connections.

The optional IDU-C is a standalone rackmounted unit. This unit has only front panel connections.illustrates the typical panels of the IDUs.

Cisco Router Configuration

ROUTER AND ITS COMMANDS

There are various types of routers, but the best is delivered by the

CISCO Company. It has various types of series in itself, which is

shown below :

1) THE 800

2) THE 1800

3) THE 2800

4) THE 3800

COMMANDS:

* Router# (type in config t)

Router(config)# (type in line vty 0 4) Router(config-line)# (type in login)

Router(config-line)# (type in password VTY-Password-here)

This concludes setting your VTY Passwords! (you can type in Ctrl-Z to go back to plain Enable Mode) Router(config-line)# Ctrl-Z Router#

Router>enable Router#config Router(config)#hostname N115-7206 N115-7206(config)#interface serial 1/1 N115-7206(config-if)ip address 192.168.155.2 255.255.255.0 N115-7206(config-if)no shutdown N115-7206(config-if)ctrl-z N115-7206#show interface serial 1/1 N115-7206#config N115-7206(config)#interface ethernet 2/3 N115-7206(config-if)#ip address 192.168.150.90 255.255.255.0 N115-7206(config-if)#no shutdown N115-7206(config-if)#ctrl-z N115-7206#show interface ethernet 2/3 N115-7206#config N115-7206(config)#router rip

N115-7206(config-router)#network 192.168.155.0 N115-7206(config-router)#network 192.168.150.0 N115-7206(config-router)#ctrl-z N115-7206#show ip protocols N115-7206#ping 192.168.150.1 N115-7206#config N115-7206(config)#ip name-server 172.16.0.10 N115-7206(config)#ctrl-z N115-7206#ping archie.au N115-7206#config N115-7206(config)#enable secret password N115-7206(config)#ctrl-z N115-7206#copy running-config startup-config N115-7206#exit

Cisco IOS Modes of Operation

The Cisco IOS software provides access to several different

command modes. Each command mode provides a different group of

related commands.

For security purposes, the Cisco IOS software provides two levels of

access to commands: user and privileged. The unprivileged user

mode is called user EXEC mode. The privileged mode is called

privileged EXEC mode and requires a password. The commands

available in user EXEC mode are a subset of the commands

available in privileged EXEC mode.

The following table describes some of the most commonly used

modes, how to enter the modes, and the resulting prompts. The

prompt helps you identify which mode you are in and, therefore,

which commands are available to you

Mode of Operation Usage How to Enter the Mode Prompt User EXEC

Change terminal settings on a temporary basis, perform basic tests,

and list system information. First level accessed. Router> Privileged

EXEC System administration, set operating parameters. From user

EXEC mode, enter enable password command Router# Global

Config Modify configuration that affect the system as a whole. From

privileged EXEC, enter configure terminal. Router(config)# Interface

Config Modify the operation of an interface. From global mode, enter interface

type number. Router(config-if)# Setup Create the initial configuration. From

privileged EXEC mode, enter command setup. Prompted dialog

User EXEC Mode:

When you are connected to the router, you are started in user EXEC

mode. The user EXEC commands are a subset of the privileged

EXEC commands.

Privileged EXEC Mode:

Privileged commands include the following:

• Configure – Changes the software configuration.

• Debug – Display process and hardware event messages.

• Setup – Enter configuration information at the prompts.

Enter the command disable to exit from the privileged EXEC mode

and return to user EXEC mode.

Configuration Mode

Configuration mode has a set of submodes that you use for modifying

interface settings, routing protocol settings, line settings, and so forth.

Use caution with configuration mode because all changes you enter

take effect immediately.

To enter configuration mode, enter the command configure terminal

and exit by pressing Ctrl-Z.

Note:

Almost every configuration command also has a no form. In general,

use the no form to disable a feature or function. Use the command

without the keyword no to re-enable a disabled feature or to enable a

feature that is disabled by default. For example, IP routing is enabled

by default. To disable IP routing, enter the no ip routing command

and enter ip routing to re-enable it.

Getting Help

In any command mode, you can get a list of available commands by

entering a question mark (?).

Router>?

To obtain a list of commands that begin with a particular character

sequence, type in those characters followed immediately by the

question mark (?).

Router#co?

configure connect copy

To list keywords or arguments, enter a question mark in place of a

keyword or argument. Include a space before the question mark.

Router#configure ?

memory Configure from NV memory

network Configure from a TFTP network host

terminal Configure from the terminal

You can also abbreviate commands and keywords by entering just

enough characters to make the command unique from other

commands. For example, you can abbreviate the show command to

sh.

Configuration Files

Any time you make changes to the router configuration, you must

save the changes to memory because if you do not they will be lost if

there is a system reload or power outage. There are two types of

configuration files: the running (current operating) configuration and

the startup configuration.

Use the following privileged mode commands to work with

configuration files.

• configure terminal – modify the running configuration manually from

the terminal.

• show running-config – display the running configuration.

• show startup-config – display the startup configuration.

• copy running-config startup-config – copy the running configuration

to the startup configuration.

• copy startup-config running-config – copy the startup configuration

to the running configuration.

• erase startup-config – erase the startup-configuration in NVRAM.

• copy tftp running-config – load a configuration file stored on a Trivial

File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server into the running configuration.

• copy running-config tftp – store the running configuration on a TFTP

server.

IP Address Configuration

Take the following steps to configure the IP address of an interface.

Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode:

Router>enable password

Step 2: Enter the configure terminal command to enter global

configuration mode.

Router#config terminal

Step 3: Enter the interface type slot/port (for Cisco 7000 series) or

interface type port (for Cisco 2500 series) to enter the interface

configuration mode.

Example:

Router (config)#interface ethernet 0/1

Step 4: Enter the IP address and subnet mask of the

interface using the ip address ipaddress subnetmask command.

Example,

Router (config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0

Step 5: Exit the configuration mode by pressing Ctrl-Z

Router(config-if)#[Ctrl-Z]

Routing Protocol Configuration

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode:

Router>enable password

Step 2: Enter the configure terminal command to enter global

configuration mode.

Router#config terminal

Step 3: Enter the router rip command

Router(config)#router rip

Step 4: Add the network number to use RIP and repeat this step for

all the numbers.

Router(config-router)#network network-number

Example: Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0

Note: To turn off RIP, use the no router rip command.

Router(config)#no router rip

Other useful commands

• Specify a RIP Version

By default, the software receives RIP version 1 and version 2

packets, but sends only version 1 packets. To control which RIP

version an interface sends, use one of the following commands in

interface configuration mode:

Command Purpose ip rip send version 1 Configure an interface to

send only RIP version 1 packets. ip rip send version 2 Configure an

interface to send only RIP version 2 packets. ip rip send version 1 2

Configure an interface to send only RIP version 1 and version 2

packets.

To control how packets received from an interface are processed,

use one of the following commands:

Command Purpose ip rip receive version 1 Configure an interface to

accept only RIP version 1 packets. ip rip receive version 2 Configure

an interface to accept only RIP version 2 packets ip rip receive

version 1 2 Configure an interface to accept only RIP version 1 or 2

packets.

• Enable or Disable Split Horizon

Use one of the following commands in interface configuration mode:

no ip split-horizon Disable split horizon.

Command Purpose ip split-horizon Enable split horizon.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode:

Router>enable password

Step 2: Enter the configure terminal command to enter global

configuration mode.

Router#config terminal

Step 3: Enter the router ospf command and follow by the process-id.

Router(config)#router ospf process-id

Pick the process-id which is not being used. To determine

what ids are being used, issue the show process

command.

Router(config)#show process

Step 4: Add the network number, mask and area-id

Router(config-router)#network network-number mask area area-id

The network-number identifies the network using OSPF. The mask

tells which bits to use from the network-number, and the area-id is

used for determining areas in an OSPF configuration.

Example:

Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0

area 0.0.0.0

Repeat this step for all the network numbers.

To turn off OSPF, use the following command.

Router(config)#no router ospf process-id

Other useful commands

• Configure OSPF Interface Parameters

You are not required to alter any of these parameters, but some

interface parameters must be consistent across all routers in an

attached network.

In interface configuration mode, specify any of the following:

Command Purpose ip ospf cost cost Explicitly specify the cost of

sending a packet on an OSPF interface. ip ospf retransmit-interval

seconds Specify the number of seconds between link state

advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to an OSPF

interface. ip ospf transmit-delay seconds Set the estimated number of

seconds it takes to transmit a link state update packet on an OSPF

interface. ip ospf priority number Set router priority to help determine

the OSPF designated router for a network. ip ospf hello-interval

seconds Specify the length of time, in seconds, between the hello

packets that a router sends on an OSPF interface. ip ospf dead-

interval seconds Set the number of seconds that a router’s hello

packets must not have been seen before its neighbors declare the

OSPF router down. ip ospf authentication-key password Assign a

specific password to be used by neighboring OSPF routers on a

network segment that is using OSPF’s simple password

authentication.

Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP)

• Create the IGRP Routing Process

To create the IGRP routing process, use the following required

commands starting in global configuration mode.

Step Command Purpose 1 router igrp autonomous-system Enable an

IGRP routing process, which place you in router configuration mode.

2 network network-number Associate networks with an IGRP routing

process.

• Disable Holddown

The holddown mechanism is used to help avoid routing loop in the

network, but has the effect of increasing the topology convergence

time.

To disable holddowns with IGRP, use the following command in

router configuration mode. All devices in an IGRP autonomous

system must be consistent in their use of holddowns.

Command Purpose No metric holddown Disable the IGRP holddown

period.

• Enforce a Maximum Network Diameter

Define a maximum diameter to the IGRP network. Routes whose hop

counts exceed this diameter are not advertised. The default

maximum diameter is 100 hops. The maximum diameter is 255 hops.

Use the following command in router configuration mode.

Command Purpose metric maximum-hops hops Configure the

maximum network diameter.

• To turn off IGRP, use the following command.

Router(config)#no router igrp autonomous-system

Tunneling

Most VPNs rely on tunneling to create a private network that reaches

across the Internet. Essentially, tunneling is the process of placing an

entire packet within another packet and sending it over a network.

The protocol of the outer packet is understood by the network and

both points, called tunnel interfaces, where the packet enters and

exits the network.

Tunneling requires three different protocols:

A) Carrier protocol - The protocol used by the network that the

information is traveling over

B)Encapsulating protocol - The protocol (GRE, IPSec, L2F, PPTP,

L2TP) that is wrapped around the original data

C)Passenger protocol - The original data (IPX, NetBeui, IP) being

carried

Tunneling has amazing implications for VPNs. For example, you can

place a packet that uses a protocol not supported on the Internet

(such as NetBeui) inside an IP packet and send it safely over the

Internet. Or you could put a packet that uses a private (non-routable)

IP address inside a packet that uses a globally unique IP address to

extend a private network over the Internet.

Tunneling: Site-to-Site

In a site-to-site VPN, GRE (generic routing encapsulation) is normally

the encapsulating protocol that provides the framework for how to

package the passenger protocol for transport over the carrier

protocol, which is typically IP-based. This includes information on

what type of packet you are encapsulating and information about the

connection between the client and server. Instead of GRE, IPSec in

tunnel mode is sometimes used as the encapsulating protocol. IPSec

works well on both remote-access and site-to-site VPNs. IPSec must

be supported at both tunnel interfaces to use.

Tunneling: Remote-Access

In a remote-access VPN, tunneling normally takes place using PPP.

Part of the TCP/IP stack, PPP is the carrier for other IP protocols

when communicating over the network between the host computer

and a remote system. Remote-access VPN tunneling relies on PPP.

Each of the protocols listed below were built using the basic structure

of PPP and are used by remote-access VPNs.

A ) L2F (Layer 2 Forwarding) - Developed by Cisco, L2F will use any

authentication scheme supported by PPP.

B) PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - PPTP was created by

the PPTP Forum, a consortium which includes US Robotics,

Microsoft, 3COM, Ascend and ECI Telematics. PPTP supports 40-bit

and 128-bit encryption and will use any authentication scheme

supported by PPP.

C) L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol) - L2TP is the product of a

partnership between the members of the PPTP Forum, Cisco and the

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). Combining features of both

PPTP and L2F, L2TP also fully supports IPSec.

L2TP can be used as a tunneling protocol for site-to-site VPNs as

well as remote-access VPNs. In fact, L2TP can create a tunnel

between:

Client and router

NAS and router

Router and router

Think of tunneling as having a computer delivered to you by UPS.

The vendor packs the computer (passenger protocol) into a box

(encapsulating protocol) which is then put on a UPS truck (carrier

protocol) at the vendor's warehouse (entry tunnel interface). The

truck (carrier protocol) travels over the highways (Internet) to your

home (exit tunnel interface) and delivers the computer. You open the

box (encapsulating protocol) and remove the computer (passenger

protocol). Tunneling is just that simple!

As you can see, VPNs are a great way for a company to keep its

employees and partners connected no matter where they are.

As the link is installed its now the time to test the link as every

instrument has a testing cycle in VPN connectivity we too have a

testing cycle. We use Netpersec for testing the load. If the link is

taking adequate amount of load link is handed over to the

customer other wise we move back for further quality

improvement of the link.

FIREWALLIntroduction

This document describe how to configure netear FXS538 firewall.

Requirements

Customer wants to allow some websites and rest will be blocked.

Connectivity

Lan Port-----------> Netgear ----------> Wan Port---------------------------> Internet

Steps Required For Basic Configuration

a) Open the webpage with 192.168.1.1 and login with username as admin and password as

password.

b) Configure ISP1 Settings. This is the port where we need to terminate internet

bandwidth &

configure the port with logical configurations given.

Wan Settings ->s ISP1 Settings

c) Go to lan setup tab and diable dhcp.

d) Click on rouitng and add the default route towards ISP end.

e) Now go to wan mode and select use only nat under Network translation and Under

port mode

select use only single wan port1 (wan1)

f) Now click under Secuirty-> Firewall Rules -> LanWan Rules

Add the service by allowing any service or particular service as per the requirement.

The services will work from top to down.

g) Click On Security->Firewall->Attack check and check the box of Respond the ping to internet

ports.

If you are not selectign this then the you were not able to ping the ports.

h) Click on Security->Block Sites->

click yes for content filtering. If you are using no then you cannot block the websites. Enable the

proxy/java/activex/cookies if you want else you can leave that part. Under Apply keywords

blocking

select all the clicks and enable them.

For blocking websites you can use the dot(.) operator which means you are denying any type of

website. Under trusted domain you can enter the domain which you want user can access.

In the test setup I am only permitting www.cisco.com domain rest will be denied.

Monitoring Firewall

a) Click on Monitoring->Diagnostic tab and you will access basic troubleshooting tools.

b) Under Monitoring->Firewall Logs and Email , we can add the syslog server ip address and

fetch the

logs.

Remote Management

Click Administarion-> Remote Management -> Allow remote management and you canprovide

access as per your ease

Note:- By default all the lan ports are of group 1 part. You can change the geoups as per users.

If you want to restrict internal LAN users from access to certain sites on the Internet, you can use

the VPN firewall’s Content Filtering and Web Components filtering. By default, these features

are

disabled; all requested traffic from any Web site is allowed. If you enable one or more of these

features and users try to access a blocked site, they will see a “Blocked by NETGEAR” message.

Several types of blocking are available:

VIDEO CONFRENSING

Introducing the VSX Series

Your Polycom video conferencing system is a state-of-the-art visual

collaboration tool. With crisp, clean video and crystal-clear sound, VSX

systems provide natural video conferencing interaction through the

most

advanced video communications technology.

VSX Models

This section describes the standard components that come with the

VSX Series

systems. For technical specifications and detailed descriptions of

features

available for VSX models, please refer to the product literature

available at

www.polycom.com. Models with additional options are also available.

For

more information, please contact your Polycom distributor.

This guide covers instructions for the following models.

VSX 3000A Desktop Systems

The VSX 3000A systems deliver high-quality, video communication in

an

all-in-one appliance that includes the camera, LCD screen, speakers,

and

microphone. Save space in your office by using the VGA cable to

connect your

computer to the system’s 17” high-resolution XGA display.

VSX set-top systems VSX component systems VSX desktop systems

Administrator’s Guide for the VSX Series

1 - 2

VSX 5000 Set-top System

The VSX 5000 is a compact, entry-level system with an all-electronic,

built-in

camera.

VSX 6000A Set-top Systems

The VSX 6000A systems are entry-level video conferencing systems for

IP and

SIP networks only.

VSX 7000s Set-top Systems

The VSX 7000s systems provide cutting-edge video conferencing

technology

for IP and other networks. The subwoofer provides additional depth to

the

sound, creating a high-quality sonic space comparable to a home

theater

system.

VSX 7000e Component System

The VSX 7000e is a video component system for medium-sized

conferencing

rooms.

VSX 8000 Component System

The VSX 8000 system is a compact component system for custom

integration.

Setting Up Your System Hardware

This manual provides information to supplement the setup sheets

provided

with your system and its optional components. A printed copy of the

system

setup sheet is provided with each VSX system. PDF versions of the

system

setup sheets are available at www.polycom.com/videodocumentation.

Positioning the System

Position the system so that the camera does not face toward a window

or other

source of bright light.

Introducing the VSX Series

1 - 3

Place the camera and display together so that people at your site face

the

camera when they face the far site display.

Positioning Desktop Systems

The VSX 3000A systems are personal video conferencing systems for

the

desktop.

To position the system:

Place the VSX 3000A system on your desktop or on a table in a small

conference room, leaving enough space so that you can connect the

cables

easily.

If you need to place the system face-down to connect the cables, make sure that

the camera does not touch the work surface. The weight of the system can

damage

the camera mount.

Administrator’s Guide for the VSX Series

1 - 4

Positioning Set-top Systems

The VSX 5000, VSX 6000A, and VSX 7000s systems are designed to be

placed

on top of a monitor. You can order a shelf that can be mounted on a

wall or

placed on top of a flat-panel monitor.

To position the system:

1. The hardware kit you received with the system includes a pair of

self-adhesive feet. If the monitor’s chassis slopes back sharply, install

the

feet on the bottom of the system to stabilize it.

2. Place the system in the desired location, with the rounded front

portion

hanging over the front of the monitor or shelf. Leave enough space to

work, so that you can connect the cables easily.

3. Remove the packaging collar from around the VSX system camera.

Positioning Component Systems

The VSX 7000e and VSX 8000 systems are designed to be placed on a

tabletop

or in an equipment rack.

If you received a network interface module with your system, you may

find it

convenient to install it before positioning the system. Refer to the

installation

sheet that you received with the network interface module.

Feet

Introducing the VSX Series

To position the system:

1. Install the mounting brackets on the system if you need to mount it

in an

equipment rack, or install the self-adhesive feet if you will place the

system on a table or shelf.

2. Place the system in the desired location. Leave enough space to

work, so

that you can connect the cables easily.

3. Place the camera on or near the monitor displaying the far site so

that

people look towards the camera during calls.

Powering On

Connect power and power on the system after you have connected the

rest of

the equipment that you will use with it.

VSX 3000A Desktop System

The VSX 3000A systems have three power switches.

To power on the VSX 3000A:

1. Press the power switch near the connectors on the back of the

system.

2. Press the power switch on the lower back corner of the monitor.

3. Press the power button on the front of the monitor.

Powering On Set-top and Component Systems

For set-top systems, the power switch is on the back panel.

Do not use any power supply other than the one supplied with your VSX system.

Using the wrong power supply will void the warranty and may damage your

system.

Administrator’s Guide for the VSX Series

1 - 6

For component systems, the power switch is on the front. The indicator

light

in the switch provides this information:

• Light is green — system is powered on

• Light changes to from green to red, then to blue — system is

powering off

• Light is blue — system is powered off

• Light is off — system is not connected to power

Configuring with the Setup Wizard

When you power on your system for the first time, the setup wizard

detects

the system’s SCCP connections and leads you through the minimum

configuration steps required to place a call. This guide covers only the

SCCP

setup. Although the VSX SCCP system can be connected only to SCCP

networks, you can use the system to call users on other types of

networks if the

CallManager is configured to allow this. Please note that not all

network types

are available in all countries.

The setup wizard allows you to set a room password, which allows you

to

limit access to the Admin Settings. The default room password is the

14-digit

system serial number.

You can run the setup wizard or view the configuration screens in

either of

these two ways.

• In the room with the system — Use the remote control to

navigate the

screens and enter information. You can use the number pad on the

remote

control to enter text just like you can with a cell phone.

• From a remote location — Use a web browser to access VSXWeb.

For

more information about using VSX Web, refer to Accessing VSX Web

Make sure you can recall the room password if you set one. If you forget the

password, you will have to reset the system, delete the system files, and run the

setup wizard again in order to access the Admin Settings and reset the

password.

If Security Mode is enabled, the room password is required to access the Reset

System screen. If you forget the room password while the system is in Security

Mode, contact your Polycom distributor or Polycom Technical Support.

Networks

This guide covers network types used worldwide. Please note that not

all

network types are available in all countries.

Getting the Network Ready

Before you begin configuring the network options, you must make sure

your

network is ready for video conferencing.

To begin, refer to the Preparing Your Network for Video Conferencing

document,

available at www.polycom.com/videodocumentation. This document

contains information you need to prepare your network, such as

worksheets

that will help you order ISDN.

Network Connectivity Checklist

You will need this information to make and receive video calls at your

site:

Connecting to the LAN

You must connect the system to a LAN to:

• Make IP calls

• Access VSX Web

If... This information:

Should be provided by

your:

Your system is using a

static IP address

IP address IP Network Service Provider

or system administrator

System name System administrator

Administrator’s Guide for the VSX Series

2 - 2

• Use People+Content IP

• Update system software using the Polycom Softupdate program

Configuring LAN Properties

To configure LAN properties:

1. Go to System > Admin Settings > LAN Properties.

2. Configure these settings:

Setting Description

Connect to my

LAN

Specifies whether the system is part of the LAN.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Host Name Indicates the system’s DNS name.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

IP Address Specifies how the system obtains an IP address.

• Obtain IP address automatically — Select if the

system gets an IP address from the DHCP server on the

LAN.

• Enter IP address manually — Select if the IP address

will not be assigned automatically.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Your IP Address

is

or

Use the Following

IP Address

If the system obtains its IP address automatically, this area

displays the IP address currently assigned to the system.

If you selected Enter IP Address Manually, enter the IP

address here. Changing the IP address causes the system

to restart.

Domain Name Displays the domain name currently assigned to the system.

If the system does not automatically obtain a domain name,

enter one here.

Networks

2 - 3

3. Select and configure these settings:

Setting Description

DNS Servers Displays the DNS servers currently assigned to the system.

If the system does not automatically obtain a DNS server address,

enter up to four DNS servers here.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Default

Gateway

Displays the gateway currently assigned to the system.

If the system does not automatically obtain a gateway IP address,

enter one here.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Subnet Mask Displays the subnet mask currently assigned to the system.

If the system does not automatically obtain a subnet mask, enter

one here.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

WINS Server Displays the WINS server currently assigned to the system.

If the system does not automatically obtain a WINS server IP

address, enter one here.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

WINS

Resolution

Sends a request to the WINS server for WINS name resolution.

LAN Speed Specify the LAN speed to use. Note that the speed you choose

must be supported by the switch.

Choose Auto to have the network switch negotiate the speed

automatically. If you choose 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, you must also

select a duplex mode.

Note: Be sure that the device and the switch settings match.

Typically, selecting Auto for both is sufficient. The LAN Speed

setting for the VSX system and the switch must match. Polycom

strongly recommends that you do not select Auto for either just

the VSX system or just the switch; the settings for both must be

the same.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Duplex Mode Specify the Duplex mode to use. Note that the Duplex mode

you

choose must be supported by the switch.

Choose Auto to have the network switch negotiate the Duplex

mode automatically.

Changing this setting causes the system to restart.

Administrator’s Guide for the VSX Series

2 - 4

Configuring the VSX System to Use SCCP

When the VSX system is configured to use SCCP for calls, you can call

another

SCCP-enabled system by entering the system’s extension on the Place

a Call

screen.

To configure the VSX system to use SCCP:

1. On the Cisco CallManager, provision a SCCP extension for each VSX

system.

2. On the VSX System, go to System > Admin Settings > Network

> Call

Preference, and enable Enable SCCP.

3. On the VSX System, go to System > Admin Settings > General

Settings>

System Settings > Call Settings, and set Auto-Answer Point-to-

Point to Yes.

4. On the VSX System, go to System > Admin Settings > Network

> SCCP

Settings, and configure these settings on the Cisco CallManager

screen:

Polycom VSX software release 8.6.2 supporting the Cisco SCCP protocol has

been

certified with Cisco CallManager 4.2(3) and 5.1(1). Additionally, Polycom has

successfully deployed VSX software version 8.6.2 with other versions of the

Cisco

CallManager, including versions 4.1(x) and 5.0(x).

Polycom will work with joint customers in deploying the Polycom/Cisco solution

on

Cisco CallManager 4.1(3) and higher. For pre-sales support, please contact your

Polycom sales representative. For post-sales support, please refer to Polycom

Global Services at www.polycom.com.

Setting Description

CallManager

Address

Specifies the IP address of the Cisco CallManager.

Auto Discover

TFTP Address

Allows the system to discover the Primary, Secondary, and

Tertiary TFTP server addresses. When you choose this

setting, the system restarts and the fields are populated.

TFTP Server

Address

Allows you to specify the Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

TFPT server addresses manually.

Local Extension Displays the extension assigned to this system by the Cisco

CallManager.

Networks

Configuring the Cisco CallManager for Use with the VSX

System

To support SCCP video calls, you must install a video plug-in on the

Cisco

CallManager server. Signed and unsigned plug-ins are available for

Cisco

CallManager at

http://www.polycom.com/resource_center/1,,pw-17246,FF.html.

You must also configure the Video Extensions in the Cisco CallManager.

To

place multipoint video calls using the Conference feature, the Cisco

CallManager needs to be provisioned with video bridge resources.

To install the video plug-in:

1. On the Cisco CallManager server, double-click the plug-in file to

start the

installation.

2. Follow the instructions on the wizard screens to complete the

installation.

3. Restart the system to activate the plug-in you just installed.

To configure the Cisco CallManager:

1. In the Cisco CallManager, go to the Phone Configuration >

Directory

Number Configuration screen.

2. Provision these settings for each Polycom Video Extension:

— Maximum Number of Calls: 1

— Busy Trigger: 1

After you have configured the VSX system and installed the plug-in,

you can

place SCCP calls.

Video Source Output Examples for

Multiple Monitors

The following tables show how the monitor settings on your VSX

system can

affect what you see on your displays. You can configure the video

sources for

your displays in many ways; these tables show only a few typical

configurations that are available on certain systems for point-to-point

calls.

Keep in mind that what you see on your displays can also be affected

by

multipoint display modes, dual monitor emulation, PIP settings, and so

on.

VOIP PHONES

Introduction

This document provides you with the information on installation,

configuration and operation of

the MP-124 24-port, MP-108 8-port, MP-104 4-port and MP-102 2-port

VoIP media gateways. As

these units have similar functionality, except for the number of

channels and some minor

features, they are referred to collectively as the MP-1xx. Prior

knowledge of regular telephony

and data networking concepts is required.

Gateway Description

The MediaPack MP-1xx Series Analog VoIP gateways are cost-effective,

cutting edge technology

solutions, providing superior voice quality and optimized packet voice

streaming (voice, fax and

data traffic) over the same IP network. These gateways use the award-

winning, field-proven

Digital Signal Processing (DSP) voice compression technology used in

other MediaPack and

TrunkPackTM series products.

The MP-1xx gateways incorporate up to 24 analog ports for connection,

either directly to an

enterprise PBX (MP-10x/FXO), to phones, or to fax (MP-1xx/FXS),

supporting up to 24

simultaneous VoIP calls.

Additionally, the MP-1xx units are equipped with a 10/100 Base-TX

Ethernet port for connection

to the network.

The MP-1xx gateways are best suited for small to medium size

enterprises, branch offices or for

residential media gateway solutions.

The MP-1xx gateways enable Users to make free local or international

telephone/fax calls

between the distributed company offices, using their existing

telephones/fax. These calls are

routed over the existing network ensuring that voice traffic uses

minimum bandwidth.

The MP-1xx gateways are very compact devices that can be installed

as a desk-top unit (refer to

Section or on the wall or in a 19-inch rack

The MP-1xx gateways support H.323 ITU or SIP protocols, enabling the

deployment of "voice

over IP" solutions in environments where each enterprise or residential

location is provided with a

simple media gateway.

This provides the enterprise with a telephone connection (e.g., RJ-11),

and the capability to

transmit the voice and telephony signals over a packet network.

The MP-124 supports up to 24 analog telephone loop start FXS ports,

shown in Figure

Figure 1-1: MP-124 Gateway Front View

The MP-108 supports up to 8 analog telephone loop start FXS or FXO

ports, shown in Figure

Figure 1-2: MP-108 Gateway Front View

The MP-104 supports up to 4 analog telephone loop start FXS or FXO

ports, shown in Figure

Figure 1-3: MP-104 Gateway Front View

The MP-102 supports up to 2 analog telephone loop start FXS ports,

shown in Figure .

Figure 1-4: MP-102 Gateway Front View

The layout diagram illustrates a typical MP-108 and MP-104 or MP-102

VoIP

application.

Figure 1-5: Typical MP-1xx VoIP Application

BACK VIEW

CONNECTIVITY WITH PHONES

Configuring the MP-1xx Basic Parameters

To configure the MP-1xx basic parameters use the Embedded Web

Server’s ‘Quick Setup’

Figure 4-1: Quick Setup Screen

To configure basic H.323 parameters, take these 7 steps:

1. If the MP-1xx is behind a router with Network Address Translation

(NAT) enabled, perform

the following procedure. If it isn’t, leave the ‘NAT IP Address’ field

undefined.

Determine the “public” IP address assigned to the router (by using,

for instance, router

Web management). Enter this public IP address in the ‘NAT IP Address’

field.

Enable the DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) configuration on the residential

router for the LAN

port where the MP-1xx gateway is connected. This enables unknown

packets to be

routed to the DMZ port.

2. When working with a Gatekeeper, set ‘Working with Gatekeeper’

field, under ‘H.323

Parameters’, to ‘Yes’ and enter the IP address of the primary

Gatekeeper in the field

‘Gatekeeper IP Address’. When no Gatekeeper is used, the internal

routing table is used to

route the calls.

3. Leave parameter ‘Enable Annex D/T.38 FAX Relay’ at its default

unless your technical

requirements differ.

4. Select the coder (i.e., vocoder) that best suits your VoIP system

requirements. The default

coder is: G.7231 30 msec. To program the entire list of coders you

want the MP-1xx to use,

click the button on the left side of the ‘1st Coder’ field; the drop-down

list for the 2nd to 5th

coders appear. Select coders according to your system requirements.

Note that coders

higher on the list are preferred and take precedence over coders lower

on the list.

5. To program the Tel to IP Routing table, press the arrow button next

to ‘Tel to IP Routing

Table’. For information on how to configure the Tel to IP Routing table,

6. To program the Endpoint Phone Number table, press the arrow

button next to ‘Endpoint

Phone Numbers’. For information on how to configure the Endpoint

Phone Number table,

7. Click the Reset button and click OK in the prompt; The MP-1xx

applies the changes and

restarts. This takes approximately 1 minute to complete. When the MP-

1xx has finished

restarting, the Ready and LAN LEDs on the front panel are lit green.

You are now ready to start using the VoIP gateway. To prevent

unauthorized access to the MP-

1xx, it is recommended that you change the username and password

that are used to access the

.

MP-1xx H.323

to IP Routing Table

The Tel to IP Routing Table is used to route incoming Tel calls to IP

addresses. This routing table

associates a called / calling telephone number’s prefixes with a

destination IP address or with an

FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name). When a call is routed through

the VoIP gateway

(Gatekeeper isn’t used), the called and calling numbers are compared

to the list of prefixes on the

IP Routing Table (up to 50 prefixes can be configured); Calls that

match these prefixes are sent

to the corresponding IP address. If the number dialed does not match

these prefixes, the call is

not made.

When using a Gatekeeper, you do not need to configure the Tel to IP

Routing Table. However, if

you want to use fallback routing when communication with

Gatekeepers is lost, or to use the

‘Filter Calls to IP’ and ‘IP Security’ features or to assign IP profiles, you

need to configure the IP

Routing Table.

Note that for the Tel to IP Routing table to take precedence over a

Gatekeeper for routing calls,

set the parameter ‘PreferRouteTable’ to 1. The gateway checks the

'Destination IP Address' field

in the 'Tel to IP Routing' table for a match with the outgoing call. Only if

a match is not found, a

Gatekeeper is used.

Possible uses for Tel to IP Routing can be as follows:

• Can fallback to internal routing table if there is no communication

with the Gatekeepers.

• Call Restriction – (when Gatekeeper isn’t used), reject all outgoing

Tel IP calls that are

associated with the destination IP address: 0.0.0.0.

• IP Security – When the IP Security feature is enabled

(SecureCallFromIP = 1), the VoIP

gateway accepts only those IP Tel calls with a source IP address

identical to one of the IP

addresses entered in the Tel to IP Routing Table.

• Filter Calls to IP – When a Gatekeeper is used, the gateway checks

the Tel IP routing table

before a telephone number is routed to the Gatekeeper. If the number

is not allowed (number

isn’t listed or a Call Restriction routing rule was applied), the call is

released.

• Assign Profiles to destination address (also when a Gatekeeper is

used).

• Alternative Routing – (When Gatekeeper isn’t used) an alternative IP

destination for

telephone number prefixes is available. To associate an alternative IP

address to called

telephone number prefix, assign it with an additional entry (with a

different IP address), or

use an FQDN that resolves to two IP addresses. Call is sent to the

alternative destination

when one of the following occurs:

No ping to the initial destination is available, or when poor QoS (delay

or packet loss,

calculated according to previous calls) is detected, or when a DNS host

name is not

resolved. For detailed information on Alternative Routing, refer to

Section 8.4 on page

When a release reason that is defined in the ‘Reasons for Alternative

Tel to IP Routing’

table is received. For detailed information on the ‘Reasons for

Alternative Routing

Tables’

Tip: Tel to IP routing can be performed either before or after applying

the number

manipulation rules. To control when number manipulation is done, set

the

‘Tel to IP Routing Mode’ parameter

To configure the Tel to IP Routing table, take these 6 steps:

1. Open the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ screen (Protocol Management menu

> Routing Tables

submenu > Tel to IP Routing option); the ‘Tel to IP Routing’ screen is

displayed .

2. In the ‘Tel to IP Routing Mode’ field, select the Tel to IP routing

mode

3. In the ‘Routing Index' drop-down list, select the range of entries that

you want to edit.

4. Configure the Tel to IP Routing table according to

5. Click the Submit button to save your changes.

6. To save the changes so they are available after a power fail refer to

Section

BIBLIOGRAPHY

This project is prepared by me with help of following :

Team members Company magazine Manuals of the equipments Some websites etc.

CONTENTS

1. Introduction to the company

2. Introduction to VPN

3. Link installation

4. Firepro wireless modems

5. Airspan modems

6. Radwin modems

7. Routers

8. Video confrensing

9. Voip phones

10.Firewall