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Presented by:
Business Continuity Planning
Tom Pilkington CA CFP TEP
National Estate and Tax Planning Consultant
Ontario Regional Marketing Centre
Keyperson Protection
Funding Shareholder Agreements
Global Financial2007 Kick-Off Meeting
Wednesday, January 10, 2007
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Important considerations This material is for information purposes only and should
not be construed as legal or tax advice. Every effort has been made to ensure its accuracy, but errors and omissions are possible.
All comments related to taxation are general in nature and are based on current Canadian tax legislation for Canadian residents, which is subject to change. Persons who are not residents in Canada or who are resident in Canada but are citizens of another country, may be subject to different tax rules in Canada and may also be subject to taxes levied by jurisdictions other than Canada.
For individual circumstances, consult with legal or tax professionals.
This information is current as of January 10, 2007
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The success of a business
The right strategy The right product / service The right market The right price
The right people!
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Who are the key employees
Key decision makers Financial and operations management Research Technology Marketing Sales Etc.
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Who are the key employees
The owner-managers Any other employees who have a
financial impact on the success of the business
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The problem
Premature death of the owner-manager or other key employee: Bankers may call loans Suppliers may not extend credit Customers may not return Employees may seek more secure
employment
Without a source of working capital, the business may not survive!
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The problem
The business will need cash to Meet immediate working capital needs Repay short-term loans Hire interim management Find, attract, hire and train a replacement
But, where will the cash come from?
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Key person insurance protection
Planning considerations Type of policy Life insured Owner Beneficiary Premium payer Premiums are not tax deductible Death benefit is tax-free Credit to CDA
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Prospect profile
Private corporation (small or large) Closely held Owner-manager or other key employees Age 30 - 50, healthy Cash flow to pay premiums
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Factfinding
Are you able to take regular vacations away from the business?
Are other family members involved in the business?
Is the business protected for the loss of your key employees?
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The problem
What happens to the shares of a deceased shareholder if there is no prior arrangement
OPCO
Mr. A Mr. CMs. B
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The problem
Shares pass through the deceased’s estate to the surviving spouse / kids / other beneficiaries, who then become owners in the business
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The problem
What problems might arise if the deceased’s family gets the shares On-going tensions with other owners Family may wish to sell the shares Family may not be able to find a buyer Other owners may wish to purchase the
shares Family and other owners may not be able to
agree on price Other owners may not have sufficient funds
to purchase the shares
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The problem
Typically, the deceased’s estate would prefer having cash and not shares
Typically the remaining shareholders would prefer owning all the shares and having full control of the company
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The solution
Owners enter into a shareholders agreement Contractual undertaking under which each
shareholder assumes certain rights and obligations
One of the most important business tools Objective is to minimize shareholder disputes Includes buy-sell provisions to help ensure an
orderly transition in the event of the withdrawal of a shareholder for any reason
Pre-funded if possible to reduce financial risk
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Events covered in an agreement
Dissension between the parties Third party offers Marital breakdown Insolvency Retirement Disability and/or critical illness Death
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Funding the buy-sell provisions
Funding alternatives Defer the funding obligation until event
occurs- Use corporate or personal cash flow- Use corporate or personal assets- Use bank loans- Use vendor financing
Pre-fund the obligation- Sinking fund (reserve)- Insurance
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Structuring an insured buy-sell
Structuring an insured buy-sell Alternatives:
Insured cross-purchase method Insured promissory note method Insured share redemption method Insured hybrid (combination) method
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Structuring an insured buy-sell
Structuring an insured buy-sell Insured cross-purchase method
- Insurance is personally owned (or by trust)- Deceased’s shares are purchased by
surviving shareholders- Purchase is financed with life insurance
proceeds- Capital gain taxed on deceased’s final tax
return- Capital gains exemption may be available- Step-up in ACB of survivor’s shares
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Structuring an insured buy-sell
Structuring an insured buy-sell Insured promissory note method
- Insurance is corporate owned- Deceased’s shares are purchased by
surviving shareholders- Purchase is financed with life insurance
proceeds- Capital gain taxed on deceased’s final tax
return- Capital gains exemption may be available- Step-up in ACB of survivor’s shares
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Structuring an insured buy-sell
Structuring an insured buy-sell Insured share redemption method
- Insurance is corporate owned- Deceased’s shares are redeemed (purchased)
by the company- Purchase is financed with life insurance
proceeds- Capital gain on deceased’s final return offset
by capital loss in estate - Deemed dividend on redemption elected to
be a tax-free capital dividend - No step-up in ACB of survivor’s shares
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Structuring an insured buy-sell
Structuring an insured buy-sell Insured hybrid (combination) method
- Insurance is corporate owned- Portion of deceased’s shares purchased by
surviving shareholders under the insured promissory note method and remaining shares are redeemed under the insured share redemption method
- Purchase is financed with life insurance proceeds
- Permits use of capital gains exemption- Partial step-up in ACB of survivor’s shares
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Choice of method
FMV of business ACB of shares Availability of capital gains exemption Number of shareholders Relative cost of coverage Personal vs corporate tax rate
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Case study
Smith Jones
OPCO
50Shares
50Shares
Fair Market Value = $1,000,000Fair Market Value = $1,000,000
FMV = $500,000ACB = $0PUC = $0
FMV = $500,000ACB = $0PUC = $0
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Case study
Solution (in this case study) Insured promissory note method
- $500,000 life insurance coverage on each owner (at least!)
- Opco owns the policy, pays premiums and is the beneficiary
- Premiums are not tax deductible!
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Case study
Steps Insured promissory note method
- $500,000 life insurance pays tax-free death benefit to Opco following death of shareholder
- Excess of proceeds over policy ACB credited to capital dividend account
- Survivor purchases shares from deceased’s estate in return for promissory note
- Opco distributes insurance proceeds to survivor as tax-free capital dividend
- Survivor uses cash to pay off the promissory note
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Case study
Result Insured promissory note method
- Deemed disposition on death results in $500,000 capital gain on the deceased’s final tax return
- Capital gain fully offset by capital gains exemption
- Deceased estate receives $500,000 proceeds on sale tax free!
- Survivor now owns 100% of shares worth $1,000,000 with a tax cost (ACB) of $500,000 and incurs no debt on the transaction!