Principles of the Principles of the ConstitutionConstitution

And Judicial Review.

What are the principles of the Constitution?

Who Gives Government it’s Who Gives Government it’s Power?Power?

Popular Sovereignty – Popular Sovereignty – a a government in which the government in which the people rule.people rule. The Preamble of the U.S. Constitution The Preamble of the U.S. Constitution

clearly spells out who has the power.clearly spells out who has the power.

How is abuse of power How is abuse of power prevented?prevented?

Limited Government – Limited Government – the principle that the principle that requires ALL U.S. requires ALL U.S. citizens, including citizens, including government leaders, to government leaders, to follow the law.follow the law.

How is power shared?How is power shared?

Federalism – Federalism – a a system of govt. system of govt. in which power in which power is divided, or is divided, or shared, shared, between a between a central govt. central govt. and states.and states.

Federalism Continued…Federalism Continued…

What is the purpose of dividing powers between national and state governments?

One more look at One more look at FederalismFederalism

•Enumerated Powers – specifically assigned to the national govt.

•Reserved Powers – kept to the state govt.

•What are concurrent powers?

How is power divided?How is power divided?

Separation of Powers – Separation of Powers – the division of the division of basic govt. into branches. No one basic govt. into branches. No one branch is given all of the power.branch is given all of the power.

How is power evenly How is power evenly distributed?distributed?

Checks and Checks and Balances – Balances – the the ability of each ability of each branch of govt. branch of govt. to exercise to exercise checks, or checks, or controls, over controls, over the other the other branches.branches.

A closer look…A closer look…

What “check” does the Judicial What “check” does the Judicial Branch have on the Legislative Branch have on the Legislative

Branch?Branch?

Judicial Review – Judicial Review – the principle that the principle that the Supreme Court has the final the Supreme Court has the final say in interpreting the say in interpreting the Constitution.Constitution.

What is happening in the cartoon? What is happening in the cartoon?    

What is the cartoonist's message? What is the cartoonist's message?    

Do you agree or disagree with the message? Do you agree or disagree with the message?

Explain your answer.Explain your answer.

How are personal How are personal freedoms protected?freedoms protected?

Individual Rights – Individual Rights – personal personal liberty and privilege guarantee to liberty and privilege guarantee to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.

How are people’s views How are people’s views represented in govt?represented in govt?

Republicanism – Republicanism – the people the people exercise their exercise their power by voting power by voting for their political for their political representatives.representatives.

Identify the principle Identify the principle illustrated in the statementillustrated in the statement

In 2004, Americans chose George W. In 2004, Americans chose George W. Bush as their next President.Bush as their next President.

This is an example of ____________.This is an example of ____________.

Congress approved of President Congress approved of President Reagan’s appointment of Sandra Reagan’s appointment of Sandra Day O’Connor to the Supreme Court Day O’Connor to the Supreme Court of the United States.of the United States.

This is an example of ____________________.

Congress makes laws for the Congress makes laws for the nation. The Texas State nation. The Texas State Legislature makes laws for the Legislature makes laws for the state. state.

This is an example of ______________.

Now it’s your turn to Now it’s your turn to practice!practice!

1.1. Massachusetts must respect the laws of Massachusetts must respect the laws of neighboring Connecticut and distant Alaskaneighboring Connecticut and distant Alaska

2.2. Governor Perry and all other government Governor Perry and all other government officials must obey the law, as do all officials must obey the law, as do all American citizens.American citizens.

3.3. Voters in Texas elected Kay Bailey Voters in Texas elected Kay Bailey Hutchinson to represent them in the U.S. Hutchinson to represent them in the U.S. Senate.Senate.

4. Texas can not sign a treaty with Mexico 4. Texas can not sign a treaty with Mexico or any foreign country.or any foreign country.

5. The Supreme Court can rule that a 5. The Supreme Court can rule that a California state law is unconstitutional.California state law is unconstitutional.

6. The powers of the national government 6. The powers of the national government are distributed among three branches of are distributed among three branches of govt.govt.

7. The govt. cannot arrest a person unless 7. The govt. cannot arrest a person unless that person has violated a law.that person has violated a law.

8. State and local government supervise 8. State and local government supervise the public school system.the public school system.

9. The Senate can refuse to approve a 9. The Senate can refuse to approve a treaty that the President has negotiated.treaty that the President has negotiated.

10. The Supreme Court interprets and 10. The Supreme Court interprets and applies the laws.applies the laws.

11. The President can veto a bill approved 11. The President can veto a bill approved by the House of Representatives and by the House of Representatives and Senate.Senate.

12. The President is the commander in 12. The President is the commander in chief of the military.chief of the military.

13. The Preamble of the Constitution 13. The Preamble of the Constitution begins with “We the People.”begins with “We the People.”

14. The Bill of Rights guarantees free 14. The Bill of Rights guarantees free speech.speech.

15. The city of San Antonio, the state of 15. The city of San Antonio, the state of Texas, and the national government all Texas, and the national government all work together to repair Interstate 10.work together to repair Interstate 10.

16. Students protest the development of land 16. Students protest the development of land over the Edwards Aquifer.over the Edwards Aquifer.

17. Congress can override a President’s veto with 17. Congress can override a President’s veto with 2/3 of its member’s approval.2/3 of its member’s approval.

18. President Bush can be ticketed for speeding 18. President Bush can be ticketed for speeding (if he actually ever drives himself somewhere)(if he actually ever drives himself somewhere)

19. The Supreme Court ruled that the line-item 19. The Supreme Court ruled that the line-item veto was unconstitutional.veto was unconstitutional.

20. People protest outside a state prison on the 20. People protest outside a state prison on the day a prisoner is to be executed.day a prisoner is to be executed.