Présentation on Power of Exécutives

8/3/2019 Prsentation on Power of Excutives

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Prsentation on Power of

Excutives

Presented BY:-

Nitin PareekB.A.LLB

Roll no. 53


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Introduction

executive, one who carries out the will or plan of

another person or of a group. In government, the

term refers not only to the chief administrative

officer but to all others who execute the laws and

to them as a group. In modern government, the

executive also formulates and carries out

governmental policies, directs relations with

foreign governments, commands the armed

forces, approves or disapproves legislative acts,recommends legislation, and in some countries

summons and opens the legislature, appoints and

dismisses some executive officials, and pardons

any but those impeached.


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Bodies of excutives in India

1. Prsident of India

2. Vice prsident of India

3. Gouverner of state

4. Council of ministres


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About Prsident of India

According to the Indian Constitution the

President of India is elected by the electoral

college. The electoral college consists of themembers of both the Houses of Parliament

namely Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. The

Legislatures of the constituent states also play

an important role in electing the President of

India. Being elected for a term of 5 years, the

President of the country heads the State and

Supreme Commander of the Defense Forces


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President has the highest rank in the

Executive Branch of Indian Government. The

President of India is the ultimate authority

who signs the bills of Parliament prior to the

passing of the same. Also, every year the first

session of the Parliament is addressed by the

President of the nation


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Powers of President1.Executive power

He appoints the Prime Ministerwho enjoys

the support of the majority in the LokSabha

The President makes important

appointments. He appoints Governors of

States, Chief Justice, judges of the

Supreme Court and the High Courts,


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2.Judicial power The President of India can grant pardon or

reduce the sentence of a convicted person. If

he considers that a question of law or a

matter of public importance has arisen, he can

ask for the advisory opinion of the Supreme

Court

He may or may not accept that opinion


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Attorney General, Comptroller and Auditor

General, Chief Election Commissioner and

other Election Commissioners, Chairman and

Members of the Union Public Service

Commission

He can declare war, make peace and conclude

treaties with other countries


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Legislative power The President summons the sessions of both

houses of the Parliament and prorogues them.

He can even dissolve the Lok Sabha

His address on these occasions is generally

meant to outline the new policies of the

government


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A bill that the Parliament has passed, can

become a law only after the President gives

his assent to it

When the Parliament is not in session and

the government considers it necessary to have

a law, then the President can promulgate

ordinances


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Emergency powerThe President can declare three types of

emergencies:

National emergency

State emergency

Financial emergency


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Vice President of India The Vice-President of India is second behind

the president in the Executive branch of

the Government of India

The current Vice-President of India is

Mr. Hamid Ansari

The Vice-President takes over from the

President when the President


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dies in office

is impeached from office

resigns from office

is too ill to continue in office

The term of office of the Vice-President is five

years. It may terminate earlier by resignationor removal


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He may be removed by a resolution of

the Rajya Sabha passed by a majority of its

members & agreed to by the House of the

People

The Vice-President gets salary as the ex-officio

Chairman ofRajya Sabha


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Functions of vice-president Performing as the Chairman of Rajya Sabha Functioning as the Presiding Officer in either

or both the Houses of Parliament

Functioning as the Acting President of India

under such circumstances as death,

resignation or removal of the actual President

Offering consultation regarding various

policies of the states of India


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Governor

India has 28 states within its territory. The

Constitution of India states that each and every state

of the nation should have a Governor. The governor

of every state enjoys the executive powers. ThePresident of India appoints the Governor for each of

the state of the country. The Prime Minister, along

with other members of the Council of Minsters,

provides assistance to the Governor


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Governor powers Executive powers related to administration,

appointments and removals,

Legislative powers related to lawmaking and

the state legislature, that is Vidhan

Sabha or Vidhan Parishad,

Discretionary powers to be carried out

according to the discretion of the Governor


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Role of governor There shall be a Governor for each state

(Articles 153 of the Constitution of India)

The executive power of the State shall bevested in the Governor and shall be exercised

by him either directly or through officers

subordinate to him in accordance with the

Constitution of India (Article 154)


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The Governor of a State shall be appointed by

the President by warrant under his hand and

seal (Article 155)

A person to be eligible for appointment as

Governor should be citizen of India and has

completed age of 35 years (Article 157)


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The Governor shall not be a member of the

Legislature or Parliament; shall not hold any

office of profit, shall be entitled to

emoluments and allowances. (Article 158)

Every Governor and every person discharging

the function of the Governor shall make a

subscribe an oath or Affirmation(Article 159)


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Council of ministers There is a Council of Ministers headed by the

Prime Minister to aid and advise the President

in exercise of his functions. The Prime Minister

is appointed by the President, who also

appoints other ministers on the advice of

Prime Minister. The Council is collectively

responsible to the Lok Sabha


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In fact the Council of ministers is the holder of

the real powers in Indian government and the

leader of the majority party in the legislature

is appointed as the Prime Minister. Article

75(1) state that "the Prime Minister shall beappointed by the President and the other

Ministers shall be appointed by the President

on the advice of the Prime Minister


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The Council of Ministers in India comprisesthree different categories that include the

Union Cabinet Ministers, Minister of state and

Deputy Ministers. The Indian Constitution

does not mention anything about the Cabinet

Ministers except in Article 352 where Cabinet

is defined as the Council consisting of

Ministers of Cabinet rank


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Functions are:- The council of ministers are mainly to aid and

advise the President in the exercise of his

functions

It is also saddled with the responsibility of

formulating internal and foreign policies

And prosperity of the country depends largely

on the policy formulated by the Ministry


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The Ministry also plays a key role in

determining the economic activity of the

state. Currency, banking, commerce, trade,

insurance and formulation and

implementation of other plans are regulated

and controlled by the Ministry as well


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Thank you

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Présentation on Power of Exécutives