ProhibitionProhibition

19th Century Background 19th Century Background for Prohibitionfor Prohibition

Second Great Second Great Awakening sought to Awakening sought to remake society in God's remake society in God's image. image.

This sentiment extended This sentiment extended to civic life with the to civic life with the formation of thousands formation of thousands of Temperance societies. of Temperance societies.

Successful in reducing Successful in reducing consumption and consumption and encouraging stricter encouraging stricter state regulation of state regulation of alcohol. alcohol.

Lyman Beecher was a famous Lyman Beecher was a famous social activist of the day who social activist of the day who was particularly concerned was particularly concerned about the negative impact of about the negative impact of alcohol on society.alcohol on society.

Temperance CartoonsTemperance Cartoons

In the 1850 engraving, "The Drunkard's Home," a cowering family in a squalid home is subjected to the whims of a brutal patriarch.By contrast, the 1850 engraving, "The Temperance Home," depicts a scene of domestic harmony, order, affection, and material comfort.

Temperance CartoonsTemperance Cartoons

The pair of 1855 illustrations, "Tree of Temperance" and "Tree of Intemperance," are rich with symbolic and literal depictions of the consequences of each lifestyle.

The Women’s Christian The Women’s Christian Temperance UnionTemperance Union

The WCTU fought for The WCTU fought for prohibition and prohibition and progressive reform. progressive reform.

Frances Willard was Frances Willard was the national president the national president of the union from of the union from 1879 to 1898.1879 to 1898.

Focused on suffrage, Focused on suffrage, the 8-hour work day, the 8-hour work day, prison reform, and prison reform, and the Social Gospel. the Social Gospel.

The Anti-Saloon LeagueThe Anti-Saloon League The Anti-Saloon The Anti-Saloon

League focused only League focused only on the legal on the legal prohibition of prohibition of alcoholic beverages. alcoholic beverages.

Developed modern Developed modern lobbying techniques.lobbying techniques.

Printed anti-drinking Printed anti-drinking brochures, appealed brochures, appealed to church members to church members for support, and for support, and lobbied both lobbied both lawmakers and lawmakers and businessmen. businessmen.

Members of the Anti-Saloon League meet in Chicago.

Carrie Nation: The Saloon Carrie Nation: The Saloon SmasherSmasher

Member of the Women's Member of the Women's Christian Temperance Christian Temperance Union.Union.

Known for bursting into Known for bursting into barrooms, wielding a barrooms, wielding a hatchet or hammer, and hatchet or hammer, and smashing the saloon. smashing the saloon.

Between 1900 and 1910, Between 1900 and 1910, Nation was arrested some Nation was arrested some thirty times for her thirty times for her aggressive tactics. aggressive tactics.

The Volstead Act The Volstead Act The 18th Amendment The 18th Amendment

was ratified in 1919 and was ratified in 1919 and took effect in 1920. took effect in 1920.

The Volstead Act The Volstead Act clarified the new rules clarified the new rules surrounding prohibition. surrounding prohibition.

President Wilson vetoed President Wilson vetoed the Volstead Act on the Volstead Act on constitutional grounds. constitutional grounds.

His veto was overridden His veto was overridden by Congress. by Congress.

Special stamps were required for medicinal liquors under the Volstead Act.

"A Noble Experiment" "A Noble Experiment" The sale, transport, The sale, transport,

and consumption of and consumption of intoxicating intoxicating beverages became beverages became illegal.illegal.

Many law-abiding Many law-abiding Americans defied the Americans defied the regulations.regulations.

The black market for The black market for alcohol was a boon alcohol was a boon for organized crime.for organized crime.

Detroit police discover a clandestine still

The 21st Amendment The 21st Amendment Prohibition was Prohibition was

unenforceable. unenforceable. Many deaths occurred Many deaths occurred

from bootleg liquor.from bootleg liquor. Political corruption Political corruption

increased.increased. Smuggling grew out of Smuggling grew out of

control. control. During the Depression During the Depression

the potential jobs and the potential jobs and tax revenue from the tax revenue from the legalization of liquor legalization of liquor increasingly attractive increasingly attractive to struggling to struggling Americans. Americans. Thus, in 1933, the noble Thus, in 1933, the noble

experiment of experiment of Prohibition came to a Prohibition came to a close with the close with the ratification of the 21st ratification of the 21st AmendmentAmendment

Multimedia CitationsMultimedia Citations Slide 2: http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/images/155.jpgSlide 2: http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/images/155.jpg Slide 3: "The Drunkard's Home" cartoon: Slide 3: "The Drunkard's Home" cartoon: http://http://

www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/sentimnt/snesjccat.htmlwww.iath.virginia.edu/utc/sentimnt/snesjccat.html"The Temperance Home" cartoon: "The Temperance Home" cartoon: http://www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/sentimnt/snesejeat.htmlhttp://www.iath.virginia.edu/utc/sentimnt/snesejeat.html

Slide 4: "Tree of Intemperance" cartoon": Slide 4: "Tree of Intemperance" cartoon": http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMhttp://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(cph+3a16876))BER+@1(cph+3a16876))

"Tree of Temperance" cartoon: "Tree of Temperance" cartoon: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMhttp://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/h?pp/PPALL:@field(NUMBER+@1(cph+3b02442))BER+@1(cph+3b02442))

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http://homicide.northwestern.edu/timeline/1909/large/22.jpghttp://homicide.northwestern.edu/timeline/1909/large/22.jpg Slide 7: http://www.kshs.org/cool/graphics/carrypostrlg.jpg Slide 7: http://www.kshs.org/cool/graphics/carrypostrlg.jpg Slide 8: http://www.bottlebooks.com/american%20medicinalSlide 8: http://www.bottlebooks.com/american%20medicinal

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