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International conference

Rural transformations and food systems: The BRICS and agrarian change in the global South 20 – 21 April 2015 School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape Cape Town

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International Conference: Rural transformations and food systems: The BRICS and agrarian change in the global South Published by: BRICS Initiative for Critical Agrarian Studies (BICAS) in collaboration with: Universidade de Brasilia Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Brasília – DF 70910-900 Brazil Tel: +55 61 3107-3300 E-mail: sauer@unb.br Website: http://www.unb.br/

Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Rua Quirino de Andrade, 215 São Paulo - SP 01049010 Brazil Tel: +55-11-5627-0233 E-mail: bernardo@ippri.unesp.br Website: www.unesp.br

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Av. Paulo Gama, 110 - Bairro Farroupilha Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Tel: +55 51 3308-3281 E-mail: schneide@ufrgs.br Website: www.ufrgs.br/

Transnational Institute PO Box 14656 1001 LD Amsterdam The Netherlands Tel: +31 20 662 66 08 Fax: +31 20 675 71 76 E-mail: tni@tni.org Website: www.tni.org

Institute for Poverty, Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS) University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17 Bellville 7535, Cape Town South Africa Tel: +27 21 959 3733 Fax: +27 21 959 3732 E-mail: info@plaas.org.za Website: www.plaas.org.za

International Institute of Social Studies P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands Tel: +31 70 426 0460 Fax: +31 70 426 0799 E-mail: information@iss.nl Website: www.iss.nl

College of Humanities and Development Studies China Agricultural University No. 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road, Haidian District Beijing 100193 PR China Tel: +86 10 62731605 Fax: +86 10 62737725 E-mail: yejz@cau.edu.cn Website: cohd.cau.edu.cn/

Future Agricultures Consortium Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex Brighton BN1 9RE England Tel: +44 (0)1273 915670 E-mail: info@future-agricultures.org Website: www.future- agricultures.org

©April 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher and the author. Design: Rebecca Pointer Acknowledgements: This conference was made possible by generous support from the Open Society Foundation, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Austrian Development Cooperation, UKAID and the National Research Foundation of South Africa.

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Table of contents CONFERENCE DAY ONE: Monday 20th April ................................................................................................................. 1

CONFERENCE DAY TWO: Tuesday 21st April ................................................................................................................ 3

FOLLOW-UP MEETINGS: Wednesday 22nd April .......................................................................................................... 9

INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM: Wednesday 22nd April ................................................................................................ 7

20TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATORY EVENT: Wednesday 22nd April .............................................................................. 8

FIELD TRIP: Thursday 23rd April .................................................................................................................................... 8

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DAY ONE: Monday 20th April

8.00am Registration

Opening plenary Chair: Mafaniso Hara, PLAAS, South Africa

9.15am Welcome and opening Andries du Toit (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

9.30am Keynote addresses

1. Global agro-food system change and the role of the BRICS – Saturnino ‘Jun’ M. Borras Jr.

(International Institute for Social Studies, Netherlands) and Ben Cousins (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

2. Commercial farming and agribusiness in South Africa and their changing roles in Africa’s agro-food system – Ruth Hall and Ben Cousins (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

3. Brazil and Latin American agrarian transformations: a preliminary survey – Sergio Sauer (University of Brasilia, Brazil)

11am Tea/Coffee

11.30am Agrarian change in BRICS countries and its wider implications (plenary)

Chair: Sergio Sauer, University of Brasilia, Brasil

1. The blanket of the land, and coins that come and go: agrarian change and biopolitics in post-

apartheid South Africa – Andries du Toit (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa) 2. Bifurcation in agrarian structure in China – Ye Jingzhong (China Agricultural University, China) 3. Agriculture as an asset class: Financialisation of the South African farming sector – Antoine Ducastel

and Ward Anseeuw (CIRAD/University of Pretoria, South Africa) 4. Financialization in agribusiness: some notes from the Brazilian case - Moises Balestro (University of

Brasilia, Brazil) and Sergio Schneider (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)

1.00pm Lunch

2.00pm Agrarian change in BRICS countries and its wider implications (parallel panels)

Panel 1.1

Chair: Blessings Chinsinga, University of Malawi, Malawi

1. Commoditization and Agro-food Change in Rural China: Observations from a Village – Wu Huifang

(China Agricultural University, China) 2. ‘Inclusive business models’ and land reform in the South African citrus industry – Nerhene Davis

(University of Pretoria, South Africa)

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3. People-driven patterns of food provisioning: learning from what works in Tanzania – Marc Wegerif (Oxfam, Tanzania)

Panel 1.2

Chair: Gustavo Oliveira, University of California – Berkeley, USA/Brazil

1. Socio-economic and environmental changes in agro-extractivism value chains in Amazon and

cerrado biomes: an exploratory and comparative study – Janaina de Abreu Sa Diniz, Daniquele Andrade & Denise Barbosa-Silva (University of Brasilia, Brazil)

2. Exploring responsible innovation in the context of social inequality and planetary boundaries: lessons from agro-ecology in China, South Africa and Brazil – Laura Pereira (University of Cape Town, South Africa)

3. Native seeds: identity and territoriality at Rio Bonito rural settlement, Cavalcante, Goias, Brazil – Regina Coelly (University of Brasilia, Brazil)

4. Modern occupation and developments in the Cerrado: a case study in community of Buraquinos, Minas Gerais, Brazil – Thais Oliviera & Regina Coelly (University of Brasilia, Brazil)

3.30pm Tea and coffee break

3.45pm Dynamics in regional agro-food systems and value chains in Africa, Latin America and South-east Asia (parallel panels)

Panel 2.1

Chair: Ye Jingzhong, China Agricultural University, China

1. BRICS and MICs in Bolivia’s ‘value’-chain agriculture – Ben McKay (International Institute of

Social Studies, Netherlands) 2. The political economy of boom crops inside China: causes and conditions, consequences and

constraints – Liu Juan (College of Humanities and Social Development, Northwest A&F University, China), Wang Chunyu, Hu Zhen, Ye Jingzhong (China Agricultural University), Saturnino M. Borras Jr. (International Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands) and Jennifer C. Franco, Transnational Institute (Transnational Institute, Netherlands)

3. Regional fish trade in Africa: potential for food security and inland fisheries management benefits – Mafaniso Hara (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

Panel 2.2

Chair: Marc Wegerif, Oxfam, Tanzania

1. The logic of accumulation in Southern African sugar production – Alex Dubb (PLAAS, University

of the Western Cape, South Africa) 2. Sugarcane outgrowers and foreign capital in contemporary Tanzania – Emmanuel Sulle (PLAAS,

University of the Western Cape, South Africa) 3. “Don’t stop the mill”: South African sugar business, agrarian change and outgrowers’ schemes in

the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania – Giuliano Martiniello (Makerere University, Uganda)

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DAY TWO: Tuesday 21st April

8am: Registration

9am: Keynote addresses (plenary) Chair: Zoe Brent, ISS / FoodFirst, Netherlands / USA

1. Food regime analysis: expansions - and contractions? – Henry Bernstein (School of Oriental and

African Studies, UK) 2. Chinese agro-investment in South-east Asia – Saturnino M. Borras Jr. (International Institute for Social

Studies, Netherlands) 3. Brazil and China in African agriculture - Ian Scoones (Institute of Development Studies, University of

Sussex, UK)

10.30am Tea/Coffee

11am BRICS countries and regional agro-food systems (parallel panels)

Panel 3.1

Chair: Sergio Chichava, Instituto de Estudos Sociais e Económicos, Mozambique

1. Patterns of development at a crossroad: the political economy of the agricultural partnership

between Brazil and Mozambique – Daniela Andrade (International Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands)

2. Resistance to ProSavanna in Mozambique – Clemente Ntauazi (Accao Academica para o Desenvolvimento das Comunidades Rurais / Academic Action for the Development of Rural Communities (ADECRU), Mozambique) and Mateus Santos (La Via Campesina, Mozambique)

3. Questioning the global rise of Brazilian agroindustry: new evidence from Latin America – Lee Mackey (University of California, Los Angeles)

Panel 3.2

Chair: Emmanuel Sulle, PLAAS, South Africa

1. South African capital in regional agrarian economies: the case of Zambia – Toby Moorsom (Carleton

University, Canada) 2. Zambia’s investment environment and land grabbing: the case of Mpongwe – Jesinta Kunda and

Dimuna Phiri (Zambia Land Alliance, Zambia) 3. The Implications of the Mobility of South African Capital for Rural Youth in Africa: The Case of Zambia

Sugar – Cyriaque Hakizimana (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa) 4. Researching social differentiation among small farmers in South Africa: some observations and

questions about methodology – Donna Hornby and Farai Mtero (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

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1.00pm Lunch

2.00pm BRICS in relation to old and new hubs of global capital (parallel panels)

Panel 4.1

Chair: Janaina de Abreu Sa Deniz, University of Brasilia, Brazil

1. Chinese and other foreign investments in Brazilian soybean agribusiness – Gustavo Oliveira

(University of California – Berkeley, USA) 2. Which territorial embeddedness? Territorial relationships of recently internationalized firms of the

MICs agricultural sector – Clara Craviotti (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina)

3. Changing dynamics of Chinese investment: New and old actors in the context of an increasingly financialized global food supply chain – Zoe Brent (Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands / FoodFirst, USA)

4. The supermarket revolution: gauging the transformation of food retail in the Southern African region – Melodie Campbell (City of Cape Town / PLAAS, University of the Western Cape, South Africa)

Panel 4.2

Chair: Wu Huifang, China Agricultural University, China

1. The BRICS phenomenon: From Regional Economic Leaders to Global Political Players – Laurence Piper

(Political Studies, University of the Western Cape, South Africa) 2. The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa and the occupation of the Guinea Savannah – Stephen

Greenberg (PLAAS, University of the Western Cape / African Centre for Biosafety, South Africa) 3. Bilateral relations and compared development trajectories of Brazil and China – Fabiano Escher,

Sergio Schneider (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) & Ye Jingzhong (China Agricultural University, China)

4. Targeting southeast Asian land: The drivers and impacts of Chinese-led agricultural investment – Elyse Mills (Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands)

3.30pm Tea/coffee

4.00pm Plenary Moderator: Ian Scoones, Institute of Development Studies, UK

Roundtable: Civil society perspectives on research, mobilisation and advocacy in the context of agro-food transformations and agrarian change in the global South

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Panelists:

Monique Salomon (Tshintsha Amakhaya, South Africa)

Jesinta Kunda (Zambia Land Alliance)

Marc Wegerif (Oxfam, Tanzania)

Mateus Santos (La Via Campesina, Mozambique)

Stephen Greenberg (African Centre for Biosafety, South Africa)

5.00pm Closing

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DAY THREE: Wednesday 22 April 2015

Follow-up meetings Venue: PLAAS Boardroom, Main Hall Building, University of the Western Cape

9.00 – 11.00 African research and action agenda on agro-food transformations

Meeting of African civil society and research collaborators to discuss a joint programme of research and activism on agro-food transformation

11.30 – 13.00 Meeting of BICAS core organising group

Meeting of BICAS core organising group to discuss and confirm a way forward for cross-regional partnerships, BICAS working paper series, BICAS programme of work and events

International Symposium Venue: School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape

14.00 – 18.00 International Symposium: Agrarian Change in the 21st Century: Processes and Politics (see detailed programme on next page)

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2pm: Welcome: Andries du Toit (PLAAS, University of Western Cape)

2.05pm – 3-30pm: Keynote speakers

Chair: Mafa Hara (PLAAS, University of Western Cape) Speakers for 20 mins each

followed by open discussion

Africa: Patricia Kameri-Mbote (University of Nairobi, Kenya) South East Asia: Jun Borras (Institute for Social Studies, Netherlands) Latin America: Sergio Schneider (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)

3.30 – 3.50pm: Tea/coffee

3.50pm – 4.50pm: Roundtable 1: “Processes of agrarian change and their wider implications”

Chair: Ben Cousins (PLAAS, University of Western Cape) Speakers begin by saying

something for 8-10 mins each followed by roundtable discussion and audience

participation

Pauline Peters (Harvard University, USA), Ye Jingzhong (Chinese Agricultural University, China) Ian Scoones (Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK)

4.50pm – 5.50pm: Roundtable 2: “The politics of agrarian change in the 21st century”

Chair: Moenieba Isaacs (PLAAS, University of Western Cape) Speakers begin by saying

something for 8-10 mins each followed by roundtable discussion and audience

participation

Sergio Sauer (University of Brasilia, Brazil), Bridget O’Laughlin (Institute for Social Studies, Netherlands) Henry Bernstein (University of London, UK)

INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM

AGRARIAN CHANGE

IN THE 21ST CENTURY:

PROCESSES AND POLITICS School of Public Health Wednesday 22 April 2015 2pm–6pm

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5.50pm – 6.00pm: Summing up remarks: Ruth Hall (PLAAS, University of Western Cape)

6.00 – 6.30pm : Arrival to Cocktails / Juices

Music (UWC Jazz Combo)

6.30pm : Welcome – Moenieba Isaacs (MC)

6.35pm : Address – Prof Tyrone Pretorius, UWC Rector: UWC’s mission

6.40pm : Address – Andries du Toit: PLAAS and agrarian matters

6.50pm : Connie Mogale, Nozala Trust

Naseegh Jaffer, Masifundise Trust

7.00pm : Ian Scoones, IDS, University of Sussex

7.10pm : Musical item:

UWC Chamber Choir

7.15 – 7.30pm : Light Dinner / Drinks

Music (UWC Jazz Combo)

20TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATORY EVENT School of Public Health Wednesday 22 April 2015 6pm–8pm

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DAY FOUR: Thursday 23 April 2015

Field trip Please note: due to transport constraints only those participants who have already

registered can attend the field trip.

8.15 Pick up at Protea Hotel, Mowbray 9.00 – 11.00 Philippi Horticultural Area

Meet with small-scale farmers producing horticultural crops for local markets and supermarkets, to discuss land tenure, production and corporate-dominated value chains

12.00 – 14.00 Women on Farms Project, Stellenbosch

Meet with NGO activists and women farm workers to discuss farm job losses, evictions, casualization, labour brokering, and mobilisation and collection action strategies in response. Visit informal settlement of evicted farm workers to discuss realities of off-farm living and demands of residents.

15.00 – 17.00 Solms Delta wine farm, Franschhoek

Visit Museum van de Caab documenting the history of slavery on Cape farms and early settlement on this farm, meet with farm worker leader and CEO of a joint venture between estate owner and farm workers, and tour the farm and farm worker settlement.

18.00 Drop off at Protea Hotel, Mowbray

international conference

The BRICS Initiative for Critical Agrarian Studies (BICAS) is collaborating with several initiatives and institutions to hold an international conference with an African focus, with emphasis on transformations in food systems and implications for policy responses. The conference builds on the growing body of research

in the area of critical agrarian studies, including the literature on land grabs promoted by the Land Deal Politics Initiative (LDPI).

www.plaas.org.za/bicas

Acknowledgements This conference was made possible by generous support from the Open Society Foundation, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Austrian Development Cooperation, UKAID and the National Research Foundation of South Africa.