DIRECTORATE OF ESTATES

PROCEDURE AND INFORMATION MANUAL

EPM PM21 – Energy and Water Metering Specification

Document Originated: October 2015 By: Chris Cunningham

Issue Number: 1 Number of pages: 80

Approved by EMG: Status: Working Document

Last revised: 31/08/18 By: CSU

Next revision: 31/08/19 By: CSU

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Contents

1.0 Compliance Requirements

2.0 Health and Safety considerations

3.0 Metering Roles and Responsibilities

4.0 Data Collection / Communications

5.0 Electric Meters including metering to obtain Feed-in-Tariff payments

6.0 Gas Meters

7.0 Steam Meters

8.0 Heat Meters including metering to obtain RHI payments

9.0 Water Meters

10.0 Compressed Air Meters

11.0 Further Guidance

12.0 Appendix

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1.0 Compliance Requirements

1.1 Building Regulations Part L2A and Part L2B

The Building Regulations Part L2A (New Build) Sections 4.38 to 4.39 and Part L2B (Existing Buildings) Sections 4.33 to 4.35 require:-

Reasonable provision of energy meters would be to install energy metering systems that enable

• At least 90% of the estimated annual energy consumption of each fuel to be assigned to the various

end-user categories (heating, lighting). Detailed guidance on how this can be achieved is given in CISBE TM39 and

• The output of any renewable energy system to be separately monitored; and • In buildings with a total useful floor area greater than 1000 m², automatic meter reading and

data collection facilities.

The metering provision shall be designed to facilitate benchmarking of energy performance as set out in CIBSE TM 46.

1.2 BREEAM

Reference should be made to BREEAM Scheme Document: - BREEAM Education SD 5051, Chapter 6 Energy and Chapter 8 Water which provides guidance for the installation of energy and water metering.

1.3 Display Energy Certificates

Why Display Energy Certificates are required

The purpose of Display Energy Certificates (DECs) is to raise public awareness of energy use and to inform visitors to public buildings about the energy use of a public building. DECs provide an energy rating of the building from A to G, where A is most efficient and G is the least efficient and are based on the actual amount of metered energy used by the building over a period of 12 months.

An affected organisation must display a DEC in a prominent place clearly visible to the public and have in its possession or control a valid advisory report. The advisory report contains recommendations for improving the energy performance of the building.

The following activities may be allowable as ‘separable’ areas and excluded from the OR calculation:

• Regional server room • Trading floor • Bakery oven • Sports flood lighting • Furnace, heat treatment or forming process • Blast chilling or freezing.

If these areas are included in a list of ‘allowable separable energy areas’ for your type of building, then they may be separated from the assessment under certain circumstances.

Only buildings with a total useful floor area greater than 250m2 occupied by a public authority and frequently visited by the public are affected by the legislation.

1.4 Carbon Reduction (University Carbon Dashboard)

The university is committed to a Carbon Management Plan. Metering is an important tool to help the building occupants understand their patterns of usage and identify un-necessary usage. A large proportion of the energy and water consumed by the university cannot be controlled using a Building Management System or other forms of building controls such as lighting control and water management controls. It will be necessary for some academic consumption uses to be monitored to help drive down energy / water consumption with in university departments.

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1.5 Heat Networks Billing and Information Regulations 2014

The regulations cover most district heat networks and communal heating systems within the UK including England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The regulations cover the use of most networks including residential, commercial, industrial and public sector. Residential includes the supply of heating to student accommodation even where the cost of heating is included in the rental terms. It is a criminal offence under MID Regulations in UK to use non- approved meters for billing and MID makes no distinction between primary supply meters and secondary sub-meters used for billing.

1.6 Recharge Information.

The university is required to install accurate metering to enable energy and water consumption to be measured to enable internal and external invoices to be produced. VAT is required to be added to external bound invoices. It is the policy to ensure if requested, Half Hourly Data or other consumption information which may be requested by the internal or external organisation and can be supplied as a hard copy or online using the Coherent Data Collection Server to back up invoice calculations. It is a criminal offence under MID Regulations in UK to use non-approved meters for billing and MID makes no distinctions between primary supply meters and secondary sub-meters used for billing.

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2.0 Health and Safety considerations Meters will need to be accessed regularly for maintenance, calibration and to obtain readings.

2.0.1 Meters readouts should be installed in easily accessible, safe, locations, ideally below head height to prevent injury from falls or back strain etc. There have been numerous instances where meters are installed at inappropriate heights or locations.

2.0.2 Consideration needs to be given to provide permanent access from a purposely constructed platform to

prevent the future need to use step ladders or the need to construct a temporary platform.

2.1.0 Health and Safety (Electric Metering) University sub meters Health and safety is important to eliminate the risk to life or injury and this includes metering including electric meters. The main risks are:-

2.1.1 Electrocution from the voltage source applied to the electric meter, HV and LV current transformer operated meters. HV metering requires the use of Voltage Transformer. Typical ratios of: - 11KV / 110V or 6.6KV / 110V

2.1.2 Electrocution from Whole Current connected meters. For most of these meters the maximum

continuous rated loading is 100 amps per phase. However, some of the latest meters are rated up to 200 amps per phase.

2.1.3 Electrocution from the current transformers used to measure phase currents and reduce the output to a

safe value to be applied electric meter. Before working with current transformers under load the CTs require to be shorted out. Hence the important of connecting CTs to test terminal blocks or WAGO “linked” shorting terminals

2.1.4 Fire and or explosion if the current transformer terminals are left open circuit whilst the phase cable is

carrying a load then the induced EMF can cause a heating effect.

2.1.5 Fire and or explosion there have been instances where a contractor’s electricians have incorrectly connected current transformer, failed to the check connections or crossed over connections on the meter between the CT and voltage source terminals. A meter wiring /connections diagram can be found beneath all Elster meter terminal covers

2.1.6 Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain, falls from ladders.

2.2 Health and Safety (Steam metering)

The main risks with steam systems / metering are that of Scalding or Burns when equipment needs to be removed

2.2.1 Injury For removal of steam equipment from pipe work and to ensure no risk of scalding / burns, two

valve isolation is required as per schematic. In addition to aid the operator the pipe must be able to be drained of any pressure. This should be checked with the aid of a pressure gauge. If primary and secondary isolation valves are operated incorrectly, then “steam scoring “of the valve faces can occur.

2.2.2 Drain points should be installed to drain the pressure from the steam line. Manual drain points should be

used in conjunction with a pressure gauge.

2.2.3 Drain points have been known to clog with pipe debris and pressure needles can stick or the gauge can go out of calibration.

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2.2.4 Once the pressure has been drained and the steam pipe left to cool down, a manual drain is required to prevent any condensate build up if there is leakage past the isolating valves. Overnight cold condensate can build up; however in the length of isolated pipe work there may be an increase in temperature towards the leakage isolation valve. When equipment is removed from the pipe the rush of cold condensate can become scalding hot even from a small steam leak.

2.2.5 Water Hammer. When a steam line is brought back into service it needs to be slowly warmed up to

allow the condensate that forms to be removed by the automatic trap sets. A manual drain is required to ensure that the automatic traps have removed the condensate build up. Once steam is issuing through the manual drain, it is should be considered safe to slowly pressurise the line to prevent water hammer which can cause valves and pipelines to rupture.

2.2.6 Injury due to poor access / obstructions to meters such as back strain, falls from ladders etc.

2.3 Health and Safety (Heat Metering)

• Low Temperature Hot water up to 90 C ( LTHW )

• Medium Temperature Hot water up to 145 C ( MTHW )

2.3.1 The main risks with hot water systems / metering are that of Scalding or Burns when equipment needs

to be removed.

2.3.2 Most heat circulating circuits throughout the University are classed as LTHW.

2.3.3 However, there are a number of locations where the circulating circuits are classed a MTHW e.g. Stopford Boiler House with associated Primary heating circuits supplying the Stopford Building, Michael Smith Building, Dover Street Building and AV Hill Building.

2.3.4 The MTHW circuits are operated under pressure such that when open to atmosphere the MTHW content

will “flash off“, to produce low pressure steam.

2.3.5 The same considerations are to be given to hot water metering as for steam to prevent injury and to minimize the risks for maintenance, calibration and to obtain readings.

2.3.6 Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain, falls from ladders.

2.4 Health and Safety (Gas Metering) University sub meters

2.4.1 Fire and or explosion To prevent an unsafe condition occurring which could produce a fire and or

explosion, all gas meter pulse outputs are to be galvanic isolated from the monitoring equipment with the use of a chatter box.

2.4.2 Risk of gas escape. All gas meters are to be installed and commissioned to maintain the gas integrity

by a suitably qualified gas engineer.

2.4.3 Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain falls from ladders.

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3.0 Metering Roles and Responsibilities

3.1.0 Project Manager

3.1.1 The Project Manager is only to consider the project to be completed upon receipt of a certificate from Coherent Research stating that all the meters for the particular project have been commissioned and installed onto the Coherent Data Collection, and that the meter pulse input values have been verified as completed and the fiscal meter total consumption synchronized with the software.

3.2.0 Project Mechanical and Electrical Consultants

3.2.1 The consultants who designs the mechanical and electrical building services for the particular project

must agree with the University the position and number of the electrical and mechanical metering to comply with all current building and upcoming regulations and the University metering specification.

3.2.2 Each consultant will then produce a schematic drawing for each of the services which will be sent to the

University for their comments after which, copies will be sent to Coherent Research.

3.2.3 Each consultant will communicate with Coherent Research to ensure the correct metering network communications and communications equipment are specified prior to producing a tender drawing for the installation contractors.

3.2.4 Upon agreement with the University and Coherent Research, each consultant will produce metering

network tender drawings for the particular installation contractor to provide the costs to supply and install the metering equipment.

3.2.5 For all communications between the consultant, Coherent Research and prospective M& E contractors

the project will be identified with a unique name. (Suppliers the likes of Micronics use the project name to identify quotations and for order tracking or in case of multiple enquiries for quotations )

3.2.6 The electrical consultant is required to produce drawings of the communications networks highlighting

roles and responsibilities for the installation of daisy linking cabling between Elster electric meters and Coherent IDC communications device, cable links connections between pulse output meters and the Coherent Modbus pulse counters, models wiring to connect Danfoss inverters and Micronic Heat Meter Integrators, power supply for the IDC unit, power supply for any major devices ( steam meters, heat meter integrators, etc... ), Data socket outlets with the connection to the University IT network.

3.2.7 At the start of any Project the electrical consultant will liaise with the University IT network engineers to

obtain spare ports in existing computer switches. (Failure to reserve spare ports at the this earliest opportunity may result in the project having to purchase an additional computer hub switch. ) At the same time IT networks will be able to issue the IP address for any Ethernet connectivity for metering and any BMS requirements.

3.2.8 The consultant shall be responsible to ensure that all metering is installed as per the manufacturer’s

instructions and the University specification. (Reference should be made to the University metering specification and the current University metering guide which is regularly updated to promote good practice installation )

3.3.0 Mechanical and Electrical Contractor

3.3.1 The M&E contractor will be responsible for procuring the metering equipment and its installation, including any cabling, power supplies and data sockets as specified in the tender documentation provided by the M&E consultants.

3.3.2 The contractor will be responsible to ensure that all metering is installed as per manufacturer’s

instructions and the university specification.

3.3.3 The M&E contractor will include costs to purchase the services of the manufacturer’s representative specialist engineer to commission the metering equipment. (Too often M&E contractors are neglecting to

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purchase the manufacturers commissioning costs with the purchase of the metering equipment).

3.3.4 The M&E contractor along with the installation of the meter, will purchase from Coherent Research the cost to supply and commission the AMR communications to enable the metering equipment to communicate with the Coherent Data Collection Server. The cost will included for setting up the meters on the Coherent Software and an onsite presence to enable the commissioning and testing of the meters to enable Coherent Research to provide a completion certificate to the Project Manager.

3.4.0 Meter Maintenance Contractor

3.4.1 The University Maintenance Services Unit employs an M&E contractor to carry out maintenance on university meters.

3.4.2 The Meter Maintenance Contractor will liaise with Coherent to provide an onsite presence to enable

new meter communications to be commissioned, check the meter pulse output and provide local readings to enable synchronization of the meter total with the value in the Coherent software.

3.4.3 Micronics Flowmeters Non-Invasive Heat Meter installations need to be commissioned in situ under the

supervision of the Meter Maintenance Contractor.

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4.0. Data Collection / Communications

4.1.1 All electric meters (Elster A1700 and A1140 ) are to be connected to a Coherent IDC, Coherent IDCi connected to an Ethernet data socket using RS232 or RS485 cabling with various Coherent Adapters.

4.1.2 Some Elster electric meters may be connected to a Coherent GPRS Modem using the appropriate

Coherent Adapter.

4.1.3 The Coherent IDC is to be hardwired to an 8 input channel Coherent Modbus Pulse Counter. The Modbus Pulse Counter can be daisy linked to up to 31 Modus devices

such as additional Coherent Modbus Pulse Counters, Calec ST Modbus Heat Meter Integrators, Danfoss Inverter Drives etc.

4.1.4 Pulse outputs from, gas, water, steam and air flow meters are to be hardwired using a screened cable to

the Coherent Modbus Pulse Counter.

4.1.5 The Coherent Modbus Pulse Counter channel can be used to replicate a pulse input to provide a pulse output for another device.

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5.0 Electric Meters including metering to obtain Feed-in-Tariff payments

Electric meters are to be installed as per University Metering Guide and with reference to CIBSE TM 39.

5.1.0 Fiscal Electric HH Meters

Any new Half Hour metered supply shall be an Elster A1700 Multi Utility Instrumentation Meter purchased by the University and installed by the university appointed Meter Operator.

5.2.0 Fiscal Electric NHH Meters

Any new Non Half Hourly metered supply shall be an Elster A1700 Multi Utility Meter purchased by the University and installed by the University appointed Meter Operator.

5.3.0 University Electric Sub Metering (LV Switchboards)

5.3.1 Before any metering arrangements are authorised and installed a schematic of the metering layout must be agreed with PSU Energy Team.

5.3.2 The main meter located on the LV side of the HV transformer output (LV Switchboard Incomer) shall be

monitored with an Elster A1700 Multi Utility Instrumentation Meter or the F Type A1140 equivalent that has the same meter register functions. All other sub meter circuits shall be monitored using an Elster A1700 Multi Utility or an Elster A1140 electric.

5.4.0 Each meter marshalling panel will require a data socket outlet.

5.4.1 The electric meters for all out going circuits from the LV switchboard are to be located in a meter marshalling panel which includes ( fuses and a neutral link ) for isolation of the voltage source to each meter and a Test Terminal Block to enable the current transformers to be shorted out..

5.4.2 All LV Switchboard circuits including spare ways for further use will be equipped with current

transformers, which should be shorted out before dispatch from the manufacturing facility.

5.4.3 The current transformers shall be connected to the Test Terminal blocks with cables with a minimum size of 2.5mm2. The maximum cable length between the current transformers shall be no greater than 10 meters. For longer lengths the cable size shall be increased.( refer to the Current Transformer VA Burden Table in Section 3 of the University Metering Guide ).

5.4.4 The cable used to link the current transformers to each test terminal block shall be a minimum 6 core 2.5

mm2 SWA cable. The practice of using large numbered multi core SWA cable is not allowed.

5.4.5 Each current transformer shall be installed using two separate cables. The practice of using a single cable and linking the current transformer secondary terminals shall not be allowed.

5.5.0 University Electric Sub Metering. (Distribution Boards / Equipment requiring a Current

Transformer Operated Meter) 5.5.1 Where an electric meter is required to be installed local to a distribution board an ElsterA1140 electric

meter will be installed on to a purpose fabricated metal enclosure ( size 470mm Wide x 490mm High x 140mm Depth ) painted to match the standard university specified distribution board.

5.5.2 The enclosure will house a 3 phase Current Transformer Block, Test Terminal Block and a triple pole and neutral fused switch to isolate the voltage source to the current operated meter.

5.5.3 The Elster A1140 meter is to be installed on to the enclosure door which shall be hinged and provided with

the means to fit a padlock. The door will require two 20mm hole, one for the cables to connect the meter and one for meter communications Cat 5e communications cables. Refer to the university distribution board LV Metering panel specification drawings in the University Metering Guide.

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5.6.0 University Electric Sub Metering. (Distribution Boards / Equipment requiring a Whole Current Operated Meter)

5.6.1 Meters can be installed to monitor lighting distribution boards and other equipment (duty/standby air

compressors, split air conditioning units. which can be isolated to change the electric meter without disruption to the monitored service unless agreed by the users).

5.6.2.1 Where authorised by the PSU Energy Team an Elster A1140 Whole Current 100 Amp will be installed

inside a purpose fabricated enclosure (size 300mm Wide x 490mm High x 140mm Depth).

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6.0 Gas Meters

6.1.0 Fiscal Gas Meters 6.1.1 All fiscal gas meters are to be installed with a pulse output connected to a splitter box to enable the

pulse out to be used by,

• The gas supplier to provide monthly AMR readings for invoicing purposes • A pulse output for connection by hardwire or wireless technology using a Dresser 103-e chatterbox

to provide half hourly data to the university Energy Metering System. • A pulse output to connect National Grid equipment monitoring equipment.

6.2.0 Gas Sub Meters

6.2.1 Gas meters will be installed in locations with reference to the University metering guide, CIBSE TM39 and

Part L Building Regulations. Each gas meter output is to be connected using a Dresser chatterbox. ( The Dresser chatterbox 103-e is an isolation device capable of connecting 4 imports and having 4 outputs or can be configured for one import for duplicate outputs )

• each gas fired heating boiler is to be fitted with a gas meter • each gas-fired DWH fired boiler is to be fitted with a gas meter • the supply to catering equipment is to be fitted with a gas meter • the supply to laundry equipment is to be fitted with a gas meter • any laboratory or workshop supply is to be fitted with a gas meter

6.2.2 The designer shall specify to install either an ITRON (ex- Actaris) diaphragm meter. MZ Rotary meter or

Delta QD gas meter, each fitted with the appropriate pulse output unit.

6.2.3 The designer shall specify to install line sized gas meters for all situations. The practice of installing smaller sized gas meters into a gas line to reduce cost is not allowed. This practice has been carried out for earlier projects which has resulted in gas equipment going to lock-out due to pressure reductions within the pipe work at the maximum firing load.

6.2.4 The designer is required to verify which gas meters are to be installed with consideration to the pressure

drop across the meter and the most appropriate turndown ratio, e.g. U160 diaphragm (positive displacement) meter may be more appropriate than installing a rotary gas meter rated at 160 m3 / hour dependent on the consuming gas equipment.

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7.0 Steam Meters

7.1.1 Steam meters are to be installed in locations with reference to the University Metering Guide, CIBSE TM39 and Part L Building Regulations. Such locations to be considered should be :-

• The main supply to the building • The steam supply to LTHW plate heat exchangers • The steam supply to DHW plate heat exchangers • The steam supply to autoclaves and any other processes

7.1.2 The University experiences can experience high turndown ratios where a Variable Area Steam Meter is more suitable than a Vortex Steam. The choice of meter must consider the turndown ratio against the steam meter cost, especially for large steam pipe sizes.

7.1.3 For pipe sizes 50mm, 80mm and 100mm the Spirax Sarco TVA may be specified. Adjacent to each

TVA meter a socket outlet will be installed for 240 volt /24 volt DC plug-in transformer.

7.1.4 For pipe sizes greater than 100mm the Spirax Sarco IVLA meter is to be specified connected to a Spirax Sarco M750 or MG200 steam conditioning unit.

7.1.5 For pipe sizes less than 50mm a Spirax Sarco TFA steam meter will be used. The smallest available

size is a DN 25 meter.

7.1.6 ABB supply an RHI compliant FSV450 Vortex Steam Meter for pipe sizes from 15mm to 300mm. The enable the basic meter to RHI complaint there is an additional cost for a software modification for the display to read Energy in KWH and for supply of a UKCAS calibration certificat

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8.0 Heat Meters including metering to obtain RHI payments

8.1.1 Heat meters are to be installed in locations with reference to the University Metering Guide, CIBSE TM39 and Part L Building Regulations such as

• Variable Temperature Circuits • Constant Temperature Circuits • Hot water generated by renewable equipment i.e. Ground Source Heat Pumps and Solar Thermal

generators.

8.1.2 The installation locations needed to be assessed which reference to separable, identifiable loads dictated

• Building heating zone orientation, ( North, South, East or West facing facades ) • Building zone temperature set point. ( VT and CT Circuits ) • Time of Use ( BMS control of a single large or group of heating circuits using a Time Schedule ) • Demand ( Heating circuit use controlled by Occupancy Demand )

8.1.3 Heat meters are to be specified to be installed as manufacturer’s instructions. The accuracy of any

heat metering installation is dependent on complying implicitly with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

8.2.0 Invasive Heat meters

8.2.1 All invasive heat meters are to be specified to be installed into the return flow circuit. This is considered as good practice by manufacturers to prompt long in-service life of the flow meter.

8.2.2 For invasive heat meters, an ITRON (ex-Actaris) hot water meters fitted with a Cyble K=1 pulse

output unit will be installed connected to an Aquametero Calec ST Modbus Heat Meter Integrator.

8.2.3 To ensure metering accuracy, no isolation or by-pass valves are to be installed within the manufacture’s requirement to promote Laminar flow through the meter.

8.2.4 To ensure accuracy, the heat meter manufacturer will state how many pipe diameters of straight

pipe lengths before and after the flow meter to promote laminar flow. ( Typical 10 before and 5 after ) To ensure accurate flow measurement if there is insufficient straight lengths a “flow straightened “ is to be installed to the manufacturer’s instruction before the flow meter.

8.2.5 For the production of Domestic Hot Water using a solar thermal collector where the Glycol / Water

mixture density will change over time a Super static Flow meter is to be used connected to a Sontex Heat Meter Integrator. This provides a pulse output signal.

8.3.0 Non-Invasive Heat Meters

8.3.1 Non-invasive heating metering installations are the preferred method using Micronics HM1000-UM

strap-on ultrasonic flow measurement device for pipe sizes from 25 mm to 100mm. The meter simply requires a plug-in power supply and provides a Modbus output. ( The U-1000 is factory set up to be clamped on to a specific pipe diameter and material )

8.3.2 For pipe diameters greater than 100mm a Micronics U-3000 strap-on ultrasonic flow measurement

device connected to an Aquameter Calec ST Modbus Heat Meter Integrator will be specified. The U-3000 clamp-on device needs to be programmed on site by the manufacturer’s representative.

8.3.3 To ensure accuracy, Non-Invasive flow meters require 20 pipe diameters of straight pipe lengths

before and 10 pipe diameters after the flow meter to promote laminar flow.

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8.4.0 Heat Metering for the Renewable Heat Incentive

8.4.1 To enable RHI payments to be obtained by the University heat metering equipment will be installed

as per Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for the Renewable Heat Incentive.

8.4.2 Consideration must be given to the type of heat metering system installed to take account of the circulating fluid density. To ensure that the heat metering equipment / installation is compliant, the contractor will employ the services of an accredited Independent Metering Auditor to certify the installation and produce an Independent Meter Audit Report.

8.4.3 The contractor will employ the Independent Metering Auditor to complete the application to

OFGEM to register the installation and enable the university to receive RHI payments.

8.4.4 To comply with RHI requirements additional metering such as electric meters for GSHP and ASHP is required to be installed and monitored to ensure the heat producing equipment is operating efficiently.

8.4.5 Guidance of the approved metering equipment to be installed for RHI compliance can be found at

www.rhiapply.co.uk

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9.0 Water Meters

9.1.1 Water meters are to be installed in locations with reference to the University Metering Guide, CIBSE TM39 and Part L Building Regulations. Such locations to :-

• Storage water tank through put monitoring (Legionella) • Leakage Monitoring • Reclaims from UU for make water used by steam raising plant water used for

laboratory / workshop applications.

9.1.2 A water meter will be installed to every water supply pipe into a property. This may be a water utility billing water meter or a university sub-meter

9.1.3 A water meter will be installed to the outlet of every cold water storage tank to enable leakage

monitoring and Legionella monitoring to ensure that there is a regular turnover of the tank contents as defined by the current Legionella regulations.

9.1.4 A water meter will be installed to each cold water make up to supply steam generating systems.

This meter will be used to obtain refunds from the United Utilities ( i.e. Sewage Abatement “ non-return of metered water supplies to sewage systems “ )

9.1.5 A water meter will be installed to specific laboratory / workshop equipment or process which may

require water a “ one shot application “ an example of has been a Paper Production Pilot Plant, Normally, such processes will be fitted with a re-circulated water supply which may have to be chilled. In such circumstances any make up water supply should be metered. (this make-up water may not be required to be monitored remotely if make-up is required infrequently. In this case the water meter will be installed to aid maintenance staff when searching for leakage within a building.)

9.1.6 A water meter will be installed to the make-up water supply to pressurisation units. Remote

monitoring is not required if make-up is to be infrequent the water meter will be installed to aid maintenance staff when searching for leakage within a building.

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10.0 Compressed Air Meters

Compressed air systems and equipment can waste large amounts of electricity due air leaks in the system, inappropriately designed systems using desiccant driers instead of conditioning the air at the point of, poor performing or undersized compressor equipment.

10.1.1 Large air compressors supplying the general service air for a building shall be fitted with an air

flow meter provided with a pulse output or Modbus communication to monitor the airflow whilst comparing the electrical consumption.

10.1.2 Large air compressor used for academic experiments may need to be fitted with an airflow meter

as direct by PSU. Such an example would be a compressor used to provide air for a nitrogen production plant.

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11.0 Further Guidance

• CIBSE Guide TM39 Building Energy Metering 2010 ISBN 9781906846114 • CIBSE Guide TM46 Energy Benchmarks 2008 ISBN 9781903287958 • Carbon Trust Metering; Introducing the techniques and technology for energy data

management. • Carbon Trust Advanced metering for SMEs Carbon and cost savings • The Energy Performance of Buildings (Certificates and Inspections) Regulations (Northern

Ireland 2008, SR 2008/170, amended by SR 2008/241, SR 2009/369 and SR 2013/12 ( www.dfpni.gov.uk )

• HSE Legionella ACOP Publication :- Essential information for providers of residential accommodation

• BREEAM Scheme Document :- BREEAM Education SD 5051 • Heat Network Billing and Information Regulations 2014 • The Energy Performance in Buildings EU Directive 2006 Articles 9, 10, and 11 • The EU Measuring Instruments Directive 2004 which comes into full implementation on 1st

October 2016.

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Appendix

1. General Information

2. Health and Safety

3. Electric Meters

4. Gas Metering

5. Heat & Chilled Water Metering

6. Steam Metering (Saturated Steam)

7. Water Metering

8. Modbus Metering

9. Metering Communications

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Appendix 1 - General Information

The purpose of this document is to provide advice and guidance on specifying and installing all types of metering for the University. The emphasis is to ensure that the correct meter is selected and that it is installed correctly to ensure its accuracy.

The importance of metering has been understated in the Building Engineering Services industry, however its profile has been raised because of European Union Directives and Acts of Parliament namely the :-

• Energy Performance in Buildings Directive • Building Regulations Part L2A and Part L2B • Display Energy Certificate requirements • Carbon Reduction Commitment • Air Conditioning Inspection requirements • End User and Energy Efficiency, ESCO Directive

EU Directive: - Energy Performance in Buildings

The EPBD is now UK law under the: - Building Regulations April 2006 Part L2A (New Buildings) and L2B (Existing Buildings).

Part L2A Energy Meters

Reasonable provision for energy meters would be to install energy metering systems that enable:

a) at least 90% of the estimated annual energy consumption of each fuel to be assigned to the various end-use categories ( heating, lighting etc.), Detailed guidance on how this can be achieved is given in CIBSE TM 39 and

b) the output of any renewable system to be separately monitored; and

c) in buildings with a total useful floor area greater than 1,000m2, automatic meter reading and data collection facilities.

Part L2A Building Log-Book

A way of showing compliance would be to produce information following the guidance in CIBSE TM 31 Building Log Book Toolkit. The information should be presented in templates as or similar to those in TM. The information could draw on or refer to the information available as part of the documentation, such as Operation and Maintenance Manuals and the Health and Safety File required by the CDM Regulations.

The data used to calculate the TER and BER should be included with the log-book.

In addition to the above statutory regulations reference should be made to following Articles in the Directive

Article 3 Systems National Calculation Method Article 4 Set of energy performance requirements Article 7 Energy Performance Certification

The metering strategy for all supplies needs to be agreed with the University PSU during the early stages of the Design phase of any project.

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Article 8 Inspection of Boilers Article 9 Inspection of Air Conditioning Equipment Article Article10 Independent Experts

Reference should also be made to:-

Document GIL 065 - Metering energy use in new non-domestic buildings. A guide to help designers meet Part L2 of the Building Regulations.

CIBSE Guide F Energy Efficiency in Buildings (2012)

On completion of the metering installation a meter handover document will be completed and signed off by the relevant parties. An example completed A3 document and blank document are enclosed

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Appendix 2 : Health and Safety

Meters will need to be accessed regularly for maintenance, calibration and to obtain readings.

Meters readouts should be installed in easily accessible, safe, locations, ideally below head height to prevent injury from falls or back strain etc. There have been numerous instances where meters are installed at inappropriate heights or locations.

Consideration needs to be given to provide permanent access from a purposely constructed platform to prevent the future need to use step ladders or the need to construct a temporary platform.

Health and Safety (Electric Metering) University sub meters

Health and safety is important to eliminate the risk to life or injury and this includes metering including electric meters.

The main risks are:-

• Electrocution from the voltage source applied to the electric meter, HV and LV current

transformer operated meters. HV metering requires the use of Voltage Transformer. Typical ratios of: - 11KV / 110v or 6.6KV / 110v

• Electrocution from Whole Current connected meters. For most of these meters the maximum

continuous rated loading is 100 amps per phase. However, some of the latest meters are rated up to 200 amps per phase.

• Electrocution from the current transformers used to measure phase currents and reduce the

output to a safe value to be applied electric meter. Before working with current transformers under load the CTs require to be shorted out. Hence the important of connecting CTs to test terminal blocks or WAGO “linked” shorting terminals

• Fire and or explosion if the current transformer terminals are left open circuit whilst the phase

cable is carrying a load then the induced EMF can cause a heating effect.

• Fire and or explosion there have been instances where a contractor’s electricians have incorrectly connected current transformer, failed to the check connections or crossed over connections on the meter between the CT and voltage source terminals. A meter wiring /connections diagram can be found beneath all Elster meter terminal covers

• Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain falls from ladders etc.

Health and Safety (Steam Metering)

The main risks with steam systems / metering are that of Scalding or Burns when equipment needs to be removed

• Injury For removal of steam equipment from pipe work and to ensure no risk of scalding/ burns two valve isolation is required as per schematic. In addition to aid the operator the pipe must be able to be drained of any pressure. This should be checked with the aid of a pressure gauge. If primary and secondary isolation valves are operated incorrectly, then “steam scoring “of the valve faces can occur.

Drain points should be installed to drain the pressure from the steam line. Manual drain points should be used in conjunction with a pressure gauge.

Drain points have been known to clog with pipe debris and pressure needles can stick or the gauge can go out of calibration.

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Once the pressure has been drained and the steam pipe left to cool down, a manual drain is required to prevent any condensate build up if there is leakage past the isolating valves. Overnight cold condensate can build up; however in the length of isolated pipe work there may be an increase in temperature towards the leakage isolation valve. When equipment is removed from the pipe the rush of cold condensate can become scalding hot even from a small steam leak.

• Water Hammer When a steam line is brought back into service it needs to be slowly warmed

up to allow the condensate that forms to be removed by the automatic trap sets. A manual drain is required to ensure that the automatic traps have removed the condensate build up. Once steam is issuing through the manual drain, it should be considered safe to slowly pressurise the line to prevent water hammer which can cause valves and pipelines to rupture.

• Injury due to poor access / obstructions to meters such as back strain falls from ladders etc.

Health and Safety (Heat Metering)

• Low Temperature Hot water up to 90 C ( LTHW ) • Medium Temperature Hot water up to 145 C ( MTHW )

The main risks with hot water systems / metering are that of Scalding or Burns when equipment needs to be removed.

Most of the heat circulating circuits throughout the university is classed as LTHW.

However, there are a number of locations where the circulating circuits are classed a MTHW e.g. Stopford Boiler House with associated Primary heating circuits supplying the Stopford Building, Michael Smith Building, Dover Street Building and AV Hill Building. The MTHW circuits are operated under pressure such that when open to atmosphere the MTHW content will “flash off “ to produce low pressure steam.

The same considerations are to be given to hot water metering as for steam to prevent injury and to minimize the risks for maintenance, calibration and to obtain readings.

• Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain falls from ladders etc. Health and Safety (Gas Metering) University sub meters

• Fire and or explosion To prevent an unsafe condition occurring which could produce a fire and or

explosion, all gas meter pulse outputs are to be galvanically isolated from the monitoring equipment with the use of a chatter box.

• Risk of gas escape All gas meters all to be installed and commissioned to maintain the gas

integrity by a suitably qualified gas engineer.

• Injury due to poor access to meters such as back strain, falls from ladders etc.

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Appendix 3 : Electric Meters

All meters will be Code 5 approved type either:-

The Elster A1700 Multi Utility Meter (Stores Energy half hour data for up to 450 days)

The Elster A1700 Multi Utility / Instrumentation Meter ( Stores Energy half hour data for up to 450 days and stores up to 8 parameter such as average half hour value for phase voltage , phase amps for up to 370 days ) ( to be installed as the Main Switch Board Meter or LV Transformer Supply )

The Elster A1140 Meter (Stores Energy half hour data for up to 90 days)

The two types of A1700 meters can be fitted with a 4 channel pulse input module to input pulse data from water, gas, electric, heat or steam meters. They can be fitted with a PSTN or GSM Modem or Network Device for remote communications.

The meters are OFGEM approved and can be supplied, installed and commissioned by Meter Operators for sub metering such as

AMEY (ex-United Utilities Metering / ex- Enterprise Metering) Npower Western Power Energy ICT (now owned by Elster Metering)

The contact details are provided in the Appendix.

If purchased by or issued “Free of Charge “to an Electrical Panel Manufacturer, the cost needs to include for commissioning the meters on site. This will include any communications equipment, Coherent Multi Modem Adapter and Coherent Ethernet device which require being included in the costs. Connection of the patch leads / or daisy linking cables to any of the meters should only be carried out on site.

One panel manufacturer made up the patch leads used for daisy linking the meters incorrectly and caused £1000 damage to the Coherent Multi Modem Adapter boards when the power was applied to a meter marshalling panel.

The electric meters are to be commissioned on site. A pre-commissioning check / visual check require to be carried out to enable practical handover. However, to check the meters connected to current transformers for accuracy, there needs to be at least 20% load to enable the use of a ZERA TPC Calibration Test Unit

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Communication Limitations

The meters can be daisy linked together, however at this time, meters from different manufacturers cannot be linked together in the same daisy chain.

The Elster A1700 meters are supplied as a standard with a plug-in RS232 port module. Using a Multi Modem Adapter supplied from Coherent up to 255 meters can be multi dropped together using Cat 5E patch leads. The maximum distance between the first and last meter should not exceed 1000 metres. The RS232 port can be connected to a telephone system via a modem using a Coherent Eurocom 24 PSTN modem or connected to the Ethernet using a Coherent IDCi or IDC32 device. ( As of December 09 an IDC vis under development ) The IDC32 device is supplied with a plug in 240 v

transformer power supply. The IDCi for a single meter installation requires a supplementary 240 volt power supply. However, if two or more meters are daisy linked together then no supplementary power source is required

The meters can be programmed with the manufacturer’s software using different meter schemes to record and display different parameters locally and remotely. The instantaneous values for the phase voltages, current loading, the frequency, power factor, power and reactive power can view locally or remotely via the Scheme file and using “ LIVE Link “ Function.

The Elster meter can be supplied with an optional RS232 or RS485 communication port. We do not use the RS485 Option. Instead we use the RS232 option with a Coherent Multi Modem adapter Board

Elster 4 channel pulse input module Coherent IDCi Ethernet

communications

6 way terminal connections for daisy linking up to 10 meters using Elster RS232 multi-drop

Coherent Multi Modem Adapter PCB Board for connection of up to 255 meters using Cat 5 cable

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The RS232 module can be used to multi drop up to 10 meters using a single communications device. The multi-drop transmission distance is up to 12 metres. Each meter in the chain has to be fitted with a RS232 multi-drop module. They are hard wired together using a six core cable. This option is rarely used at the University.

A single IDCi installed to a single A1700 requires a supplementary power supply. A mock up is shown in the photo. When two or more A1700 meters are daisy linked together then the power supply is not necessary. A 2 metre patch lead is supplied with the power supply unit from Coherent

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Unless specified all meters are to be current transformer operated type. (Elster A1140 or Elster A1700 Multi Utility Meter)

The main meter to monitor the supply to an LV panel from transformer or for building require to an Elster A1700 Multi Utility Instrumentation meter. Model Number PB3CABYHT -2

All current operated meters are to be installed with means to short out the current transformers. This will be either be a Autometer Test Terminal Block or WAGO test terminals (refer to enclosed photos).

No electric meter is to be installed to any LV switch / distribution panel other than for a Schneider PowerLogic 700 meter ( please refer to the University Electrical Specification ) to enable the phase loads to be viewed whilst operating switch gear to power up or shut down a panel.

Main LV switch panels are to be metered using a remote meter marshalling panel. Distribution panels are

to be metered using a separate LV metering panel

With agreement a whole current meter (Elster A1140 or Elster A1700 Multi Utility Meter) may be installed to a non-essential supply. An example would be to install a whole current meter to an electric immersion heater used as a backup for steam or LTHW heated DHW calorifier.

Remote meter marshalling panel fitted with CT operated Elster A1700 meters,

connected using test terminal block. The main panel meter is Elster A1700

Multi Utility Instrumentation Meter

This panel was manufactured by R & D Electrical

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The installation of a single Elster A1140 meter does not need a supplementary power supply. Instead we use the Coherent IDCi RS485 Adapter connected to a Coherent IDCi Ethernet communications device.

Meter marshalling panel using the Elster A1140 meter connected via test terminal blocks. This panel was manufactured by Lostock Electrical Test Terminal Block Autometer: - Part No ATB 23008

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The Coherent A1140 RS485 Adapter is used to daisy link either:-

Five of more A1140 meters using RJ45 patch leads or

Connecting Elster A1140 meters to a daisy chain of Elster A1700 meters

Note: - the connector on the A1140 meter is an RJ11. The adapter shown can be connected to up to 4 meters using RJ 11 patch leads.

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Local Metering of Distribution Boards

LV metering panel mounted to the underside of a Merlin Gerin Isobar 4 distribution board

Just out of sight an Autometer block CT with the phase cables in situ connected to the distribution board Autometer Part No NS 105 / up to 250 Amps Autometer Part No NS 140 from 250 up to 630 Amps

WAGO test terminal block WAGO part no *********

The panel door requires two 20mm cut outs to enable the meter

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AV Hill Building Power and Lighting Boards supplied off a single Riser. The meters for the power distribution boards were removed a cost saving. The pre-equipped metering

Un-metered PowerDistribution Board pre- equipped to installa meter without apower down

Metered Lightingdistribution board.The CT block isclearly visible

Block Current Transformer

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panels allow for floors to be rented out. As a Science Building the un-metered power boards will require metering to attain the 90 % rule.

Current Transformers

Experience has shown that whenever possible block current transformers should be used so that the phase currents are measured, unidirectional.

The practice of using summation current transformers to meter two or more distribution boards in order to save on installation cost is not acceptable for best practice energy management.

Suggested size of plant where separate metering would be applicable (Page 11 from GIL 065)

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Customer ref.

Consequences of incorrect installation

The example below shows the effect of incorrectly connected current transformer. This example is from a meter installed to a new replacement LV switch board. In this instance one of the current transformers has been incorrectly wired. This example has not been an isolated incident. The measurement error could be as much as 75%. See below.

In other cases the current transformer ratios have been incorrectly programmed. This has included a Fiscal meter in an isolated case. The measurement error will be in proportion to the CT Ratio Error . A more pronounced error resulting with a greater reduction of Energy consumed is when the voltage source applied to the meter is out of phase with the current. Hence, the need to carry out a calibration test with the meter under partial load using a ZERA TPC calibration instrument. The measurement error on the North West Multi Storey Car Park was almost 90%.

Example commissioning data printouts

Current transformer wiring reversed on the Blue Phase. Monitored energy usage 4.608 kW

Commissioning Data no.: • Customer name: • Install date: 13:46 10 September 2003 • Serial no.: S02ZB61081 • Meter type: P5 • CT Ratio: 160 / 5 • VT Ratio: None •Meter settings R Y B • Phase I Angle (°): 31 155 88 • Phase V Angle (°): 0 122 235 • Phase current (A): 45.216 44.896 -45.216 • Phase volts (V): 238 238 244 •Totals • Voltamperes (kVA): 8.064 • Active power (kW): 4.608 • Reactive power (kVAr): 6.528 • Mains Frequency (Hz): 49.94 • Power Factor: 0.57 • Phase Rotation: RYB •Approval • Printed name: • Signature: • Date:

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•Meter Commissioning Data

• Customer ref. no.: • Customer name: • Install date: 13:54 10 September 2003 • Serial no.: S02ZB61081 • Meter type: P5 • CT Ratio: 160 / 5 • VT Ratio: None

Current transformer wiring corrected. The correct energy usage 17.664 kW

•Meter settings R Y B • Phase I Angle (°): 26 148 267 • Phase V Angle (°): 0 122 241 • Phase current (A): 44.608 46.752 47.968 •

Phase volts (V): 239 238 244 •Totals • Voltamperes (kVA): 27.648 • Active power (kW): 17.664 • Reactive power (kVAr): 21.504 • Mains Frequency (Hz): 50.03 • Power Factor: 0.63 • Phase Rotation: RYB •Approval • Printed name: • Signature: • Date:

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Current Transformer VA Burden

When choosing the VA of a current transformer, the burden of the instrument should be taken into account. For example, moving iron panel meters require a VA of less than 2.5. Where possible the instrument is remote from the CT, the VA imposed by the length of the connection wires should be taken into consideration. The graph opposite outlines the effect of connection wire length on VA.

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Main Meter

Lighting Loads

Small Power

Building Distribution

Main Meter

Building Power Mechanical

Plant Building Lighting

Catering Equipment

Pumps Ground Floor lighting load

Busbar Riser (s)

IT Server Room

Air Handing Units

First Floor lighting load

Ground FloorPower Board

Computer Cluster

Air Compressors

Second Floor lighting load

Ground FloorPower Board

Laboratory /Process Loads

Laboratory Equipment

Nth Floor lighting load

First FloorPower Board

Library Services

Central Cooling Plant

Plant room lighting load

Nth FloorPower Board

Utility Supply Main building Meter

Transformer Meter No 1

Transformer Meter No 2

Transformer Meter No 3

Renewables Electric Generation

Typical Metering Tree to comply with the 90% rule (applicable to the larger Science / Engineering building)

Elster A1700 Instrumentation Fiscal Meter

Elster A1700 Instrumentation Meter

Elster A1700 or A1140 Meter

Fiscal Meter

Plant Loads

Cooling Equipment

Process Cooling

External lighting load

DHW Immersion Heatering

Split A/C Units

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Un-metered Power Board

Main

Main Meter

Building Distribution

Plant Loads

Lighting Loads

Small Power

Typical Loads requiring metering to comply with the 90% rule for a smaller building or separate LV panel.

Elster A1700 Instrumentation Meter

Elster A1700 or A1140 Meter

The sum of the un-metered small power boards must be no greater than 10% of the total building load

External lighting load

Busbar Riser

Renewables Electric Feed in Generation

Mechanical Plant

Chiller Plant

Café Supplies

Air Compressors

Busbar Riser

Un metered SPARE

Plant room lighting load

Un-metered Power Board Class Rooms

3rd Floor lighting load

Un-metered Power Board Class Rooms

Second Floor lighting load

Un-metered Power Boards

Class Rooms First Floor lighting load

Un-metered Power Board Class Rooms

Ground Floor lighting load

IT Server Room

Computer Cluster

Un-metered Small Power Board

Local AHU for Lecture Theatre

Un-metered Small Power Board

Local AHU for Lecture Theatre

Laboratory /Process Loads

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Appendix 4 : Gas Metering

Fiscal Gas Meters

To monitor the pulse output from any fiscal gas meter, a chatter box or ATEX approved radio device has to be installed by a National Grid approved installer. Alternately, the incumbent gas supplier may wish to own the galvanic isolation device installed.

National Grid will remove any device which has not been installed by an approved installer. National Grid typically charge £592 + Vat to install a chatterbox and pulse output cable.

Using an approved supplier such as IM-Serve the cost is almost halved.

The current gas supplier Gazprom will install an ATEX approved galvanic isolation device of their own specification.

I. Pulse Output 1 will provide a connection for a Gazprom AMR device to provide a monthly

remote to import into their billing system. II. Pulse Output 2 will provide connection to any NATIONAL GRID device (LDZ gas distribution

management and / or daily monitoring of Interruptible gas supplies and large Firm Gas Supplies in excess of 250,000 Therms).

III. Pulse Output 3 will provide to connect the customers Energy Management System for live data usage display.

Gas Sub Meters

The selection of the correct type of gas meter and ancillary equipment is important otherwise some of the gas usage may not be monitored. The type of meter selected will depend on

i. Minimum and Maximum Flow ii. Turndown Ratio iii. Type of gas equipment ( lab bench equipment, boiler load, catering equipment,

laundry equipment, workshop equipment / furnace / kiln )

For low volumes of gas usage (laboratory Bunsen Burners, Laundry Tumble Driers) for accurate monitoring a positive displacement (Diaphragm) meter must be used.

An alternative for very low gas flows is the Delta QD Rotary Piston meter. They have been especially designed for industrial use and for secondary measurement and are particularly adapted when the flow can be low or irregular. (Model QD25 1 to 25 m3 / hr and the QD60 2.5 to 60 m3 / hr)

For volume flows up to 160 m3/h (~ 1,760 kW) a diaphragm meter can be used. However, this is a bulky meter and two to three times more expensive than an equivalent rotary meter. If the turndown ratio is not critical, especially if there is a space limitation, a rotary meter may be used. Example: - a gas supply a workshop with four 60 kW radiant heaters each controlled with an on / off thermostat then a rotary meter would be applicable.

The pressure drop across the meter is also important, a 100mm pipe may be able to supply two boilers rated at 750 kW input, however the pressure drop across a 100mm meter located in the basement was sufficient to breach the Gas Safety Regulation for the boilers located five story’s above on the roof. Instead the 100mm was removed and an 80mm meter was installed adjacent to each boiler.

On the advice of National Grid all sub gas meters should be installed with a chatter box or galvanic isolation device

When specifying a gas rotary meter you must be aware of the pressure drop across the meter. The practice of a contractor reducing costs by installing the next size down gas meter diameter from the actual gas pipe line diameter may result in too great a pressure drop across the gas distribution system causing a “lock out “condition at certain elevated loads.

Note: - the pressure drop across the Delta QD Rotary Piston meter can be as much as 4 mbar. The designer must take this in to consideration when selecting the most suitable gas meter.

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For radio communications the university uses the best practice method adopted for the gas industry. A chatterbox will be installed to each sub meter (Dresser 103-e) interposed between the pulse output and the connection to the metering system using a non ATEX radio device or hard wire connection to a data logger.

Dresser 103-e Chatterbox / Dresser Gas Corrector

The Dresser 103-e chatterbox is a battery operated (10 year battery life) 4 input channel galvanic isolation device with the pulse outs POLARITY Sensitive. A plant room containing four boilers each fitted with a gas meter requires a single chatterbox to provide for a safe installation.

Although the chatterbox is used extensively throughout the fiscal gas metering industry when excessive prices may be charged by the gas supplier for a fiscal meter installation (typically £ 592 + Vat), the device is easily obtainable for around £ 150.

The (Dresser 103-e chatterbox) device can also be configured for a single input to produce four duplicated outputs.

For a large sub metered gas supply (where a gas booster set is installed and fitted with an inverter speed control or in a pipe line where there are temperature variations) a gas corrector will be connected to the gas meter. The gas corrector modifies the volume pulse from the gas meter and measures the gas temperature to provide density compensation. A variable gas pressure (high / low modulating boiler demand) or variable gas temperature (winter / summer ambient temperature) will affect the gas density and its calorific valve per unit volume which implies upon the measured (kW) energy use.

4 Input Channel Dresser Chatterbox

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DHW Boiler No1 gas meter

DHW Boiler No2 gas meter

Catering / Kitchen gasmeter

Laundry equipmentgas meter

Laboratory gas meter

Workshop gasmeter

CT Circuit heat meter

VT Circuit Heat Meter

CHP unit gas meter

Fiscal gas meter

Heat Meter

Typical gas meter consumptions for Academic and Residential Properties

HTG Boiler No 1 gas meter

HTG Boiler No 2 Gas meter

The main gas meter may be installed as a Fiscal or a building sub-meter. For either case this is the measurement point to enable a building DEC and the Carbon Footprint to be produced. Gas meters are required for gas fired boiler equipment to enable commissioning of the each boiler for the GAS Safe Regulations, i.e. for initial install and after annual servicing or repairs to the gas firing equipment.

A meter enables remote monitoring of the boiler efficiency for heating and DHW boilers.

Gas meters are required for Catering / Kitchen Equipment, Laboratory and Process gas usages to enable the use to be identified and subtracted from the building total for bench marking and to improve the DEC rating.

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Appendix 5 : Heat & Chilled Water Metering

5.0 Invasive Heat Meters (Actaris Flow Meter) for LHTW and Chilled Water connected to a Calec ST Heat Meter Integrator

The university has experienced a very poor service for the installation of heat / chilled water meters in new build projects. The accuracy of most of the 20 installed meters is in doubt if not all.

The simple reason for these poor installations is either laziness or the failure to read and understand the manufacture’s simple installation instructions

Common Installation Faults

• The flow meter installed into the flow pipe whilst the integrator has been programmed for a

meter installed in the return pipe work.

• The temperature probe cables are supplied as a matched pair. Spare cable needs to be coiled up and not cut down to length as contractors have done previously. An unmatched pair will affect the temperature differential and thus the accuracy of the heat flow measurement.

• Flow meters installed with insufficient straight lengths of pipe work before and after the flow meter to

ensure laminar flow through the meter. The practise of installing valves, in some cases by-passes or thermometer pocket within the permitted straight lengths will result in turbulent flow which produces inaccurate flow measurement.

• Temperature probe cables and cable junction left unconnected.

• Equipment / probe cables to connect the flow meter and temperature probes to the heat meter

integrator missing.

• No power supply to the integrator.

• Signal cables routed pulses or M-Bus communications routed within 50 mm of power cables.

Heat meter manufacturer’s recommend for longevity of the flow meter, it should be located in the cooler fluid flow stream. This is the industry standard. For this reason they supply pre-programmed integrators and label / calibrate for the installation of the flow meter on the return. Otherwise the heat meter installation needs to be commissioned on site or the integrator programmed for the flow meter on the flow.

For all Invasive heating / chilled water metering installations, the contractor will install the Actaris Flow Meter, for LTHW or CHW with a Calec ST Heat Meter Integrator. Upon completion of the installation the contractor will employ the meter manufacturer’s representative to check the installation has been correctly installed.

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The accuracy is more important than pressure loss.

Clean heating system before installation of the heat meter.

Flow meter and temperature sensors have to be installed on the same circuit.

Ensure sufficient straight pipe lengths before and after a Velocity Flow meter to ensure “Laminar Flow“.

Flow meter should be installed on the return pipe (cold pipe).

The distance between signal wires (M-Bus, Repetition) and power lines should be in minimum 50mm.

For metering accuracy the temperature differential between the flow and return needs to be greater than 3.5oCentrigrade.

Equipment Access (Health and Safety Considerations)

In many situations within a plant the only location where there are sufficient straight lengths is to locate the flow meter or sensor at high level. In such cases ensure that the integrator is mounted between waist and head height to avoid the need for ladders or having to stoop unless a platform is provided.

A contractor will try to avoid additional costs particularly if, as in some case the temperature probes may come in various lengths from 2 to 10 metres. In some recent installations a number of meters were fitted with 2 metre temperature probes. The contractor used the cheaper Actaris CF ECHO which is supplied with 2 metre length temperature probes. This meter is used for small diameter pipe found in the European Domestic heat metering market. The use of the CF55 system for two of four wire temperature probes means the cable lengths are not restrictive. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions.

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Data Parity for Virtual Metering

To provide the best resolution always specify the lowest value for the pulse output. Common pulse out values can be:-

1.0 kWh, 2.5 kWh 10.0 kWh 25.0 kWh 100 kWh 250 kWh

To create accurate Virtual Meters and avoid any negative values within a measuring system ensure the pulse values are compatible throughout. This applies to water, gas, heating / chilled water and steam meters where pulse output values may vary.

Aquametro Calec ST Heat Meter Integrator (Modbus Variant) allowing integration of meter readouts into the Coherent Energy Metering System

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This paragraph refers to a Actaris CF 51 or CF 55 Integrator which has can be found around the Campus and which has been superseded by the Aquametro Modbus Calec ST Heat Meter Integrator

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Typical Heat Metering Applications / Zoning

CT Heat Meter 24 Hour AHU Heat Meter

Steam heated calorifer or gas fired boiler

Timed ON// OFFAHUs Virtual Meter

CT Heat Meterfor DHWCalorifier

VT West Heat Meter

G Floor Radiators

1st Floor Radiators

2nd Floor Radiators

3rd Floor Radiators

Library VT HeatMeter ExtendedHours of Use

VT East Virtual Heat

1st Floor Radiators

2nd Floor Radiators

3rd Floor Radiators

VT East Heat Meter

For Display Energy Certification a main building meter is required. However, for energy conservation i.e. EPBD requirements additional metering is required dependent up, building orientation, time of use, zone temperature and occupation. With the recent introduction of Modbus Metering the traditional method of controlling zones using a three port valve can be replaced using an inverter (see the Danfoss Application Guide) and connecting to a flow and return temperature sensor to create a virtual heat. Refer to the Modbus Metering Notes

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Typical Chilled Water Circuit Applications

Chiller Plant No 1

Chiller Plant No 2

Refrigeration plant requires to be monitored to comply with requirement for Air Conditioning Inspection requirements.

In order to monitor the cooling plant efficiency, install one of the following options

• A single chilled water meter in common return pipe and install Modbus Metering to

each of the pumped circuits.

• Install a chilled water meter to each of the pumped circuits and create a main virtual meter.

Each Chilled Water Plant is to be monitored with an Elster A1700 or A1140 Electric Meter

coolingpump

PumpSupply toAHU Plant

ChilledWaterMeter

PumpSupply toLab

Fan CoilUnit CircPump

Gnd Floor FCUs

1st Floor FCUs

2nd Floor FCUs

3rd Floor FCUs

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5.2 Non-Invasive Heating / Cooling Meters

After the completion of Phase One of the new build and refurbishments a number of projects have had to be retro fitted with additional meters. For small diameter pipe work, up to 150 mm non-invasive Actaris meters have been installed. In some locations where no isolation valves were installed it was necessary to install Non- Invasive Ultrasonic heat meters supplied by Micronics.

Their installation is more appropriate for large diameter pipe work and heating systems operating at elevated temperatures. Their disadvantage is their higher cost for supply / commissioning plus the cost of a recommended annual recalibration visit, unlike the Invasive meters which require no such visits.

U2000 / U3000 Ultrasonic Flow Meter for larger pipe diameters up to 2000mm

Ultrasonic flow sensor which connects to a Caltec Heat Meter Integrator Unit (not shown) normally supplied with 10 meter probe cables and clamp on temperature sensor.

The installation needs to be covered using removable insulation jackets to prevent inaccurate temperature readings.

Ultrasonic Flow Meter Axial and Radial Flow Sensor Location

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Available from Micronics the new U1000 Ultrasonic Flow meter

Accuracy: +/-1-3% of flow reading for >0.3m/s. Flow Velocity Range: 0.1 to 10m/s, bidirectional. Pipe Range: 50-150mm DN. Water Temp Range: 0°C to 85°C. Flow Rate Output: Opto Isolated 4-20mA. Volume Output: Pulse or Frequency. External Power Supply: 12V-24V +/- 10% AC/DC at 7 watts. Electronics Enclosure: IP54. Input/Output Cable: 5m x 6 core for power in and data out.

Factory configured for pipe size - minimal site configuration. Simplified guide rail & sensor assembly - simple installation. Clamp-on non-invasive & low install cost. LCD with backlight - install & service information. Integrated pulse and 4-20mA output - aM&T & BEM's compatible

March 15 The new Micronics Ultraflo U1000 HM (integrated ultrasonic flow meter and heat integrator)

This unit has now been upgraded March 2015

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U1000 HM – Fixed Ultrasonic Heat/Energy Meter with Modbus Communication Measurement Technique: Transit time and PT100 Class B 4 wire Turn Down Ratio: 200:01 Heat Meter Standard: The Heat/Energy calculation is designed to comply with EN1434 section 6, third party certification pending. Accuracy: +/-1-3% of flow reading for >0.3m/s Flow Velocity Range: 0.1 to 10m/s Pipe Range: 25mm – 115mm OD Water Temp Range: 0°C to 85°C Temperature sensors: Clamp-on PT100 Class B 4 wire, range 0 to 85°C, resolution 0.1 °C Output: Pulse or Frequency, Energy or Volume flow Modbus Communication: Modbus RTU slave, RS485 serial link hardware layer. Energy, power, temperature and flow. External Power Supply: 12V-24V +/- 10% AC/DC at 7 watts Electronics Enclosure: IP54 Input/Output Cable: 5m x 6 core for power in and data out Dimensions: 250mm x 48mm x 90mm (electronics + guide rail)

Suitable for plastic pipe 25mm -110mm OD (maximum wall thickness 2.5mm ) Suitable for metal pipe ¾ inch – 4 inch DN20 –DN100 Suitable for copper pipe 28mm – 108mm OD

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Appendix 6 : Steam Metering (Saturated Steam)

Pressure Gauge

Double Isolation valves for steam shut off and drain down valves for maintenance. Spirax Sarco DIVA steam meter

available in sizes 50mm, 80mm and 100mm

Note: - Refer to manufacturer’s installation instructions for the correct Upstream / Downstream lengths of straight pipe for “Laminar “flow. Failure to adhere any manufactures instructions will render the installation as useless and will not be accepted.

Polarity Sensitive connection to:- • • •

Radio pulse transmitter ( 3.4 volts dc ) Elster A1700 pulse input module Coherent IDC32 data logger ( 9.0 volts dc )

Output terminals (-V dc +dc ) 28 volts dc MAX

Min Straight Lengths BEFORE meter 6 D Min Straight Lengths AFTER meter 3 D

24 volt dc power supply. (+ V dc -V dc)

Plug in power supply for DIVA steam meter is available RS Components Stock No 423-7852

This is a 240 Volt ac plug with a 24 Volt dc output. One contractor installed a 24 Volt ac supply and caused damage to the to the internal electronic components

The university has a typical steam flow, seasonal turndown ratio of at least 16:1 when the winter and summer loading is compared before the daily minimum and maximum loadings are taken into consideration. Accurate steam metering is expensive, however using the Spirax-Sarco DIVA steam metering can be a cost effect solution to comply with EU Directive Energy Performance in Buildings and the Carbon Reduction Commitment.

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Flow orientations

The orientation of the DIVA flowmeter can have an effect on the operating performance. Installed in horizontal pipe, the DIVA has a steam pressure limit of 32 bar g, and a 50:1 turndown. As shown in Figure 4.3.17, if the DIVA is installed with a vertical flow direction then the pressure limit is reduced, and the turndown ratio will be affected if the flow is vertically upwards.

Health and Safety

For removal of steam equipment from pipe work and to ensure no risk of scalding / burns two valve isolation is required as per schematic. In addition to aid the operator the pipe must be able to be drained of any pressure. This should be checked with the aid of a pressure gauge. If primary and secondary isolation valves are operated incorrectly, then “steam scoring “of the valve faces can occur. Drain points have been known to clog with pipe debris and pressure needles can stick or the gauge can go out of calibration.

The practice carried out by one contractor on a new build to install an isolating valve before and after the meter and also install a by-pass valve is UNSAFE, wasteful of materials and wasteful of energy in service.

Metering Accuracy

To ensure metering accuracy the DIVA steam meter must be installed with at least SIX straight unobstructed pipe lengths BEFORE the meter and THREE straight pipe lengths AFTER the meter. No tap offs for drain points, tap offs for pressure gauges or thermometer pockets are located within these straight lengths.

Please refer to Spirax Sarco document IM-P337-36

53

Compliance for the Energy Performance in Building Directive (EPBD), Display Energy Certificate (DEC) and the Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC)

To comply with the DEC requirements we need a single steam meter to monitor the total steam consumed in a building and if the pipe diameter is greater than100mm then a Spirax Sarco ILVA steam meter is required which provides a turndown ratio of 100:1 However, the ancillary equipment to effect the measure measurement, a Differential pressure transmitter, pressure and of temperature transducer connected to steam flow computer makes the installation very expensive. Dependent upon the pipe sizes up to £ 10 K or more.

To prevent energy wastage then we need to comply with the 90% rule. Therefore the system should be broken down for monitoring the individual services as per the example below.

Example

A 150 mm steam main is used to supply a 100mm branch for plate heat exchanger (heating), an 80mm branch for process steam (Laboratory autoclave or Catering Steam etc.) and a 50mm branch for domestic hot water plate heat exchangers.

Option 1

The normal approach would have been to install a single 150mm Spirax Sarco IVLA steam meter, pressure differential transmitter , sensing pipe work and isolation valves , pressure transducer and or temperature transducer, and a steam flow computer. The steam flow computer requires a 240 Volt power supply. The pulse output from the steam flow computer requires to be connected to a data logger remotely connected via a modem or the Ethernet

Option 2

Install a Spirax Sarco DIVA to each of the branches (3 in total) Each DIVA requires a 24 volt dc power source supplied from a £ 40, 240 volt ac / 24 volt dc plug in transformer from RS Components. The pulse output from the DIVA consists of PNP / NPN output with a maximum voltage rating of 24 volt dc. It can be connected direct to a Coherent IDC32 data logger (voltage source 9.0 volts dc), to an Elster A1700 Multi Utility electric meter fitted with a four input module which has an on board power source or a Radio-Tech pulse output transmitter 3.4 volts dc as per schematic

54

Although this solution is slightly more expensive, the opportunity to identify and reduce wastage is better. To produce a building total meter then within Coherent Data Collection software a virtual meter can be created.

Typical Steam Metering Applications

If possible steam for humidity control is to be avoided. The MIB Building was designed for a total load consumption of 5000 kg/hr. The steam measured for RH control was 1300 kg/hr. The RH has been shut off for over three years without detriment to the occupants or use of the building.

Steam for laboratory use additional to sterilisers and discard autoclaves around the university is :-

Textiles Department Paper Sciences Pilot Plant The Morton Laboratories Steam Rigs Chemical Engineering Classroom Demonstration rigs

There steam usage for each location is low compared to that used for heating and hot water production. However, to comply with the 90% rule each case must be assessed.

LTHW Plate HTR Exchanger

DIVA steam meter DHW HTR PLate

DIVA steam meter DHW HX No 1

DIVA steam meter Textiles

Virtual Building steam meter DIVA steam meter

Lab Autoclave

DIVA steam meter Lab Process heating

DIVA steam meter Catering Equipment

DIVA steam meter for humidity control

DIVA steam meter

CT Circuit heat meter

LTHW Plate HTR Exchanger VT Circuit

Heat Meter

55

Appendix 7 : Water Metering

The University consumes 800,000 cubic meters of water annually. All buildings have a mains water meter, either a fiscal meter or a sub meter. However, the patterns of usage and where the water is consumed are not always understood. This includes sources of wastage and leakage. In addition there are the Legionella Regulations to ensure that there is a regular flow of water through the water storage tanks.

(The volume of stored cold water should be minimised and should not normally exceed that required

for one day’s water use although in healthcare premises, a nominal 12 hours total onsite storage capacity is recommended. e.g. Welcome Trust and Wolfson Magnetic Imaging Centre)

A water meter is to be installed:-

• to each supply into the building. • to monitor water consumed by such services as a Café or Catering Area, laundries. • to any large or identifiable water supplies in workshops or laboratories (e.g. Reverser

Osmosis Plant ) • to the rundown of each water storage tank (this is to monitor the flow rate through each tank

and in some instances provide leak monitoring during out of hours use). • to any standby water supply for chilled water laboratory equipment etc. • to any photographic equipment or other equipment with automatic flush cycles, such as

glass boiler washers. • if necessary to feed supplying Laboratory or Domestic Hot Water plate heat exchangers or

calorifiers.

For any water meter from size 15mm up to 40mm an Actaris Aquadis cold water will be used fitted with a Cyble K = 1 pulse output unit.

For any water meter from size 50mm and above an Actaris Flostar cold water will be used fitted with a Cyble K = 1 pulse output unit.

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Water Meter

RO Plant Water Meter

Café WaterMeter

Make UpWater Meter

Boiler water make- upmeter ( Supply costrecoverable from waterUtility Company )

Humidifier Water Supply Meter

Domestic Hot Water

Main Building Water Meter

Lab DHW CW Tank

DHW CW Tank

Lab CW TankNo1

Lab CW TankNo 2

Domestic CWTank No 1

Domestic CWTank No 2

Meter Water Meter

Water Meter

Water Meter

Water Meter

Water Meter

Virtual Meter fordrinking

Dependent on the configuration of the water services it may be appropriate to install water meters close to the Domestic Hot Water Calorifiers or Plate Heat Exchanges.

Typical Water Distribution

Rain Water Harvesting Tank

Water Meter

57

Appendix 8 : Modbus Metering The Coherent Open Data Collection software has been developed as a multi-functional data gathering tool to be able to communicate with meters using pulse inputs, PSTN and GSM Modems, Ethernet, GPRS, Radio signals, Modbus and M- Bus.

The Danfoss inverter drives installed to pumps, fume cupboards, supply and extract fans are pre-equipped with a number of communication protocols including Modbus RTU.

Coherent have designed and produced standard components to connect between the Coherent IDC32 and the Danfoss which consists of the Modbus Faceplate and a four meter cable connected to Male 4 pin Bulgin plug, The Energy Team have over three of both these items in stock.

The Modbus Faceplate which has a 4 pin Female socket mounted on it has been designed to be mounted on to a Metalclad surface mounted back box. The faceplate has been designed to connect up to two or more inverters and is a node point for testing the communication cabling.

The equipment has been designed to be installed by a data network cabling company using Cat5e data cable. The back box is to be mounted within one metre of the inverter. Any electrician can plug one end of the cable to the face plate socket and connect the other end of the cable to the RS485 terminals on the inverter control card.

To enable Virtual Heat metering, a temperature sensor needs to be installed in flow and return side of the fluid flow and connected to the inverter.

Bulgin 4 pin IP64 plug and socket factory prefabricated with 4 metres of cable to daisy link two or more inverters

The Bulgin 4 pin IP64 plug and Modbus Faceplacte. Factory prefabricated with 4 metres of cable to daisy link. Two or more inverters will be issued to the contractor on request until further notice.

Wiring instructions and a cable connection drawing is available. The communications programming for the Danfoss Inverter Modbus RTU will need to be carried out loclly. PLEASE refer to the Danfoss installations and Instruction Manual

58

Modbus Field Connection Back Plate showing Cat 5 wiring to daisy link up to 32 Modbus Devices within 1000 metres of Cat5e cabling.

Additional Benefits

The Energy Performance in Buildings Directive, Article 9 requires that Air Conditioning equipment needs to be inspected. As part of the inspection it is a requirement of the inspector to calculate the Specific Fan Power of the Air Handling Units to check it is has been sized and operated correctly by integrating the BMS time schedules. Using the Modbus this function can be automated. The power consumption of a fan or pump fan is proportional to the mass flow of the fluid with an approximately constant Specific Heat Capacity. Hence measuring the temperature differential across a system or AHU then the heat consumption can be calculated.

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Qsupplied = Mass Flow( air ) x Specific Heat Capacity( air ) x ( T2 – T1 )

Similarly for LTHW and MTHW heating systems Qsupplied = Mass Flow( water) x Specific Heat Capacity ( water ) x ( T2 – T1 )

DANFOSS VLT 6000 HVAC Inverters

Danfoss Inverter

T1

Supply Air QS

Danfoss Inverter

Return Air QE

T2

T4 T3

60

All DIL Switches to be set to the ON position for the first and last device in the chain. For all other devices in between the DIL Switches 2 and 3 should be set to the OFF position ( 1 and 4 ON )

61

62

VLT HVAC Series Modbus RTU

63

Coherent ModBus Outlet Installation

• The ModBus Outlet should be installed with the flat of the Bulgin connector uppermost. • In this orientation the connections to the Mod-Tap connectors are as follows: Pin 4

(Top connector) D0 or negative RS485 signal. • Pin 3 D1 or positive RS485 signal.

Pin 2 0V reference. • Pin 1 Positive supply voltage 5 – 24 V. • The ModBus outlet is designed for use with shielded CAT5 cable. • Two Mod-Tap connectors are provided so that the outlets may be daisy chained together. • The drain wire for the shield should be terminated to pin 2. The

recommended cable usage is a follows: • Pin 4 Brown • Pin 3 Brown/White • Pin 2 Drain wire + Green and Green/White pair. The drain wire should be terminated first to

ensure that is properly retained. • Pin 1 Orange and Orange/ White pair. • The cables should be strain relieved using the cable tie provided. • A jumper link can be installed on the posts on 0.1” centres to provide a 120R 100nF

termination to the ModBus line at the ends of the cable.

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Appendix 9 : Metering Communications

Coherent IDC32 Data Logger installed in a 500 mm x 400mm GRP Enclosure

The Coherent IDC32 is an Ethernet connected communications device it can be connected to :-

• 32 volt free contacts or opto-isolated pulses. ( voltage 9 volts dc ) • 32 Modbus units ( which can include up to 4 Modbus radios, Modbus Electric

Meters, Modbus equipped Inverter drives, or Gas / Heat Meter connected via an M-Bus Modbus converter )

• 255 RS232 connected electric meters • Up to several hundred radio pulse radio transmitters

A smaller enclosure than 500 mm x 400mm to save costs is not acceptable

Coherent IDC32

65

The Coherent IDC32 is no long manufactured although it is still support by the Coherent software. See additional notes

32 hardwired inputs

RS232 connector for up to 255 electric meters

Connector for up to 32 Modbus units

Temperature input

Co-axa cable connector for internally mounted radio receiver

RJ45 Ethernet connector

Radio Data Logging

Using a radio device connected to the university Ethernet enables live data to be viewed every 30 minutes. A network of radio masts have been installed throughout the university estate which operate on a licensed frequency of 153 MHz. The radio equipment consists of a radio receiver either mounted within the metal enclosure of the IDC32 or up to four Modbus radio connected externally to the IDC32 via the Modbus connector.

The radio logger is capable of receiving several hundred radio signals from the following Radio Tech transmitters

part number: - RT.com - 153 MHz (Single channel transmitters)

IDC32 shown with an internal mounted radio receiver.

Plug in power supply

66

The Coherent IDC and Modbus Pulse Counter replace the now obsolete Coherent IDC 32 as of October 2011

67

Building Asset No

Billing Utility Meter Number

Meter Meter Location / Name

Meter Type / pipe size or CT ratio for electric meters

Meter Serial Number and PIN Number for electric

Pulse output value

Connection method and voltage at meter output terminals

Pulse output Cable Continuity

Polarity Check at meter

Steam / Heat Meter or Electric Meter commissar on by

Signed by Contractor Signed by M& E consultant / Project Manager

University Meter Asset Number Issued by Energy Team

meters Radio = ** Volts DC IDC32 =** Volts DC A1700 = ** Volts DC

Check Certificate Number

015A A

BM W 001 M Main meter for building located in basement plant room

Actaris 80mm Flostar water meter

08AD057654 1 pulse =10

Litres

IDC32 Mac address 00:17:BF:00:00:C1 Input 1

9.0 volts dc

Yes N/A N/A

015A A

BM G 001 D Located in external Gas Meter House

Actaris U40 Gas Meter

40004179S 1 pulse = 100 dm3

Radio serial no 00056478

3.4 volts dc

Radio

Checked at chatterbox output terminals

N/A

015 BM E 001 M Located on LV

meter marshalling panel Transformer T1

015 S E 001 D Locates on LV

meter marshalling panel Mechanical Plant MCC Panel No 1

Elster A1700

C/T Ratio

1250 / 5

Elster A1700

CT Ratio

200 / 5

K09M006575

PIN = 001

K09M00676

PIN = 002

Connected to IDC32

Connected to IDC32

IDC32 Mac address 00:17:BF:00:00:C1 Input 1

Data Socket Ref 21/13/14 IDC 32 MAC address 00:17:BF:00:00:C1

Data Socket Ref 21/13/14

N/A Comms checked

N/ A Comms checked

United Utilities Metering Pre-handover and 20% load commissioning

United Utilities Metering Pre-handover and 20% load commissioning

Attached spread sheet with meter details issued by UU

Attached spread sheet with meter details issued by UU

015 SM W 003 M Roof Water CW Tank No 1 outlet

Actaris 40mm Aquadis water

08AF005478 1 pulse = 1 Litre

Radio serial no 00056480

3.4 volts dc

Radio N / A N/A

015 BM S 001 D Main Steam

meter located in Basement Plant Room No 2

Spirax Sarco DIVA 100mm steam meter

DJ 5662 09 1 pulse = 1 kg steam

IDC32 Mac address 00:17:BF:00:00:C1 Input 2

9 volts

Yes Checked at meter output terminals

Spirax Sarco Engineer Report 004132 Dated 06//09/09

015 SM H 001 D Located in Riser Cupboard No1 Main CT for roof AHU plant

034 SM H 002 D Located in supply to Block 1 DHW calorifier 6th

Floor Cupboard

034 BM H 001 D Located in roof plant room Chiller No 1, 2, 3 Common output

Micronics Non Invasive type meter

Actaris CF 55 heat meter located in RETURN pipe

Actaris CF 55 chilled water meter located in RETURN pipe

Ultrasonic Unit Serial No 5664 Integrator unit No D123456

Actaris 32mm hot water meter serial No 08AD057901 Integrator No 08007564 Actaris 100mm cold water meter serial No 08AF051234 Integrator No 08007568

1 pulse = 1 kw

1 pulse = 10 kw

1 pulse = 100 kw

Connected to A1700 Electric Meter Serial No K09M00679

Input 2 Connected to A1700 Electric Meter Serial No K09M00679

Input 3 IDC32 Mac address 00:17:BF:00:00:C6 Input 32

9.0 volts dc

Yes N/A Micronics Engineer Report No 004567 Dated 10/07/09

Yes N/A Checked by Stream Measurement Engineer Report 005612 Dated 11/07/09

Yes N/A Checked by Stream Measurement Engineer Report 005613 Dated 11/07/09

Example Handover Document ( Date )

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The meter asset number will be issued after handover by the university, all other information is to be completed and signed off by the relevant person or company representative. Issued by PSU, The University of Manchester.

The enclosure for housing the IDC32 requires to be a minimum size of 500 mm x 400mm wide.

The flow meters for Heat or Chilled water require to be installed in the RETURN pipe. Only the Actaris CF 55 heats meters are to be used which are also suitable for chilled water applications

For all flow meter installed into pipe work to maintain meter accuracy the meter manufacturer’s minimum number of straight pipe diameters of, unrestricted pipe lengths before and after the meter to provide LAMINAR flow through the meter must be adhered to.

All CT operated electric meters are to be fitted with an easily accessible means to short out each current transformer , a test terminal block or WAGO test terminals with the means to calibrate the accuracy of the electric meter in under a minimum load of 20%.

To comply with Health and Safety along with CDM all meter readouts are to be installed in easily accessible positions to enable the operator to read the meter face to minimise the risk of working at height or back strain etc. To eliminate the risk, a suitable, permanent access platform may be required in exceptional circumstances for maintenance.

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ilding Asset No Billing Utility Meter Number

Meter Meter Location / Name

Meter Type / pipe size or CT ratio for electric meters

Meter Serial, Model No Number / Name and PIN Number for electric meters

Pulse output value

Connection method and voltage at meter output terminals

Radio = ** Volts DC IDC =** Volts DC A1700 = ** Volts DC

Pulse output Cable Continuity Check

Polarity Check at meter

Steam / Heat Meter or Electric Meter commissioned on by

Certificate Number

Signed by Contractor Signed by M& E consultant / Project Manager

University Meter Asset Number Issued by Energy Team

Example Handover Document ( date)

The meter asset number will be issued after handover by the university, all other information is to be completed and signed off by the relevant person or company representative. Issued by PSU, The University of Manchester.

The enclosure for housing the IDC requires to be a minimum size of 500 mm x 400mm wide.

The flow meters for Heat or Chilled water require to be installed in the RETURN pipe.

For all flow meter installed into pipe work to maintain meter accuracy the meter manufacturer’s minimum number of straight pipe diameters of, unrestricted pipe lengths before and after the meter to provide LAMINAR flow through the meter must be adhered to.

All CT operated electric meters are to be fitted with an easily accessible means to short out each current transformer , a test terminal block or WAGO test terminals with the means to calibrate the accuracy of the electric meter in under a minimum load of 20%.

To comply with Health and Safety along with CDM all meter readouts /dials are to be installed in easily accessible positions to enable the operator to read the meter face to minimise the risk of working at height or back strain etc. To eliminate the risks, suitable, permanent access may be required for maintenance.

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Electricity Meter Terminals 3 phase 4 wire kWh meter

ELSTER A1140

2 1 3 4

5 8 6 7 9 10 12

3 phase shorting test

terminal block

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

S1 S2 S1 S2 S1 S2

L1 L2 L3

Current Transformers 3 phase

5 amp secondary

N L1 L2 L3

Voltage and Neutral Isolator 2 amp Fused

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Cur

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Tra

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s 3

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seco

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ELSTER A1140 – VERSION F Electricity Meter Terminals 3 phase 4 wire kWh meter

POWER LOAD

LIGHTING LOAD

Lighting Load 100 Amp Direct Connected

LIGHTING LOAD RIGHT HAND METER

L1 L2 L3 N

Main Isolating Fuses Fused according to Load

L1 L2 L3 N

SUPPLY BREAKER

3 phase shorting test terminal block

POWER LOAD LEFT HAND METER

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1 N L1 L2 L3 Supply Voltage

P2 and Neutral Isolator 2 amp Fused

S2 S1 S2 L1 L2

VOLTAG

E

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S1 S2 S1

L3 P1

SUPPLY BREAKER

Autometers Systems Limited 4B Albany Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester M21 0AW Tel: +44 (0) 161 861 9056 Fax: +44 (0) 161 881 3745 www.autometers.co.uk Email: sales@autometers.co.uk

DIAGRAM NUMBER: MUBTE 17

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TWIN METER UNIT FOR MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY

L1 L2

L3 N

L1 L2

L3 N

3 phase shorting test terminal block

LIGHTING LOAD RIGHT HAND METER

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

N L1 L2 L3 Supply Voltage

and Neutral Isolator 2 amp Fused

P2

S2 S1 S2

L1 L2

S1 S2 S1

L3 P1

SUPPLY BREAKER

3 phase shorting test terminal block

POWER LOAD LEFT HAND METER

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

S2-L3

S1-L3

S2-L2

S1-L2

S2-L1

S1-L1

P2

S2 S1 S2

L1 L2

S1 S2 S1

L3 P1

SUPPLY BREAKER

VOLTAG

E

Cur

rent

Tra

nsfo

rmer

s 3

phas

e 5

amp

seco

ndar

y

Cur

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Tra

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Autometers Systems Limited 4B Albany Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester M21 0AW Tel: +44 (0) 161 861 9056 Fax: +44 (0) 161 881 3745 www.autometers.co.uk Email: sales@autometers.co.uk

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76

77

M 3

Enclosure with 5 x 2.5mm terminalsWF Electrical Part No AL 2847. All signal cable to be Belden overall screened twisted 1 pair / 2 pair or 4 pair cable routed in suit ELV containment. Refer to university electrical cable installation specification for more detail

Any excess lenght of pulse output cable supplied by the meter manufacture is to be left coiled up .

DO NOT CUT SHORT

M 1 M2 2

` M6

M4

M3

Coherent 8 Channel Pulse

Input Unit

For larger pipe diameters >100mmm using a Micronics U-3000 clamp on heat meter.

8 input channels per Modbus Unit

RS232 D9 Conector to Up 32 Modbus devices an be daisy chained together Network Cable RJ45 plug made up cable The following are each a Modbus Device Cat 5E ( Molex ) Available from Coherent Coherent Modbus Radio

Coherent 8 Channel Modbus Pulse Input Module A Danfoss Inverter

Elster A1700 meter to be fitted with Modbus 4 metre Cable fitted A Calec ST Heat Meter Integrator a Coherent Premier Adapter with a male 3 pin Bulgin plug another Modbus device

Available from Coherent Patch Lead

Elster A11140 meter to be fitted with a Coherent PremierA1140 RS485 Adapter

Data Socket

Modbus Face Plate fitted with a female Bulgin 4 pin pulg Available from Coherent

Modbus 4 metre Cable fitted Elster A1700 or A1140 Electric Meters with a male 4 pin Bulgin plug Upto 255 meters can be daisy linked together ( provides a voltage to power within a maxinum cable length of 1000 metres the Modbus device )

Available from Coherent

M5

Gas meter pulse output via a Dresser 103-E Chatterbox. An ATEX Cyble Unit is required for Actaris Rotary Meters )

Water meter pulse output via an Actaris Cyble Unit ( K= 1 ) Up to four Coherent Modbus Radio Receivers can be Oil meter pulse output connected each operating at a different frequency Steam meter pulse output e.g 184 MHz443 MHz, 153 MHz, 869 MHz etc…

Heat meter pulse output

Compressed air flow pulse meter output

Modbus Cables upto 1000 metres ( Max Length connecting up to 32 devices )

RS232 / RS485 outlet Modbus Cable Terminations

to electric meter Terminal A Brown

daisy chain Terminal B White Terminal 0V Green Terminal +V Yellow

Externally mounted radio pulse transmitters from www.HWM-Water.co.uk formely Radio-Tech.co.uk

Modbus Pulse Input Module ( 8 pulse input channels or can be configured to 4 pulse inputs and 4 duplicated pulse outputs. )

RG213 co-axail extension cable to antenna ( signal reduction 1 Db per 10 metre cable length, hence its better to extend the Modbus cabling so there will be no signal degregation )

Modbus Cable with Bulgin Plug ( the 4 pin Bulgin Plug provides power to any Modbus devices that require a voltage )

Radio Receiver

Etherent Patch Lead

Modbus Cable Terminations Terminal A Brown Terminal B White Terminal 0V Green Terminal +V Yellow

Data socket outlet connected to a VLAN port on in the Hub Room Check with University IT for IP address:- contact :- networks@manchester

Modbus face plate outlet for connection to Modbus network Modbus faceplate available from Coherent

All cabling used to connect and monitor meters needs to comply with the current University Electrical Specification wich can be found in the Design Team Guide. The contractor needs to be aware of the emphasis on maitaining cable colour coding to enable University Maintenance Staff to quickly trace cables in the event of a fault occuring at a later date.

The Coherent Modbus Pulse Counter can be set up as a 8 Channel pulse input unit or each pair of pulse inputs can be set up as a pulse input / pulse duplicator / switched output

Modbus Comms Settings ( same as the those of the larger VLT HVAC FC-102 Danfoss inverters ) 8-30 Protocol ( Modbus RTU ) 8-31 Address ( Between 1 - 31 remember the Coherent Modbus and any other devices have a unquie Modbus adress ) 8 -32 Baud Rate ( 9600 ) 8-33 Port Parity / Stop bits ( 8 - None - 1 option 02 on the menu )

Diaphragm Gas Meter

Acce ssory

Delta QD - Rotary Piston budget solution for low flows Spirax-Sarco TVA Steam Meter

MZ Gas Turbine Meter - Low Pressure Drop

Spirax-Sarco ILVA Steam Meter and Steam Flow Computer

ST/GX Turbine Meter For Air Measurement

All pump / fan motors are to be installed with separate Danfoss wall or Unistrut mounted inverters. The inverter back plate is required for Unistrut mounted inverters for cooling purposes. Local Grundfos Sales Representative 07976-517172

Unless stated all new flow meters for Heat Meter installations should be the Micronic Utraflo U-1000 HM ( sizes available from 20mm to 100mm )

Micronics Ultraflo U-1000 HM Non-Invasive Heat Meter Modbus Parity settings ( 8 - None 1 ) Tel :- 01628 810456

The Ultraflo U-1000HM Non-Invasive Heat Meters to be connected to a separate Modbus cabling network connected to a separate, exclusive Coherent IDC and Data Socket outlet.

Schneider Structure Ware BMS access to software points to control / monitor an inverter using Modbus and the Coherent IDC as a communications gateway. Schneider LV Metering Panel Part No 20017137

For an alternative supplier with an improved desgin update please contact Autometers Ltd Reg Diggins 0161-861-9056.

Danfoss VLT Mirco Series Inverters for > 0.37 Kwh motors

All meter pulse outputs are to be connected to the field wiring using a WF Electrical Enclosure Part No AL 2847. The encloser is to be installed in such a position to provide easy access for test purposes. ie Health and Safety requirement to eliminate the need for step ladders or having to stoop or crouch down there by eliminating possible back injury. Also all meters are to be installed in such a position to prevent injury due to a fall, poor posture, contact with high temperature surfaces or other plant room hazards. If neceesary a permanent platform may be required to enable operatives to take manual reads or for external service / commssiong engineers to carry out annual calbration / commissioning work for compliaces with RHI etc...

Pulse input from flow meter programable to suit meter type Pulse out from Calec unit programable ( 1 kwh per pulse unless the flow meter is a large diameter ) The meter logger is to be set to record the monthly readinfgs over 40 months for DECs Calec is to be supplied with temperature probeshaving 10 metre cables The temperature probe cables are NOT to be shortened. Any excess cable to be coiled up

Please refer to manufacture's installion instructions for the number of straight lenghts before and after a flow meter to ensure meter accuracy particularly for RHI compliance.

Alternately a flow straightening device is required to be installed before the meter

Guide figures are normally

Invasive meter :-10 pipe diameter before the meter and 5 pipe diameters after the meter

Non-Invasive meter :- 20 pipe diameter before the meter and 10 pipe diameters after the meter Coherent IDC TCP/ IP

Coherent Modbus Pulse Unit

Antenna available from Coherent to match the Modbus radio operating frequency . Supplied with 8

The GRP enclosure is a 530 x 430 x 200mm available from WF Electrical ( Part No AL 2830 )

IDC Ethernet Device The IDC is supplied with a 240 volt plug in transformer or power supply unit

Elster A1700 Meter Marshalling Panel to

monitor an LV Switch Board

Elster A1700 Meter Marshalling Panel to

monitor an LV Switch Board

Data Socket

Model

Capacity

Per / Hr

W orking Press

Mbar

Pulse

Pulse/Lt

Meter

STU6/G4

6

50

10

1” Screwed

STU16/G10

16

75

100

1 1/4” Screwed

BS746

STU25/G16

25

75

100

2” Screwed

BS746

STU40/G25

40

75

100

2” Screwed

BS746

STU65/G40

65

75

100

65mm Flanged

PN16

STU100/G65

100

75

100

80mm Flanged

PN16

STU160/G100

160

75

100

100mm Flanged

PN16