Presentation by ZERO Early Lessons from Implementation of Wind Power Technology for Climate Change Adaptation §By J T Chigwada, Programme Manager, ZERO

Presentation by ZERO

Early Lessons from Implementation of Wind Power Technology for Climate Change Adaptation

By J T Chigwada , Programme Manager, ZERO Regional Environment Organisation, Harare, Zimbabwe

[email protected]


Improving rural livelihoods through renewable energy provision


PROJECT BACKGROUNDFunded by the Dutch Government

• Project Sites: Temaruru Business Centre and Clinic (Rusape), Msampa Fishing Camp (Kariba), Chikukwa Permaculture Training Centre (Chimanimani), Wiltshire Headquarters Clinic (Chivhu) and Vungu Secondary School (Lower Gweru)

• Project implemented in three phases: phase 1 -1990 – 1993

Phase 2 –1998- 2001• Phase 3 2006--2010


BROAD OBJECTIVEBROAD OBJECTIVE To contribute in a meaningful and

practical way, to the provision of an affordable and renewable energy alternative to the rural people of Zimbabwe for poverty alleviation


Expected OutputsExpected Outputs•Production and installation of at least six wind turbines; •Wind technology demonstrations at selected village sites so as to showcase the technology; •Production and distribution of training manuals and other awareness-raising material on the applicability and use of the wind turbine; and •A better-informed public on the use of wind to generate electricity. Alternative sources of livelihoods provision


• Focus was on monitoring of wind speeds and installations of pilot wind generators.

• Wind data collection was carried out at four sites: Chivhu, Karoi, Mt Darwin and Rusape and then computed this information to create a data bank.

Phase 1Phase 1


Phase 2Phase 2• Three 50-Watt Marlec wind generators

providing 1 12-volt direct current (DC), through a charge controller were installed during the period in Chimanimani District

• Generators were installed at Chayamiti, Chikukwa and Shinja. Another generator was installed at Dumbabwe Clinic in Makoni. This phase provided the operational experience in local conditions


Phase 2Phase 2• Results from the wind monitoring

programme and meteorological data suggested that usable wind resources are available in 20 to 35% of Zimbabwe.


Phase 3Phase 3•Use of energy for water pumping

•Sitting and drilling of boreholes for water provision

•Establishment of fruit, nutrional and herbal gardens

•Establishment of drip irrigation

•Establishment of beekeeping and mushroom growing

•Growing of Jatropha curcas as a live fence

•Establishment of biodiesel processing plant

•Establishment of a small bakery


ACCOMPLISHMENTSACCOMPLISHMENTS

• Market survey to gauge market response• Setting up battery charging systems• Socio-economic study to assess economic

viability of wind-powered water pumping system• Production of 1kW and 4kW wind turbines• Local personnel trained on basic repair work

and maintenance• 1 drilled borehole• Provision of 36 beehives


ACCOMPLISHMENTS (contd)ACCOMPLISHMENTS (contd)

• Production of an operator’s manual for the wind system

• Formation of Community Trusts to take charge of the project

• Creation of partnership between Govt., an NGO (ZERO) and a private company (Powervision Pvt. Ltd.)


ACCOMPLISHMENTS (contd)ACCOMPLISHMENTS (contd)

• Raised awareness on wind power (renewable energy)

• Destroyed the myth that Zimbabwe does not have enough wind speed to warrant wind turbines


Power Source Comparison Power Source Comparison

Power Source Daily Output Estimated Life Cycle Unit cost

PT 3600 Wind Turbine

3kWhr US$0.10/kWhr

1 kWp PV array 5kWhr US$0.20/kWhr

10 kVA Diesel Genset

8kWhr US$0.70/kWhr


Stakeholder Motivation Contribution

Min of Transport and Energy ( Depts of Energy and Meteorology)

Political and Policy Framework for Rural Electrification

Political and policy framework, wind monitoring and data collection and govt support

Rural District Councils

Local development and improved social services in the districts

Mobilisation of Communities, setting up of district pilot demonstration sites

Smart PartnershipSmart Partnership


Smart PartnershipSmart PartnershipStakeholder Motivation Contribution

ZERO Promotion of Rural Energy services, analysis of new energy delivery modes.

Mobilisation of Resources, Grant funding, social analysis and Research

Powervision Promotion of renewable energy products and services

Manufacturing,installation, distribution and marketing of wind turbines



Manx Wind Energy Services

Promotion of renewable energy (wind) products and services

Consultancy services in the development of low wind speed turbine generators.

The World Bank (ESMAP)

Encouragement of use of renewable energy sources for rural development

Finances



Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority (ZESA)

Research on alternatives for Rural Electrification models

Technical assistance and standards

Communities (Rural women, men and youth)

Improved access to energy services for rural development

“Self-help” management and operation, and use of electricity and its payment


Project ImpactProject Impact• Introduction of barber shop, an Electronic

shop and a hair salon• Increased sales of groceries, including beer• Charging of car batteries done locally• Access to a clinic (health services) (24hrs)• Improved living standards of rural women,

men and the youth• Improved incomes through beekeeping by

rural women, men and youth


Layout of the wind mini-grid community power system


The Temaruru/ Dumbamwe Community Power Trust

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES

EMPLOYEES

USERS

Administrative

Operations

Ministry

Utility

Residents

Batteries

Local Government (RDCs)

Industry

Accounts

Financial

Business

Residents

Institutions

Community

NGO/ZERO

Technical

Maintenance

Clinic

Grid

SchoolBusiness


ConclusionConclusion• An approach to rural electrification that

combines all of the above-interlinked aspects therefore stands a good chance of success and sustainability

• The combination of different stakeholders brings a valuable range of strength and out look to the project development.

• The use of locally manufactured equipment and skills provides invaluable experience and show cases the potential of locally initiated solutions, whilst ensuring future backup.


ZERO’s VisionZERO’s VisionTo be a leading organisation in advancing

a peaceful, democratic and prosperous southern Africa built upon the equitable distribution and effective management of land resources. (It is dynamic and flexible and within its ambits the gender equation can be included)


Documents

Presentation by ZERO Early Lessons from Implementation of Wind Power Technology for Climate Change Adaptation §By J T Chigwada, Programme Manager, ZERO