presentation of gas turbine

7/26/2019 presentation of gas turbine

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Gas Turbine Combustion Systems


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About me

2007-Present Solar Turbines Inc., Caterpillar Company

2002-2007 Ph.D. Combustion Science, !", #CSD

2000-2002 General "lectric Global $esearch Center

%&&'-2000 .S., !erospace "n(ineerin(, In)ian Institute o*

Technolo(y + #niersity o* Stutt(art


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otiation to stu)y about In)ustrial Gas Turbines

hat )oes combustor )o

Types o* combustors

Desi(n re/uirements

Intro)uction to combustion chemistry

!lternatie *uels, pollutants, oscillations

Challen(es relate) ith ariable loa) con)itions


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"ner(y 1utloo $eport

#S D1"


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Trend of worlds energy consumption (Data from US Department of Energy)

1 Quadrillion 1!1"# 1 $TU 1%!""&1!'

orl)3s ener(y re/uirement can lar(ely be classi*ie) into "lectric poer, transportation ener(y

1 Quadrillion $TU "* Tons +oal or 1T ft',atural -as or 1.!* $arrels of crude oil

1 $arrel crude oil / gallon 0%1 - of energy


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2rgani3ation of economic cooperation and de4elopment

Trend of worlds electricity consumption (Data from US Department of Energy)

5ossil fuels4 Coal, (asoline, )iesel, natural (as an) other petroleum pro)ucts

Alternati4e sources of energy4 in) turbines, solar panels, hy)roelectric, nuclear,

(eothermal, ti)al, an) list (oes on5

Alternati4e fuels4 "thanol, bio-)iesel, biomass, coe oen (as, syn(as, municipal aste,

lan)*ill (ases, anythin( rottin(5

a6or sources o* electricity pro)uction


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There is a ery ell establishe) ener(y in*rastructure base)

on *ossil *uels in #S an) across the (lobe.

uel $eseres 89:

;i*etime 8y:

,000 2?' %>0

1il &2'0 @0 ?0

Gas @&@@ &0 ?0

T6e worlds pro4en fossil fuel reser4es and lifetimes

The a)anta(e o* alternatie *uels is that the eAistin( in*rastructure canbe use).

Gas turbines in)ustry is (oin( to stay in business *or a lon( time


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!bout Solar3s Gas Turbines


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7ow does t6is story relate wit6 -as Turbines +ombustion systems8

Types o* en(ines-Poer (eneration4 -as Turbines, Steam Turbines,


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-as Turbines find t6eir applications in

-electric poer (eneration, mechanical )rie systems, supply

o* process heat an) compresse) air, pump )ries *or (as or

li/ui) pipelines

-6et propulsion, lan) an) sea transport 8in*ancy state:

9ndustrial turbines or prime mo4ers


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Solar Turbines Incorporate), a subsi)iary o* Caterpillar

Company is a orl) lea)in( pro)ucer o* mi)-ran(e 8%

2? : in)ustrial (as turbines *or use in poer (eneration,natural (as compression, an) pumpin( systems.

There are %2,?00E en(ines installe) in %02 countries

Solar rans as one o* the ?0 lar(est eAporters in the #nite)States


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1ur units are use) *or poer (eneration, (as compression,

an) mechanical )rie applications

-:ower generationis the pro)uction o* electrical ener(y

hether *or stan)-by or base loa) poer applications.

--as compressionapplications inclu)e (atherin( 8at the

ell hea):, transmission 8pipeline:, re-in6ection 8stora(e:,

an) pressure boost 8compression:.

-*ec6anical dri4eapplications are units sol) as prime-moers *or non-Solar paca(e) )rien e/uipment, hether

(enerators, compressors, or pumps


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Barbor Drie acility


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-as Turbines 2E*s


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2utput 1%/ *;T6ermal Eff% /%" Isentropic eApansion 8in a turbine:M hF-h> mCp8TF-T>:

>-% Constant pressure heat re6ection
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Brayton_cycle.svg


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-as TurbineminCpTin8minEm:CpTout

Sha*t poer

m/$comb

C i) C t )


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Consi)er Centaur an) ercury

Jnon

P ratio %0

TIT %F?0 JCompressor "**. 0.'@

Turbine "**. 0.'&

Beat eAchan(er e**ectieness 0.'

!mbient temperature an) pressure, F00 J, % bar

Speci*ic heat Cp %.00? N=J(-J

Speci*ic heat ratio %.>

Calculate 8a: Compressor outlet temperature 8b: Turbine out temperature 8c:

Compressor or 8): Turbine or 8e: bac or ratio 8*: "**iciency *or i)eal, actual,

an) recuperator en(ine


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irst ;a4 ( ) ( ) WVVhhQ ++= 212

2122

1

2

2

0

Vhh +=Sta(nation enthalpy

Compressor or )( 1212 TTchh p =

Turbine or )( 4343 TTchh p =

Beat input )( 2323 TTchh p =

or isentropic process ( )4

3

1

1

2

1

2

1

TTr

PP

TT ==

=


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Thermal "**iciency)(

)()(

inputenergy

outputnet work

23

1243

TTc

TTcTTc

p

pp

==

=

1

11

r


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%

232

F

>

>3

"/uipment e**iciencies

0102

01

'

02

TTTTC =

=

1

1

01

0201

0102

P

PT

TT C

=

1

0403

030403/

11

PPTTT T

'

0403

0403

TT

TT

T

=

T

S

Process %-23 an) F->3 i)eal

Process %-2 an) F-> actual


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%

232

F

>

>3

T

S

$ecuperator

?

@

Beat eAchan(er e**ectieness

0204

0205

TT

TT

=

)(

)()(

inputenergy

outputnet work

53

1243

TTc

TTcTTc

p

pp

==


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ariation o* Cp ith temperature

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