PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

finished events connected with the present• We use the present perfect especially to say that a

finished action or event is connected with the present in some way. If we say that something hashappened, we are thinking about the past and the present at the same time.

• I can't go on holiday because I have broken my leg. (NOT I can't go on holiday because I broke my leg.)

• We have lived in this house for five years.(= and we still live there)

• Your plane has already landed.(= and it’s still on the ground)

• She has dirtied her new shoes.(= They’re still dirty)

• The teacher has written a notice on the board.(= and the notice is still there)

• You don’t need your key. I’ve opened the door. (= and it’s still open)

Present Perfect Tense

Personal experiences: It is used to express personal experiences, there is not a definite time given. The time expressions ever and never are very often used with this meaning

I have never been to Japan. Have you ever been there?

Present Perfect Tense It is used to express actions that started in the past and continue to the present, the time period is not finished. We use for and since with this meaning. We use for with periods of time and since with points of time.

I haven’t eaten since yesterday morning. I am really hungry

I haven’t drunk anything for two days. I am terribly thirsty