Production Machinery Feed Pellet Mill Methods of Test · 2020. 6. 8. · feed pellet mill. They shall abide with the terms and conditions set forth by the official testing agency

Production Machinery – Feed Pellet Mill – Methods of Test

PNS/BAFS PABES____:2019 ICS 65.060.99

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL

STANDARD

BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES STANDARDS BPI Compound Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines Trunkline: (632) 928-8741 to 64 loc. 3301-3319 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.bafs.da.gov.ph

Contents

Foreword ....................................................................................................................... iii

1 Scope .................................................................................................................... 1

2 Normative references ............................................................................................ 1

3 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................ 1

4 General Conditions for Test .................................................................................... 2

5 Test Preparation ..................................................................................................... 3

6 Pre-Test Observation ............................................................................................. 4

7 Performance Test ................................................................................................... 4

8 Laboratory Analysis ................................................................................................ 5

9 Presentation of Results........................................................................................... 5

10 Formula .................................................................................................................. 6

11 Test Report ............................................................................................................. 6

Annex A ........................................................................................................................ 7

Annex B ........................................................................................................................ 8

Annex C ...................................................................................................................... 12

Annex D ...................................................................................................................... 13

Annex E ...................................................................................................................... 16

Annex F ...................................................................................................................... 19

Annex G ...................................................................................................................... 23

Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 25

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS PABES ____:2019

Foreword The formulation of this national standard was initiated by University of the Philippines

Los Baños – Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center (UPLB – AMTEC)

through the project “Testing and Evaluation of Machinery Generated from PCAARRD-

funded Projects” funded by the Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural

Resources Research and Development – Department of Science and Technology

(PCAARRD – DOST). This is in collaboration with the Bureau of Agriculture and

Fisheries Standards (BAFS). This covers the development of PNS for Feed Pellet Mill.

This Standard has been technically prepared in accordance with International

Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC)

Directives Part 2, 8th Edition - Principles and rules for the structure and drafting of ISO

and IEC documents.

The word “shall” is used to indicate mandatory requirements to conform to the

standard.

The word “should” is used to indicate that among several possibilities one is

recommended as particularly suitable without mentioning or excluding others.

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD PNS/BAFS PABES ___:2019

Production Machinery – Feed Pellet Mill – Methods of Test

1 Scope This standard specifies the methods of test and inspection for feed pellet mill used to produce feed pellets for livestock, poultry and aquaculture. Specifically, it shall be used to: 1.1 verify the mechanism, main dimensions, materials, accessories of the feed pellet mill and the list of specifications submitted by the manufacturer; 1.2 determine the performance of the machine; 1.3 evaluate the ease of handling and safety features; 1.4 analyze the pellets produced through laboratory analysis; and 1.5 report the results of the tests. 2 Normative References The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. PAES 103:2000, Agricultural Machinery – Method of Sampling PNS/BAFS PABES ---:2019, Production Machinery – Feed Pellet Mill – Specifications 3 Terms and Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in PNS/BAFS PABES_________:2019 and the following shall apply. 3.1 die L/D ratio ratio of the effective die hole length to the die hole diameter 3.2 overall height distance between the horizontal supporting plane surface and the horizontal plane touching the uppermost part of the feed pellet mill 3.3 overall length distance between the vertical planes at the right angles to the median plane of the feed pellet mill and touching its front and rear extremities

PNS/BAFS PABES _____:2019

2

3.4 overall width distance between the vertical planes parallel to the median plane of the machine, each plane touching the outermost point of the feed pellet mill on its respective side 3.5 prime mover used to run the feed pellet mill 3.6 running-in period preliminary operation of the machine to make various adjustments prior to the conduct of the test until the operation is stable 3.7 test applicant manufacturer, inventor, direct importer, or any legitimate distributor, dealer, or end-user of the machine 4 General Conditions for Test 4.1 Selection of feed pellet mill to be tested Feed pellet mill submitted for testing shall be sampled in accordance to PAES 103:2000 or any other suitable method of selection. 4.2 Role of the test applicant The test applicant shall submit specifications and other relevant information about the feed pellet mill. They shall abide with the terms and conditions set forth by the official testing agency. 4.3 Role of the representative of the test applicant An officially designated representative of the test applicant shall operate, demonstrate, adjust, repair as the case maybe and decide on matters related to the operation of the machine. 4.4 Test site conditions The feed pellet mill shall be tested and installed for normal operation. The site should have ample provisions for material handling, temporary storage, workspace and suitable for normal working condition. Adequate ventilation and lighting shall be provided in the area. 4.6 Suspension/Termination of test If during the test run, the machine stops due to breakdown or malfunction so as to affect the machine’s performance, the test may be suspended. If the machine will not be able to continue operation, the test shall be terminated.


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5 Test Preparation 5.1 Preparation of the feed pellet mill for testing The representative of the test applicant and testing agency shall check the feed pellet mill so as to ensure that the machine has been assembled and installed in accordance with the instruction of the manufacturer. The official testing agency will test the aquaculture feeder according to the specifications of the manufacturer. 5.2 Test instruments and other materials The suggested list of minimum field and laboratory test equipment and materials needed to carry out the feed pellet mill test is shown in Annex A. These instruments shall be calibrated regularly. Before and after each test, these instruments shall be physically checked for operation and shall be cleaned, respectively. A checklist of instruments and materials to be used before departure to and from the testing area shall be prepared. 5.3 Test materials The test applicant shall be responsible in providing the appropriate feed type, formulation and uniformity of particle size. Well mixed feed formula to be used shall have ingredients that are common or locally available. The amount of test material to be supplied shall be sufficient for the required test trials, running-in, and laboratory tests. Prepare the sample in such a way that test sample to be used for the running- in and in each test trial shall have identical characteristics in terms of formulation, particle size and moisture content. However, if the test materials are not conforming to the recommended quantity and characteristics, the test engineer shall not pursue the test. 5.4 Running-in and preliminary adjustments The feed pellet mill shall have undergone a running-in period before starting the test. During the running-in period, the various adjustments of the machine shall be made according to the recommendation of the manufacturer. 6 Pre-test observation 6.1 Verification of specifications The specifications claimed by the manufacturer and the physical details given in Annex B shall be verified by the testing agency. A stable and level surface shall be used as reference plane for verification of dimensional machine specifications when fully assembled and ready for use. 6.2 Test samples Representative test samples shall be collected by the testing agency from the test material for analysis. Sampling procedure is shown in Annex C.


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7 Performance test 7.1 Operation of the feed pellet mill The feed pellet mill shall be operated for sufficient duration with load at the test site by the official representative of the test applicant using the manufacturer’s recommended setting. The testing agency shall make all measurements, which form part of the test and take the prescribed samples. After the test run, the area shall be cleaned and then prepared for the next test trial. This procedure shall be repeated for the succeeding test trials. NOTE No other adjustments shall be permitted during the test. 7.2 Test Trials A minimum of three (3) test trials, with duration of at least fifteen (15) minutes per trial, shall be adopted. 7.3 Sampling Samples shall be collected at different outlets during each test trial. Sampling procedure is shown in Annex C. 7.4 Data collection 7.4.1 Duration of test The operating time shall start at the feeding of the feed mix into the hopper and shall end after the last discharge of the main products from the outlet. 7.4.2 Noise level 7.4.2.1 The sound emitted by the machine, with and without load, shall be measured using a sound level meter at the location of the operator/s), specifically the feeder and the collector of the feed pellets. The noise level, expressed in decibel [dB (A)], shall be measured 50 mm away from the ear level of the operator/s. 7.4.2.2 For each data to be taken, there shall be a minimum of five (5) observations. Before taking data, it should be ensured that the feed rate, speed, and other functional characteristics have stabilized. The time of recording shall be properly spaced during the whole duration of the test trial. 7.4.3 Power requirement/Fuel consumption 7.4.3.1 Using electric motor as prime mover Use a power meter to measure the voltage, current, and the total electric power requirement of the feed pellet mill. There shall be three (3) sets of data with a minimum of five (5) observations per set taken with and without load.


5

7.4.3.2 Using engine as prime mover To get the amount of fuel consumed, the tank shall be filled to full capacity before the test. After the test, fill the tank with measured fuel to the same level before the test. When filling up the fuel tank, careful attention shall be paid to keep it horizontal and do not leave empty space inside. There shall be three (3) sets of data with a minimum of five (5) observations per set taken with and without load. 7.4.4 Speed of components The speed of the rotating shafts of the major components of the feed pellet mill shall be taken using a tachometer with and without load. Requirements for each data to be taken shall conform to 7.4.2.2. 7.4.5 Data recording and observations Record sheet for all data and information during the test is given in Annex D. Observations to be taken during the performance test shall be recorded in this sheet. 8 Laboratory Analysis Laboratory analyses shall be made to determine the moisture content of the feed formula and the feed pellets, pellet diameter’s coefficient of variation and pelleting efficiency. The laboratory procedures for the different analyses are given in Annex E, while the data sheets to be used are given in Annex F. 9 Presentation of Results Machine specifications and the results of the test shall be presented in tabular form in which data shall be taken from Annexes B and D. A schematic diagram of the power transmission system shall also be included. Observations made on the machine while in operation shall be supported with photographs. 10 Formula The formula to be used during calculations and testing are given in Annex G. 11 Test Report The test report shall include the following information in the order given. 11.1 Name of Testing Agency

11.2 Test Report Number 11.3 Title


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11.4 Summary of Results 11.5 Purpose and Scope of Test 11.6 Methods of Test 11.7 Conditions of the Machine 11.8 Description of the Machine 11.9 Results and Discussions 11.10 Observations (include pictures) 11.11 Names and Signatures of Test Engineers


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Annex A (informative)

Minimum List of Field and Laboratory

Test Equipment and Materials

A.1 Equipment Quantity

A.1.1 Performance Test

A.1.1.1 Tachometer (contact type or photo electric type) 1

A.1.1.2 Timers Maximum resolution: 0.1 sec

2

A.1.1.3 Measuring tape (at least 5 m) 1

A.1.1.4 Sound level meter Range: 30 to 130 dB(A)

1

A.1.1.5 Weighing scale Minimum capacity: 100 kg Maximum scale divisions: 0.2 kg

1

A.1.1.6 Graduated cylinder (for engines) Capacity: 500 mL or Clamp-on type power meter (for electric motors)

1

A.1.1.7 Digital camera 1

A.1.2 Laboratory Test 1

A.1.2.1 Analytical balance Sensitivity: 0.01 g

1

A.1.2.2 Air oven 1

A.1.2.3 Aluminum moisture can 9

A.1.2.4 Desiccator 1

A.1.2.5 Vernier caliper Accuracy: 0.025 mm

1

A.1.2.6 Foot ruler 1

A.1.2.7 Circular pan 1

A.1.2.8 US Standard sieves

A.2 Materials

A.2.1 Sample bags

A.2.2 Labeling tags which include:

A.2.2.1 Date of test

A.2.2.2 Machine on test

A.2.2.3 Sample source

A.2.2.4 Variety

A.2.2.5 Trial number


8

Annex B

(informative)

Specifications of Feed Pellet Mill

Name of Applicant : ______________________________________________ Address : ______________________________________________ Tel. No. : ______________________________________________ Name of Manufacturer : ________________________________________ Address : ________________________________________ Tel. No. : ________________________________________ GENERAL INFORMATION Make : _____________________ Type : __________________ Serial No. : _____________________ Brand/Model : __________________ Date of Manufacture : _____________________________________________ Testing Agency : ________________ Test Engineer : ____________ Location of Test : ________________ Date of Test : __________________

Items to be inspected*

No. Items Manufacturer’s Specification

Verification by the Testing Agency

B.1 Main Structure

B.1.1 Overall dimensions (mm)

B.1.1.1 Length

B.1.1.2 Width

B.1.1.3 Height

B.1.2 Weight of machine without prime mover (kg)

B.2 Rated pelleting capacity (kg/hr)

B.3 Hopper

B.3.1 Material(s)

B.3.2 Dimensions (mm)

B.3.2.1 Length

B.3.2.2 Width

B.3.2.3 Height

B.3.3 Height from the ground

B.3.4 Angle of inclination

B.4 Feeder (if available)

B.4.1 Type

B.4.2 Overall length (mm)

B.4.3 Dimension of inlet opening (mm)

B.4.3.1 Length

B.4.3.2 Width


9

No. Items

Manufacturer’s Specification


B.4.4 Electric motor

B.4.4.1 Type

B.4.4.2 Brand

B.4.4.3 Model

B.4.4.4 Serial number

B.4.4.5 Make or manufacturer

B.4.4.6 Rated power (kW)

B.4.4.7 Rated speed (rpm)

B.4.4.8 Electrical service required (single phase or 3-phase)

B.4.4.9 Voltage (V)

B.4.4.10 Current (A)

B.4.4.11 Frequency (Hz)

B.5 Conditioner (if available)

B.5.1 Type

B.5.2 Material(s)

B.5.3 Dimensions (mm)

B.5.3.1 Length

B.5.3.2 Diameter/Width

B.5.4 Mixing device

B.5.4.1 Type

B.5.4.1 Material(s)

B.5.5 Electric motor

B.5.5.1 Type

B.5.5.2 Brand

B.5.5.3 Model

B.5.5.4 Serial number

B.5.5.5 Make or manufacturer

B.5.5.6 Rated power (kW)

B.5.5.7 Rated speed (rpm)

B.5.5.8 Electrical service required (single phase or 3-phase)

B.5.5.9 Voltage (V)

B.5.5.10 Current (A)

B.5.5.11 Frequency (Hz)

B.6 Pelleting chamber

B.6.1 Pellet mill type

B.6.2 Dimension, L × W × H (mm)

B.6.3 Roller

B.6.3.1 No. of roller(s)

B.6.3.2 Material(s)

B.6.3.3 Inner diameter (mm)


10

No. Items



B.6.3.4 Overall diameter (mm)

B.6.3.5 Width (mm)

B.6.3.6 Pattern or configuration

B.6.4 Barrel and screw

B.6.4.1 Barrel outer diameter (mm)

B.6.4.2 Barrel length (mm)

B.6.5 Die

B.6.5.1 Material(s)

B.6.5.2 Die diameter (mm)

B.6.5.3 Overall width of ring die (mm)

B.6.5.4 Working width of ring die (mm)

B.6.5.5 No. of holes

B.6.5.6 Diameter of holes (mm)

B.6.5.7 Open area (%)

B.6.5.8 Overall length (mm)

B.6.5.9 Effective length (mm)

B.6.5.10 L/D ratio

B.6.5.11 Relief type

B.6.6 Prime mover

B.6.6.1 Electric motor

B.6.6.1.1 Brand

B.6.6.1.2 Model

B.6.6.1.3 Serial number

B.6.6.1.4 Make or manufacturer

B.6.6.1.5 Rated power (kW)

B.6.6.1.6 Rated speed (rpm)

B.6.6.1.7 Electrical service required (single phase or 3-phase)

B.6.6.1.8 Voltage (V)

B.6.6.1.9 Current (A)

B.6.6.1.10 Frequency (Hz)

B.6.6.2 Engine

B.6.6.2.1 Brand

B.6.6.2.2 Model





B.6.6.2.7 Displacement (cm3)

B.6.6.2.8 Cooling system

B.6.6.2.9 Starting system


11

No. Items



B.6.6.2.10 Power transmission system

B.6.6.3 Other motors

B.6.6.3.1 Brand

B.6.6.3.2 Model





B.6.6.3.7 Electrical service required (single phase or 3-phase)

B.6.6.3.8 Voltage (V)

B.6.6.3.9 Current (A)

B.6.6.3.10 Frequency (Hz)

B.7 Discharge chute

B.7.1 Material(s)

B.7.2 Dimensions of opening, L × W (mm)

B.7.3 Height from the ground (mm)

B.8 Frame

B.8.1 Material(s)

B.8.2 Overall dimensions, L × W (mm)

B.8.3 Height (mm)

*if applicable B.9 Illustration of transmission system


12

Annex C (normative)

Sampling Procedures

C.1 Sampling Procedures for Feed Formula The condition of the feed formula or feed mixture input to be used as test material, specifically moisture, shall be determined using three (3) “representative samples” which represent the different conditions of input in the bulk. This is done by randomly taking samples at the top, middle and bottom portions of the bulk. Half of the sample shall be used for laboratory analysis and the other half shall be used for reference purposes or for eventual second check in case of review. C.2 Sampling from Discharge Chute During each test trial, randomly collect three (3) samples of at least 1,000 g each from the outlet. The minimum amount of sample to be taken from the outlet of the feed pellet mill to be analyzed in the laboratory for the determination of percent efficiency, coefficient of variation of pellet diameter and moisture content shall be twice as much as what is needed for a particular analysis. C.3 Handling of Samples All samples to be taken to the laboratory shall be placed in appropriate containers and properly labeled. If the sample is to be used for determining moisture content, it must be kept in dry and airtight containers. Care should be taken so as to prevent alterations of the conditions of the test samples.


13

Annex D (informative)

Performance Test Data Sheet

Test Trial No. : ___________________ Date : __________________ Test Engineers : ___________________ Location : __________________ Assistants : ___________________ Machine : __________________ Test Applicant : ___________________ Manufacturer : __________________

No. Items Trial

1 Trial

2 Trial

3 Ave

D.1 Conditions of feed formula

D.1.1 Source

D.1.2 Feed type

D.1.3 Moisture content (%)

D.2 Weight of input (kg)

D.3 Moisture content of output (%)

D.4 Weight of output (kg)

D.5 Weight of whole pellets (kg)

D.6 Operating time (h)

D.7 Pelleting capacity (kg/h)

D.8 Pelleting recovery (%)

D.9 Pelleting efficiency (%)

D.10 Speed of components (rpm)

D.10.1 Roller

D.10.1.1 Without load

D.10.1.2 With load

D.10.2 Screw


D.10.2.2 With load

D.10.3 Die


D.10.3.2 With load

D.10.4 Prime mover


D.10.4.2 With load

D.11 Noise level [dB(A)]

D.11.1 Without load

D.11.2 With load

D.12 Power requirement

D.12.1 Power (kW)


D.12.1.2 With load

D.12.2 Current (A)


D.12.2.2 With load


14

No. Items Trial

1 Trial

2 Trial

3 Ave

D.12.3 Voltage (V)


D.12.3.2 With load

D.13 Fuel consumed (L)

D.14 Fuel consumption (L/h)

D.15 Observations: D.15.1 Ease of loading ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.2 Ease of cleaning parts ___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.3 Ease of adjustments

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.4 Ease of collecting output

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.5 Safety

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.6 Labor requirements

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ D.15.7 Failure or abnormalities that may be observed on the corn mill or its component parts during and after the milling operation.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


15

D.15.8 Others

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


16

Annex E (normative)

Laboratory Analysis

E.1 Moisture Content of Feed Mix Input E.1.1 This shall be taken using air oven method. E.1.2 Randomly obtain three- 100 g of feed mix from test material and place them in moisture cans. Ensure that no moisture is lost or gained by the sample between the time it was collected until it is weighed in a moisture can. Weigh and record all the initial weights (Wi). E.1.3 Dry the samples in the oven with a temperature of 105 °C ± 1 °C for seventy-two hours. E.1.4 After removing the samples from the oven, moisture can with samples should be placed in a desiccator and be allowed to cool to the ambient temperature. E.1.5 Weigh the moisture can with the dried sample. Record the final weight (W f). Calculate the moisture content using the formula in Annex G. E.2 Moisture Content of Feed Pellets E.2.1 Moisture content determination by oven method shall be done as follows: E.2.2 Adjust the grinding mill. Grind a small quantity of the laboratory sample and discard it. Then quickly grind a quantity of the laboratory sample approximately 15 g for a triplicate analysis. E.2.3 Rapidly weigh three samples of not less than 2 g from the ground sample and place them in a dish (previously pre-heated and tared, together with its lid to the nearest 0.001 g. Weighed dishes are placed in the desiccator until all samples have been prepared and weighed. E.2.4 Dry the samples in the oven with a temperature of 135 °C for two hours. E.2.5 After removing the samples from the oven, place the dishes with samples in a desiccator and allow to cool to the ambient temperature between forty minutes and forty-five minutes. E.2.6 Weigh the dish with the dried sample to the nearest 0.001g. Record the final weight. Calculate the moisture content using the formula in Annex G. E.3 Coefficient of Variation of the Pellet Diameter E.3.1 For each test trial, randomly obtain 100 g feed pellet sample. Dry each sample (e.g. sun drying for 24 to 36 hours or mechanical drying).


17

E.3.2 Randomly select 100 pieces of whole pellets and measure their diameter using a caliper. Pellet diameter measurement shall be recorded to the nearest 0.025 mm. E.3.3 Calculate the coefficient of variation using the formula in Annex G. E.4 Pelleting Efficiency E.4.1 For each test trial, randomly obtain three (3) 100 g feed pellet samples. Dry each sample (e.g. sun drying for 24 to 36 hours or mechanical drying). Record the initial weight of the dried sample (Wfo). E.3.3 Select the screen sieve size according to the average diameter of the pellets. Screen each sample by tilting it side to side ten times. Recommended sieve sizes for pellets of various diameters are given below. If screening is done in increments, carefully empty the pellets off the sieve every after each portion is screened until the whole sample is finished.

Recommended sieve sizes for crumbles and pellets of various diameters

DIAMETER OF PELLET, mm

SIZE NO. SCREEN SIZE, mm

Crumbles 12 1.7

2.4 10 2.0

3.2 7 2.8

3.6 6 3.4

4.0 6 3.4

4.8 5 4.0

5.2 4 4.8

6.4 3.5 5.7

7.9 0.265 6.7

9.5 5/16 7.9

12.7 7/16 11.1

15.9 0.530 13.5

19.0 5/8 15.9

22.2 3/4 19.0

25.4 7/8 22.2

Source: Stark & Fahrenholz (2015)


18

Figure 1. Screening feed pellet output to separate and collect whole pellets E.3.4 After screening, weigh the pellets left on the sieve. Record its weight (Wfp). E.3.5 Calculate the percent efficiency using the formula in Annex G.

receiving

pan

wire screen

sieve

whole

pellets

fines


19

Annex F (informative)

Laboratory Analysis Data Sheet

Machine Tested : __________________ Date Tested : ____________ Analyzed by : __________________ Date Analyzed : ____________ F.1 Feed Ingredients

Ingredient Amount, kg Amount, %

Total

F.2 Moisture Content (% wet basis) of Feed mix

Item Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Ave

Initial weight, g

Final weight, g

Moisture content, %

F.3 Moisture Content (% wet basis) of Feed Pellets

Item Test trial I Test trial II Test trial III

Ave 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Initial weight, g

Final weight, g

Moisture content, %


20

F.4 Pelleting Efficiency (%)

Item Test trial I Test trial II Test trial III

Ave 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Initial weight of sample, g

Weight of whole pellets, g

Pelleting efficiency, %

F.5 Determination of Coefficient of Variation

Sample no. Pellet diameter, mm

Test trial I Test trial II Test trial III

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31


21



32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66


22



67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

Mean, mm

Variance, mm2

Standard deviation, mm

Coefficient of variation, %


23

Annex G (normative)

Formulas Used During Calculations and Testing

G.1 Die Compression Ratio (CR)

𝐶𝑅 =𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ

𝐻𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

G.2 Moisture Content

𝑀𝐶𝑤𝑏 =𝑊𝑖 − 𝑊𝑓

𝑊𝑖× 100

where: MCwb is the wet-basis moisture content (%) Wi is the initial weight of sample (g) Wf is the final weight of sample (g) G.3 Fuel/Electric Energy Consumption G.3.1 Fuel consumption

𝐹𝑐 =𝐹𝑣

𝑇

where:

Fc is the fuel consumption (L/h) Fv is the volume of fuel consumed (L) T is the total operating time (h)

G.3.2 Electric energy consumption

𝐸𝑐 = 𝑃𝑐 𝑥 𝑇 where:

Ec is the electric energy consumption (kW-h) Pc is the amount of power consumed (kW) T is the total operating time (h)

G.4 Pelleting Capacity

𝐶𝑝 =𝑊𝑜

𝑇𝑜


24

where: Cp is the pelleting capacity (kg/h) Wo is the total weight of pelleted feeds collected at discharge (kg) To is the total operating time (h) G.5 Pelleting Recovery

𝑃𝑟 =𝑊𝑜

𝑊𝑖𝑛× 100

where: Wo is the total weight of pelleted feeds collected at discharge (kg) Win is the total weight of feed mix input (kg) G.6 Pelleting Efficiency

𝑃𝑒 = 𝑊𝑓𝑝

𝑊𝑓𝑜× 100

where: Wfp is the weight of whole pellets (g)

Wfo is the weight of dried sample from the feed pellet mill output (g)

G.7 Coefficient of Variation

𝐶𝑉 =𝑆

�̅�× 100

�̅� =∑ 𝑥𝑗

𝑛

𝑆 = √𝑆2

𝑆2 =∑(𝑥𝑗

2) − 𝑛(�̅�2)

𝑛 − 1

where: CV is the coefficient of variation, % S is the standard deviation S2 is the variance xj is the pellet diameter of individual sample n is the total number of samples

x̅ is the mean of x


25

Bibliography Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) International Official Methods of

Analysis (OMA), Method No. 975.36, 18th Ed., Rev. 2, 2007 Esplana, E.R. & Soliaban, C.L. (2004). Dynamics of the Philippine feedmill industry:

An assessment. Retrieved July 3, 2018 from https://www.scribd.com/document/366450382/Dynamics-in-the-Philippine-Feedmill-Industry-Assessment

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undergraduate thesis – Agricultural Engineering. Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija

Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center

Testing and Evaluation of Machinery Generated from PCAARRD-funded Projects

Project Leader

Darwin C. Aranguren

Engineer IV

Project Staff

Romulo E. Eusebio Engineer III

Technical Staff

Ray D. Alipio

Science Research Specialist I

Support Staff

Gerald S. Trinidad Laboratory Technician I

Micah A. Almalvez

Science Aide

Fortunato L. Parducho Laboratory Aide I

Technical Working Group (TWG) for the Development of Philippine Agricultural

Engineering Standards (PAES) for Various Agricultural Machinery from PCAARRD-funded Projects

Chairperson

Dr. Aurelio A. Delos Reyes Jr.

Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center

Members

1 John Gregory V. Aquino 3 Francia M. Macalintal Bureau of Agriculture and

Fisheries Standards Philippine Council for Agriculture

and Fisheries 2 Romeo P. Santiago 4 Crestituto C. Mangaoang Philippine Council for Agriculture,

Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development

Philippine Society of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineers

Secretariat

Ray D. Alipio Agricultural Machinery Testing and Evaluation Center

Compound Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Philippines T/ (632) 928-8741 to 64 loc. 3301-3319

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Documents

Production Machinery Feed Pellet Mill Methods of Test · 2020. 6. 8. · feed pellet mill. They shall abide with the terms and conditions set forth by the official testing agency