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PRJ566 Project Planning and Management
Teamwork
1
Software Development Software Development is needed to turn
manual processes into automated processes or to improve/enhance existing automated processes. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development)
Software Development follows a methodology called the SDLC
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Software Development Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
A methodology that organizes the activities of a project
Followed by a Systems Analyst to do software development
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_development_process
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Software Development A project team (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_team) follows
a software development life cycle to deliver a software solution
The team is made up of members who perform different roles on a project
Each phase in the SDLC can use different team members (business analyst, architect, data base administrator, programmer, etc)
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Teamwork Henry Ford on teams:
Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is success.
“Software Development requires students to work together in teams”
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Teamwork Coming together is a beginning
Forming Teams Team Size Team Member Roles
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Forming Teams Assigned by the Instructor
Allows students to: Learn from one another Depend on one another Grow from the interactions with each other Need strategies for dealing with team conflict
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Forming Teams Students pick their own teams
Students pick their friends Difficult to deal with poor performing team
members Friendships disrupted in poor performing teams
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Forming Teams Mix of students picking team members and
instructor assigning team members Need to understand the skill sets that each team
member brings to the team
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Team Size Bigger teams restrict the ability for all team
members to participate and contribute to the success of the team
Optimum team size for this course: 3 to 4 students
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Team Roles Social Loafing
A team member will expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually
Free Riding A team member trying to benefit from being a
part of the team but not contributing equally
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Team Roles Perceived Social Loafing
Team members perceive that one or more other team members are contributing less than they could to the team
Sucker Effect Team members scale back their efforts to match
those of the free riders
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Team Roles Negative behaviours are sources of conflict
that will lead to reduced or poor team performance
Systems stream of courses teach you the skills necessary to work as part of a project team
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Team Roles Need to define the role of each team member Always need 1 team member to act in the role
of team leader
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Teamwork Keeping together is progress
Managing Teams Tracking Progress
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Managing Teams Assignment deliverables
Ensuring deliverables are on time and done correctly
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Tracking Progress Regular meetings
Track what was discussed: Tasks done or to be done Changes made to the system Issues with team members
If not tracked: Team members don’t know about it Instructor doesn’t know about it
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Teamwork Working together is success
Project delivered –on time and what the client wants
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Team Motivation Strategies*
1. Foster mutual respect for the expertise of all team members
2. Help weaker team members believe that their effort is vital to team success
3. Support a shared belief in the cooperative capabilities of the team
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Team Motivation Strategies*
4. Hold individual team members accountable for their contributions to the team effort
5. Direct the team’s competitive spirit outside the team
*5 Research-tested team motivation strategies, Richard Clark (2005)
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Team Challenges Projects that fail almost always fail because of
team problems Team communication is the biggest problem “Not doing work” is the next biggest problem
Handling Team Challenges 1 If a team is having problems with a specific
member, the team must talk to that person right away. If issue is not resolved
THEN come and see the instructor if the problem is not resolved
cc instructor on any correspondence i.e. emails trying to contact a team member who has not been attending
Handling Team Challenges 2 See the instructor immediately if your
problem is not resolved quickly If it’s TOO LATE your instructor cannot help
you