Presented by: Edoardo Pizzoli - HANDBOOK ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD, LIVELIHOOD AND WELL-BEING: STATISTICS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Presented by: Edoardo Pizzoli -

HANDBOOK ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD, LIVELIHOOD AND WELL-BEING: STATISTICS ON RURAL

DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME

Chapter VII

RECOMMENDED CORE SET OF INDICATORS AND EXTENDED SETS


Main purpose of Chapter VII

To provide a STATISTICAL FRAMEWORK to both identify and construct a core set of indicators that will be useful to describe “rurality”

To give RECOMMENDATIONS based on considerations of operational feasibility

Analytical and summary indicators for rurality

There are strong expectations for this part of the Handbook as analysts and policy makers would like to have the right and few indicators to follow “rurality”

Nowadays a large number of statistical indicators are available to measure socio-economic phenomena

Many indicators are put forward in publications and on web-sites by national, international and independent institutions


A SELECTION of suitable indicators requires account to be taken of the:

MEASURABILITY of the specific categories

RELEVANCE to the rural phenomena

CORRELATION of the variables under consideration

etc...


…more on: Analytical and summary indicators for rurality

a dimension difficult to classify

Definition requires one to take account of:

population density

distance to services centre

Statistics requires administrative units to be classified

often, localities within these units can be classified


The territorial nature of rurality

Two overlapping sets of indicators

Indicators in relationship to two extreme approaches to the definition of rural:

the SECTORAL APPROACH; rural households are defined first

the TERRITORIAL APPROACH; rural areas are identified first


Two sets of rural indicators for DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

There is a wide difference in level of development in several key areas of interest in different geographical areas of the world

There is a need for some specific focuses (examples):

environmental conservation & rural sustainability in developed countries

poverty reduction & health care in developing countries


AREAS OF INTEREST covered by rural indicators

Suggestions by different economic ECONOMIC THEORIES OF DEVELOPMENT

main concerns of RURAL POLICY MAKERS

review of major PUBLICATIONS AND WEB-SITES dedicated to rural issues


COMPONENTS of rural development

natural environment

social well-being

POTENTIAL of rural development

territory with respect to population

economy

communications

SPECIAL FOCUSES on developing countries


…more on: AREAS OF INTEREST

Measures of rurality

There is background model representing rurality

Two main statistical units to collect and publish indicators:

RURAL HOUSEHOLDS

RURAL AREAS

Beside more statistical units:

population

regions


Defining the characteristics of an indicator that deals with rurality

Two main concerns:

the indicators often deal with poor areas of the world with few resources for statistical investigation

rurality itself does not have a simple definition


…more on: Measures of rurality

STATISTICAL REQUIREMENTS of a rural indicator

The construction of DIMENSIONAL INDICATORS

The use of different measures to represent the same characteristics of rurality:

LEVEL

DISPERSION & CONCENTRATION

TENDENCY OVER TIME


…more on: Measures of rurality

Examples of indicators: A- Components of rural development

Natural environment: quality of the countryside and the condition of the natural environment (natural resources and wildlife), as necessary requirements to reach a good quality of life and as an opportunity to enhance the economic conditions of the rural population

Suggested indicator: per capita drinking water


Social well-being: quality of social life and welfare. Good quality means good education and health; reduced risks and vulnerability of people

Suggested indicator: literacy rate

Economic conditions: income and wealth of people

Suggested indicator: real per capita income


…more on: Examples of indicators

Examples of indicators: B - potential for rural development

Territory with respect to population: territory available to the rural population to live, to cultivate (agricultural usable land) and to perform other economic activities

Suggested indicator: per capita agricultural area utilised (AAU)


Economy: economic environment health of rural population

Suggested tendency indicator: migration rate

Transportation and Communication Infrastructure: ability of rural population to communicate and interact with the rest of the world

Suggested indicator: per capita (railway, airport, etc.) stations


…more on: Examples of indicators

Examples of indicators C - Special focus on developing countries

Market and institutions: Food price index

Infrastructure: rural population with access to electricity

Poverty: rural population living on less than $ 1 a day

Agriculture: agricultural productivity

Natural resources: forests and deforestation

Education: rural female literacy with respect to rural male literacy

Health: infection among rural population


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Presented by: Edoardo Pizzoli - HANDBOOK ON RURAL HOUSEHOLD, LIVELIHOOD AND WELL-BEING: STATISTICS ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND AGRICULTURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME