PROJECT MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION

The word ‘project’ came from the Latin

word projectum from the Latin verb

proicese (to throw something forwards)

which in turn comes from ‘pro’ which

denote something that proceeds the

action of the next part of the word.

PROJECT

A project is a combination of interrelated

activities with well defined objectives to

be completed in a specific time period.

Project is something special which is

different from routine and regular

activities

DEFINITIONS

According to Harrison, “ Project is a non

routine, non repetitive, one-off

undertaking, with well defined time,

financial and technical performance

goal;”

According to Project Management

Institute (PMI), “Project can be defined

as a temporary endeavor undertaken to

accomplish a unique objective at goal.”

EXAMPLES OF PROJECT

Construction of a house.

Writing a book.

Building a dam.

Introducing a new product in the market.

Construction of a new bridge over a

river.

A Politician contesting an election.

Organizing a seminar.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

PROJECT AND REGULAR

OPERATIONSProject Regular Operation

> One Time > Repetitive

> Use of wide variety > Limited Skills

of skills

> Use of special purpose > Equipments are

equipment for in continuous use

short duration

> No revenue during > Revenues are there

Project stage

CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT

Well defined objectives

Uniqueness (Non-routine activity)

Complexity (Demands team work)

Life cycle

Risk and uncertainty

Change (In response to environment)

Non Recurring

Duration of activities uncertain

Completion deadline

CHARACTERISTICS OF

PROJECT(contd.)

Involves resources

Optimality

Multidisciplinary & Interdependencies

Forecasting

Definite time limit

Team work

Conflict for resources

A separate disposable team

Performance measurement

TAXONOMY OF

PROJECTSBased on the type of activity

Based on the location of the project

Based on the completion time

Based on ownership

Based on size

Based on need

TYPES OF PROJECTS

Construction projects

Research projects

Reengineering projects

Procurement projects

Business implementation projects

Miscellaneous types

PROJECT FAMILY TREE

Plan

Programme

Project

Work Package

Task

Activity

Pro

ject

Man

agem

ent P

roject M

anag

emen

tMANAGEMENT

Knowledge, skills, tools and techniques

PROJECT ACTIVITIES

Conception, design, Implementation, Commissioning

SUCCESSFUL PROJECT

Within planned time, resource, scope and quality

CATEGORIES OF PROJECTProject

InternationalNational

IndustrialNon-Industrial

Low

Technology

Conventional

Technology

High

Technology

Non Conventional

/R&D

MiniMediumMajorMega

ModificationExpansionGrass root

DisasterCrashNormal

INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

Meaning : Project management is a system of procedures, practices, technologies and know how that enables the planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling of project activities to successfully manage a project.

It may be described as planning ,organizing, staffing ,directing and controlling some part of the organization for relatively short period of time to achieve the project objectives with in laid down constraints

DEFINITIONIt is defined as “The application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirement.”

“ Project Management is the art of directingand coordinating human and materialresources throughout life of a project byusing modern management techniques toachieve pre-determined objectives of scope ,cost , time, quality to the equal satisfaction ofthose involved.”

-Project mgt inst of USA

WHY PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Interdependency and complexity

Sharing of Resources

Size of Project

Importance of the Project

Changes in the market

3 Ws OF PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

What : Scientific application of modern techniques and tools.

Whom : In planning, financing, implementing, monitoring, controlling and coordinating unique activities of project

Why : To produce desirable outputs in accordance with predetermined objectives within constrains of time and cost.

THE SCOPE TRIANGLE

Resources

Project scope and

quality

PROJECT PARAMETERS

Defining project scope

Defining quality

Managing time

Managing cost

Managing resources

IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

Increasing size and complexity of projects

Increasing importance of financial controls

Urgency of early completion

Growing amount of statutory regulations

Increased sophistication of technology

Inability of managers and architects to manage the things

Shortening of product life cycle

Global competition

Cost control

Explosion of knowledge

Focus on customers

BENEFITS OF PROJECT

MANAGEMENT

Clear description of work to be performed

Responsibilities and assessment of tasks

Time limit for task completion

Measurement of accomplishment against plans is possible

Problems are exposed in advance allowing corrective action

Objective that cannot be met are identified early

ELEMENTS OF A SUCCESSFUL

PROJECT

Has been finished on time.

Is within its cost budget.

Performs to technical/performance

standards which satisfies the end user.