Doc Hab 12-04/04

Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora

and

Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds

FORMAT FOR A PRIORITISED ACTION FRAMEWORK (PAF)

FOR NATURA 2000

For the EU Multiannual Financing Period 2014-2020

(Final Version 11 May 2012)

A. Introductory overview of Natura 2000 network for territory

A.1 Short introduction to the habitat types of Annex I and species of Annex II of the Habitats Directive and Annex I and migratory bird species for which Natura 2000 sites are designated

The National Ecological Network ‘Natura 2000’ was initiated in Cyprus in 1999, in order to protect natural habitats and species and extend them by managing and preventing degradation. In order to implement the Habitat Directive 92/43/EC and Birds Directive 2009/147/EC, Cyprus proceeded to the designation of 40 Sites of Community Interest (SCI) and 29 Special Protected Areas (SPA). The designated areas are representative of the mountainous regions (e.g. the mountain range of Troodos and Pafos), the coastal regions (e.g. cape Gkreko and Akama), the wetlands (e.g. the Larnaka saltmarsh) and cover the types of ecotopes and the species of the Annexes of the Directive 92/43/EC. The status of the fauna and flora is summarized as:

In Cyprus 18.68% of the national territory covered with forests (12.84% public ownership, 5.84% private), 3.63% covered with makki (4.85% public ownership, 8.78% private) and 9.48% of national territory covered with garigue (2.67% public ownership, 6.81% private).

Cyprus is a biodiversity hot spot area, with 49 habitat types (9 priority habitat) of Annex I of the Habitats Directive, 92/43/EC, rich plant and animal species and mosaic of biotopes. The island has extensive natural coniferous forests and expansion of phrygama. The ecosystems consist of high forest, shrubs, traditional cultivated orchard trees and vineyards, which constitute important habitats for rare plants. Biodiversity in Cyprus has not been fully assessed, but within the scope of the Natura 2000 Network, a survey for the habitat status will is carried out currently.

In Cyprus the ecological network Natura 2000, consists more than 20% of the area controlled by the Cyprus government. Considering the terrestrial ecosystem, 44 habitat types are known so far to exist on the island, and there are also 5 marine habitat types, 14 of these habitat types are priority ones, including 4 endemic habitat types: Serpentinophilous grasslands of Cyprus (62B0*), Peat grasslands of Troodos (6460*), Scrub and low forest vegetation of Quercus alnifolia and Cedrus brevifolia forests (Cedrosetum brevifoliae). The habitats type range from a) the coast, sand dunes and rocky coastline, to b) wetlands, streams and lakes, to c) shrublands, to d) cultivated land (which includes cereal fields, orchards, vineyards, each with its own collection of inhabitants), to e) uncultivated or rocky land, and to f) forests/woody (mostly pine forests).

Habitats and species of Annexes I and II on the basis of the Habitats Directive and Annex I and migratory bird species for Bird Directive have been exhaustively identified for inclusion in the Natura 2000 Network. Cyprus almost completed and submitted the final lists of habitats and species in 2010 with designation of 40 Sites of Community Interest under the Habitats Directive (SCIs) and 29 Special Protected Areas under the Birds Directive (SPAs). The Natura 2000 Network in Cyprus consist with 49 different habitats types (44 terrestrial and 5 marine) types of the Annex I, and 33 species of Annex II.

In Annex I, new additions of habitat types have been included: Serpentinophilous grasslands of Cyprus (62B0*), Peat grasslands of Troodos (6460*), Scrub and low forest vegetation of Quercus alnifolia and Cedrus brevifolia forests (Cedrosetum brevifoliae) and woodland of Quercus infectoria (93A0).

In Annex II, the following mammals where included: Ovis gmelini ophion, Rousettus aegyptiacus, and reptiles: Chelonia mydas, Hierophis cypriensis and Natrix natrix cypriaca,

In Annex II, 18 plant species (16 endemic and 2 rare indigenous) have been included: Arabis kennedyae*, Astragalus macrocarpus ssp. lefkarensis*, Brassica hilarionis, Centaurea akamantis*, Chionodoxa lochiae* (= Scilla lochiae), Crepis pusilla, Crocus cyprius, Crocus hartmannianus, Delphinium caseyi*, Ophrys kotschyi*, Phlomis brevibracteata, Phlomis cypria, Pinguicula crystallina*, Ranunculus kykkoensis, Salvia veneris, Scilla morrisii*, Sideritis cypria amd Tulipa cypria.

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Cyprus has added to the list of the Annex I of the Bird Directive two endemic species Oenanthe cypriaca, Sylvia melanothorax. Other important Annex I species for which Natura 2000 (SPA sites) have been designated are the following: Aquila fasciata, Gyps fulvus, Buteo rufinus, Falco peregrinus, Himantopus himantopus, Vanellus spinosus, Burhinus oedicnemus, Caprimulgus earopaeus, Coracias garrulus, Parus ater Cypriotes, Certhia brachydactyla dorotheae, Otus scops cyprius, Garrulus glandarius glazneri (4 endemic sub-species), Charadrius alexandrinalexandrinus, Lanius nubicus, Emberiza caesia etc.

Important Migratory Birds: species for which SPAs sites have been designated are the following: Merops apiaster, Falco vespertinus, Plegadis falcinelus, and Egretta garzetta.

A.2 Number and area of Natura 2000 sites

Sites of Community Importance (SCIs)

Number and Area 40 Total Area of SCIs 88288,69ha

Reference to Commission Decisions on SCIs

Link to Decisions at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/sites_hab/biogeog_regions/index_en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/sites_hab/biogeog_regions/index_en.htm#mediterranean

Special Areas of Conservation (SACs)

Number and Area 3(Namely (KOILADA DIARIZOU CY4000003, VOUNI PANAGIAS CY4000004, XEROS POTAMOS CY4000007)

Special Protection Areas (SPAs)

Number and Area 29 Total Area of SPA 159.104 ha (out of which 148.213 terrestrial and 10.891 marine) ha

Total Natura 2000 terrestrial area

To be compiled 75410,403ha

Total Natura 2000 marine area

To be compiled 13037,391 ha

A.3 Main land use cover and ecosystem categories for Natura 2000 sites

The natural environment of the island, the ecosystems and the fauna and flora, are the result of evolution, affected by the particular climatic and geological conditions, the adjacency with the three continents (Europe, Asia, Africa), the island’s long-lasting isolation and the effects of human activities. The island is characterized by a distinct mosaic of landscapes, where the particular microclimatic and topographic characteristics, the diversity of vegetation, forested and agricultural land contribute to the creation of variable types of biotopes which satisfy the requirements of many types of organisms.

A set of factors such as variations in climate, diversity in geological substrates and the geomorphology, as well as the presence of human interaction with nature, resulted in the development of a wide variety of different ecosystems.In Cyprus forests covers about 18% of the island and are mainly distributed along the Troodos mountain range. The lower hills are covered by scrub alternating with different types of crops and in places with settlements. The lowland areas, including the extensive central plain of Mesaoria, and the coastal zone are covered by crops (approximately 45% of the island) and settlements, but locally there are larger or smaller areas of natural or semi-natural vegetation.The main categories (land use covers) and ecosystem for Natura 2000 are: Coastal and Marine ecosystem, Rivers and streams, Wetlands, Woodlands and scrub, Maquis, Garigue and Phrygana, Agroecosystem, Grassland, etc.. The thermophilous forests of Pinus brutia constitute the most extensive forest type, spreading from sea level up to 1400 m, covering a large part of the mountainous areas and part of the Akamas Peninsula. Cypress forests

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(Cupressus sempervirens) are mainly distributed along the Pentadaktylos range; small cypress stands are also found at a few places on the Troodos range and the southwest part of the island. The semi-deciduous oak Quercus infectoria subsp. veneris appears in low cover stands, mainly in the west part of the island and the southwest and northeast foothills of Troodos range. The black pine forest (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana), the endemic Cedar forest (Cedrus brevifolia), and the upland Juniper woods and matorral (Juniperus foetidissima, Juniperus excels and Juniperus oxycedrus) appear at the high altitudes of the Troodos mountain range. The endemic golden oak (Quercus alnifolia) appears, either as the understory vegetation of conifer forest or in pure stands mainly around an altitude of 700 m, along the igneous mountain range of Troodos. Various types of maquis formations dominate in the Thermo-Mediterranean and semi-arid zone, such as Juniperus phoenicea maquis in the coastal zone, maquis of Pistacia lentiscus, Ceratonia siliqua and Olea europaea in the Thermo-Mediterranean zone and matorral with Ziziphus lotus in the semi-arid central plain. Also, phryganic communities appear on poorer soils or occupy large openings of maquis. The narrow sandy shores, with sand dunes communities are quite limited. A discontinuous and rather narrow strip of riverine vegetation grows along streams and riverbanks mainly along the river and stream network of Troodos range.Permanent ponds are only artificial dams and water reservoirs, which host significant hygrophilous vegetation.The Rocky habitats host chasmofytic vegetation, especially the hard limestones of Pentadactylos range and to a smaller extent the igneous rocks of Troodos range.The serpentine outcrops of the central Troodos range and the Akamas peninsula host serpetinophilous grasslands characterised by narrow-endemic and rare species, of perennial herbs and subshrubs.

Source of Information: National Natura 2000 data baseOther possible sources of Information: Biodiversity Data Centre of the EEA

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Land Cover types

13,84%

0,33%

73,17%

2,34%

1,51%

0,57%

0,80%

7,43%

Agriculture

Coastal ecosystems

Forests

Grasslands

Open spaces with little or novegetationOther

Wetlands

Marine

B. Status of the Habitats and Species

B.1 Most recent assessment of conservation status of species and habitat types for territory

B.1.a Habitat and species of Habitats Directive

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Overall assessment of conservation status by biogeographical region (%)

FV – Favourable; U1 – Unfavourable inadequate; U2 – Unfavourable bad; XX - Unknown; NA – Not reported

Conservation status for each parameter (%)

The Republic of Cyprus has entered the European Union in 2004 and therefore the Reporting under 17 of the Habitat Directive was completed shortly after its entrance (two years), with the relevant data to fall into the category of unknown and unfavorable due to that the evaluation and analysis for the habitats and species was based on the expert’s opinion and not on monitoring and mapping and real data.

B.1.b Bird species of Birds Directive

According to the Birds Directive (2009/147/EC), all Member States should designate the most suitable areas for those bird species which are listed under Annex I, and for other regularly occurring migratory species. The species listed in this Annex are subject to special conservation measures because they are rare, vulnerable, threatened or migratory. SPAs form part of Natura 2000 network, they form the centerpiece of EU nature and biodiversity policy. Cyprus has transposed these European Directives onto its national law and designated 29 SPAs since it became an EU member in 2004. Important Bird Areas (IBAs) are areas recognized by BirdLife International according to internationally agreed scientific criteria (consistent with the relevant provisions of the Birds Directive) for their importance for birds, where sites have been classified as SPAs’. The 2004 IBA catalogue for Cyprus has identified 19 areas as IBAs, while presently a revision and updating of this catalogue is underway. The new catalogue is due to be published within 2013.

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B.2 Overall assessment of conservation status by Habitat category / species group

B.3 Overview of pressures and threats to species and habitats

Category of pressure / threatHABITATS SPECIES

Actual pressures

Future threats

Actual pressures

Future threats

Agriculture, Forestry 40 8 37 12Fishing, hunting and collecting 4 4 35 27Mining and extraction of materials 6 4 2 2Urbanisation, industrialisation and similar activities 48 38 27 10Transportation and communication 54 15 22 8Leisure and tourism (other than above) 25 17 8 6Pollution and other human impacts/activities 40 42 18 4Human induced changes in wetlands and marine environments 19 19 8 10Natural processes (biotic and abiotic) 48 54 27 31

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C. LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS FOR THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE NATURA 2000 SITES

C.1 Relevant legal provisions

The legal and administrative provisions for the protection and management of the Natura 2000 sites: The EU Habitats and Birds Directive was transposed into Cyprus law in 2003 (153/(I)/2003 and 152(I)/2003) and comprise the principal national legislation for the protection of habitats and wildlife in Cyprus. The Laws provide for the designation and management of protected areas for both habitats and species.

Additionally the Forest Policy and Water Policy, as well as the CAP and Fisheries, the Town and Planning Policy include provisions for the legal and administrative protection and managements of Natura 2000. Other legislation in sectors such as forest and water management, agriculture, and land use planning, as well as the EIA and SEA Laws, also play an important role in the field of biodiversity protection. Important legislations that contribute in the efforts on biodiversity protections are the Laws on the Control and Protection of Waters and Soils, as well as the Solid Waste Management Law. Cyprus is also a signatory party to international conventions that influence national biodiversity policy and legislation, including:

• Biological Diversity Convention• Ramsar Convention on Wetlands• Convention on Migratory Species (CMS or Bonn Convention)• Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention)• Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Mediterranean Sea (Barcelona

Convention)

Competent authorities: Department of Environment, MANRE (overall competency for Natura 2000 areas). Game & Fauna Service, Ministry of Interior (SPA areas)Dept. of Forests, MANRE (State Forest areas).Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Research, MANRE (Marine N2K areas and marine habitats & species)

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C.2 Progress and perspectives for management planning for the sitesProgress in establishing conservation objectives

There is no legal obligation to prepare Management Plans per se, however it is an obligation to protect and manage the sites and define measures for conservation and protection of the Natura 2000 sites as well as turn them into SACs.

Measures and Actions related to conservation and management of the ecosystems/habitats and species The most commonly used measures include:Land-changes and degradation restrictions Land-use regulationContracts with stakeholdersMinisterial Decree stating the allowed activities in the site

The competent authorities that are responsible for the Management of the N2K are the Departments of Environment, Forestry, Fisheries and Marine Research and the Game Fund. The first three authorities are responsible for the implementation of Nature’s Directive and the MPs of SCIs and the Game Fund is responsible for the SPAs.

The aforementioned departments have made funds available for this in their respective budgets, through Governmental funding.There are MPs for all SCIs Natura 2000 sites designated under Nature Directives.

For the SPAs, the Game Fund of the Ministry of Interior, the competent authority for the management and protection of Birds and their habitats, has opened a tender (tender close March 2013) for the preparation of MPs for all designated sites under the Birds Directive.

% of sites with plans completed

Management Plans for 38 Sites of Community Interest (SCI) are completed (95%)

% of sites with plans in preparation

Chersonisos (Peninsula) Akamas MP is under preparation (2.5%)

% of sites with no plans 1 Alykes Larnakas (2.5%)(For Alykes Larnakas there was a management plan since 1997, but was based on wider issues rather than focusing on ecological aspects of the site)

Link to web sites with plans & any guidelinesMore background information on plans and comment on other instruments/approaches for management planning, information on and plans for particular sectors (e.g. forestry etc.)

None of the MPs are available in English but they are available in electronic format, in Greek.

More information can be acquired from the Department of Environment

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Progress in establishing conservation objectives

Three sites have been designated as SACs and a decree put in place with conservation objectives. For the rest of Natura 2000 sites designation as SACs will be followed up during 2013-2014.

For Bird Species and the Special Protection Areas (SPAs). Some management provisions exist for some SPA areas, namely National Forest Park of Troodos Mountain, Cape Gkreko, Diarizos valley, Alykes Larnakas and Vouni Panayias. Nevertheless, a tender have been published for the preparation of a Management Plans (in parenthesis the expected completion dates) for all SPAs: • Conservation objectives for SPAs (Dec. 2014).• Favorable Reference Values (FRVs) for the SPA trigger species (Nov. 2015)• Expected date of completion of Management Measures / Plans (June 2016).

% of sites with plans completed

38 Sites out of 40 (95%)

% of sites with plans in preparation

Chersonisos Akama (2,5%)

% of sites with no plans Alykes Larnakas (2,5%)

Link to web sites with plans & any guidelines

More background information on plans and comment on other instruments/approaches for management planning, information on and plans for particular sectors (e.g. forestry etc.)

Natura 2000 has to be managed in an efficient way in order to protect and conserve habitats and species in favourable way. The management plans for the sites, projects under LIFE program, Rural Development Plan are among the instruments for managing and planning for the Natura areas.

Management plans for the Natura 2000 sites have been integrated into Policies and Strategies such us the Common Agriculture Policy and Strategy, the Water Policy and Strategy, Marine Policy and Strategy, Forest Policy and Strategy forestry, the Town and Planning Policy etc..

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C.3 Relevant government and non-governmental plans According to the legislation in place, the Department of Environment is responsible for the management of SCIs, while the Game Fund is responsible for SPAs. For the implementation of the provisions of the relevant EU Directives on SCIs and SACs, the Department of Environment has prepared management plans for almost all areas in the Network. The Environment Department finished the National Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan (NBSAP) that involve all measures and actions for Biodiversity Targets for 2020. Additionally the Environment Department prepared the National Desertification Action Plan. Competent authorities for Natura 2000 areas such as the Forestry Department review the Forest Law (Policy) 2012, including measures and actions for the Natura 2000 Network. Accordingly the Water Development Department adopted into National Law the Water Framework Directive and prepared Action Plan including management measures for the Natura 2000. The Fisheries and Marine Research Department adopted the Marine Strategy into National Law. The legislation on biodiversity conservation has been significantly strengthened with the adoption of national and European legislation into a wide range of environmental issues, including biodiversity conservation. The EU Habitats and Birds Directive was transposed into Cyprus law in 2003 (153/(I)/2003 and 152(I)/2003) and comprise the principal national legislation for the protection of habitats and wildlife in Cyprus. The Laws provide for the designation and management of protected areas for both habitats and species. Other legislations in sectors such as forest and water management, agriculture, and land use planning, as well as the EIA and SEA Laws, also play an important role in the field of biodiversity protection. Important laws that could contribute towards the biodiversity protections are the those on the Control and Protection of Waters and Soils, as well on Waste Management. Cyprus is also a signatory party to international conventions that influence national biodiversity policy and legislation, including:• Biological Diversity Convention• Ramsar Convention on Wetlands• Convention on Migratory Species (CMS or Bonn Convention)• Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (Bern Convention)• Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Mediterranean Sea (Barcelona

Convention)• Convention on Combating Desertification. The management and conservation of forests adopted by the Forest Policy and Strategy, aims at the rural development on the principle of multiple targets and goals by placing more emphasis on biodiversity, as well as the ecotourism and recreation. More specifically, the forest strategy aims at:• the sustainable development, protection and conservation of natural resources• the expansion of green areas, the preservation and improvement of the natural environment and natural heritage• the expansion and upgrading of (green) infrastructure for eco/agro-tourism and recreation• the development and revitalization of forest villages and the environmental education of citizensMoreover, the national strategy aims at sustainable management and enhancement of the multiple roles of forests and seeks to protect forests from fires, enhancing their social role Afforestation is also implemented for environmental purposes.

Country’s Integration StrategiesThe integration into strategies in order to fulfill the targets for 2020 and to protect biodiversity is a responsibility of all Government Departments. To halt biodiversity loss, the strategies should seek to make biodiversity part of the mainstream of policies and incorporate the relevant biodiversity targets at country level. Many actions are being taken at several levels, and often in a cross-cutting manner. The basis for much of this is a statutory requirement on public bodies to take account of biodiversity conservation, when undertaking their functions. The biodiversity related strategies are divided into a number of workstreams to address sectoral and cross-sectoral issues: agriculture; forestry; water and wetlands; town planning; coastal management; marine policy; climate change adaptation; education and public awareness, etc. In addition, information is provided to local authorities and other public bodies in order to implement the statutory duty to take account of biodiversity when undertaking their functions.

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D CURRENT EXPERIENCE WITH USE OF EU FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

D1 European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)

Provide a summary of allocations under relevant provisions of rural development fund for Natura 2000 management, (as well as other relevant national/regional financing)

Fund Provision Level of Use*EAFRD 213 Natura 2000 payments Minor application – non use

224 Forest Natura 2000 payments Moderate Use214 agri-environment Moderate Use225 forest-environment measures Very significant

Other relevant (national/regional) payment schemes for Territory

Governmental budget

Summary of key Natura 2000 related measures being undertaken under fund: nature paths, agrotourism, payments to farmers for Cross Compliance (GAEC for the Habitat Directive) in Natura sites, reforestation, creation of roads for managing wild fires, vegetation strip in fields with cereals,

Key lessons learnt and obstacles encountered: EAFRD fund should be more balanced between sectors (agriculture and forest). Lessons learnt:

EAFRD: • Measures had to be more targeted and specific in order to deliver substantial benefits for both agriculture land (agrosystems) and forest land.• Additional and specific measures are needed particularly for the Natura 2000 areas especially for agriculture land.• For High Nature Value areas measures are needed to be defined and targeted according to the type/category of land.• Environmental Indicators have to be designated and integrated into policies for decision making.•A better coordination is needed for Natura 2000 areas and competent authorities in order to achieve better and balance results (e.g. agriculture land and forest land).* Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise indicate as VS Very significant; MU Moderate Use; MI Minor use; NU No use

D.2 European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

Provide a summary of allocations under Axis 1-4 of EFF used for Natura 2000 management, (as well as other relevant national/regional funding)

Fund Provision Level of Use*EFF Axis 1

Axis 2Axis 3Axis 4Axis 5 € 400.000,00 (without the VAT)

Other (national/regional) payment schemes for Territory Mapping of the Posedonia oceanica beds a priority habitat

Summary of key Natura 2000 related measures being undertaken under fund:

DFMR is currently carrying out through contract a project entitled: “Provision of services for the mapping of P. oceanica meadows in the coastal waters of Cyprus, in the framework of the OFP 2007-

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2013”. This project is 50% funded by the EFF 2007-2013 and its objectives are: 1) mapping of P. oceanica meadows in the coastal waters of Cyprus which are under the effective control of the Cyprus Republic based on already existing data (aerial photos and satellite images), 2) detailed mapping of P. oceanica meadows in the marine N2000 areas and in the Bay of Limassol, 3) identification and mapping of any other marine habitats that may exist in the areas of interest, e.g. habitat 1110 “Sanbanks” (includes the marine phanerogam Cymodocea nodosa) and 1170 “Reefs” (includes coralligenous).Key lessons learnt and obstacles encountered: project in progress

Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise indicate as VS Very significant; MU Moderate Use; MI Minor use; NU No use

D.3 Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund

Provide a summary of allocations under relevant provisions of structural funds used for Natura 2000 management, (as well as other relevant national/regional funding)

Fund Provision Level of Use*ERDF Category 51

Category 55Category 56INTERREG Project 'GYPAS' aiming at strengthening the

extremely small population of the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Cyprus with individuals from Crete, so that the population recovers. The project is carried out under the 'Cross Border Cooperation Programme Greece-Cyprus 2007- 2013' and is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund and national funds of Greece and Cyprus.Total budget: 710988 EURO, 80% co financing by ERDF

European Social Fund (ESF)Summary of key Natura 2000 related measures being undertaken under fund: NONE (Project just started)Key lessons learnt and obstacles encountered:Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise indicate as VS Very significant; MU Moderate Use; MI Minor use; NU No use

D.4 LIFE+

Provide a summary of allocations under LIFE+ for Natura 2000 management, Fund Provision Level of Use*LIFE+ Nature and BiodiversitySummary of key Natura 2000 related measures being undertaken under fund:

i) The project entitled 'Establishment of a Plant Micro-Reserve Network in Cyprus for the Conservation of Priority Species and Habitats' (LIFE08 NAT/CY/000453) is implemented within the framework of the LIFE+ 08 programme of the European Commission. The total project budget is 1.550.297 euro of which 1.070.265 euro (69,17% of total eligible budget) is being funded by the EC. Its main objective is to improve the conservation status of four priority plant species and two priority habitat types of Cyprus that are found in NATURA 2000 sites, through the establishment, monitoring and management of a network of five Plant Micro-Reserves (PMRs - conservation of small land plots of great value in terms of plant richness, endemism and rarity).

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The project will focus on the detailed monitoring and effective conservation of a significant part of the population of the priority plant species of Cyprus * Arabis kennedyae, * Astragalus macrocarpus ssp. lefkarensis, * Centaurea akamantis and * Ophrys kotschyi and of two priority habitats, namely; * 9590 Cedrus brevifolia forests (Cedrosetum brevifoliae) and * 9390 Scrub and low forest vegetation of Quercus alnifolia. The project aims the following: - Detailed mapping of the plant micro-reserves- Preparation of Monitoring Plans for each PMR- Preparation of Management Plans for each Plant Micro – Reserve- Assessment of the genetic diversity and population structure for each of the 5 targeted

priority species and Cedrus brevifolia- Learning from the experiences of other EU countries that adopted the PMR approach- Establishment of the Plant Micro-Reserves in the field- Installation of permanent monitoring plots- Monitoring of the Plant Micro-Reserves- Application of conservation measures within the Plant Micro-Reserves- Enrichment of the populations of the targeted species- Utilisation of existing Botanical Gardens of the FD to achieve the ex situ conservation

of the targeted plant species- Collection and storage of seeds of the targeted species at the seed bank of the

Agricultural Research Institute to achieve the ex situ conservation of the targeted taxa- Safekeeping of the Plant Micro-Reserves

ii) The Project ICOSTACY – LIFE 09NAT/CY/000247, “Improving the conservation status of fauna species in Cyprus: from microhabitat restoration to landscape connectivity” is a LIFE Plus-Nature project, with a total cost of €1.241.007. The financial support from the European Commission is set at 50% of the total eligible cost. The project aims to the improvement of the conservation status of 20 selected fauna species and their habitats, in 14 NATURA 2000 sites, in Cyprus. This will be achieved through the implementation of concrete conservation actions, which include the protection, restoration and creation of new microhabitats for the targeted species. More specifically, the project aims at the following objectives: - Assessment of conservation status of targeted species. - Support to future prospect assessment with climate change scenario analysis for targeted species. - Construction of ponds and weirs. - Protection, restoration and creation of important roosting sites for bats. - Restoration and enhancement of species microhabitats. - Creation and enhancement of safe road passages. - Planting and grafting of fruit bearing trees. - Creation and protection of micro reserves for invertebrate species. - Control of alien/invasive competitor species. - Conservation genetics & ex situ conservation. - Production of a portable educational kit. - Workshops, seminars, conferences and staff training. - Notice boards.

iii) 'Restoration and Management of Oroklini Lake SPA (CY6000010) in Larnaka, Cyprus' / LIFE10 NAT CY 000716 with a total budget of € 797.070 (50% co-funded by EU € 398.535)The LIFE Oroklini project, (LIFE10NATCY716) consists of both conservation and awareness-raising actions that will tackle the pressures threatening this important wetland. Conservation actions include fencing of the lake to prevent disturbance from motor vehicles and motorcycles that enter the lake during dry seasons, removal of invasive alien plant species, planting of native shrubs and trees, water management and restoration of the

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area where a flea market used to operate illegally. The project, will implement many actions proposed in the Management Plan of Oroklini Lake. The Project started in January 2012 and aims in the restoration and management of Oroklini Lake. The lake is an important wetland as it is Special Protection Area (SPA) under the EU Birds Directive, and a Site of Community Importance (SCI) under the EU Habitats Directive. The 3-year project's beneficiaries are the Game Fund as lead beneficiary, BirdLife Cyprus as coordinator, the Environment Department, the Department of Forests and the Voroklini Community Council. The LIFE Oroklini project, consists of both conservation and awareness-raising actions that will tackle the pressures threatening this important wetland. Conservation actions include fencing of the lake to prevent disturbance from motor vehicles and motorcycles that enter the lake during dry seasons, removal of invasive alien plant species, planting of native shrubs and trees, water management and restoration of the area where a flea market used to operate illegally. The project, will implement many actions proposed in the Management Plan of Oroklini Lake. Public awareness actions for the significance of the lake include installation of notice boards at the site, construction of a visitor information point with a hide for nature watching, a photo competition for the production of a photo album, volunteer-based ‘Clean Oroklini Day’ and information material for schools and the wider public. In this way, the project will play a significant role on raising public awareness for the wetland, and, by the completion of the project we expect that Oroklini Lake will attract many visitors that wish to enjoy nature.

iv) Improving the conservation status of the priority habitat type with endemic Junipers ssp. 9560* (Endemic forests with Juniperus spp.) in Cyprus LIFE 10NAT/CY/000717 – JUNIPERCY with total project budget: 1.183.922 € and EC financial contribution requested: 886.338 € ( = 74.99 % of total eligible budget). The main aim of the project is to improve the conservation status of the priority habitat type 9560* of Mediterranean Endemic forests with Juniperus spp., in three Natura 2000 areas Troodos, Akamas and Madari areas. The project started on January 1st 2012 and will end in June 2015.

Key lessons learnt and obstacles encountered: All LIFE project still in progress.

One of the major achievements of the project Plant Micro-Reserve Network in Cyprus - LIFE08 NAT/CY/000453 was the promotion of decision-making by government departments associated with the formulation of policies that are relevant to the objectives of the project.Regarding the project ICOSTACY – 09NAT/CY/000247, the major objectives is to improve the conservation status and their habitats status of 20 fauna species.

Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise indicate as VS Very significant; MU Moderate Use; MI Minor use; NU No use

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D.5 Other key funding sources

Fund Level of Use*7th Framework Programme for Research (FP7) INTERREG: Greece-Cyprus Cross

border cooperation Program, Project GYPAS, Gyps fulvus

Public/Private Partnership financing schemesUse of innovative financingOther (specify) EEA Grant’s – Management Plan for

Pafos Forest (including the 4 Natura 2000 sites namely Periochi Platy -CY2000007, Koilada ton Kedron kampos - CY2000008, Perioxi Agiatis - CY4000011, Perioxi Stayros tis Psokas Karkavas - CY4000012)

Summary of key Natura 2000 related measures being undertaken under fund:Reinforcing the remnant Cypriot Griffon vulture population with individuals from Crete where there is a healthy, well-established population, following guidelines taken from successful similar projects from Spain, France, and the Balkans.Cretan birds will be released after adequate time spent in cages in 2 NATURA 2000 sites.Development of a network of feeding stations in NATURA 2000 sites for scavenging raptors such as Gyps fulvus covering the species existing geographical range on the island.Informing the public and especially schoolchildren, hunters, farmers about the value of raptors and especially vultures and against the use of any poisoned baits.Key lessons learnt and obstacles encountered: The objectives of the MP of Pafos Forest where an integrated plan for the Pafos forest (for both SCI and SPA), management plan of the Mouflon, Monitoring Plans for 10 species of flora and fauna and natural habitat types, Mapping (GIS) of the whole area and staff training, development of participatory processes with stakeholders.

The GYPAS project is currently in its second year.Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise indicate as VS Very significant; MU Moderate Use; MI Minor use; NU No use

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E Current estimate of financial needs for management of Natura 2000 for the territory The competent authorities for the Management of the Natura 2000 areas proposed the following:

Environment Department:

Staff cost estimated 2.016.000.00 Based on estimates made through the MPsManagement: '(1) Scientific studies, administration, consultation etc + (2) Preparing management plans, establishing management bodies, consultation etc. estimated cost 3,120,000 euro

Infrastructure: (4) needed for the improvement / restoration of habitat or species + (5) Infrastructure for public access, interpretation works, observatories and kiosks, etc. estimated cost 62.215.000,00 euroManagement planning estimated cost estimated 18.334.120.00Habitat management and Monitoring estimated 46.341.453.00

Land purchase one-off (i.e. not regular annual) payment of compensation for development rights estimated cost 750.000.000.00

Fisheries and Marine Research Department: Deep Sea research studies (Rough Cost Estimation €3.000.000), Inventory and assessment of the cetacean population in the coastal waters (Rough Cost Estimation: €1.000.000), Mapping of Posidonia oceanica and other habitats (Rough Cost Estimation: €800.000), Establish patrolling and surveillance of the coastal marine Natura 2000 areas (Rough Cost Estimation: €300.000 per year), Implementation of Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) Rough Cost Estimation: €3.000.000), Marine litter assessment for the marine protected areas of Cavo Greco and Akamas (Rough Cost Estimation: €30.000 per year), Upgrade the environmental information centre in the Lara-Toxeftra Marine Reserve (Rough Cost Estimation: €300.000). Total 8,430,000

Game and Fauna Service & Birdlife Cyprus arrived at the following estimate through summing of the costs of the measures which are proposed under G where the costs can be seen in detail:121,115,000-122,215,000

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F STRATEGIC CONSERVATION PRIORITIES FOR NATURA 2000 FOR THE TERRITORY FOR PERIOD 2014-2020

F.1 Summary of priorities for period (and expected outcomes), for priority habitat types and species having regard to the to the need for to measurable progress on the nature sub-target under EU 2020 biodiversity strategy and for ensuring good functioning of Natura 2000 network (SACs + SPAs)

1. Fulfilment of implementation of the Nature Directives (Habitats and Birds) through integration within other policies and plans.2. Maintain and improve ecosystems services in order to enhance conservation of both habitats and species through enforcement of management plans and action.3. Establishment of a permanent monitoring system for priority habitats and species. 4. Initiation of biodiversity (habitats and species) indicators system for Natura 2000 sites.5. Proposal of LIFE+ projects for Biodiversity conservation including both habitats and species for SCIs and SPAs (Diarizos, Alukos, Lympia Ag Anna, Foundoukodasi).6. Public awareness and dissemination of information.7. Increase the contribution of agriculture and forestry in the conservation and enhancement of biodiversity.8. Ensuring the sustainable use of fishery resources and other natural resources.9. Control and combat of invasive alien species.10. Implementation management Plans for all priority habitats and species. 11. Establish more coherent and vigorous ecological networks on land that can safeguard ecosystem services in order to: improve the quality of priority habitat both within and outside protected sites by improving the heterogeneity and structural diversity of habitats; increase the size of remaining areas of priority habitat where appropriate; including new areas of priority habitat where appropriate; enhance ecological connections between, existing areas of priority habitat where appropriate; and increasing opportunity for wildlife to move around the landscape by making use of ecological corridors.12. Action and measures should be taken for priority habitats and species in order to conserve and improve their status and prevent deterioration and achieve programmes for management and conservation, for the species (endemic, rare, and those that are under risk of extinction and threatened at European or global scales).13. Actions and measures should be addressed at landscape level as well.

F.2 Summary of priorities for other habitats and species covered by nature Directives having regard to the need for to measurable progress on nature sub-target under EU 2020 biodiversity strategy (Habitats and Birds Directives) and for ensuring good functioning of Natura 2000 network (SACs + SPAs)

1. Management and Restoration of natural habitats (ecosystems) and creation of refuge for species within protected areas, preserving endangered species and the genetic variety of flora and fauna.2. Management Restoration/Creation of ecological corridors to a passable condition in order to enable the movement of animals and proper functioning of the population in a country scale. Establishment/designation of ecological corridors network within protected areas. 3. Increasing awareness concerning the need for and methods of environment protection and the conservation of nature and landscape.4. Propose projects focused on facilitation of integrity of Natura 2000 sites and overall coherence and resilience of the Natura 2000 network5. Construction of animal passages over and below existing roads, railways6. Elimination or delimitation of existing barriers for animal migration defragmentation of concrete walls. Elimination or limitation of bariers for passable movement of animals that is caused by existingInfrastructure (e.g. existing concrete walls along roadside) 7. Small scale Green Infrastructure: • Restoring passability and creation of ecological corridors enabling functioning of Natura 2000 network.• Protection of sites from excessive pressure caused by tourists.• Greening the infrastructure policy (under and over road passages), educational paths, camp sheds, touristic trail infrastructure

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• Education by action8. Establishment of monitoring plans for habitats and species, establishment of indicators for the Natura 2000 sites, establishment of a coherent and resilient network 9. Quantify percentages of habitat type 10. Improve Connectivity of the Natura 2000 network 11. Monitoring the functionalities of the habitats 12. Assessing the quality and range of the habitats 13. Ex situ conservation of the priority habitats and species 14. More research on the priority habitats and species 15. Campaign for informing stakeholders, preparation of initial information about the network and its biodiversity value and publicity material including handboooks, seminars, workshops, communication materials for training and capacity building for Marine Natura 2000 sites. Additionally more specific actions and measures should include:

A. Completion of Natura 2000 network taking into account the results of the last Biogeographical Seminar.B. Over all Management Planning.

- Monitoring and Research on species ecological aspects:Establish monitoring scheme and mapping of priority habitats and priority species (flora and fauna) in order to improve the knowledge of their biology as well as threatened bird species (F.1) and other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives (F.2) in order to be able to assess and provide information on how to improve their conservation status, to measure Cyprus’ progress towards the EU Biodiversity strategy and ensure the good structure and function of ecosystems services, functioning of the Natura 2000 Network through setting constructive and measurable Conservation Objectives/Targets for a coherent network and for providing favourable conservation status for the sites and species.

The relevant actions should include:1. Development of National Action Plans for priority habitats and species including threatened bird species as well as other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives2. Development of a Red Data Book for Cyprus’ Vertebrates (for priority species and for threatened bird species as well as other species covered by the Nature Directives)3. Research on the structure and function as well as the coherence of the Natura 2000 network in Cyprus including ecological connectivity of Natura 2000 and identification of pressure and threats and measures which can be taken to support the network as part of green infrastructure.4. More academic research on the priority habitats and species and threatened birds species as well as on other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives to improve our knowledge (e.g. genetic studies of endemic sub-species, breeding ecology of certain species, behavioural studies etc.)

C. Ongoing habitat management and monitoring

- Conservation Actions:Targeted conservation actions for priority habitats and species and threatened bird species (F.1) as well as other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives (F.2) in order to achieve a significant and measurable improvement in their status so that by 2020.

The relevant actions should include:1. Development of Favourable Reference Values for priority habitats and species covered by the Habitats Directives and priority threatened bird species such as SPECs and all SPA trigger bird species and other nationally important species as identified by the proposed Red Data Book and other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives.2. Reviewing and updating existing SCI Management Plans in light of new information which could be provided by the development of FRVs through separate proposed studies, in order to be able to define their Favourable Conservation Status and set Conservation Objectives for Natura 2000 sites3. Development of SPA Management Plans

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4. Implementation of Conservation and Restoration Objectives for species and habitats including restoration work and initiation of action at sites as consulted by the development of Favourable Reference Values for species and habitats5. Ex situ conservation of certain species where this is considered necessary.6. Development of an Invasive Alien Species list and their threats to biodiversity and initiation of respective Management Plan 7. Development and establishment of a permanent and agreed monitoring system for priority sites and species8. Site surveillance in Natura 2000 Areas to ensure the protection of priority habitats and species as well as threatened bird species and other habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives

- Public awareness and dissemination of information:To raise public awareness on the Natura 2000 network for the value of biodiversity and its importance, the importance of priority habitats and species as well as threatened bird species (F.1) and on other habitats and species covered by Nature Directives (F.2) and the Natura 2000 network in Cyprus in general to achieve a more positive perception of the network generally, as well as ensure that communication networks are established. The relevant actions should include:1. Communication work with local communities (campaigns through social media, television, radio, magazines and newspapers, public places e.g. road billboards, events, dissemination of information) on the priority species and habitats as well as threatened bird species and on other habitats and species covered by Nature Directives and the threats that they are facing and generally the Natura 2000 network and its importance.2. Development of a biodiversity database for integration in the policies of the government departments for decision making. 3. Training for key stakeholders (which are involved in decision making that affect habitats and species and generally Natura 2000 sites e.g. judges, government departments other than the competent authorities etc) on the importance and meaning of Natura 2000 sites and the legal obligations that derive from the Directives.4. Training for other key players which affect public opinion on the importance and meaning of Natura 2000 sites (e.g. journalists).

D. Investment costs should include:

- Land purchase (if necessary), including compensation for development rights-Assess whether infrastructure needed for habitat or species restoration (e.g. acquisition of equipment where appropriate)

F.3 Strategic priorities in relation to investments in Natura 2000 linked to green tourism and jobs, to support climate change mitigation and adaptation or other ecosystem benefits, for research, education, training, awareness and promotion of co-operation (including cross-border) linked to Natura 2000 management

Develop packages for tourism (for university students e.g. fieldtrips etc.) with thematic issues within N2K areas – Create tourism infrastructure (green infrastructure) within N2KInitiate ecotourism scheme for offering significant potential for ecological wise tourism (including students) in rural areas in order to promote N2K areas for both bird watchers, botanist and landscape ecologist etc.. Initiate species management programme aiming to facilitate local development plan objectives, e.g. reintroducing species to target ecotourism. Establishment of visitor’s centres and visited zones in protected areas – tourism infrastructure, trails and paths for promoting the value of N2K componentsDevelopment and construction of nature trails, hiking trails and climbing pathsRestoration of rivers, streams and wetlands, connect ecologically valuable natural and cultural landscapesPromotion and raising awareness of environmental issues in order to enhance visitors’ sustainable attitudeEnhance multi-various types of accommodation for a balanced allocation in sensitive regionsDevelop measures to motivate SMEs, destinations, tourism regions to adapt certifications for environment and sustainability (eco-label, EMAS, CSR etc.)

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Development and establishment of networks of cooperative between SMEs and National ParksDevelopment of eco-tourism packagesStrategies to attach value to nature and landscape for tourismDevelopment of nature protection criteria for tourist accommodation near nature reserves Utilisation and marketing of regional productsIntegration of industrial heritage, cultural heritage and traditional agricultural in packagesCreate cultural and environmental maps in regions, for visitors, in order to promote site cultural heritage and environmental protection.

Promotion of rural activities that could be integrated with Natura 2000 Network, such as ecotourim (promotion ecotourism at University level for students) and agrotourism, thematic parks in relation to protected objectives of the sites. Promote educational tourism (institutes, universities, schools etc.) Support green infrastructure within Natura 2000 areas. Restore ecosystems to support climate change mitigation. Create information centres for Natura 2000.Create a stakeholders network to exchange their knowledge and involvement on the Natura 2000 areas.SMEs and cultural activities

More specifically: - Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: To safeguard the ecosystem services for society the development of ecosystem-based approaches are necessary to ensure the resilience of ecosystems in order to allow for the mitigation and adaptation to climate change. The following strategic priorities are the most important to ensure that solutions are provided through the Natura 2000 Network for mitigating and adapting to climate change in Cyprus (taking the Guidelines of the Commission on Climate Change and Natura 2000 into account):

1. Natural storage capacity for carbon: a. Sustainable use of natural resources, management and where appropriate restoration of forest Natura 2000 sites in Cyprus, which have a high storage capacity for carbon. b. Maintenance and increase of woody (perennial) natural vegetation in farmed landscape. c. Promotion of good soil management in agricultural areas to reduce carbon loses from soils. Promotion of good soil management and avoidance of soil sealing and land degradation through development plans. d. Assessment at national level the effect of land use changes including soil sealing, and large development plans and its effect on climate change and mitigation measures.

2. Risks assessment for extreme events (fires, flooding, drought etc) and large/small development plans in rural areas through sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of:a. Forests in Natura 2000 sites (Good management to reduce the risk of uncontrolled fires through landscape level measures. Also high diversity of tree species and age structure to reduce the impact of fires)b. Natural vegetation in Natura 2000 sites and in farmland landscapes within and beyond Natura 2000 areas (Natural vegetation can reduce run-off during periods of heavy rain and also can increase water retention and storage at periods of drought)c. Rivers in Natura 2000 sites (Natural functioning rivers can reduce risk of floods and also can increase water retention and storage at periods of drought)d. Wetlands in Natura 2000 sites (Natural functioning wetlands can reduce the risk of floods and also can increase water retention and storage at periods of drought)e. Promote risk assessment for development plans in wildness areas and rural areas 3. Reduction of impacts from sea level rise through sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of Coastal Natura 2000 sites (Natural functioning coastal habitats can form natural coastal defences)4. Reduction of soil erosion through sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of forest Natura 2000 sites in Cyprus and other areas of natural vegetation, farmland and grazing land within and beyond Natura 2000 sites (Naturally vegetated areas and sound farmland/rangeland management can reduce the risk of soil erosion and landslides). 5. Reduce land use change and prevent soil sealing.

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- Green jobs To secure and create jobs related to conserving nature:1. Initiate management bodies for the Natura 2000 areas – (create capacity building and promotion of direct employment) for the protection and management activities of Natura 2000 sites (e.g. jobs in monitoring, wardening etc.)2. Support jobs in sectors that are benefitting from the conservation of biodiversity like forestry, fisheries, agriculture, farming and bee-keeping (e.g. through creating farming advisories) through education actions and training-Support jobs in sectors related to recreation and thematic tourism (ecotourism and agrotourism). Promotion of rural activities that could be integrated with Natura 2000 Network, such as ecotourism and agrotourism, thematic parks, centres of environmental education, natural museums, in relation to conservation objectives of the sites. Support green infrastructure within Natura 2000 areas.- promote join communities (groups of Villages related with N2K areas) activities such as renovation of old houses for ecotourism, renovation/restoration of old drainage channels (stone grooves waters) and olive/cereals mills - Research, education, training, awareness and cooperationTo promote and increase research, education and training on Natura 2000 sites in Cyprus, build co-operations and raise public awareness on the Natura 2000 network in Cyprus among the relevant sectors and local communities. The relevant actions should include:1. Research, Education and Training: Promote research on Natura 2000 sites to give opportunities for the creation of research jobs and to obtain scientific results which could be used to better advice policies on Natura 2000 sites. 2. Awareness Raising: Communication work and capacity building (campaigns through social media, television, radio, magazines and newspapers, public places e.g. road billboards, events, dissemination of information and infrastructure for public use that is conducive to environmental protection and management) in order to promote the ecological value of Natura 2000 network and its socio-economic benefits (valuing the environment and its goods). Also special campaigns relevant to Cyprus-specific pressures and threats that impact on the habitats and species status covered by the Directives (e.g. land use changes, development, illegal bird-trapping etc.) should be carried out. 3. Building of co-operation: Create stakeholders and other key experts’ networks to allow for the exchange of knowledge and involvement in Natura 2000 sites as well as coordination and collaboration on Natura 2000 issues.

B. Investment costs-Infrastructure for public access, interpretation, observatories etc.: Creation of information centres for Natura 2000 sites and installation of signs at key sites that provide information on Natura 2000 sites

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G Description of key measures to achieve priorities

G.1.a General Priority Measures for Natura 2000

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites Potential Financing sources*

1 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

In respect to the last biogeographical seminar the RoC has to explore investigation research for including additional areas or expanding current areas in order to establish a coherent and resilient N2K network and ensure good function and structure of ecosystem services and a favorable conservation status of habitats and species.

Results of the last biogeographical seminar: Mediterranean temporary

ponds Intermittently flowing

Mediterranean rivers of the Paspalo-Agrostidion

Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub

Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea

Astragalus macrocarpus ssp lefkarensis

Phlomis brevibracteata Callimorpha

quadripunctaria Natrix natrix cypriaca Propomacrus cypriacus

ERDFNational Funds

Approximate cost 100.000

Research on the functioning and the coherence of the Natura 2000 network in Cyprus. Research should include ecological connectivity of Natura 2000 and

Natura 2000 sites and fauna and flora species

ERDFNational FundsLIFE +Approximate cost 50.000

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identification of problems in key habitats and measures which can be proposed to be taken (including restoration work) to support the network as part of green infrastructure

1 Review of management plans, strategies and schemes

Review and updating of management plans and strategies.

All N2K areas especially endemic and rare species of Flora and Fauna and Habitats –

National FundsApproximate cost 50.000ERDFESF

Reviewing and updating of existing SCI Management Plans in light of new information which could be provided by development of FRVs through a separate study

All N2K sites - SCIs with existing MP should be listed

ERDFESF

National funds

Approximate cost 205.000(40 SCI MPs X 5000)

(Type 5)Preparation of management plan, strategies and schemes (including scientific studies and investigations needed for planning and implementation based on solid knowledge) for Cyprus Biodiversity

Development of National Action Plans. Development of National Action Plans for key habitats and species covered by the Nature Directives

See results of Biogeographical seminar (attached) Priority should be given to:1430 Halo-nitrophilous scrubs (Pegano-Salsoletea) 3290 Intermittently flowing Mediterranean rivers of the Paspalο-Agrostidion5330 Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub5420 Sarcopoterium spinosum phrygana

ERDFESF

LIFE +National funds

Approximate cost 200.000 (10.000 per species)

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6420 Mediterranean tall humid grasslands of the Molinio-Holoschoenion8140 Eastern Mediterranean screes8210 Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation8220 Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophitic vegetation92A0 Salix alba and Populus alba galleries

Priority flora species:

Fauna species: Callimorpha quadripunctaria, Propomacrus cypriacus, Mauremys caspica, Natrix natrix cypriaca, Hierophis cypriacus, Birds (in order of priority):1. Coracias garrulus2. Burhinus oedicnemus3. Gyps fulvus4. Falco vespertinus5. Oenanthe cypriaca6. Sylvia Melanothorax7. Aquila fasciata8. Otus scops cyprius9. Certhia brachydactyla dorothea10. Parus ater cypriotes11.Garrulus glandarius galszneri 12. Loxia curvirostra

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13.Aythya nyroca14. Larus audouinii15.Circus macrourus16. Buteo rufinus17. Corvus corax18. Phalacrocorax aristotelis desmarestii19. Emberiza caesia20. Lanius nubicus

Development of a Red Data Book for Cyprus’ Vertebrates

Vertebrates of Cyprus ERDFESF

LIFE + National FundsApproximate cost 100,000-200 000

More academic research to improve our knowledge of some habitats and species for which we currently do not have a great understanding in order to inform management decisions

Research on:Habitats:HNV Habitat ResearchOther speciesBiology study of Hierophis cypriencis and Natrix natrix cypriaca, as well as the invertebrates of Annex II of Habitat Directive Birds:Genetic research for: Certhia brachydactyla

dorothea Parus ater cypriotes Otus scops cyprius Garrulus glandarius

glaszneri

ERDFNational FundsPrivate sources (universities)

Approximate cost EAFRD (20 000)

National, FP7(100.000)

National, FP7(30.000)

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Loxia curvirostra guillemardi

Studies on breeding ecology of: Gyps fulvus Oenanthe cypriaca Sylvia melanothoraxCoracias garrulus

2 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

Evaluation of existing mapping of all N2K areas and creation of detailed and updated maps-

All N2K sites, habitats and species

National, FP7, ERDF ESFLIFE+

3 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

Mapping of all Cyprus’ habitats and species in order to be able to have scientific knowledge of the percentages covered within the N2K network

All N2K sites, habitats and species

National, FP7

4 Preparation of initial information andpublicity material

Production of educational materials relating to Natura 2000 sites, to be used in local schools and communities as part of a larger educational initiative/campaign.

Production/publication of a Handbook for Annex I habitat types present in Cyprus to be

All N2K and habitats and species

ERDF 4(10)ESF

EAFRD LIFE+

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used as an identification guideSeminars, workshops both locally and between countries (i.e. Mediterranean countries e.g. Cyprus-Spain) to inform people about N2K and exchange of experience

5 Establishment of management bodies

Initiate management bodies. Add value to the N2K areas in order to self fund the management bodies.Establishment of Management bodies

All N2K (habitats and species) EAFRD (63) Leader-RuralERDF 4(4)ESF 3(2)biNational

6 Consultation – public meetings, liaison with landowners

Finance the participation of the appropriate management authorities at EUROSITE and/or EUROPAC seminars for gaining management experience. Stakeholders initiation Board

All N2K sites (habitats and species)

ESF 3(2)bi

7 Running costs of management bodies (maintenance of buildings and equipment)

Initiate management bodies for N2K areas and Create access points to N2K areas and facilities that could have ticket for access - General expenditure cover

All N2K (habitats and species) EAFRD52(d) NationalLIFE+ERDFNational

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8 Monitoring and surveying

One-off costs related to monitoring and surveying activities,e.g. development of monitoring plans, methods and equipment; training of personnel and personnel for the staff of the management bodies.

All sites (habitats and species) ERDF 4(4), 5(2)bESF 3(2)biCF 2(1)bNational

9 Site surveillance On-going surveillance,wardening and patrolling activities. Include personnel costs, consumables,travel, car purchase .etc in order to implementsurveillance and guarding activities at all N2K areas

All sites (habitats and species) NationalCF 2(1)b

10. Maintenance of facilities for public access and use of the sites, interpretation, observatories and kiosks etc.

Maintenance/improvement of infrastructure related to Nature Trails, Visitor Centres, Botanical Gardens, kiosks, observation points etc.

All N2K sites EAFRDERDF (Cohesion Fund)

LIFE+National

11. Staff (conservation/project officers, wardens/rangers, workers)

Staff cost for patrolling and guarding

All N2K sites LIFE+National

12. Conservation Conservation measures All N2K areas related with EAFRD

29

management measures – maintenance and improvement of habitats’ favourable conservation status

for all habitat types (e.g. habitat restoration, control of competing vegetation, regulation of water regime for riparian habitats, silvicultural treatments to improve habitats structure and composition)

aquatic systems habitat types (especially priority habitats)

ERDF ESF

LIFE+National

Conservation measures for flora and fauna species, aiming the improvement of population, species’ habitat and range

(e.g. control of competitive vegetation, predatory control, restoration of habitat, fencing etc)

All species EAFRDESF

LIFE+National

Conservation measures for all species, aiming at the improvement of species’ population, their habitat and range

(e.g. infrastructure to prevent access near nesting sites, improvement of feeding and watering conditions for wildlife, improvement of nesting

All species EAFRDLIFE+National

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and roosting conditions for bird, bat and reptile species, fencing etc)

13. Conservation management measures – maintenance and improvement of species’ favourable conservation status

Preparation of SPA Management PlansRevision of SCI MP

All N2K SCI site and SPAs EAFRD

LIFENational Funds220.000

14. Conservation management measures in relation to invasive alien species (IAS)

Control of invasive alien species of flora and fauna (such as Acacia saligna, Ailanthus altissima and other not native species) Control of invasive alien species in general

Habitats and species affected by alien invasive flora and fauna species, N2K

EAFRDERDF ESF

LIFE+National

15. Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptions.

Refrain from felling in woodland habitat types (especially 93A0 Woodlands of Quercus infectoria, 9290 Cupressus sempervirens forest, 9560 Juniperus spp. forest, 5210 Matorral with Juniperus spp., 9320 Olea and Ceratonia forest etc)

Habitats types: 93A0, 9290, 9560, 5210, 9320

EAFRDLIFE+National

Restoration of habitats especially those affected by physical threats and anthropogenic pressure

All habitat types of the habitats directive

EAFRDLIFE+National

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Development of Favourable Reference Values species and for habitats

Development of Favourable References Values for:Priority habitats under the Habitats Directives and other habitats covered by the Habitats Directive

ERDFLIFE+National funds

Implementation of Conservation Objectives for habitats. Implementation of Conservation Objectives including restoration work at sites as Favourable Reference Values so that can ensure conservation values, in order to assess and improved status (in line with the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy)

With regards to restoration work done for the protection of fauna and flora species as well as bird species priority should be given to wetlands:1. Paralimni Lake Natura 2000 site 2. Oroklini Lake Natura 2000 site maintenance3. Larnaca Salt Lake Natura 2000 site4. Akhna Dam Natura 2000 site Regarding protection of reptiles, Natura areas such as Limni Paralimniou, Potamos Maroulenas and Potamos Peristeronas, Madari Papoutsa (connectivity of the last three sites) should be assessed in order to retain ecological water flow for the conservation and restoration and improvement of the Natrix natrix cypriaca population and its habitats (water bodies).

EAFRDERDFESF

LIFENational funds

Approximate cost 5-6 Million (having in mind that Oroklini alone cost 790 000)

Conservation measures for all species, aiming at the improvement of population, species’

All species EAFRDLIFE+National

32

habitat and range

(e.g. infrastructure to prevent access near nesting sites, improvement of feeding and watering conditions for wildlife, improvement of nesting and roosting conditions for bird, bat and reptile species, fencing etc)Study for the development of Favourable Reference Values for species

Development of Favourable References Values for:Priority species under the Habitats Directives and other species covered by the Habitats Directive as well as Bird Directives

Priority should be given to both Fauna and Flora (Birds Bats Butterflies and Snakes (Annex I of Bird Directive and Anne II of Habitat Directive)

ERDFLIFE+National funds FRVs for Birds

Approximate cost (100.000)And for other species approximately 500,000.

Implementation of National Action Plans (proposed above)

Habitats and species covered by Nature Directives (e.g. bird species as listed above)

LIFE +EAFRDERDF

National Funds

Approximate cost 7million

Study, assessment, evaluation and

Focus should be on acacias and other currently and potentially

ERDFLIFE +

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removal of Invasive Alien Species in CyprusThe plan should be developed to identify key areas which are threatened by Invasive Alien Species in Cyprus and provide the guidance for their removal and subsequent restoration through the development of an action plan for IAs for Cyprus

problematic species which will be identified through the study, as well as from pets that are released into wild.

National FundsApproximate cost 50.000

Pilot Project for the removal plant species especially Acacias ssp. as informed by study for the assessment, evaluation and removal of Invasive Alien Species in Cyprus

Habitats, species and sites affected by Acacias as identified by study proposed

EAFRDApproximate cost 500.000 (indicative)LIFE +

15. Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptions.

Control of land use changes and conservation objectives regarding general issues related with biodiversity and landscape and control practices that could alter nature its structure and service and introduction into nature invasive alien species (IAS)

Habitat and species affected by land use changes and alien invasive plant species

EAFRDLIFE+National

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15. Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptions.

Afforestation or reforestation of forest habitats (native species)

Forest habitat types (e.g. Pinus nigra, Junipers spp. Cedrus brevifolia spp. Quercus spp. etc.) of the habitats directive

EAFRDERDF ESF

LIFE+National

16. Provision of services: compensation for rights foregone and loss of income and developing acceptability ‘liaison’ with neighbours

Control of fertilizers and agrochemicals in N2K areas, especially in areas with riparian habitats.Promotion of Biological methods foe eradication

All N2K areas, Habitats and wildlife

EAFRDERDF ESF

17. Monitoring and surveying

Development of monitoring plans for habitats and species and acquisition of necessary equipment

All N2K areas and Habitats and species

EAFRDERDFESF

FP7Development of a permanent monitoring system for key habitats and species including development of methodology and training of personnel

All Natura 2000 sites for all habitats and species

EAFRDESFNational FundsApproximate cost 50.000

18. Risk management (fire prevention and control, flooding etc)

Development of fire prevention infrastructures (fire-brakes, fire lookout station) and equipment

All N2K sites that are in state forest land

EAFRDERDF

National

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(fire brigades, computer and software, spotting-scopes, binoculars etc) Small scale anti erosion/flooding infrastructure (i.e. stone terraces, gabions etc) for erosion/flooding control

N2K Sites influenced by erosion and flooding

EAFRDERDF

National

19. Site surveillance Patrolling, surveillance and guarding (especially against forest fires, capture, deliberate killing, collection, uprooting etc)

All N2K sites that are in state forest land National

Site surveillance in Natura 2000 sites (wardening and patrolling of Natura 2000 site for illegal actions, guarding control of harmful recreational activities)

All N2K areas

ERDF ESF

National FundsApproximate cost 420.000

20. Provision of information and publicity material

Set-up and maintenance of internet page for the N2K network in Cyprus

All N2KNational

Communication work for public (campaigns through social media, television, radio, magazines and newspapers, public places e.g. road billboards, events, dissemination of

Natura 2000 sites and all habitats and species covered by Natures Directives

EAFRDERDFESFLIFE +National FundsApproximate cost 700.000

36

information) High impact multi-media campaigns should be launched on:-Illegal bird trappingImprovement of awareness on the Natura 2000 network – connecting people with biodiversityDevelopment of a national database for use by relevant government departments and which would provide information for land use and relevant designations at the level of individual land plots for the establishment of bridges between relevant government departments. Such a database would influence the decision making process for development proposals in Natura 2000 sites and facilitate the application of Article 6 of the Habitats Directive in Cyprus.

Natura 2000 sites and all habitats and species covered by the Directives

ERDFERDF ESF

National FundsApproximate cost 100.000

21. Training and education

Training for key stakeholders and other

Natura 2000 sites and all habitats and species covered by

ESFNational Funds

37

key playersSeminars ( including the production of materials) should be organised for: -Stakeholders: Training for key stakeholders (which are involved in decision making that affect habitats and species and generally Natura 2000 sites e.g. judges, government departments other than the competent authorities etc) on Natura 2000 sites and the legal obligations that derive from the Directives

-Other key players: Training for other key players which affect public opinion on the importance and meaning of the Natura 2000 sites (e.g. journalists, educators, etc)

the DirectivesApproximate cost 100 000

Education actions for schools on the Natura 2000 network and its importance and its socio-economic benefits in relation to climate change. Action should

All Natura 2000 sites ERDFESF

Approximate cost 250.000

38

include:Preparation of teaching tool kit for teachersTraining of teachers on how to deliver these messages to the school kids

23. Land purchase, including compensation for development rights

Purchase of private land (where necessary)

Several N2K areas LIFE+National EAFRDERDF ESF

24. Infrastructure needed for habitat or species restoration

Several N2K areas EAFRDERDF ESFLIFE+National

Infrastructure needed for habitat or species restoration

-Infrastructure related to restoration works as guided by Conservation Objectives of sites and species

Mouflon: Support for infrastructure to protect crops from mouflons (fencing).

Bats: Support for the installation of bat roosts

Barn Owls: Support for the installation of barn owl nests

EAFRDERDFCFApproximate cost For mouflon: 700.000 For barn owls: 300.000

39

Natrix natrix cypriaca retention/create of water bodies, habitat restoration and creation of new ponds to expand its range.

Propomacrus cypriacus retain and conserve old trees especially in agro-ecosystems

Callimorpha quadripunctaria retain/create water bodies

25. Infrastructure for public access, interpretation, observatories and kiosks, etc

Infrastructure to increase the amenity value of N2K sites and awareness of the public

All N2K sites that are in state forest land

EAFRDLIFE+National

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

G.1.b Priority Measures for Natura 2000 agricultural and forest habitats and species

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites

Potential Financing sources*

1 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, conditionassessment

Apply an environmental indicator scheme for agriculture areas in order to ensure biodiversity status (levels) in N2K areas with the use of agri-environment indicator in N2K for assessing the status of the areas. Integrate relevant sectors and training of local farmers to identify

Fauna and Flora Species especially Birds and butterflies or other insects as indicators

EAFRD 63ERDFESFLIFE

40

bio indicators and report them in order to have an overall assessment of biodiversity in cultivated N2K areas

2 Preparation of initial information andpublicity material

Production of training materials for farmers and foresters, describing biodiversity friendly farming and forestry methods especially having to do with practices and poison handling

All N2K areas especially areas used for agriculture practices within the NetworkFauna and Flora Species Plants: wild orchids and tulips as well as rare native species Animals: Mouflon, Bats, Snakes, Farmland birds, predators

EAFRD 20a(i)ERDF 4(6)

ESFLIFE

4 Preparation of initial information andpublicity material

Training courses for private tour guides to increase knowledge and awareness about protected areas as well as information for private farm holiday operators.

e.g. Rural areas related with N2K areas and Less-favourble areas, Areas with abandoned agriculture, HNV areas, etc..

EAFRD 52(c)

5 Pilot projects Pilot restoration water stone drainage channels (grooves) Restoration of halophytic vegetation disturbed by canes inside river basins

All N2K areas that have water drainage stone channels (e.g. Koilada Karkoti, Xeros Potamos etc)

Natura 2000 area Ag SozomenosRestore and create

ERDF 4(5), 5(2)e

41

stonewalls and corridors for wildlife in order with the use of the connectivity of habitats

Revision of management plans, strategies and schemes (including scientific studies and investigations needed for planning and implementation based on solid knowledge)

Evaluate High Nature Value (HNV) farmland and forest RDP for 2014-20.

All farmland habitats ERDF EAFRDand National funds

Study to identify ideal carrying capacity for grazing animals for maintenance of HNV grazing areas – with the aim of supporting the maintenance of these practices and areas through the CAP.

All grazed habitats in N2K areas

EAFRDNational fundsApproximated estimated cost 30.000

Study to identify the needs of key farmland species (Plants such as Cyprus tulip, birds such as European Roller and Cyprus wheatear) – with the aim of designing targeted agri-environment-climate measures for these species at key Natura 2000 sites.

Targeted at key farmland species at specific Natura 2000 sites especially areas with abandon agriculture or agriculture practices

EAFRDLIFE +National fundsApproximated estimated cost 100.000

Study to develop and monitor a National Action Plan for HNV Farmland and Forestry in Cyprus to form the Strategy for HNV Forestry and Farmland in

All N2K farmland and forest habitats

EAFRDNational fundsApproximated estimated cost 50.000

42

Cyprus6 Conservation

management measures –maintenance and improvement of habitats’favourable conservation status

Creation of effective agro environment measures and actions for biodiversity

All habitats and species related to agricultures and forest

EAFRD

7 Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of habitats’favourable conservation status

Creation of buffer zone of x meters next to river basins Creation of ecological corridors (hedgerows stonewalls)

Natura 2000 areas next to river basins

EAFRD36(a)iiiERDF

8 Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of habitats’favourable conservation status

Agro environment measure for preserving naturally occurring trees in and/or around farm areas such as Oaks, Carobs Olive trees Creation of ecological corridors networkRestore and designate sites that include hedgerows and windbreaks corridors Creation and restoration of stonewalls and riverbanks Restore stonewalls vegetation that could form ecological corridors and patches within fields

9320 Olea and Ceratonia forests93A0 Quercus infecoria5330 Crataegus azarolus and 5220 Matorral with Ziziphus lotus9290 Cupressus species

EAFRD36(a)ivERDF, ESF

9 Conservation management measures –maintenance and

Agro environment scheme for payments for maintaining areas with food plants near to the margins of Pafos Forest habitat

All N2K areas surrounded Pafos Forest especially abandon agriculture

EAFRD36(a)iv

43

improvement of species’favourable conservation status

(including both forest and rural areas) in order to attract mouflons there and reduce damages to cultivations

land for Cyprus mouflon

10 Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of species’favourable conservation status

Promote practices for wildlife that cause injured in agriculture land such as barn owl nest installment in order to fight against rats and reduce the use of chemicals, equipment to scare bee eaters from attacking bees and hives, compensation to farmers from corvidae species.

Barn owl EAFRD36(a)iv

11 Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of species’favourable conservation status

Financing practices such as providing nets for fruit trees in order to prevent farmers for making any harm to fruit bats

Provision for scaring bee eaters from hives

Fruit bats Bats

Bee eaters

EAFRD36(b)(iv)

13 Conservation management measures inrelation to invasive alien species (IAS

Removal of all IAS plants from farmland and forested areas in N2K areas

All N2K areas that invasive species exist

EAFRD36(a)(iv)

15 Provision of services: compensation forrights foregone and loss of income anddeveloping acceptability ‘liaison’ with

Compensation for loss of income related to maintaining wildlife friendlyvegetation and other features of landscape in cultivations at Natura 2000 areas

All N2K (Wildlife areas)

EAFRD36(a)(iv)

44

neighbors

Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptionsSupport for sustainable grazing practices:An AEC scheme for support of low-intensity sheep and goat grazing in selected HNV areas and in Natura 2000 sites only, i.e in defined grazing lands of high biodiversity value as identified through proposed study. Participating shepherds will have to commit to maintaining low grazing pressures (max 1 animal per available hectare of grazing land, though this may be adjusted according to the particular requirements of specific areas) and will be compensated on an income foregone basis.

All grazed habitats EAFRD

16 Monitoring and surveying

Monitoring of farmland species and habitats

All N2K and Birds, reptiles, insects

EAFRD 63

Provision of services: Compensation for rights forgone and loss of income and developing acceptability ‘liaison’ with neighboursIntegrating biodiversity needs into the CAP: Proper farm-level

All farmland habitats EAFRD100 million for all

45

implementation of ‘greening’ of Pillar 1 CAP payments:Natura 2000 payments: Increase funds for Natura 2000 within CAP (compensation payments for farmers plus support for management)HNV: Support for High Nature Value farming as supported by suggested studyAEC Schemes: Targeted, well-funded agri-environment-climate (AEC) schemes.WFD: Farmers implementing the Water Framework Directive provisions should be compensated through the CAP.

17 Monitoring and surveying

Installment of innovative early warning systems in forests and agroecosystem for fire prevention and buying of new forest prevention equipment

All N2K Agroecosystem and wooded areas

ERDF 4(4)

18 Risk management (fire prevention andcontrol, flooding etc)

Planting of oak trees at areas where these trees were present in the past either from references or appropriate habitat

Oak habitatsMakki habitats

EAFRD20(b)ii

19 Risk management (fire prevention andcontrol, flooding etc)

Equipment for fire handling Forests and vegetated areas

ERDF 4(4)

20 Provision of information and publicitymaterial

See 3. above All N2K sites ERDF

21 Training and education.

Investment in education, which contribute to increasing

Rural Areas of N2K sites

ERDF 4(6) 4(10)ESF 3(1)aii

46

attractiveness and quality of life in rural areasTraining for promoting ecotourism and agrotourism development and traditional product exploitation at currently inactive areas

(Rural areas and Country sites)

22 Facilities to encourage visitor use andappreciation of Natura 2000 sites

Support for construction and installment of interpretive signs at forest and agriculture Natura sites, construction and improvement of facilities to encourage visitor use of Natura sites,e.g. pathways and Installation of facilities for visitor use of Natura sites in order to encourageVisitor use.

Encouragement of local communities to be involve as well as stakeholders in actions in order to initiate infrastructure for agrotourism and ecotourism along with creation of thematic SMEs to promote tourism especially in rural mountainous areas, activities by preparation of initial series of site ‘brochures’ aimed at nature tourists,highlighting individual Natura sites, or the national network.

Forest and Farmland N2K areas

Less-favourble areas, Areas with abandon agriculture, HNV areas

EAFRD 36, 52,63

ERDF

EAFRD 52(a)3LIFE+ERDF, ESF

23 Infrastructure needed for habitat orspecies restoration

Support for installation of infrastructure to encourage recolonisation by rare species specifically barn owl nests at

Barn owls and bats EAFRD 52(b)iii

47

farmland areas and, bat roosts, in forests.

24 Infrastructure needed for habitat orspecies restoration

rehabilitation of buffers zones of N2K (buffer zone)

All N2K areas ERDF 5(2)a

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

G.1.c Priority Measures for Natura 2000 marine and coastal habitats and species

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites Potential Financing sources*

Scientific Studies / inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

Deep Sea research studies at the EEZ of Cyprus in order to identify habitats and species under the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) and subsequently, the possible establishment of marine protected areas in the open sea.

Species and/or habitats under the Habitat Directive (92/43/EEC)

EMFF

(Rough Cost Estimation: €3.000.000)

Scientific Studies / inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment.

Inventory and assessment of the cetacean population in the coastal waters and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of Cyprus.

Cetacean species such as Stenella coeruleoalba, Tursiops truncatus etc.

EMFF

(Rough Cost Estimation: €1.000.000)

Scientific Studies / inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition

Mapping of Posidonia oceanica and other habitats, for the possible establishment of new Natura 2000 areas.

Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea spp, reefs, sandbanks etc.

EMFF

(Rough Cost Estimation: €800.000)

48

assessment.

Pilot Projects Marine litter assessment for the marine protected areas of Cavo Greco and Akamas.

EMFF

(Rough Cost Estimation: €30.000 per year)

Site surveillance Establish patrolling and surveillance of the coastal marine Natura 2000 areas.

EMFF(Rough Cost Estimation: €300.000 per year)

Monitoring and Surveying

Support the implementation of Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), inter alia, through the enhancement of the spatial and temporal aspects of the marine environmental monitoring capabilities of Cyprus, in order to acquire the appropriate knowledge for the effective protection and management of marine ecosystems to meet the milestone of Good Environmental Status, as described in the MSFD by 2020.

EMFF

(Rough Cost Estimation: €3.000.000)

49

Infrastructure of public access, interpretation, observatories and kiosks etc

Upgrade the environmental information centre in the Lara-Toxeftra Marine Reserve.

Marine turtles: Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas

EMFF(Rough Cost Estimation: €300.000)

2 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

Study to identify sea turtle foraging hot spots

Sea turtles FP7 2(1)i(f)

18. Risk management (fire prevention andcontrol, flooding etc)

Fencing and protection of main sand dune N2K areas

Akamas, Polis Gialia Natura 2000 areas

National

21 Training and education

Training of fishermen on how to act at cases of sea turtle engagement incidents

Sea turtles ERDF 4(10)

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

G.1.d Priority Measures for Natura 2000 wetlands habitats and species (including peatlands)

50

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites Potential Financing sources*

12. Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of habitats’favourable conservation status

Implementation of Management Plans of Limni Paralimniou and Oroklini and prepare management plan for Alykes Larnakas (Larnaka salt lakes). Management of Achna Dam to deal with illegal actions taking place there (poaching, fishing,) and general management of the area (water management etc)

Natura 2000 area: All wetlands of the Network and Achna Dam

LIFE+

12. Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of habitats’favourable conservation status

Within urban areas of wetlands: Alykes Larnakas, Paralimni and Oroklini Lakes: Conservation measures for sites characteristic species among those the priority species Natrix natrix cypriaca.

(ERDF can support redevelopment of Natura sites to promote local use and community development and can promote water heritage of the area and local cultural heritage)

Paralimni Natura 2000 area: Cyprus Grass snakeAlykes Larnakas and Limni Oroklinis: bird species and halophytic vegetation

ERDF 8

Conservation management measures-maintenance and improvement of species’

Restoration of designated wetlands in Cyprus to tackle the pressures threatening their habitats

Qualifying habitats of:1. Akhna Dam2. Larnaca Salt Lake3. Paralimni lake4. Oroklini Lake

EAFRDERDFLIFENational funds

Overlap from

51

favourable conservation status

before: 5-6 Million (having in mind that Oroklini alone cost 790 000)

13. Conservation management measures –maintenance and improvement of species’favourable conservation status

Study (monitoring and evaluation) to indicate the conservation status and favourable conservation status of the grass snake at Paralimni Lake in order to identify the hydrological needs of the species, the minimum sustainable population, the minimum water habitat to sustain this species.

Cyprus Grass Snake FP7 2(1)i(f)

14. Conservation management measures inrelation to invasive alien species (IAS)

Evaluation of species and its habitat and rehabilitation of the endemic species Natrix natrix Create a list with invasive species and their threat to the environment.

Grass snake at Xyliatos damAnd wider area of Madari papoutsa SCI

Life+ERDF 4(4)

17 Monitoring and surveying

Development of a permanent monitoring system for wetland and river (ecological flow) habitats and species including development of methodology and training of personnel

All N2K areas terrestrial related with Rivers

Wetlands:1. Akhna Dam2. Larnaca Salt Lake3. Paralimni lake4. Oroklini Lake

EAFRDESFNational Funds

19 Monitoring and surveying

Patrolling of Wetlands which is susceptible to daily basis pressures and may threaten species in wetlands, (e.g. poaching activities against

Wetlands including Achna Dam Natura 2000 area

CF 2(1)b

52

migratory and local birds)23 Land purchase,

including compensationfor development rights

Purchase of private land from the lake as stated in the provisions of the new Town Planning Local Plan

Natura 2000 areas (where Necessary)

ERDF

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

53

G.2 Other priority measures

G.2.a Priority Measures for securing ecosystem benefits of Natura 2000, especially in relation to climate change mitigation and adaptation

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites

Potential Financing sources*

12 Conservation management measures-maintenance and improvement of habitats’ favourable conservation status

Restore priority habitats for ecosystem function and structure Prohibit Land Degradation - Restore degraded land Prohibit land use change and soil ceiling - Restore areas and defragment habitats Assess (Prevent) fragmentation in rural areas of ecosystems and habitats

Pinus nigra ssp. pallasiana All habitats in rural areas especially wooded areas and rivers

LIFE ERDF, ESF

Prevent land use change and soil sealing,

Retain ecological flow in Rivers Sustainable use of natural resources

Oleo ceratonia fields MakkiPhrygana

ERDF

ESF

12 Conservation management measures-maintenance and improvement of habitats’ favourable conservation status

Sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of Wetlands in Natura 2000 sites (Natural functioning wetlands can reduce the risk of floods and also can increase water retention and storage at periods of drought)

1. Akhna Dam2. Larnaca Salt Lake3. Paralimni lake4. Oroklini Lake

EAFRDERDFLIFENational funds Overlap from before: 5-6 Million (having in mind that Oroklini alone cost 790 000)

54

Sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of forest Natura 2000 sites in Cyprus.

Improve connectivity of habitats (Forests have a high storage capacity for carbon. Good management also to reduce the risk of uncontrolled fires through landscape level measures. Also high diversity of tree species and age structure to reduce the impact of fires. Naturally vegetated areas can reduce the risk of soil erosion and landslides)

e.g. Pinus nigra forestCedrus brevifolia forest Olea ceratonia forest Quercus infecoria

EAFRDERDFLIFE+National funds

Sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of natural vegetation in farmland landscapes within and beyond/buffer zone Natura 2000 areas in Natura 2000 sites (Natural vegetation can reduce run-off during periods of heavy rain and also can increase water retention and storage at periods of drought. Naturally vegetated areas can reduce the risk of soil erosion and landslides)

e.g. Olea-ceratonia habitats

EAFRDERDFLIFE+National funds

Sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of Rivers in Natura 2000 sites (Natural functioning rivers can reduce risk of floods and also can increase water retention and storage

All N2K areas with Rivers e.g. Koilada Diarizou Xeros Potamos Episkopi morou nerou Ekboles potamon

ERDFLIFE+National funds

55

at periods of drought) Retain vegetation and ecological flow in rivers Prevent fragmentation and creation of dams within the river basin

Ezousas, Xerou & DiarizouPeriochi Skoulli Potamos Maroulenas Potamos PeristeronasKoilada Karkoti

Sustainable use, management and where appropriate restoration of Coastal Natura 2000 sites(Natural functioning coastal habitats can form natural coastal defences)

Conserve all coastal habitats for species such as the sea turtle Assess status and function of sand banks

ERDFLIFE+National funds

Restoration/creation of stone walls All N2K areas ERDF, ESF, LIFE, National public

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

G.2.B Priority Measures for promoting sustainable tourism and employment in relation to Natura 2000

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites

Potential Financing sources*

4 Pilot projects Pilot eco-tourism network including cross-border cooperation focused on all N2K areas especially those in Rural Areas e.g. Akamas peninsula area and other surrounding areas,

joint community scheme e.g. with heritage interest such as Koilada karkoti

All N2KAkamas peninsulaPolis gialiaPafos Forest

Koilada Karkoti

ERDF 6(1)b

25 Infrastructure for public access,interpretation,

Construction of information centre All N2K areas

Cape Greco Natura 2000

ERDF

56

observatories and kiosks,etc

area

25 Infrastructure for public access,interpretation, observatories and kiosks,etc

National Nature History MuseumAgrotourism / Ecotourism / Thematic tourism in Natura 2000 villagesInvestments in sustainable tourism, awareness-raising, training and education as well as communication and information activities relating to Natura 2000.

All N2KAll target species/ habitats/sites

ESF, ERDF

15 Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptions

Support jobs in sectors that are benefitting from the conservation of biodiversity like forestry, fisheries, agriculture and bee-keeping or through the provision of wider ecosystem services in sectors depending on healthy ecosystems

All farmland habitats EAFRDOverlap100 million for all

16 Provision of services: compensation for rights foregone and loss of income and developing acceptability ‘liason’ with neighbours

Support jobs in sectors that are benefitting from the conservation of biodiversity like forestry, fisheries, agriculture and bee-keeping or through the provision of wider ecosystem services in sectors depending on healthy ecosystems

All farmland habitats EAFRDOverlap100 million for all(Based on the last ΠΑΑ 2007-2013 but we don’t know how much of that money were used.)

17 Monitoring and surveying

Promote research on Natura 2000 sites to give opportunities for the creation of research jobs(various studies proposed above)

All Natura 2000 sites

21 Training and education Education actions and training for All Natura 2000 sites ERDF

57

tourism related jobs (e.g. tourist guides) on the Natura 2000 network and its importance and its socio-economic benefits in relation to climate change.

250.000

22 Facilities to encourage visitor use and appreciation of Natura 2000 sites

Support jobs in sectors related to recreation and tourism. Promotion of rural activities that could be integrated with Natura 2000 Network, such as ecotourim and agrotourism, thematic parks in relation to conservation objectives of the sites. Support green infrastructure within Natura 2000 areas.Promotion of Birdwatching tourism by CTOPromotion of low impact agrotourism by CTO through provision of visitor facilities at Natura sites e.g. pathways, seating, interpretive informationConstruction and instalment of interpretive signs at Natura 2000 sitesSupport for improvement of visitor facilities on agricultural Natura 2000 sites, to encourage ecotourism.Development of websites that could be used for the promotion of Natura-based tourism

All Natura 2000 sites EAFRDEFFERDFCF500.000

25 Infrastructure for public access, interpretation,

Support jobs in sectors related to recreation and tourism. Promotion

All Natura 2000 sites EAFRDNational

58

observatories and kiosks etc

of rural activities that could be integrated with Natura 2000 Network, such as ecotourism and agrotourism, thematic parks in relation to conservation objectives of the sites. Support green infrastructure within Natura 2000 areas. Actions could include:Creation or renovation of bird hidesRenovation of public footpathsCreation of a ringing and observatory station (e.g. in Cape Greco)

Funds

Bird hides: 10 more in all SPA areas: 200.000.

Renovation of public footpaths: 100.000

Creation of a ringing and observatory station (e.g. in Cape Greco): 500.000

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

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G.2.c Priority Measures to promote innovative approaches in relation to Natura 2000

a/a Type of activity Description of measure Target species/habitats/sites Potential Financing sources*

4 Pilot projects Study for development and eco flow model for dams above Natura 2000 areas

Episkopi Morou Nerou Natura 2000 area

FP7 2(1) if

Initiation of local small markets in order to promote local products in Natura 2000 (especially agriculture areas)

All Natura 2000 areas FP7 2(1) EAFRD; ERDF ESF

Creation of thematic aspects in relation with heritage and cultural aspects in Natura 2000 areas (water mills etc.)

All Natura 2000 areas FP7 2(1) EAFRD; ERDF ESF

Create/restore old water drainage channels olive mills – rural museum

All Natura 2000 areas FP7 2(1) EAFRD; ERDF ESF

*Funding sources: EAFRD; ERDF, EFF; ESF, LIFE, National public, Private sources

G.3 Summary table of priority measures per habitat type and species

Feature (habitat type or species)

Conservation status (code from HD Article 17 report or BD Article 12 report)

Pressures and threats (codes from HD Article 17 report or BD Article 12 report)

Priority measure (from section G of PAF, possibly by coding)

Birds and butterflies or other insects as indicators

G.1. a 1,b.1, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15,

60

General measures for various Bird Species

19. G1 b 16, G1 d 19, G2B25

Wild orchids and tulips, as well as flora species of Annex II (e.g. endemic, rare etc.)

G.1.b.2

Reptiles (Snakes etc), Farmland birds

G.1.b.2

Cyprus Grass Snake , Natrix Natrix Cypriaca

G.1.d.3, G.1.d.6 G.1.d.4, G.1.d.2

Barn owl, Tyto alba G.1.b.10, G.1.b.23Bats G.1.b 11, G.1.b.12,

G.1.b.23, G.1.b.2 Cyprus mouflon, Ovis orientalis

G.1.b.9 G 1 a 24

Sea turtles, Chelonia mydas Caretta caretta

G.1.c.4, G.1.c.5, G.1.c.6, G.1.c.8, G.1.c.9, G.1.c.11, G.1.c.13, G.1.c.14 , G.1.c.15

Sea monks Monachus monachus

G.1.c .12, G.1.c.5

Posidonia oceanica habitats1120*

G.1.c.3

9320 Olea Ceratonia93A0 Quercus infecoriaCedrus forest Ziziphus lotus

G.1.b.8

Oak habitats and Quercus alnifolia

G.1.b.18

Sand dunes N2K areas G.1.c.10 Natura 2000 area Ag Sozomenos

G.1.b.5

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Achna Dam Natura 2000 area G.1.d.1 Madari Papoutsa, Natura 2000 area

G.1.b.21

Fountoukodasi Pitislias Natura 2000 area

G.1.b.21

Troodos Forest Natura 2000 area

G.1.b.24

Achna Dam Natura 2000 area G.1.d.5 Paralimni lake Natura 2000 area

G.1.d.6

Akamas peninsula Natura 2000 area

G.2.B.1

Polis gialia Natura 2000 area G.2.B.1

Pafos Forest Natura 2000 area G.2.B.1 Cape Greco Natura 2000 area G.2.B.2 Episkopi Morou Nerou Natura 2000 area

G.2.c .1

MAMMARI-DENEIA Restoration of Cave G.1.b 11, G.1.b.12, G.1.b.23, G.1.b.2

POTAMOS PERISTERONAS Retain Water in the rivers Natrix natrix cypriaca G.1.cKOILADA POTAMOU MAROULLENAS

Retain water in the river Natrix natrix cypriaca G.1.c

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Doc Hab 12-04/04

Section H: Monitoring, evaluation and updating of PAFs

Updating of PAFs will be based on the needs of national species/habitats monitoring system and needs according to their status (annually and biannually).

DRAFT FORMAT FOR A PRIORITISED ACTION FRAMEWORK (PAF)FOR NATURA 2000

EXPLANATORY NOTES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

A Introductory overview of Natura 2000 network for territory

A.1 Habitat types of Annex I and species of Annex II of the Habitats Directive and Annex I and migratory bird species of Birds Directive for which Natura 2000 sites are designated

A.2 Number and area of Natura 2000 sites A.3 Main land use cover and ecosystem categories for Natura 2000 sites

B Status of the Habitats and Species

B.1 Latest assessment of conservation status of species and habitat types for territoryB.1.a Habitat types and species of Habitats DirectiveB.1.b Annex I and migratory Bird Species

B.2 Overall assessment of conservation status by Habitat category / species groupB.3 Overview of pressures and threats to species and habitats

C Legal & administrative provisions for protection & management of Natura 2000

C.1 Relevant legal provisionsC.2 Progress and perspectives for management planning for the sitesC.3 Relevant government and non-governmental plans

D Current experience with use of EU financial instruments

D1 European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)D.2 European Fisheries Fund (EFF)D.3 Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund (SCF)D.4 LIFE+D.5 Other key funding sources

European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

E Current estimate of financial needs for management of Natura 2000 for territory

F Strategic conservation objectives & priorities for Natura 2000 for 2014-2020

G Description of key measures to achieve objectives and priorities

H Monitoring, evaluation and updating (to be further developed)

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Introduction

The establishment of Natura 2000 is now at an advanced stage and the upcoming period will be critical to making the network fully operational through the effective management and restoration of the sites. While the main responsibility for financing Natura 2000 lies with the Member States Article 8 of the Habitats Directive explicitly recognises the need for EU support for management of the sites, through co-financing by Community financial instruments. Article 8 does not specify the types of EU funding which could be used for co-financing. The current approach, set out in a 2004 Commission Communication on financing Natura 2000 for the 2007-2013 financing period1, is to integrate the financing of Natura 2000 into the funding streams of different EU policy sectors. The opportunity to finance Natura 2000 has been specified in the financial regulations of the main policy sectors. The Commission has provided guidance, an IT-tool, and training for each Member State to support the use of this integration approach2. Despite important progress it appears that the EU co-financing opportunities for Natura 2000 are not been fully utilised3.

The Commission's Communication on 'A budget for Europe 2020'4 has set out the framework for future EU financing under the new financial multiannual financial framework, firmly focusing on the delivery of the EU 2020 strategy. In the environment policy fiche attached to the budget communication5 it is recognised that the effective management and restoration of Natura 2000 sites is central to attainment of the EU 2020 biodiversity target and that a strengthened integrated approach using the various EU sectoral funds, ensuring their consistency with the priorities of Natura 2000 action frameworks, together with an enhanced LIFE Biodiversity strand, will provide a strong basis for the new Natura 2000 financing strategy.

The Commission staff working paper of 12 December 2012 provides an overview of relevant provisions for EU co-financing of Natura 2000 in the Commission proposals for the next multi-annual financial framework, underlines the benefits to be gained from effective management of these areas and explains how prioritised action frameworks (PAFs) can serve as strategic planning tools to strengthen the integration of Natura 2000 financing into the use of relevant EU financial instruments for the next programming period6.

Article 8 of the Habitats Directive already foresees the need to develop "a prioritized action framework", to be taken when sites are designated as SACs. This would only be possible on the basis of Member States establishing National and/or regional Natura 2000 prioritised action frameworks (PAFs) for the next financing period. Such an approach will provide a clearer framework to set out objectives and priorities, describe the Natura 2000 measures to be financed, identify the potential contribution of each EU fund to the national/regional Natura 2000 network for the next Financial Perspective and set out the prioritised actions to be taken, as well as monitoring and evaluation of the measures supported.

PAFs are intended as planning tools aimed at identifying key priorities and providing an integrated overview of how to achieve them having regard to different financing instruments. Member States will still need to specify their financing needs for Natura 2000 under the relevant plans or programmes. To maximise their influence and the prospect of the uptake under the integration approach such action frameworks will need to be established in advance of the finalisation of the agreement of key programmes for agriculture, fisheries and regional development for the next funding period. The objective is to ensure strategic focus on the most

1 COM(2004) 431 final.

2 http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/financing/index_en.htm

3 A summary of the current integration approach is given in the Commission brochure on 'Investing in Natura 2000 for nature and people' http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/info/pubs/docs/brochures/investing%20in%20N2000%20brochure.pdf

4 COM (2011) 867 final

5 COM(2011) 500 final, page 40

6 SEC(2011) 1573 final

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important priorities, as well as complementarity and consistency between the information contained in the prioritised action frameworks and the relevant programmes?

Article 8 of the Directive indicates that PAFs should be prepared at national level. However, Member State may decide to provide a more refined framework at regional level7. As regards the marine environment the PAFs also relate to the offshore marine environment where Member States are exercising sovereign rights.

A. INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW OF NATURA 2000 NETWORK FOR THE TERRITORY

The aim is to set the context in relation to the species and habitats that are the focus of action, the number and area of Natura 2000 sites for the territory and details of main ecosystem types involved.

A.1 Short introduction to the habitat types of Annex I and species of Annex II of the Habitats Directive and Annex I and migratory bird species for which Natura 2000 sites are designated

The aim is to provide a summary overview of the species and habitat types, indicating in particular the situation regarding priority habitat types and species, and if possible providing an assessment of the importance of the territory for particular species and habitat types.

Potential Sources of information: Article 17 HD summary reports; 2010 BAP national summary reports; National web sites; Important Bird Areas 2000 publication or national IBAs

A.2 Number and area of Natura 2000 sites

The aim is to provide summary statistics for the Natura 2000 network for both the terrestrial and marine environments8. This should be complemented in an Annex to the document (or a link to a web site) with the most up to date list of SCIs (indicating sites hosting priority habitat types/species), those SCIs already designated SACs, as well as an up to date list of SPAs.

One or more overview maps should also be provided. These can be extracted from the Natura 2000 map viewer (http://natura2000.eea.europa.eu/#), which also provides a link to the standard data form for each Natura 2000 site. Other national GIS data systems may be used as well. Other relevant information, such as the range in the surface areas of the sites , may be provided where this is considered relevant.

Potential Sources of information: Statistics on the number and area of SCIs and SPAs are available from the Natura barometer. Member States will need to indicate to what extent the SCIs have formally been designated as SACs. The overall area for Natura 2000 terrestrial and marine sites can be derived from spatial data in the Natura 2000 database.

A.3 Main land use cover and ecosystem categories for Natura 2000 sites

The aim is to provide an overview for the territory concerned of the main CORINE land cover categories for the Natura 2000 sites (based on spatial boundaries of the sites). This will give an indication of the relative

7 In deciding on an appropriate territorial level Member States should have regard to available biological and financial data that is necessary for the evaluation.

8 In accordance with the guidelines for reporting under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive marine sites are defined as any of those which include an area of sea. The Marine area of sites is the area being below the coastline. The definition of the coastline used to define the marine boundary should follow international or national legislation. This approach is the same as adopted for the revised Standard Data Forms (SDFs) for individual Natura 2000 sites. Thus, a site located at the coastline and stretching out into the sea should be counted as a ‘marine site’, although it might include a terrestrial component.

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importance of major ecosystem types (e.g. forests, grasslands, marine, wetlands etc) within the Natura 2000 network.

Potential Sources of information: Biodiversity Data Centre of the EEA

B STATUS OF THE HABITATS AND SPECIES

The aim is to summarise the most up to date information on the conservation status of species and habitat types covered by Natura 2000 under both the Habitats and Birds Directive and to present summary information on the main pressures and threats they are facing

B.1 Latest assessment of conservation status of species and habitat types for territory

B.1.a Habitat types and species of Habitats Directive

The objective is to provide the most up to date knowledge on the conservation status of the Annex I habitats and Annex II species. This should be presented for each biogeographical region covered by the Region concerned. This should also be complemented by the summary assessment of the parameters for favourable conservation status

Sources of information: This will largely be based on data extracted from the Habitats Directive Article 17 assessment9.

B.1.b Annex I and migratory Bird Species

For bird species there is as yet no published EU assessment on the status and trends of Annex I and migratory bird species (for which SPAs are classified)10. Notwithstanding, it is necessary to have data for birds as a basis for priority setting in relation to management and restoration of Natura 2000 sites.

Potential sources of information: the summary of the 2004 Birds in Europe assessment for the country; national red lists results or other national assessments; the 2010 BAP country profile

B.2 Overall assessment of conservation status by Habitat category / species group

The situation in relation to ecosystem types (eg forests, peatlands, grasslands etc.) should be presented and interpreted.

Potential sources of information: The main source of information will be the summary results of the Article 17 assessment. This is also summarised in the 2010 BAP country profile (sections A1.1 & A1.3). More detailed summaries are available for agriculture and forest related habitats (2010 BAP profiles Objective 2) and for marine related habitats (2010 BAP profiles Section 3.1). Any relevant information and studies by Member States for habitats of birds should also be summarised

B.3 Overview of pressures and threats to species and habitats

Available information on key pressures and threats to be addressed should be presented, especially relevant to the management and restoration of the Natura 2000 sites.

9 The Article 17 Habitats Directive conservation status assessment has been carried out for EU 25 and does not cover Bulgaria and Romania, for which other relevant sources of information will need to be used. The summary data is also provided at national level and for regional PAFs there will be a need for further analysis

10 An assessment on population status and trends for bird species covered by the Birds Directive is under preparation in the context of reporting under Article 12 of this Directive.

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Potential source of information: Article 17 summary reports for species and habitats of Habitats Directive. Information on bird habitats should also be presented where relevant

C. Legal and administrative provisions for the protection and management of the Natura 2000 sites

C.1 Relevant legal provisions

Present a short summary of the regulatory, administrative and contractual approach for the management of the Natura 2000 sites. Indicate the competent authorities for the management of the sites and indicate any procedural provisions and co-operation between the public authorities as well as between them and private bodies, technical and scientific institutions, and if applicable with other regions and trans-border co-operation for implementation of management measures (max. 1-2 page).

Potential source of information: National/regional web sites and relevant policy documents

C.2 Progress and perspectives for management planning for the sites

The aim is to provide an update on progress and perspectives in relation to the establishment of conservation objectives and measures for species and habitats and especially in putting in place management plans and/or equivalent instruments for Natura 200011. Where information is available on the management systems applying to different categories of sites, this should be given.

While it is acknowledged that management plans are not a requirement under the Directive, this information is of special interest in order to understand the instruments the Member States use to manage their network and also to find more specific information if required.

In the context of Article 17 reporting under the Habitats Directive information is requested on the overall number of comprehensive management plans and the percentage of the network area covered by the comprehensive management plans plus the number of comprehensive management plans in preparation Although the SDF will include information on management plans (with “yes/no/in preparation” information), it is important to inform the general public on the overall number of comprehensive management plans. In order to put this number into context, a new field “% of the network area covered by plans” is included.

In this context management plans are considered as operational instruments that set practical measures to achieve the conservation objectives for the sites in the network. For reporting purposes under Article 17, only comprehensive management plans covering an entire Natura 2000 site (or sites) and fulfilling the following minimum requirements should be reported:

A comprehensive management plan should: indicate the habitat types and/or species and their localities for which conservation

measures are planned; identify the actual status of the habitat types and species and the desired status which

should be reached through the conservation measures; define clear and achievable conservation objectives and identify the necessary measures together with the means and a time schedule which can

contribute to meeting those objectives.

Potential sources of information: National/regional web sites; 2010 BAP country profiles (see section A.1.1.1); "Fact Sheet on Member State Natura 2000 Management Plans" in framework of Management

11 Whereas management plans are not a legal obligation under the Habitats Directive they are widely recognised to be a valuable tool in helping define and achieve the necessary conservation measures

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Group on Natura 2000; Information being compiled on management plans in context of reporting under Article 17 Habitats Directive.

C.3 Relevant government and non-governmental plans

Any particular initiatives for the conservation and recovery of individual habitat types or species or groups of them or for strengthening the coherence of the Natura 2000 network should be noted (e.g. a national plan for recovery of peatlands or forests). This may also relate to relevant measures under other plans in fulfilment of other EU legislation (e.g. Nitrates Directive, Water Framework Directive, Marine Strategy Directive etc.)

Potential sources of information: National/regional web sites of competent authorities

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D CURRENT EXPERIENCE WITH USE OF EU FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The aim is to get an overview of the significance / relative importance of different EU financial instruments for investments in Natura 2000 over the current EU financing period (2007-2013), the kind of uses being made of them as well as any problems encountered in using these funds. Background information on each of the relevant sectoral funds and the opportunities they provide for EU co-financing of Natura 2000 is available in the 'Financing Natura 2000 guidance handbook'.12 Presentations on the relevance of each of the key sectoral funds were also made at the conference on financing Natura 2000, held in Brussels in July 201013.

D1 European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)

Provide a summary of allocations under Axis 2 of Rural Development Programmes, as well as other national/regional financing. The aim is to provide an indication of the current approach to use of the funds for the territory, including the main categories being applied (e.g. whether category 213 Natura 2000 type payments or category 214 agri-environment payments etc apply). There is an opportunity to indicate other relevant categories. Where estimates are available they should be provided. Otherwise, indicate as VS (Very significant); MU (Moderate Use); MI (Minor use); NU (No use).

Please also provide an additional narrative summary of relevant details, including an indication of the key Natura 2000 conservation measures being pursued. Also indicate important lessons learnt in relation to the use of these funds, obstacles encountered that may need to be overcome to improve uptake of funding of future.

Potential source of information: Section A.2.1 of 2010 BAP country profile provides details on the allocation of funds to main categories of RDP. Information has also been compiled as part of the Commission study on Financing of Natura 2000. Member States may also have access to national/regional databases. In relation to the conservation measures being used the key source should be the rural development plans for the territory concerned.

D.2 European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

Provide a summary of allocations under Axis 1-4 of EFF used for Natura 2000 management. Due to fact that coding system for EFF funds does not provide breakdown for Natura 2000 the information is likely to be limited. In this context please indicate in narrative text any projects where EFF funds have been allocated/used please. If EFF funds are available and not utilised, where possible, please indicated an obstacles encountered.

Potential source of information: Section 3.2.1 of 2010 BAP country profile. Information compiled as part of the Commission study on Financing of Natura 2000.

12 Available in 22 languages at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/financing/index_en.htm

13 http://www.ecologic-events.de/natura2000/downloads.htm

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D.3 Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund

Provide a summary of allocations under the relevant categories of structural funding (51, 55 and 56) as well as the use of INTERREG for Natura 2000 management. Also indicate to what extent the European Social Fund may have been applied.

Potential source of information: Section B.1.1.4 of 2010 BAP country profile. Information has also been compiled as part of the Commission study on Financing of Natura 2000. Member States may also have access to national/regional databases. In relation to the conservation measures being used the key source should be the regional development plans for the territory concerned.

D.4 LIFE+

Provide a summary of allocations under LIFE+ for Natura 2000 management and indicate the main type of conservation measures being undertaken by the fund as well as key lessons learnt

Potential source of information: Section B.1.1 of 2010 BAP country profile. LIFE+ database.14 Information has also been compiled as part of the Commission study on Financing of Natura 2000

D.5 Other funding sources

Indicate any other important sources of funding relevant to the management of Natura 2000, particularly EU related funding, such as the 7th Framework Programme for Research. Also indicate any significant public/private partnership financing schemes or innovative financing initiatives. Summarise the key conservation measures being undertaken and lessons learnt.

Also indicate in this section whether there has been any 'programmatic' approach towards the national/regional funding of Natura 2000.

Potential source of information: National reports and web sites. Examples of innovative financing relevant to Natura 2000 are available in the Commission contracts15.

14 The Life project database summarises all relevant projects http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm Reviews of LIFE funded projects for several key ecosystems are available at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/themes/nature.htm

15 For examples see study on "Innovative use of EU funds to finance management measures and activities in Natura 2000 sites" at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/financing/docs/innovative_use_eu_funds.pdf

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E CURRENT ESTIMATE OF FINANCIAL NEEDS FOR MANAGEMENT OF NATURA 2000 FOR THE TERRITORY

The aim is to summarise the results of the 2008 questionnaire, which was designed to obtain an estimate of the financial resources required to complete and effectively manage Natura 2000 at land and sea. The aim was to have estimates consistent with managing all sites so as to ensure they make their contribution to the overall favourable conservation status of the network as defined in Articles 1e and 1i of the Habitats Directive16. This related to the implementation of the management measures foreseen in the Directives, in particular in relation to Article 6 of the Habitats and Article 4 of the Birds Directive.

Individual Member States’ cost estimates should relate to all sites17 for which they have responsibility. Estimates should relate to what is still required and not to what is currently spent, or what has already been spent. The aim was to present an estimate of future costs. However, the Commission did also encourage those countries who have annual estimates of actual expenditure to provide them as additional information.

Financing needs are based on activities relating to the management requirements at Natura 2000 sites or to network costs. To establish consistency and compatibility across Natura 2000 sites, some form of uniform system of reporting on costs was clearly required. The key reference used in this questionnaire was Annex III of the Commission Communication on Financing Natura 2000 (2004), which established a preliminary list of necessary measures and activities for the establishment and management of the Natura 2000 network. The Communication classification has subsequently been articulated in the Financing Natura 2000 Guidance Handbook18. As noted, this is generally consistent with the earlier classifications. It was not based on the nature of the costs incurred, like labour, fuel or utility charges but on the type of the activities to be financed. The main categories of costs for the 2008 questionnaire were

EC 2008 Type of costFinalisation of sites One-offInvestment costs One-offManagement planning One-offManagement planning RecurrentHabitat management and monitoring

Recurrent

Where Member States have more updated and reliable estimates of costs these can be provided for the territory.

Potential sources of information: National responses to 2008 questionnaire or more updated estimates of costs that have been prepared for the territory

16 Favourable conservation status does not appear in the Birds Directive but it can be seen as a tool for determining the ecological requirements of the various bird species under Article 2 and the EC has argued that the obligation extends to the Birds Directive in its own guidance on hunting under the Birds Directive.

17 Note that site specific cost estimates are not needed; only the national aggregates across sites should be reported – see further below and the questionnaire.

18 http://circa.europa.eu/Public/irc/env/financing_natura/library?l=/contract_management/handbook_update&vm=detailed&sb=Title (table 3 page 10).

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F STRATEGIC CONSERVATION PRIORITIES FOR NATURA 2000 FOR THE TERRITORY FOR PERIOD 2014-2020

Outline the strategic priorities for the next period and how this is expected to improve conservation status of Natura 2000 habitat types and species over the next financing period (2014 to 2020). Particular attention needs to be paid to strategy for improving the conservation status for priority habitat types and species. However, the strategy should not be limited to this and should also consider more widely how to secure improvements in conservation of other Natura 2000 habitats and species under both Birds and Habitats Directive (linked to nature sub-target). It can also take an ecosystem perspective (e.g. agricultural, forest, wetland, marine, etc). Whereas the primary focus should be on the sites there may also be justification for measures aimed at the overall coherence of the network, including those directly linked to implementation of Article 10 of the Directive.

There will be a need to incorporate into strategy and priorities a clear link to benefits from financial investments in Natura 2000 and ecosystem services, especially in relation to climate change and mitigation, and also to socio-economic benefits. The information may be organised under three main headings, the first two focusing in particular on the conservation priorities to be achieved for priority habitat types and species as well as other habitat types and species, the third on links to wider policy objectives and the benefits of investments in Natura 2000. It is for the Member States indicate their priorities in light of the above considerations, and having full regard to their state of development in establishing and implementing Natura 2000.

F.1 Summary of priorities for period (and expected outcomes) for priority habitat types and species having regard to need for measurable progress on nature sub-target under EU 2020 biodiversity strategy (Habitats and Birds Directives) and for ensuring good functioning of Natura 2000 network (SACs + SPAs)

F.2 Summary of priorities for period (and expected outcomes) for other habitat types and species having regard to need for measurable progress on nature sub-target under EU 2020 biodiversity strategy (Habitats and Birds Directives) and for ensuring good functioning of the Natura 2000 network (SACs + SPAs)

In line with Article 8 of the Habitats Directive the PAF should recognise the particular importance of priority habitats and species’ listed under this Directive. However, full consideration needs to be given to other species and habitats, especially those for which the Member States/Regions has a particular responsibility for their conservation within the EU. It is for the Member State to identify the habitat types and species most in need and for which Natura 2000 investments are required.

In establishing priorities the results of the Article 17 assessments under the Habitats Directive need to be fully considered Together with information on the status of birds this forms the baseline for assessing progress towards attainment of the nature target of the EU 2020 biodiversity strategy. The priorities should reflect the objective of achieving a significant and measurable improvement in the status of species and habitats by 2020

Target 1 of EU Biodiversity Strategy19

To halt the deterioration in the status of all species and habitats covered by EU nature legislation and achieve a significant and measurable improvement in their status so that, by 2020, compared to current assessments: (i) 100% more habitat assessments and 50% more species assessments under the Habitats Directive show an

19 COM (2011) 540 final

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improved conservation status; and (ii) 50% more species assessments under the Birds Directive show a secure or improved status.

Priority setting should also have regard to the functioning and coherence of the network, including ecological connectivity of Natura 2000 or wider measures supporting the sites as part of green infrastructure.

F.3 Strategic priorities in relation to investments in Natura 2000 linked to green tourism and jobs, to support climate change mitigation and adaptation or other ecosystem benefits, for research, education, training, awareness and promotion of co-operation (including cross-border) linked to Natura 2000 management

In order to secure adequate financing for Natura 2000 there needs to be increased focus on its contribution to the attainment of Europe 2020 objectives20. Optimising the benefits provided by investing in Natura 2000 needs to be more clearly reflected in the priority setting.

In addition to protecting nature's intrinsic value investing in Natura 2000 provides multiple benefits to society and the economy, at the local, regional, national and EU level. The most relevant socio-economic benefits include the role of Natura 2000 in regulating climate21 (e.g. mitigating climate change - including services directly relevant to climate change mitigation and adaptation such as flood conveyance of wetlands, natural coastal protection of dune systems, carbon sequestration of peatlands and the ability of forested mountain areas to prevent erosion and landslides), maintaining water flow and quality, safeguarding natural pollinators, preserving landscape and amenity values, and supporting tourism and recreation.

Several studies have already been undertaken for the Commission to evaluate the benefits of Natura 200022. Three further studies evaluating overall benefits of Natura 2000, the benefits linked directly to delivery of conservation measures at the sites and the tourism, recreational and employment benefits of investing in Natura 2000, will be finalised before the end of 2011.

Therefore in establishing priorities for financial investments in Natura 2000 full consideration needs to be given to

Multiple ecosystem benefits that can be derived from such investments

the potential link between financial investments in Natura 2000 and climate change23 It is for Member States to identify particular Natura 2000 habitat types (e.g. peatlands, river floodplains, forests, coastal habitats) for which investments can also provide climate change benefits.

the link between Natura 2000 investments, tourism and jobs and opportunities for research, education, training, awareness and promotion of co-operation (including cross-border) linked to Natura 2000 management

20 Europe 2020 is the EU's growth strategy for the coming decade aimed at a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. These three mutually reinforcing priorities should help the EU and the Member States deliver high levels of employment, productivity and social cohesion.The EU has set five ambitious objectives - on employment, innovation, education, social inclusion and climate/energy - to be reached by 2020. Each Member State has adopted its own national targets in each of these areas. Concrete actions at EU and national levels underpin the strategy (see http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/index_en.htm)

21 The Commission has developed guidelines on Climate change and Natura 2000 which are available at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/management/guidance_en.htm

22 The results of Commission funded studies on the benefits of Natura 2000 are available on the web site of DG ENVat http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/financing/index_en.htm.

23 Commission guidelines on Natura 2000 and climate change are in preparation

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G DESCRIPTION OF KEY MEASURES TO ACHIEVE PRIORITIES

The essential measures to give effect to priorities need to be identified by the Member State. A typology of 25 Natura 2000 management activities that may be eligible for EU co-financing has been developed (see Annex). This may be broadly defined as one-off investment costs and recurring management costs. Eligibility of different activities will vary under different EU funds.

It is proposed that this is best approached on an ecosystem perspective. Where possible, measures should be linked to each habitat type and species prioritised in the strategy. This can be further strengthened if linked to different Natura 2000 sites. The measures should also have full regard to ongoing work on setting conservation objectives and on the development of management plans or equivalent instruments for the sites (section C.2). They should also have full regard to the obstacles and lessons learnt from use of EU funds under the current financing period (section D).

The Natura 2000 Financing Natura 2000 guidance handbook and IT-tool already provide an indication of the type of conservation measures that may be applicable under current different sectoral funds, including potential examples and it is recommended that these are availed of, while noting that the future regulations may not contain each of the same provisions.

For each major heading and using the attached Annex provide for each major category the following breakdown

An outline of the type of activity Description of the measures to be undertaken An indication of the target species/habitats/sites An indication of potential financing sources

Where estimated costs exist for different priority measures (in accordance with information provided under section E) they can be indicated, although this may not be possible in relation to certain measures.

The following sections are indicative and can be adapted in relation to the priorities identified and indicated in Section F for the territory concerned. There may also be an overlap between measures indicated for one section and another (e.g. measures for restoration of peatlands can be indicated under wetlands and climate change mitigation/adaptation).

In relation to level of detail to be provided the aim should be to provide a level of specification in relation to conservation measures that can be readily translated into national and/or regional programmes.

G.1 General Priority Measures for Natura 2000

Indicate the general priority measures that are not linked to particular ecosystem or land category types. This can also include measures linked to good functioning of the network. This should relate to one off investments as well as recurring costs.

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G.1.a Priority Measures for Natura 2000 agricultural and forest habitats and species

Indicate the main agriculture and forestry related measures to give effect to priorities. This should relate to one off investments as well as recurring costs. Of particular interest here are measures linked to Rural Development Policy under the CAP. However, other financial instruments may also be relevant.

G.1.b Priority Measures for Natura 2000 marine and coastal habitats and species

This should include consideration of marine management measures that are linked to fisheries. This should relate to one off investments as well as recurring costs. If possible also have regard to the potential for complementarity with measures taken under the Marine Strategy Directive

G.1.c Priority Measures for Natura 2000 wetlands habitats and species, including peatlands.

This may include measures linked to aquaculture in freshwaters. This should relate to one off investments as well as recurring costs. Also have regard to actions being taken under EU water legislation, especially the Water Framework Directive

G.2 Other priority measures

As some EU co-financing opportunities for Natura 2000 may be linked to the attainment of other EU objectives (e.g. in relation to socio-economic development, climate change adaptation and mitigation, employment) it will be necessary to identify measures that provide such multiple benefits. The following sections are indicative and can be adapted in relation to the situation pertaining to the territory concerned.

G.2.a Priority Measures for securing ecosystem benefits of Natura 2000, especially in relation to climate change mitigation and adaptation

G.2.b Priority Measures for promoting sustainable tourism and employment in relation to Natura 2000

G.2.c Priority Measures to promote innovative approaches in relation to Natura 2000

Indicate priority measures that provide multiple ecosystem benefits24 and that contribute to ‘Green Infrastructure’. These may be one off investments or recurring management.

They may be climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, including in relation to carbon sequestration and water quality and quantity management measures.

Measures that contribute to the sustainable development of the territory and for which Natura 2000 sites provide benefits to the local population should be considered. This includes measures for tourism and promotion of local businesses. Measures may include investments in visitor infrastructure and nature interpretation, measures that promote Natura 2000 related entrepreneurial opportunities.25

There will also be a need to consider and trial innovative financing measures for Natura 2000, especially in relation to private financing. This may include tourism and entrepreneurial activities directly linked to and benefitting from the Natura 2000 areas but also in relation to the multiple benefits provided by investments in management and restoration of Natura 2000 sites (e.g. in relation to water quality management objectives).

Section G.3. Summary Table for of measures per species and habitat type24 information from the 3 Commission studies on benefits of Natura 2000 will be made available in 2011.

25 An example of the types of investment considered for the Slovenian Natura 2000 programme for the period 2007-2013 is given in Annex 4.6 to the ‘Natura 2000 site management programme: 2007-2013 operational programme’

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This summary table allows crosschecking from the point of view of species and habitats, to see how pressures and threats to each species/habitat are addressed in the given region/Member State. This summary table should list for each feature (species or habitat) the planned priority measures to be financed from EU funding (e.g. agri-environmental payment for late mowing, forest-environmental payment for retaining dead wood in the forest). This could serve for crosschecking which features are planned to be covered with one or more planned measures from EU financing/co-financing. This will allow for an overview of the priority measures planned for each feature having regard to the conservation status of the given feature and whether they represent a proper response to the main pressures and threats. Also, this allows a comparison between different regions/Member States to see, feature by feature, how pressures and threats are addressed within the range of the feature.

Section H: Monitoring, evaluation and updating of PAFs

Different elements for evaluation of the priorities and measures to be undertaken in accordance with the prioritised action framework already exist.

As regards the main expected outcome of improved conservation status of species and habitats the Article 17 evaluation and reporting system of the Habitats Directive is the key mechanism, and reporting will be foreseen for 2013/2014 and 2020/2021. A system for reporting on the population status and trends of birds under the Birds Directive is under development with the aim of being in place by 2014. These reporting systems will also provide the principal basis for evaluating progress in meeting the 2020 nature target of the EU biodiversity strategy.

Member States should also be in a position to evaluate progress through review of the implementation of management plans and equivalent instruments. Progress in the establishment of these management tools will also be an important indicator.

Each of the EU sectoral funds (EARDF, ERDF etc) has their own monitoring and evaluation systems and it is not proposed to duplicate these. However, in designing projects under these funds and under any future LIFE instrument the indicators of success should be defined in relation to the objectives of these projects. There should also be full regard to determining the allocation and uptake of funds for Natura 2000 under the different sectoral funds.

There should be a provision for updating of the PAFs in light of improved knowledge on the measures to be taken (e.g. as result of LIFE projects including work on the development of ‘integrated projects’, or the outcome of biogeographical seminars on management of Natura 200) and also having regard to developments in programming under key EU policy sectors (e.g. CAP, CFP). Progress in implementation of the PAFs shall also be considered in the context of future reviews of implementation of the EU Biodiversity strategy.

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ANNEX

Natura 2000 management Activities which may be eligible for EU co-financing26

Categorisation No. Types of Activities Further description

Establishment of Natura 2000 sites

1 Administration of the site selection process

Funding for authorities carrying out the selection process.

2 Scientific studies/inventories for the identification of sites – surveys, inventories, mapping, condition assessment

Scientific studies, research personnel, workshops and meetings, creation of databases etc.

3 Preparation of initial information and publicity material

Including handbooks, seminars, workshops, communication materials for training and capacity building.

4 Pilot projects Initial ‘trial’ projects at sites.

Management planning

5 Preparation of management plans, strategies and schemes (including scientific studies and investigations needed for planning and implementation based on solid knowledge)

Elaboration and/or update of management and action plans, land use plans etc.

6 Establishment of management bodies

Start-up funding, feasibility studies, management plans etc.

7 Consultation – public meetings, liaison with landowners

Including costs incurred for the organization of meetings and workshops, publication of consultation outcomes, financial support of stakeholders, etc.Can include networking activities (travel, meetings and workshops).

8 Review of management plans, strategies and schemes

Review and updating of management plans and strategies.

9 Running costs of management bodies (maintenance of buildings and equipment)

Including: running costs incurred to meet depreciation of infrastructure, consumables, travel expenses, rents and leases etc.

10 Maintenance of facilities for public access and use of the sites, interpretation, observatories and kiosks etc.

Including costs related to guides, maps, related personnel.

11 Staff (conservation/project officers, wardens/rangers, workers)

Ongoing staff costs.

Ongoing habitat management

12 Conservation management measures – maintenance and improvement of habitats’ favourable conservation status

Including restoration work, provision of wildlife passages, management of specific habitats, and preparation of management plans.

26 P 33, Financing Natura 2000, Guidance Handbook, revised version May 2007, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/financing/index_en.htm

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Categorisation No. Types of Activities Further description and monitoring

Ongoing habitat management and monitoring

13 Conservation management measures – maintenance and improvement of species’ favourable conservation status

Including restoration work, provision of wildlife passages, management of specific species (flora and fauna) and plans.

14 Conservation management measures in relation to invasive alien species (IAS)

Including restoration work, infrastructure, management of specific species, and preparation of management plans.

15 Implementation of management schemes and agreements with owners and managers of land or water to follow particular prescriptions.

Includes: Agri-environmental

measures, e.g. wildlife-friendly production methods, habitat restoration on agricultural land, extensive livestock breeding, conservation of meadows, etc

Forest-environmental measures, e.g. creation of exploitation-free zones, retention of dead wood, control or eradication of invasive alien species, afforestation or reforestation activities, management of specific vegetation, etc.

Aqua-environmental measures, e.g. habitat maintenance in aquaculture zones etc. (relates to aquaculture rather than fishing).

16 Provision of services: compensation for rights foregone and loss of income and developing acceptability ‘liaison’ with neighbors

Costs of compensation, e.g. to farmers, foresters or other land owners or users for income forgone as a result of management prescriptions needed for Natura 2000.

17 Monitoring and surveying Refers mainly to one-off costs related to monitoring and surveying activities, e.g. development of monitoring plans, methods and equipment and training of personnel.

18 Risk management (fire prevention and control, flooding etc)

Includes the preparation of wardening and fire-control plans, development of relevant infrastructure, and equipment purchase.

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Categorisation No. Types of Activities Further description 19 Site surveillance Includes on-going surveillance,

wardening and patrolling activities. Can include personnel costs, consumables, travel, etc in order to implement surveillance and guarding activities, including surveillance to control harmful recreational or economic activities and protect against wildfires.

20 Provision of information and publicity material

Includes establishing communication networks, producing newsletters and awareness-raising and information materials, setting-up and maintaining internet pages, etc.

21 Training and education Including production of handbooks, seminars, workshops and communication materials.

22 Facilities to encourage visitor use and appreciation of Natura 2000 sites

Investment costs

Investment costs

23 Land purchase, including compensation for development rights

Land purchase to achieve environmental protection and management schemes.

24 Infrastructure needed for habitat or species restoration

Includes an array of measures for the creation of specific infrastructure for the management of the environment, e.g. for water management in peat bogs and mines.Can include equipment acquisition (for equipment relevant to the running of protection and management institutions such as office and IT equipment, monitoring materials, boats, diving equipment, cameras, etc.)

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Categorisation No. Types of Activities Further description 25 Infrastructure for public access,

interpretation, observatories and kiosks, etc

Infrastructure for public use that is conducive to environmental protection and management (e.g. infrastructure to increase the amenity value of sites such as signage, trails, observation platforms and visitor centres).Can include equipment acquisition (for equipment relevant to the running of protection and management institutions such as office and IT equipment, monitoring materials, boats, diving equipment, cameras, etc.)

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