Programs, Plans and Perspectives Cita M. Furlani, Director, Information Technology Laboratory March 17, 2011

Programs, Plans and Perspectives

Cita M. Furlani, Director, Information Technology Laboratory

March 17, 2011

NIST Mission and Programs

NIST Laboratories• Create critical measurement solutions and promote

equitable standards to stimulate innovation, foster industrial competitiveness, and improve the quality of life.

Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership• Nationwide network of resources helping smaller

manufacturers compete globally

Baldrige Performance Excellence Program• Promoting and recognizing performance excellence via

information and Presidential awards in manufacturing, service, small business, education, health care, and the

nonprofit sector

Technology Innovation Program• Supports development of cutting edge technologies by the

private sector and universities to address critical national needs and key societal challenges

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“To promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science,

standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life”

NIST is the nation’s innovation agency

NIST: Basic Stats and Facts

•Major assets ~ 2800 federal employees

~ 2600 associates and facilities users/year

~ 1600 field staff in partner organizations (Manufacturing Extension Partnership)

Two main locations, MD and CO

Four collaborative Institutes (basic physics, biotech, quantum, marine)

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eFY 2010 Appropriations $862 M

Scientific and Tech-nical Research Ser-vicesIndustrial Technology ServicesConstruction of Research Facilities

$520 M

$147 M

$195 M

NIST has… … two main campuses

Boulder, CO

Gaithersburg, MD

Courtesy HDR Architecture, Inc./Steve Hall © Hedrich Blessing

©Geoffrey Wheeler

University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute

JILANIST + University of Colorado

NIST has… ...four joint institutes

Hollings Marine LaboratoryNIST + NOAA + South Carolina

+ College of Charleston + Medical University of South

Carolina

Joint Quantum InstituteNIST + University of Maryland + NSA

NIST Organization

Measurement Science

Physical Measurement Laboratory• Fundamental units • Applied measurements• Calibrations• Metric program• State weights & measures

programs

Material Measurement Laboratory• Material composition & properties• Validated methods & data• Standard reference materials• Laboratory accreditation

Technology Standards

Information Technology Laboratory• Cybersecurity • Cloud computing• Identity management• Computer forensics• Wireless• Health IT

Engineering Laboratory• Building technologies• Fire research• Smart Grid & energy technology• Advanced manufacturing

technology

Unique Measurement Capability – National Facilities

Center for Nanoscale Science & Technology

• Collaborative research & shared-access nanofabrication facility

• Established 2007• Large & growing

industrial use base

Center for Neutron Research

• Most productive & efficient neutron scattering facility in US

• Unique probe of atomic & molecular structure/dynamics

• Accounts for over 2/3 of neutron research in US

Information Technology Lab Mission

To promote US innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing

measurement science, standards, and technology

through research and development in

information technology, mathematics, and statistics.

ITL Core Competencies

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Mathematical and Statistical Analyses for Measurement Science

Modeling and Simulation for Measurement Science

IT Standards Development and Deployment

Customers

Academia

Industry

Govt

Consortia

NIST addressing critical national needs – Interoperability

• Cyber Security• Cloud Computing• Complex Information Systems

• Foundations of Measurement Science for Information Systems

• Public Safety Communications Systems

• Smart Grid• Health Information Technology

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Use experiment design theory to reduceparameter combinations to 256

Use sensitivity analysisto identity six mostsignificant parameters

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Discard parameters not germane to study – reduce by 944 parameters

O(109633) [ 1080 = atoms in visible universe]

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(232)20 O(10192)

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Parameter Reduction

OrthogonalFractional-Factorial(OFF) ExperimentDesign 26-1 32

Group related remaining parameters– reduce by 36 parameters

Select only 2 values for each parameter

Use experiment design theory again to reduceparameter combinations to 32

Level Reduction

SensitivityAnalysis

OFFExperimentDesign

NIST addressing critical national needs – Cyber Security

• Scalable cybersecurity for emerging technologies and threats

Improved cryptographic capabilities

Stronger assurance of online user identities

Easier-to-use security mechanisms

Increased use of security automation technology

Security measurement for large-scale systems

Secure adoption of emerging virtual technologies

Critical infrastructure testbed development

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NIST addressing critical national needs – Cloud Computing

• Accelerate the federal government’s secure adoption of cloud computing Build a USG Cloud Computing Standards Roadmap

which focuses on the highest priority USG cloud computing security, interoperability and portability requirements

Lead efforts to develop standards and guidelines in close consultation and collaboration with standards bodies, the private sector, and other stakeholders

• Accomplishments Final Guide to Security for Full Virtualization

Technologies, January 2011 DRAFT Guidelines on Security and Privacy Issues in

Public Cloud Computing, January 2011 DRAFT NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, January

2011 DRAFT NIST Cloud Computing Synopsis &

Recommendations, March 2011

NIST addressing critical national needs – Complex Information Systems

• Goal: Define a systematic method to measure, understand, predict and control macroscopic behavior in complex information systems, e.g., Internet and Clouds

• Leverage modeling and analysis techniques used by NIST scientists to study large physical systems

• Interdisciplinary Team of computer scientists, statisticians, mathematicians and information visualization experts

• Combination of methods – scale reduction methods – orthogonal fractional factorial experiment

design – sensitivity analysis– multidimensional data analysis techniques

• NIST Special Publication 500-282: Study of Proposed Internet Congestion Control Mechanisms

• Currently conducting a study of resource allocation algorithms for Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Clouds

Use experiment design theory to reduceparameter combinations to 256

Use sensitivity analysisto identity six mostsignificant parameters

(232)1000

220

220-12

Discard parameters not germane to study – reduce by 944 parameters

O(109633) [ 1080 = atoms in visible universe]

(232)56 O(10539)

(232)20 O(10192)

O(106)

256

Parameter Reduction

OrthogonalFractional-Factorial(OFF) ExperimentDesign 26-1 32

Group related remaining parameters– reduce by 36 parameters

Select only 2 values for each parameter

Use experiment design theory again to reduceparameter combinations to 32

Level Reduction

SensitivityAnalysis

OFFExperimentDesign

INTERNET

DEMAND LAYER

SUPPLY LAYER

VM BEHAVIOR

LAYER

RESOURCE ALLOCATION

LAYER

User #1

User #2

User #n

User #3

User #4

User #5

User #6

User #n-3

User #n-2

User #n-1

CLOUD CONTROLLER

Cluster Controller #1

Cluster Controller #c

NODE CONTROLLER #k

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #k-1

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #k-2

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #3



NODE RESOURCES

NODE CONTROLLER #p

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #p-1

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #p-2




NODE RESOURCES

NODE CONTROLLER #q

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #q-1

NODE RESOURCESNODE CONTROLLER #q-2




NODE RESOURCES

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VMs Shown forOne Node Only

VMs Shown forOne Node Only

VMs Shown forOne Node OnlyVM1VM1VM1VM1 VM1

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Cluster Controller #c-m

NIST addressing critical national needs – Foundations of Measurement Science for Information Systems• Develop metrics for assessing critical properties of information systems that can be used to both design more reliable and secure systems, as well as to enable effective real-time control of deployed systems. Macro-scale structure and

dynamics of large-scale interconnected systems

Identify and characterize fundamental measurable properties of complex information systems that are indicators of the systems' inherent level of security and reliability

Complex Networks Data Sets

NIST addressing critical national needs – Public Safety Communications

• Goal: To expedite the development of standards for public safety communications Provide the public safety community with a better

understanding of what to expect from new and emerging networking technologies

Accelerate the standardization and utilization of such technologies

• Technical Approaches Conduct measurements to assess radio

performance Devise mathematical, simulation tools and

modeling techniques to accurately characterize network protocol and system performance

• Major Accomplishments Developed a modeling and simulation platform for

evaluating the use of Long Term Evolution technologies in support of public safety communications

Developed simulation, testing, and protocol validation tools for select Project 25 standard specifications

NIST addressing critical national needs – Smart Grid Interoperability

• Working collaboratively, develop a framework and measurement tools for interoperability of Smart Grid devices and systems. Foundational Smart Grid

Standards Cyber Security for Smart Grid Networking Standards for Smart

Grid Electric Power Metrology and

the Smart Grid

NIST addressing critical national needs – Health IT

• Standards for National Priority Critical Infrastructures: Health Information Technology Support progress toward a nationwide

healthcare information infrastructure by

Developing and harmonizing usable standards for health IT technologies

Creating a health IT technology testing infrastructure

• Biomedical Measurements to Support Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Develop the measurement science

and reference materials to improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and efficacy of measurements used in medical diagnostics and imaging

Develop the measurement science and standards to support manufacturing and regulatory approval of biologic drugs

Image: Shutterstock, ©Konstantin Sutyagin

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Programs, Plans and Perspectives Cita M. Furlani, Director, Information Technology Laboratory March 17, 2011