Presentation 4th Aug 2009 - Narottam Morarjee Inst11

8/7/2019 Presentation 4th Aug 2009 - Narottam Morarjee Inst11

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LINER SHIPPING..

Basics & Concepts


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MODULE 1

INTRODUCTION


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1.1 THINK OF A BUS SERVICE

Route No. 100

BUS

TAXI


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1.1.1 So the relevant points are:-

i Specific Route.

ii Specific Stoppage.

iii Specific Interval.

iv Size.


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1.1.2 Shipping Service Route Map


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1.1.3 TRANSSHIPMENT

Salient Feature:

1. Destination served even without direct portof calls.

2. This gives rise to concept ofFeedering(short halt Liner shipping service).


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E.g. Cargo carried from Bangalore to Helsinki where thevessel does not call Bangalore & Helsinki .

CHN A BBlore TUT CMB HAM HEL

COK

A & B Transshipment Port.


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1.1.4 DEFINATION OF LINER

SHIPPING

A SHIPPING SERVICE IN A SPECIFICROUTE WITH THE SPECIFIC PORT OFCALLS AT A SPECIFIC FREQUENCY.


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EXAMPLES

i LINE SCI (www.shipindia.com)ROUTE : INDIA-UK-INDIAPORTS OF CALL : JNPT- MUNDRA

SALALAH PORTSAID -BARCELONA - HAMBURG-

ROTTERDAM FELIXTOWE - JNPT

ii LINE - NYKROUTE : INDIA-FAREAST-INDIA

PORTOF CALL : GTI PIPAVAV COLOMBO SINGAPORE HONGKONG PUSAN SHANGHAI NINGBO


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MODULE 2

TYPES OF LINER SERVICES


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2.1.1 BREAK BULK.

(a) Conventional.

(b) Barge (Lighter Abroad Ship-LASH).

2.1.2 CONTAINER /CELLUR VESSEL.

2.1.3 COMBINATION (COMBI)/RO-RO.

2 SERVICES


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2.1.1 BREAK BULK

Salient Features:

1. Packages as delivered is loaded into the ship thereis no change of packaging by the vessel operatoror any other handling agents.

2. Packages are discharged as it was loaded &

delivered to the consignee in the same way.Few important nomenclatures in commercialoperation of Break Bulk vessels are:-A.Stowage B. Compatibility C. Grain & Bailcapacity D. Freight Ton.

STORAGELOCATION PORT SHIP


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Special Type of Break Bulk Vessels:1. Heavy Lift Carrier Cater to special project

cargoes. These types of vessels are meant to carryawkward/heavy cargo. Of course the nos. are not

very many & not easily available. IT is restrictedto a specific route as the cargo flow demands.

2. Reefer Vessels There are some routes where theregular movement of reefer cargo (basically food

stuff) & this kind of vessels are used for suchmovements & full ship is a reefer chamber like anyother break bulk cargo ship.


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1. The packages are put inside (Stuffing) an

equipment called container (details insubsequent slides) & the container is loadedon board.

2. The container is discharged & the cargo istaken out from the containers (De-stuffing)for delivery to the importer/Consignee.

STORAGELOCATION

CONTAINERYARD STUFFING PORT SHIP

2.1.2 CONTAINER /CELLUR VESSEL


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ADVANTAGE OF CONTANARIZATION

VIS-A-VIS BREAKBULK FASTER CARGO CONSOLIDATION BEYOND

POSSIBILITY OF AVERAGE BREAKBULK

CARGO

PERU

NIT. REDUCES PORT STAY OF THE VESSELS &

THUS FACILITATES QUICKER TURNAROUNDOF VESSELS.

GREATER PROTECTION OFFRAGILE &EASILY CONTAMINATED CARGO. REDUCES PILFERAGE. REDUCTION IN PACKAGING COST.


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2.1.3 COMBINATION (COMBI)/RO-RO

When a vessel can facilitate loading bothcontainer & Break Bulk cargo, the same canbe termed as combination carrier. While it

was quite prevalent during early 80s it ispossible that no such carrier is availablegenerally but limited to specific requirementin particular trade route. In short this kindof vessels are limited as of now. Thetechnology used in RO/RO is different fromconventional Break Bulk vessels.


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MODULE 3

EQU

IPM

ENT - CO

NTAINER


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3.1.1 TYPES OF CONTAINERS

1. OWNERSHIP WISE

1.1 SOC SHIPPERS OWNED CONTAINER

1.2 COC CARRIEROWNED CONTAINER


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2. CATEGORY WISE

2.1 GENERAL PURPOSE (GP) e.g. TEU, FEU&HQ (only 40)

2.2 REEFER (RF) e.g 20, 40, HQ.

2.3 TANK e.g 20, 40.

2.4 SPECIALS FLAT RACK(FR), FLATS, OPENTOP


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3. SIZE WISE

3.1 TWENTY EQUIVALENTUNIT (TEU) OUTERDIMENTION

l 20 FEETW 8.5FEET

H 8.5FEETNOTE: HIGH CUBE(HQ) CONTAINERS AREALSO AVAILABLE WHERE LENGTH & WIDTHREMAINS SAME BUT THE HEIGHT IS 9 FEET.

3.2 FOURTY EQUIVALENTUNIT (FEU) OUTERDIMENTIONl 40 FEETW 8.5FEET

H 8.5F

EET


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3.1.2 DIFFERENT STATUS OF

CONTAINERS FCL/FCL :Stuffed by Shipper & in its own premises /consignee destuff at its own premises.

FCL/LCL: Stuffed by Shipper & in its own premises

destuffed by carrier.

LCL/LCL: Stuffed by carrier /destuffed by carrier.

LCL/FCL: stuffed by carrier & destuffed in consigneepremises.


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MODULE 4

SERVICE PROVIDERS


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MODULE 5

STEVEDORS / TERMINALHANDLING CHARGES


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5. Loading-Un loading (Stevedoring)/Terminal Handling charges (THC)

5.1 The Service providers who load/discharge cargo are calledstevedores. These stevedores are equipped to handle alltypes of cargoes both for discharge & loading .Normally, the cost of the loading/discharging of break

bulk cargo is based on the weight. However the terms maydiffer in case of awkward cargo (long length / heavylifts).Further, the freight rates of Break Bulk cargo is normallyinclusive of loading & discharging charges unless

specified in the beginning. Informatively when the cargois loaded on FIO (Free in & Free Out) basis it meansdischarging & loading are in addition to freight agreedupon.Similarly many other terms like FILO,LIFO, HOOK to

HOO

K etc are also in vogue.


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5.2 In container shipping, the vessel operator recovers

the discharging, loading expenses etc through aservice charge termed as Terminal handling charge(THC). Over the years the terminal handlingcharges have undergone sea changes and as of now

following expenses (may not be exhaustive) areincluded in the recoverable THC:-

1. Delivery of empty container & receiving ladencontainer at the Terminal, & all clerical work &

reporting associated with delivery & receiving.2. Inspection & reporting condition of container &

completion of Interchange receipt.

3. Inspection & reporting of seals & wiring including

removal of invalid labels & resealing as appropriate.


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4. Movement of container on/from chassis,

barge or rail.5. Internal Transport of container on/from

chassis, barge or rail car.

6. Handling container out off/into/out offstack.7. Reporting of chassis, barge & railcar

activities in/out of the Terminal.

8. Storage of full container within the timelimits defined in the conference Tariff.

9. Take Laden box out of stack.


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10. Internal Transport of container from stacking

area to ships side under hook.11. Move of container from ships side under hook to

ships rail.12. Move of container from ships rail into ships cell

(including ships hold orDeck).13. Lashing of container.14. Opening & closing of hatch covers including

unsecuring & securing, & movement of hatch-

covers from bay to bay or to quayside & V.V.15. Wharfage charges & quay dues etc. where related

to cargo.


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16. Physical & clerical Terminal planning plus

reporting of container activities into vessel,including damage reporting & inspection of seals,wiring & labels.

17. Overtime or public holiday extra working costs.

18. Pre-trip container inspection.19. Connecting of container cables, clip-on unitsand/or generating sets.

20. Electric power supply liquid nitrogen etc.

21. Monitoring of Temperatures.22. Administration including reporting of defective

units & reporting equipment into/out of Terminal.


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23. Temperature controlled container costs in excess of

GP items.24. For Loading over height or other Non-Standard

containers involving the use of special spreaders

or equipment.25. Additional physical & administrative costsassociated with the handling of dangerous goods(IMO) at terminals.


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MODULE 6

PROCESS FLOW


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6.1 PLACE OFORIGIN TO PORT

CARGO LOADEDFROMFACTORY

RAIL HEAD

RAIL HEAD

BROUGHT TOPORTFORLOADING


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6.2 AT A GLANCE - EXPORTMOVEMENT

CARGOTO BE

SHIPPEDFACTORYSTUFFEDCARGO

ISSUANCEOF

SHIPPEDON BOARD

B/L

DEPARTUREOF VESSLE

TRANSPORTATION OFCARGO / CONT R TOPORT PREMISES

ISSUANCE OFRECEIVEDFOR

SHIPMENT B/L WITH

INTEND

ED

MO

THERVESSEL

VESSELARRIVAL

SHIPPING

LINE

FREIGHTFORWARDER

LOADINGOF CARGO

FILINGOFEGM

DOCUMENTATION FORDISPORT STARTS

STUFFINGOF

CARGO

CHA


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6.3 AT A GLANCE - IMPORTMO

VEM

ENTARRIVALOFVESSLE ATDISCHARGE

PORT

DISCHARGEOF CARGO

FILINGOF IGM

CONTAINERSMOVED TO

TERMINAL YARD

RETURN OFEMPTY

CONTAINERSAS DESIRED

CONT TAKEN TOFACTORY FORDESTUFFING

DELIVERYDOC.

COMMENCED

DESTUFFING ATPORT PREMISE


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6.4 DISCHARGE PORT TOD

ESTINATIO

NCARGODISCHARGED AT

DISPORT

RAIL HEAD

RAIL HEAD

DELIVERY ATFINAL

DESTINATION


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MODULE 7

DOCUMENTATION


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7.1 BILLS OF LADING

Issuance of Bills of Lading givesBirth to an obligation at a price.

IMotherOf All Documents.

ICannot possibly fulfill the obligationwithout appropriate documentation.


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To your shipper Motivation for next visit.To your principal Good balance sheet figures.

- Processing of claims (ifany) without much

agony.To yourDest. Port

Brothers/sisters

Less consumption ofman (woman) power.To your consignee Delivery with a feeling of

home coming.

7.2 Appropriate documentation leads

I


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DOCUMENTATION(FROM THEISSUING AGENTS)

FULL SETOFFREIGHTMANIFEST COVERING ALLDESTINATIONS

PRINCIPAL

DESTINATIONPORT AGENTS

THIRD PORTAGENTS (IFAPPLICABLE)

FREIGHTMANIFEST

FREIGHTMANIFESTONLY.

7.3 Flow ofDocumentation


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MODULE 8

MULTI-MODEL


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8.1 WHAT IS MULTIMODEL ?

ORIGINLOCATION

DISPORT

RAILHEAD

PORTPREMISE

LOADEDON BOARD

FINALLOCATION

RAILHEAD

PORTPREMISE

RAILHEAD


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8.2 SALIENT POINTS

1.The concept of multimodal transport coversthe door-to-door movement of goods underthe responsibility of a single transport

operator.

2. Multimodal transport implies the safe andefficient movement of goods, where theMTO (Multi model Operator ) accepts thecorresponding responsibility from door-to-door.


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SESSION OPEN FOR QUESTIONS


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POINTS TO PONDERFOR NEXTSESSION .

1. No. of Containers required for a Trade routeand bit of technical side of the equipments.

2. Stowage.

3. Multimodal Transport.- There is a world-wide need forharmonization (uniformity) of the

understanding (legal environment )formultimodal transport.

4. Joint Service Agreement.


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THANK YOU