Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Processes and Players in Arctic Marine Pelagic Food Webs - Biogeochemistry, Environment and Climate
Change
PIs: Gunnar Bratbak (UiB) and Aud Larsen (Uni Research) CoPIs: Bente Edvardsen (UiO), Richard GJ Bellerby (NIVA), Kriss Rokkan Iversen
(SALT)
NFR-funded, 4 yrs
P
THE ARCTIC FOOD CHAIN
Nutrient (DIN, DIP),
carbon (CO2, DOC)
chemistry
Primary production to harvestable
resources
Export to the
ocean’s interior
..and the central role of the
microbes
80N
20E
Field campaigns: • Diversity and abundances (mesozooplankton –
virus) + gene expression (microbes) • Bulk measurements:
Chl a, Elemental composition • Chemistry:
Mineral nutrients, DOC/DOM; Inorganic carbon chemistry
• Rates: Primary and secondary production, growth and grazing
Annual cycle NW Svalbard
(2015)
Young Sound, East-Greenland
(June-October 2015)
P Core Questions: “Who they are”, “What they do”, “How they interact” and “How they respond to environmental change”
• Structure, function and diversity -
microbial community, annual cycle
• Carbon flow - microbial food webs -
regulation, production and consumption
- DOC and CO2.
• Refine microbial food web models
• Data for parameterization of marine
biogeochemical models -improved
climate projections.
Activities
Field campaigns
“Annual cycle” (pelagic)
NW Svalbard, different
water masses (2015)
Young Sound, Greenland
(2015)
SIMCO north of
Spitzbergen (2016) (+
samples from N-ICE
2015, NPI)
Field experiment
Mesocosms
– Svalbard, June 2015
Protists (eukaryotes), co-PI B Edvardsen UiO:
Molecular approach: DNA-Sequencing: Season main driver for community structure – more important than water
masses; Novel lineages) (Gene expression (e.g. of enzymes involved in the production and consumption of DOC and CO2))
Microscopy (coccolithophores): Novel species, bi-polar species, endemic for Arctic-species (5 published papers + Master thesis ) Frame of reference for polar coccolithophores Distribution of coccolithophores around Svalbard
Cultures UPMC - Sorbonne University - Banyuls/Roscoff – PHYTOPOL: "Adaptation of phytoplankton
to polar regions: survival strategies during the arctic winter" UiO - new project proposals (TaxMArc)
Status: Structure, function and diversity microbial communities, NW Spitzbergen
Photos by: Mikal Heldal, Egil S. Erichsen & Sesilie F. Tverberg
Prokaryotes (Bacteria, Archae), co-PI L Øvreås UiB:
Molecular approach - whole community: Sequencing DNA (history) and RNA (snapshot active community) - simultaneously from same sample:
16S-DNA: A year-round study of pelagic microbial diversity
down through the dark Arctic Ocean depths (B Wilson et al)
DNA/RNA: One specific group: Thaumarcheota (important global C and N cycles): Distribution throughout the year + with water masses (O Muller et al)
Status: Structure, function and diversity microbial communities, NW Spitzbergen
Phototrophic prokaryotes:
Cell distribution, molecular diversity, growth/loss: Synechococcus in the Atlantic
gateway to the Arctic Ocean
Virus: co-PI RA Sandaa, UiB:
Molecular approach: Sequencing DNA and RNA viruses - sequences ready – assembling these days (collaboration - bioinformatics Virus-X)
Structure, function and diversity microbial communities, NW Spitzbergen
Hydrography:
Physical and Biogeochemical Hydrography of the Fram Strait Branch (seasonality, inflow
to AO) (Randelhof A et al):
Conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profiles, Inorganic nutrients, Chlorophyll-a concentration,
fCO2, PAR
Chemistry (co-PI R Bellerby (NIVA):
[µP] OA data fill holes into broadscale database – useful for future modelling work
NCP and stoichiometry from Kongsfjorden
Combined – under construction – e.g:
Seuthe, Reigstad et al.: Production and fate of organic carbon in the Atlantic gateway to
the Arctic Ocean
Slagstad, Seuthe, Vernet, Thingstad, Ellingsen et al. Microbial modeling – implications for
ecosystem C-cycling
Lund Paulsen – Young Sound (East Greenland): virus-mesozooplankton, chemistry (organic
carbon), physics
Status: Other (chemistry, carbon-flow, models)
Status: Mesocosm experiment in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (carbon and matter-flow, microbial model refinement)
Low mesozoo high h-
bact concentratin
High mesozoo lower h-
bact concentrations
Day No
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Cell
s 1
06 m
L-1
0
2
4
6
8
10
Cell
s 1
06 m
L-1
0
2
4
6
8
10
0C
0.5C
1C
2C
3C
H-Bacteria in HIGH mesozoo tanks
(T=2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
H-Bacteria in LOW mesozoo tanks
(T=1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
HETEROTROPHIC
BACTERIA
Related/collaborative projects Institution(s) Source Acronym
UiT NFR Carbon Bridge
Aarhus Universitet
DANCEA, Carlsberg Found., ARC
CAMPING
UiB NFR Arctic Soil
UiB NFR FunCab
UiB EU Virus-X:
NTNU EU OceanCertain
NPI NFR Boom or Burst (N-ICE)
UPMC-Sorbonne University
ANR PHYTOPOL
Future: diverse AeN, MOSAIC, AQUACOSM
4 parallell sessions:
I Bridging physical and biological processes in the Arctic Ocean
II Pushing back the Frontiers: New approaches, new technologies, and new insights
III Future Fisheries
IV Managing risk in policymaking and law
http://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papers
Session I: organised as a collaboration between the three research project
CarbonBridge (UiT), µPolar (UiB/UniR) and Arctic in Rapid Transition (GEOMAR).
Open for everyone interested
Common plenary sessions in the morning.
Science part: 25-27 January
2017
http://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/126-science-2017/514-part-i-processeshttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/126-science-2017/513-part-ii-pushing-frontiershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/126-science-2017/512-part-iii-future-fisherieshttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/126-science-2017/516-part-iv-managing-riskhttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papershttp://www.arcticfrontiers.com/2017-conference/science/call-for-papers
Outreach
- YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nqPAYJ-0s8
- Instragram: https://www.instagram.com/polarmicrobes/
- Book chapter: «Doing Everything Everywhere All the Time – The story about those that were thought to be unimportant in the Arctic Ocean” In
Press
Blog
Schrødingers katt-
NRK
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nqPAYJ-0s8https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nqPAYJ-0s8https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0nqPAYJ-0s8https://www.instagram.com/polarmicrobes/