Presenting small area life

expectancies in England

Allan Baker

Deputy Head of Epidemiology and Surveillance

(non-communicable disease)

Workshop on Small-area Estimates of Life Expectancy

Claremont, 7th March 2018

Contents

• PHE’s Local Health tool

• Media reporting

• Visualising life expectancy estimates

• Measuring inequality in small area life expectancy

• PHE life expectancy tools

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Local Health

Local HealthPHE’s annual release of small area life expectancy estimates is via our

Local Health tool

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Local Health

Local Health created to meet user need for small area data

Contains around 70 indicators, for health outcomes, wider determinants

of health and demographic characteristics of populations

• An interactive mapping tool from which data can also be downloaded

• Provides report ‘profiles’ for defined small areas

• Areas can be combined to build up user defined bespoke areas

• Users can upload their own data

www.localhealth.org.uk

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Male LE at birth - Wards

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Stockton-on- Tees – Male LE

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Stockton Town Centre

64 years

Kensington & Chelsea – Male LE

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Courtfield

91.1 years

Kensington & Chelsea – Male LE

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Notting Dale

78.5 years

Courtfield

ward – K&C

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Highest and lowest LE estimates, 2011-15

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Males MSOAs 64.2

Males MSOAs 93.2

Males Wards 64.0

Males Wards 91.9

Females MSOAs 73.6

Females MSOAs 96.3

Females Wards 72.1

Females Wards 96.0

Display 2 maps

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Female life expectancy Deprivation

Bespoke geographies

• Users can aggregate small areas

to define their own geographies

• Majority of indicators can be aggregated

to new areas within the tool

but not life expectancy

• Standardised mortality ratios are

therefore also included,

which can be aggregated

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Bing maps

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Detailed

reports

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Media reporting

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A baby girl born in the

Northburn estate could expect

to live to 105, according to the

survey by Public Health

England.

Boys still lag a little behind in

life expectancy but overall

Northburn is cited as a great

place to be born and live.

Town and county councillor

Wayne Daley said: “This is

fantastic news and shows what

residents here have known all

along – that this is a great

place to live.”

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“Shocking new figures from Public Health

England reveal the average age at death in

Tranmere is 66.5 years - two-and-a-half years

lower than the famine-hit Communist state”

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RESIDENTS in some of the most deprived areas of Swindon can

expect to die up to 17 years younger than their counterparts in the

town’s wealthiest neighbourhoods, alarming new figures have

revealed.

According to the statistics released by Public Health England,

women in the Parks have the lowest life expectancy in town, with

the average dying at 78 years old. This is compared to Grange

Park where female residents live to more than 95 years old.

Sex-specific results

In some small areas,

male life expectancy may be

higher than for females

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“Survival forecasts show scores

of areas where men are now

expected to outlive women after

a lifestyle revolution”

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Males and females

In 2011-15 for electoral wards:

• 194 areas had higher life expectancy for males

• Biggest difference was 8.3 years

• Five wards had difference > 5 years (including Courtfield

in Kensington & Chelsea)

• Confidence intervals overlap for all 194 wards

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Visualising small area life

expectancies

Travelling east from Westminster, each tube stop represents nearly one year of life expectancy lost

Westminster

Waterloo

Southwark

London Bridge

BermondseyCanada

Water

Canary

Wharf

North

Greenwich

Canning Town

London Underground Jubilee Line

Differences in Life Expectancy within a small area in London

Electoral wards just a few miles apart geographically have lifeexpectancy spans varying by years. For instance, there are eight stops between Westminster and Canning Townon the Jubilee Line – so as one travels east, each stop, onaverage, marks nearly a year of shortened lifespan. 1

River Thames

1 Source: Analysis by London Health Observatory using Office for National Statistics data. Diagram produced by Department of Health

Male Life

Expectancy71.6 (CI 69.9-73.3)

Female Life

Expectancy 80.6 (CI 78.7-82.5)

Male Life

Expectancy77.7 (CI 75.6-79.7)

Female Life Expectancy

84.2 (CI 81.7-86.6)

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Lives on the Line

Source: http://tubecreature.com/#/livesontheline/current/same/U/*/TFTF/14/-0.0848/51.5066/

🏭 🏢🏠🏠🏠 🏠🏠🏢🏢

Female life expectancy at birth in Coventry 2010-2014Coventry’s bus route 10 crosses the city’s more affluent and more deprived neighbourhoods. This makes it useful to help illustrate the stark differences in life expectancy across the city –

a gap of ten years for males and seven years for females.

20 June 2017

👩 83

👩 84

👩 86

👩 80

👩 84

👩 82

👩 81

👩 79

👩 80

👩 79

👩 82

👩 83

👩 79 👩 79👩 80

🏭 🏢🏠🏠🏠 🏠🏠🏢🏢

www.coventry.gov.uk/infoandstats/

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Measuring inequalities in small

area life expectancies

Inequalities in life expectancy

• 2009 – Public Health Observatories asked to recommend a method

to summarise inequality in life expectancy within local authorities

• Proposed the Slope Index of Inequality

• Adopted as one of the overarching indicators in the Public Health

Outcomes Framework

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Public Health Outcomes Framework

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SII for Males

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SII for females

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Inequality in life expectancy has widened in

England

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Deprivation

deciles

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Trends in deprivation deciles

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Visualising inequality in life

expectancy

Who are the top football teams in the health

league?

Public health league table from University of Durham for Premier

League football clubs, based on:

• percentage of smokers (P, played)

• weight – percentage of obesity and overweight (W, won)

• deaths – all cause mortality rates per 100.000 (D, drawn)

• life expectancy for males in years (L, lost)

• female life expectancy in years (F, for)

• alcohol-related hospital admissions per 100,000 (A, against)

• gap in life expectancy for men between the most and least deprived

areas of the local authority in years (GD, goal difference)

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Inequality within Manchester

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Life expectancy: Which football fans are

Premier League?

For each neighbourhood in the country, BBC found the nearest English

Football League or Premier League team.

Cut down that catchment area to the 100,000 people living nearest to

the stadium and then, using latest from PHE, worked out average male

life expectancy for that group.

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Bottom of the league

Other PHE tools

Health Profiles

.

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Lambeth Health Profile

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Wider Determinants Tool

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Marmot Indicators – North East

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Marmot Indicators – South East

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The Segment Tool

• PHE’s Segment Tool provides information on the causes of death

that are driving inequalities in life expectancy at local area level

• Targeting the causes of death which contribute most to the life

expectancy gap should have the biggest impact on reducing

inequalities

• Absolute gap in life expectancy between most deprived and least

deprived areas (quintiles) within Stockton-on-Tees:

➢ Males – 14.0 years

➢ Females – 10.9 years

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Life expectancy

years gained or lost

if Stockton-on-Tees

most deprived

quintile had the

same mortality rates

as Stockton-on-Tees

least deprived

quintile, 2012-2014

Narrative for local authorities

• Public Health Outcomes Framework - summarises inequality within

the local authority (the slope index of inequality)

• Local Health – shows local variation within the local authority

•

• Segment Tool – shows the causes of death which are contributing

most to the inequality gap

•

• Other profiles and tools – provide further intelligence on specific

diseases or risk factors

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Fingertips

Profiles

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Links to tools and resources

Local Health http://www.localhealth.org.uk/

Public Health Outcomes Framework

https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/public-health-outcomes-framework

Health Profiles https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/health-profiles

Wider Determinants Tool

https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/wider-determinants

Segment Tool

https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/segment

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