Problem Statement of Peer to Peer Streaming Protocol (PPSP)

IETF76@Hiroshima Draft-zhang-ppsp-problem-statement-05

Yunfei ZhangNing Zong

Gonzalo Camarillo James SengRichard YangRichard Alimi

Hirold LiuAlberto J. Gonzalez

Agenda

• Why Streaming?• Why P2P streaming?• Why Standards?• PPSP Scope • Open efforts related to PPSP• Co-efforts in other standard bodies• Conclusion

Why Streaming?

• Source： Technology Trends, June 2008,Morgan Stanley Research

Morgan Stanley View:Video streaming is the main contributor for global IP traffic growth in the following years, accounting for 50% of the total traffic.

The Compound Annual Growth Rates of Internet video streaming to PC and TV are 56% and 97% .

Why P2P Streaming

• Scalability• Each consumer is also a supplier

• Robustness

P2P Streaming Success• Real-world examples

– PPLive • 110m users, 600+ channels• 2 million concurrent peers/6 million altogether in China’s 60

Anniversary National Day live broadcasting• 20%-30% outside of China (10-15% in US), >200 countries

– PPstream• 70m users, 340+ channels• 6 million concurrent peers/10 million altogether in China’s 60

Anniversary National Day live broadcasting – UUSee

• 4-5 million concurrent online peers during Olympic Games• 2~3 million concurrent online peers in China’s 60 Anniversary

National Day live broadcasting – CNN (OctoShape)

• Obama inauguration ~300K concurrent peers by OctoShape

Why Standards in P2P Streaming?

Technical feasibility: strong similarity among major systems

• Tracker-based architecture• Similar tracker and peer communication

process, and inter-peer communication process

(See survey and measurement draft)

Standards => focusing on key issues, not reinventing the wheel

Why Standards in P2P Streaming?

User desire:

“… broadcasters from the BBC to Germany’s ARD just seem to love the idea of ditching their proprietary platforms.”

-- Johan Pouwelse, scientific director of P2P Next “UUSee will start to build an open platform and would like to

participate in open protocols to cooperate with content providers, operators and many more participants for a better p2p streaming service.”

-- Zhu Li, CEO of UUSee“The biggest feature of Mobile Market is its openness. We welcome

more participants involved in the Mobile market development with standards.”

---Jianzhou Wang, President of China Mobile

How Standards Helps: Use Case (1)

• P2P streaming vendors often use CDN to alleviate peak pressure and achieve better QoS

• Target: CDN nodes can act as Super-peers, which interact with trackers and peers seamlessly– Integration with

multiple CDNs is easy with standard protocols

How Standards Helps?Use Case (2)

• Network operators deploying open and competitive Internet streaming service– Operator can run its own streaming service or

cooperate with P2P streaming vendors– User convenience: unified peer/client software

• In particular, for mobile devices– Service can be deployed based on 3rd party components

(e.g., CDN offerings)

Problem

• Lack of open and standard protocols

• Open set of P2P streaming protocols is needed: PPSP

Abstracts of Current Practice

Tracker

New Peer

Peer

Peer

peer request

peer report

buffer map exchange

buffer map exchange

Peer<->Tracker

Peer<->Peer

peer report

referring to survey slides

Features of P2P Streaming Systems

• Scale to a magnitude of up to millions of nodes

• Real time– Timely and continuous streaming delivery– Limited start-up delay and transmission delay

– Handles demanding scenarios– 1.5Mbps for TV quality– 400kbps in current Internet

Neighbor CommunicationBootstrap Tracker Communication

Communication Layer

Report Statistics

Information Layer

Start Pause Stop

Play-out Layer

Application Layer

P2P Streaming Layer Architecture Overview

Transport Layer

Publish

PPSP Scope• Develop new protocols; existing standards (e.g., HTTP) will be re-

used as appropriate• Starting Point: Communication layer

– Tracker Communication• peers registration to the system• peer list request from or peer information report to the tracker/

– Neighbor Communication• peers exchange data availability and gossip for more peers• chunk description for transferring data amongst peers

• Secondary Specifications: Information Layer• Report

– peers report information to the tracker. – peer inbound and outbound traffic, amount of neighbor peers,

video quality parameters.• Publish

– publish contents to streaming provider– content description, type, creation time, source location,

advertisement policies, etc..

Out of Scope

• Play-out layer (e.g. Start, Stop, Pause)• Defining new data transport protocol

Open efforts related to PPSP(1)

• UUSee:– One of the largest p2p streaming vendors worldwide– Just several days ago, its CEO expressed intention to

make an open p2p streaming platform in 2009 China Internet conference

– Meet with its CTO, Hirold Liu about the PPSP work. Liu stated that UUSee was looking for the standards of P2P streaming, esp. in mobile environments

– Different peer capacity evaluation• Different network environment description • New peer information message

Open efforts related to PPSP(2)• CoolRuc: Audiovisual Live Streaming based on P2P• Project:TRILOGY: fuTuRe Internet technoLOGY in Europe• Prierd:2007 – 2009• Participants: i2CAT, UPC, UPF, URL• Aim: Standardization

PPSP & CoolRuc• CoolRuc Protocol standarization points:

– Rendezvous communication (signaling)• Retrieval of channels which are resources to be published

and discovered over the network

– Tracker Communication (signaling) Tracker protocol• Retrieval of initial list of peers

– Peers communication (signaling) Peer Protocol• Exchange of Buffer Map• Chunk exchange (transference)

– Statistics• Log messages

• More requirements are added in the requirement draft

Open efforts related to PPSP(3)• Goalbit-Open source tracker-based p2p streaming system• Developed in 2009• Goalbit Transport Protocol is well suit with PPSP scope(Paper published

in Sep.2009)• Peer and tracker communication• Peer and Peer communication

• “It would be great for us, to help in defining a standardized PPSP.”--- Pablo Rodríguez-Bocca,Chief of Goalbit Project

Open efforts related to PPSP(4)• China Mobile-DSN,

Distributed Services Network– One part of DSN is for open p2p

streaming service platform and protocols

– Participants (Streaming): China Mobile, ForceTech,Huawei

– DSN is both an open project and an ongoing ITU standard for NGN

Co-efforts in other standard bodies

• ITU:Q:DSN in SG13– Period:2009~2012– Scenarios, Requirements and Architecture of DSN– Related to PPSP: The streaming scenarios, requirements and

architecture

• 3GPP: IMS based P2P CDS in SA1– Period: 2009~2010– Study p2p streaming service in mobile/WLAN environment– Related to PPSP: PPSP can act as the enabler protocols once

3GPP identifies interfaces between components

Conclusion

• PPSP is necessary • PPSP can be standardized by starting with

– Tracker protocol: Peer and tracker communication– Peer protocol: Peer communication

• PPSP is supported and to be supported by some participants who are willing to take part in the PPSP standards

Thanks for your attention!

Q&A?

Appendix 1: UUSee-Advanced P2P+CDN network

User can receive data from both CDN node and other peers

Super Node layer: Tranditional CDN Node or P2P Super Node

Platform Architecture

System Manage layer: CMS/Storage/P2P Tracker

Appendix 2: CoolRuc• Basic Operation

– Mesh-based network (CoolStreaming based)

• Adapted for MDC and SVC transmission– Media Distribution

• Data-driven• Pull-based

– Peers are grouped into “channels”• Discovery of peers:

– 1st) Contact Rendezvous peer (centralized node)

• Get Channel List (specifies tracker peers of each channel)

– 2nd) Contact Tracker peer for a specific channel

• Is the same peer as the source node• Provides an initial list of peers joining the

same channel (random list)– 3rd) Discovery of new peers by

gossiping protocol (“stady state” operation)

Appendix 3:NAPA-WINEEuropean research project:

Network Aware P2P Application over WIse NEtworks (NAPA-WINE, EU FP7 STREP, http://www.napa-wine.eu)

Study and predict the impact of massive usage of P2P-streaming on the Internet

Chunk Distribution Tree

Awareness and

Optimization

Overlay Management

Measurements

• Algorithms and prototype for a “network aware” P2P video streaming application, with optimization based on measurements between peers and external guidance (IETF ALTO)

Why P2P Streaming?

YouTube daily net loss is $0.48~$1.28 million

C/S streaming has bottleneck in scalability

Server capacityBandwidth consumption

Why?

Source: RampRate Website