Presentation

on

I.C ENGINE

PREPARED BY:

GADHAVI POOJA( EN. NO: 131150106013)PATEL MANSI (EN. NO: 131150106048)

SOLANKI KRISHMA( EN. NO: 131150106067)TRIVEDI HIRAL (EN. NO: 131150106072)

SUB: E.M.E DEPARTMENT: CIVIL

SWAMINARAYAN COLLEGE OF ENGG. & TECH.,SAIJ

The brief history of internal combustion engines.The brief history of internal combustion engines.

What is an internal combustion engine?What is an internal combustion engine?

Why do we need them in today’s world?Why do we need them in today’s world?

What do we use them for?What do we use them for?

How do they work?How do they work?

A brief discussion on diesel engines. A brief discussion on diesel engines.

Many designs have been made over the last 4 Many designs have been made over the last 4 centuries but only a few men were recognized as centuries but only a few men were recognized as inventors. inventors.

The first person to invent a working internal The first person to invent a working internal combustion engine automobile was Francois Isaac combustion engine automobile was Francois Isaac de Rivaz of Switzerland in 1807. Mixing hydrogen de Rivaz of Switzerland in 1807. Mixing hydrogen and oxygen for fuel.and oxygen for fuel.

The first gasoline powered engine was built in 1864 The first gasoline powered engine was built in 1864 by a man named Siegfried Marcus and was said to by a man named Siegfried Marcus and was said to be the forerunner to the modern automobile. It be the forerunner to the modern automobile. It reached speeds up to ten mph.reached speeds up to ten mph.

In 1876 two of the greatest engines were invented. In 1876 two of the greatest engines were invented. The two and four stroke engine by Nikolaus The two and four stroke engine by Nikolaus August Otto and Sir Dougald clerk. Starting the August Otto and Sir Dougald clerk. Starting the rise of even better and more efficient machine. rise of even better and more efficient machine.

Spark plugSpark plug

PistonPiston

Piston ringsPiston rings

Intake valve Intake valve

CrankshaftCrankshaft

Cylinder Cylinder

Piston rodPiston rod

Exhaust valveExhaust valve

The internal combustion of an engine is The internal combustion of an engine is considered to be the heart of the automobile. considered to be the heart of the automobile.

They are defined as any engine that uses an They are defined as any engine that uses an explosive combustion of fuel and air to push a explosive combustion of fuel and air to push a piston within a cylinder. Forming the repeating piston within a cylinder. Forming the repeating cycle known as the strokes. cycle known as the strokes.

Intake, Compression, Power Stroke, and Exhaust Intake, Compression, Power Stroke, and Exhaust are the four actions of one stroke. are the four actions of one stroke.

The difference between the two cycle and four The difference between the two cycle and four cycle engine is the number of strokes it uses to cycle engine is the number of strokes it uses to start the fuel reaction of internal combustion.start the fuel reaction of internal combustion.

Diesel engines unlike gasoline do not need spark Diesel engines unlike gasoline do not need spark plugs to ignite the fuel. Instead it uses plugs to ignite the fuel. Instead it uses compression but undergoes the same principle of compression but undergoes the same principle of a stroke.a stroke.

This starts at the This starts at the highest point known highest point known as top dead center as top dead center and ends at bottom and ends at bottom dead center dead center

The intake stroke The intake stroke allows the piston to allows the piston to suck fuel and air into suck fuel and air into the combustion the combustion chamber through the chamber through the intake valve portintake valve port..

Compression starts at Compression starts at bottom dead center bottom dead center and ends at top dead and ends at top dead center.center.

The second motion of The second motion of the stroke takes all the stroke takes all the fuel and air that the fuel and air that was stored and was stored and compresses it into compresses it into one tenth its original one tenth its original sizes. Making the sizes. Making the air/fuel mixture air/fuel mixture increase in increase in temperature preparing temperature preparing it for the next stage in it for the next stage in its combustion cycleits combustion cycle..

The power stroke The power stroke starts as soon as starts as soon as the piston reaches the piston reaches top dead center top dead center allowing the spark allowing the spark plug to ignite.plug to ignite.

This electric This electric current created by current created by the spark plug the spark plug ignites the fuel and ignites the fuel and air mixture air mixture sending the piston sending the piston back down the back down the cylinder with a cylinder with a pressure reaching pressure reaching high as 600 PSI.high as 600 PSI.

The final stage of The final stage of the stroke releases the stroke releases all the burned fuel all the burned fuel through the through the exhaust valve.exhaust valve.

As the piston As the piston moves from bottom moves from bottom dead center to top dead center to top dead center it takes dead center it takes all the burned fuel all the burned fuel and pushes it out and pushes it out of the cylinder, of the cylinder, preparing it for the preparing it for the next cycle of next cycle of strokesstrokes..

DrawingDrawing

Diesel engines work on the same principle Diesel engines work on the same principle as the two and four stroke engines. They do as the two and four stroke engines. They do not need a spark plug to ignite the fuel. not need a spark plug to ignite the fuel. During the intake stroke, air does not mixed During the intake stroke, air does not mixed with the fuel in the cylinder. Instead as the with the fuel in the cylinder. Instead as the air reaches high enough compression Fuel air reaches high enough compression Fuel is then sprayed into the cylinder creating is then sprayed into the cylinder creating ignition. This pushes the piston down the ignition. This pushes the piston down the cylinder at a pressure of 500 PSI, starting cylinder at a pressure of 500 PSI, starting the stroke all over again. the stroke all over again.

Internal combustion engines have ultimately revolutionized the way we live.

With the small and light weight design of the two cycle engine tasks like trimming the hedges and cutting down weeds became easier and more efficient. With the power of the four stroke we are now able to dig up dirt and cut down trees with out even breaking a sweat. Internal combustion engines have made life easier since the first one was built in the early 1800’s .