Prepared by - University of Floridaufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/00/00/10/62/00001/UF00001062.pdf · Hewit Wilson, and T. A. Klinefelter of the Bureau of Mines, is on file and may be

F L O R ID A 8 T A T E B OARD O F O N 8 E R VATIONGeorge Vathis,; upBrvisor

FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEYHerman Gunter, Director

INFORMATION CIRCULAR - No. 2

F LO RIDA KAO I NS AND CLAYS

Prepared by

. James L. Calveb, Associate GeologistP-- I 9 vq-/39

Florida Geological urvey

TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA

S1949

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Photographs taken by Gunter and 8tubbs in December 1910.

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FOREWORD

During the years that have elapsed since the Florida Geological Survey

published in its 15th Annual Report, 1922-1923, "A Preliminary Report on the

Clays of Florida", by Olen G. Bell, additional data have been gathered by

the Survey. These data are presented here and make available to researchers

and to industry knowledge of Florida's clays which supplement and amend the

earlier report. Part I contains factual data on the sedimentary kaolins of

the State which were abstracted from an unpublished manuscript: "Florida

Kaolins", by Mr. Frank Westendick. Mr. Westendick determined these data

while employed by the Florida Geological Survey, however, the manuscript,

dated 1941, was prepared under an agreement with the Survey in cooperation

with the United States Bureau of Mines. A revised copy of Mr. Westendick's

manuscript which incorporates the editorial suggestions made by R. W. Smith,

Hewit Wilson, and T. A. Klinefelter of the Bureau of Mines, is on file and

may be consulted in the offices of the Florida Geological Survey. Part II

of this report contains heretofore unpublished data on the common clays of

Florida and is an abstract of a manuscript written by Dr. James H. C.

Martens entitled: "The Clays of Northern Florida." A copy of the original

manuscript, dated 1929, is on file and may be consulted in the offices

of the Survey.

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CONTENTS

Part IPage

Florida Kaolins . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. 1Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ........ . . . . 1General Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 1Extent of Deposits. . . .. . . . . . . ..... ... .. . . 2Laboratory Procedure and Explanation of Test Data .. . . . ....... 3Description of Deposits by Counties

Clay County... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 3Jackson County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . .Lake County . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 4Marion County . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Pasco County . . , .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Polk County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 7Putnam County. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ... 7Santa Rosa County. ...... .. . ...... . .. . . * 9Walton County. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . .10Washington County. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . ... ........ 10

Part II

The Clays of Northern Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20

General Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 20

Description of Deposits by CountiesAlachua County

Campville . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Hawthorn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Bay CountyPanama City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * * * * * . .21

Calhoun CountyBlountstown . . . . . . . . . .. * * * * * * * * * * * . . . 21

Darling Slide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * * * 22Clay County

Green Cove Springs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Russell . & . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . * * * * * * * . 23Middleburg. . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . ......... . . . 23

Duval CountyDixton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * . 23

Escambia CountyMolino. .. .. . . . . . . . . * . . .. . . .. . 24Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. * * * * * * * * . . . . 25

Pine Barren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

McKinnonville .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . 26

Muscogee. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Yniestra. . . . .... .... . . . . . . . . . * * . ... 27

McMillan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... ... 27Flagler County

Bikes Prairie. . .. s .. . . * * * * * * * * * * ..... 28

Black Point . .... . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . 28

Haw Creek . . . . . . . * * * * * * * .. * . . . . 28

St. Johns Park. .. . . . . . . * * * * * * * 29

Gadsden CountyHavana* * . . . . . . . . . . . .* * * * * . . . 29

Quincy, . , . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30Midway. , . . . . . . . * * * . . . . .. . . . 31

River Junction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31River Junction. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .... . . 3

Page

Oulf CountyPort St. Joe . . * * * . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Wewahitchka... . . . . . . . . . . . *. . . ...... 32

Holmes CountyArgyle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Ponce de Leon. . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . . . 33

Jackson CountyCottondale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 33Marianna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Round Lake . . ... ....... .... . . . ........ . 35

Jefferson CountyWacissa. . . . * ...... * * .. * * * * * * . . . . . . 35

Leon CountyWoodville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . . . . 36

Liberty CountyAlum Bluff . ... . . . . ... .......... .. . . 36Bristol Landing. . . . . . .. ........ . . . . . ... . .... 37Estiffanulga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Nassau CountyCallahan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37Boulogne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 38Orange Bluff . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .... . . . 39Brick Yard Landing St. Mary's River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Okaloosa CountyMilligan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Putnam CountySpringside . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Woodburn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . 40Orange Mills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 40Hopkins Point. . ............ .... . ...... . . 41

St. Johns CountyHastings . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Santa Rosa CountyEast Branch Coldwater River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Allenton School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Crow Bridge, West Branch Coldwater River . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42Milton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Walton CountyPaxton . . . . . . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. 43Red Bay. . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . . .. .. . 43Argyle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 44

Washington CountyCaryville. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ....... 44Chipley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . 44Vernon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45Wausau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

ILLUSTRATIONSFigures

View of Edgar Plastic Kaolin Company's pit,Edgar, Putnam County . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . FrontispieceDistribution of Kaolin in Florida and Area Includedin the Common Clay Investigation . . ., . .. . . . .Facing page 1

Tables,1 Chemical Analyses of Florida Plastic Kaolins and Clays . . . . . . . 12

2. Physical and Ceramic Data of Florida Plastic Kaolins and Clays . . . . 153. Physical and Firing Properties of Florida Clays. . . . . . . . . . . 48

Distribution of kaolin in Florida and area included i. the com.on clay investigation

S- --- ---- -,

J .- Atlantic-C\

Gulf 1*of f

Mexico

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Approximate location of kaolin-bearing sand areas

SOutline of area inclosing the counties in which the commonS clay deposits described are situatedc,•" •,•t -- ..•ibed ar - •"2. " "' • -

1

Part I

FLORIDA KAOLINS

INTRODUCTION

Florida kaolins, because of certain superior properties, are used almost

exclusively for fine ceramic.whitewares and are incorporated in nearly all

standard whiteware bodies. The known extent of the proven kaolin deposits of

Florida is limited and a great deal of exploratory drilling and testing will

be necessary before reserves can be fully established. The data presented

here were gathered during an investigation to determine the quality of unde-

veloped kaolin outcroppings, old workings, and deposits reported from well

drillers records.

GENERAL PROPERTIES

The kaolins of Florida occur naturally mixed with large quantities of

sand and small quantities usually less than 2 percent, of mica, iron and other

opaque minerals. The kaolin content of the sands varies from 5 to 45 percent

and averages about 18 percent. The sand and mica are readily eliminated by

the usual commercial washing methods, but the color of the raw kaolin does not

yield to the generally used bleaching processes. The light cream tint of the

waohed kaolin while not acceptable to the paper trade is not objectionable in

ceramics. When fired, the kaolin has a near white tint about the same as the

best Georgia kaolins. Florida kaolin has the unique property of high plas-

ticity which is so pronounced that for years the trade has used the term

"Florida Plastic Kaolin." It has about the same degree of plasticity as the

usual English or Western Kentucky and Tennessee ball clays. In some ceramic

bodies, notably certain types of dry-pressed porcelains, complete substitution

of Florida kaolin for the kaolin-ball clay body is possible. In other bodies,

where the ware is moulded in the plastic state or cast, Florida kaolins cannot

2

be substituted for ball clay completely because of their high drying and

firing shrinkages. The ball clay content of such bodies may be decreased

decidedly by the addition of some Florida kaolin and this partial substitu-

tion results in a body that has good plasticity and shrinkage properties as

well as a desirable gain in color. There is a general trend in the ceramic

industry to employ dry press procedures rather than plastic or cast, and the

increased use of Florida kaolins seems to be assured.

EXTENT OF DEPOSITS

The known deposits of kaolin having commercial value occur in a large area

in east central Florida and in a smaller area west of the Apalachicola River in

western Florida. The central Florida deposits lie within the Lake Region and

extend in a belt up to 25 miles wide from southern Clay County to southern Polk

County, a distance of 150 miles. The eastern boundary of this belt is approx-

imately 10 miles west of the St. Johns River. Although the kaolin is not con-

tinuous throughout the area described above, the irregular outlines of indiviual

deposits are suggestive of remnants of a former continuous bed of kaolinitic

sand.

In the western part of the State, kaolin deposits occur in a narrow belt

that extends from Round Lake, Jackson County, westward to the Escambia River,

Santa Rosa County, a distance of 125 miles. Here the deposits are more

scattered and more irregular in their occurrence than those of central Florida

and there has been no commercial development.

Kaolin deposits have been reported in other sections of the State, notably

in Citrus, Hernando, Levy, Pasco, and Sumter counties, however, these deposits

are for the most part white phosphatic clay and have been mistakenly identified

as kaolin.

3

LABORATORY PROCEDURE AND EXPLANATION OF TEST DATA

Standard laboratory procedures were used in making the screen analyses

and the forming and drying tests. The slaking time tests as well as the

transverse strength determinations in both the green and fired tests, were

made on mixtures of 50 percent kaolin and 50 percent potter's flint. Standard

ceramic test procedure was followed in the determination of the firing charac-

teristics except for the method of firing. Individual firings were made to

cones 010, 05, 1, and 4 in a Caulkings Revelation No. 5 gas fired pottery kiln,

and to cones 7, 10, and 15 in a gas fired Denver Fire Clay Company muffle type

assey furnace. The Caulkins kiln was heated at the rate of 65 degrees F. an

hour for seven hours, then at the rate of 80 degrees and then 90 degrees. The

heating rate was slowed down at the finish and the final cone was allowed to

soak down. A uniform rate of 90 degrees an hour was used in heating the

Denver furnace.

Description of Deposits by Counties

CLAY COUNTY

Although the southwestern portion of Clay County lies within the proven

area of kaolin-bearing sand, new information for only one locality is avail-

able. The chemical and'physical test data on four samples collected from the

old kaolin mine at "Chalk Hole", about five miles east of Keystone Heights,

indicate the kaolin to be high grade and comparable with the best produced in

Florida. This mine is situated on the Foremost Properties, a portion of the

J. C, Penny-Owinn Corporation's holdings, in Sec. 6, T. 8 S., R. 23 E.

Descriptions of the samples from this property follow:

0-353 Grayish crude kaolin-bearing sand from boring in floor of pit.

0-3541 Grayish crude kaolin-bearing sand from boring 30 feet south of pit.

0-355 Washed kaolin obtained from ball-like masses on edge of lake.

4

0-467' rayish crude kaolin-bearing sand from boring in floor of pit.

The chemical analysis, see Table I, was made on a composite of sample 0-467;

physical test data, see Table II, are presented on all these samples.

JACKSON COUNTY

White kaolin-bearing sand is exposed in the road materials pit located

1.7 miles south of Round Lake on J. A. Seale's property, Sec. 24, T. 3 N.,

R. 12 W. Sample 0-400 is a composite sample from auger holes drilled to the

depth of 16 feet and located within 12 feet of the exposure of white kaolin

in the pit. The chemical analysis, see Table I, and data on physical prop-

erties, Table II, indicate this kaolin to be very similar to the better clays

of Putnam County.

LAKE COUNTY

In the past Lake County has been one of the principal producers of sedi-

mentary kaolin in Florida, however, since 1932 or 1933, all of the Florida

kaolin production has come from mines located in Putnam County.

Numerous deposits of kaolin-bearing sand occur throughout the entire

western half of the County but data are available for only three localities:

1. Lake County Clay Company (inactive). This pit is located 2.2 miles

east of Okahumpka and about two miles south of Lake Harris, in Sec. 13,

T, 20 S., R. 24 E. Exposed in the pit are from 12 to 30 feet of cross-bedded

kaolin-bearing quartz sands that contain flat, quartzite pebbles up to three

inches in length, and a small amount of mica. The kaolin content varies

considerably but averages about 25 percent. Data are presented on the

following samples.:

0-310 Commercially washed kaolin.

0-311 Gray white kaolin-bearing sand from top of stripped bank.

0-312 Gray kaolin-bearing sand from dredge hopper.

0-319 Red overburden sand.

0-320 Whitecirude kaolin-bearing sand from water's edge.

0-460 Kaolin-bearing sand from auger boring located near the company'"Boring # 20."

0-468 Commercially washed kaolin from drying shed rewashed in laboratory.

The chemical analyses of samples 0-319, 0-460, and 0-468, see Table I, and the

physical test data for all the samples, Table II, indicate the kaolin to be of

the same high quality as that produced in Putnam County. Although the kaolin

has a slightly inferior color, this characteristic is likely to be unnoticed

in bodies containing other clays.

2. The Florida China Clay Company (abandoned) property is situated two

miles east of Okahumpka, about 0.1 mile east of Falatlakaha Creek and south of

Florida Highway 46, in Sec. 13, T. 20 S., R. 24 E. The kaolin-bearing sand is

somewhat finer grained and contains fewer pebbles than that found on the Lake

County Clay Company's property to the East. The overburden averages less than

six feet and the white kaolin-bearing sand varies from 12 to 30 feet in

thickness.

Test data are presented on the following samples:

0-323 Crude material from the settling troughs.

0-324 Commercially washed kaolin,

0-342 White kaolinitic sand from auger boring located between mine and

plant.

0-461 White kaolinitic sand from auger boring located between mine and

plant.

0-462 White kaolinitic sand from auger boring located 100 yards northwest

of sample 0-461.

For chemical analyses of the composites of samples 0-461 and 0-462, see Table I:

for physical test data on all the samples except 0-461, see Table II.

In color, this kaolin is inferior to that found on the adjoining Lake

County Clay Company's property, nevertheless, it remains sufficiently good for

most ceramic purposes. The bonding strength is somewhat superior to, and

vitrification begins at a lower temperature than the kaolin from the adjoining

6

property. Although the kaolin was used successfully in the ceramic industry

for many years, all of the production from this mine during the last years of

its operation was purchased by the U. S. Rubber Corporation for rubber filler.

3. On the John Irwin property, situated on Florida Highway 450, 5.1 miles

west of Umatilla, in Sec. 5, T. 18 S., R. 26 E., a road materials pit exposes

kaolin-bearing sand. A chemical analysis of a washed sample from auger borings

made to the depth of 20 feet is included in Table I, sample 0-352, and physical

test data on this sample are given in Table II. These data indicate the qual-

ity of the kaolin to be equal to that found in Putnam County.

MARION COUNTY

Most of the reported occurrences of kaolin deposits in Marion County are

contained in the logs of borings made by the U. S. Army Engineers along several

proposed canal routes. These reported deposits are confined to the Lake Region

and "The Scrub", the sand hills east of the Lake Region. Incomplete data are

available on four localities.

1. On the property of M. B. Owens, located on the western edge of "The

Scrub", about 17 miles east of Ocala and just west of Long Lake in the NW( of

Sec. 14, T. 15 S., R. 24 E., tan to red kaolin-bearing sand is exposed in a

road material pit. The chemical analysis of a composite of sample 0-510 taken

from borings made in the floor of this pit is given in Table I. The kaolin is

off-color and has low strength.

2 and 3. Samples of kaolin, obtained from auger borings in two road

material pits located in the Ocala National Forest, were off-color and not

high grade. These pits are situated: (1) west of Lake Kerr in the NW4 of Sec.

20, T. 13 S., R. 25 E., and (2) about 9 miles south of Florida Highway 40 in

the SWA of Sec. 32, T. 16 S., R. 26 E.

4. The reported occurrence of white kaolin-bearing sand in the excava-

tions for the dam and power house three miles northeast of Oklawaha at Moss

7

Bluff, SW4 of Sec. 23, T. 16 S,, R. 24 E., has been confirmed. A sample from

the spoil bank yielded 25 percent kaolin when washed.

PASCO COUNTY

Deposits of kaolin-bearing sands in Pasco County have not been verified.

A test boring near the deposit reported by Bell southeast of Dade City en-

countered phosphatic clays. The chemical analysis of sample 0-438 which was

taken from an auger boring on the E. D. Hughes property about four miles south

of Dade City in the NW4 of Sec. 17, T. 25 S., R. 22 E., is given in Table I.

This dounty lies outside the area mapped as containing kaolin-bearing sands.

POLK COUNTY

Kaolin-bearing sands have been encountered in a number of wells in Polk

County. These sands extend throughout the Lake Region of the county but they

occur at depths varying from 50 to 200 feet below the surface. Because of the

thick overburden, such deposits have no commercial value and no test data are

available.

PUTNAM COUNTY

The Putnam County kaolins have been produced commercially for many years

and they serve as standards of comparison for kaolins from other sources. All

of the production comes from localities near Edgar and Crossley, however, numer-

ous occurrences of kaolin are known in the western portion of the county. The

greatest thickness of kaolin-bearing sand, 75 feet, occurs in the Edgar Dis-

trict. Here the average vertical section consists of 10 feet of soil and

yellow sand overburden, 10 feet of tan to red kaolin-bearing sand, and 20 to.45

feet of gray-white kaolin-bearing sand.

1. Bell, Olin G., "A preliminary report on the Clays of Florida."Fla. Geol. Survey 15th Annual Report, 1922-1923.

8

The Edgar Plastic Kaolin Company property covers a large acreage on both

sides of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at Edgar, in Sec. 25, T. 10 S.,

R. 23 E. Coarse, micaceous, kaolin-bearing sands that contain quartz pebbles

up to three inches in length are exposed in the pit north of the railroad.

Data are presented on the following samples:

0-325 Overburden of the Edgar Plastic Kaolin Company pit.

0-326 White crude kaolin-bearing sand.

0-327 Commercially washed and dried kaolin.

0-464 Kaolin-bearing sand from auger boring located in abandoned portion

of pit.


The high quality of this kaolin is indicated by the chemical analyses of

samples 0-325, 0-464, and 0-469, Table I, and by the physical test data for all

the above samples presented in Table II.

The United Clay Mines Corporation property consists of several hundred

acres lying north of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at Crossley Station, in

Sec. 27, T. 10 S., R. 23 E. The kaolin is recovered from a 10-foot bed of

relatively fine sand that contains little mica and very few pebbles. Three

grades are produced: (1) Putnam standard high quality clay, (2) Lakeland clay

which has a slight cream tint, and (3) Jasper, a slight salmon-colored clay.

The high quality of these clays is indicated by test data on the following

samples:

0-317 Red-stained kaolin-bearing overburden representing 18 feet.

0-318 Commercially washed and dried Lakeland brand.

0-357 Crude white kaolinitic sand from three 18-foot borings spaced in atriangle with 1000-foot sides.

0-465 Crude white kaolinitic sand from auger boring located 150 feet northof office.

0-470 Commercially washed and dried Putnam brand.

The chemical analyses of samples 0-317, 0-465, and 0-470, are given in Table I,

9

and the physical data on all the above samples in Table II.

The Foster Kaolin Company formerly produced kaolin from a pit located

about one mile south of Edgar, in Sec. 36, T. 10 S., R. 23 E. Although this

company is inactive and the pit abandoned, some data are presented to record

the high quality of kaolin found at this locality in the following samples:

0-435 White kaolin-bearing sand from a 10-foot section on the south sideof pit. A


0-463 White kaolinitic sand from auger boring on south side of pit.

The chemical analysis for sample 0-463 is included in Table I, and the physical

test data for all the samples are given in Table II.

The Eccles property located on the east side of Redwater Lake, about two

miles south of McMeekin station and two and one-half miles southwest of

Crossley, comprises 270 acres in the SE1 of Sec. 5, the SW1 of Sec. 4, and the

NW¼ of Sec. 9, T. 11 S., R. 23 E. The physical data determined on a sample

obtained from an auger boring on this undeveloped property are included in

Table II, sample 0-466. This boring encountered 14 feet of overburden and 10

feet of white kaolin-bearing sand which was sampled. The tests indicate the

kaolin to be near standard grade, however, it does have a slightly inferior

color and a little greater drying shrinkage than the commercial grades of

Putnam County kaolins.

SANTA ROSA COUNTY

White kaolin-bearing sand is exposed in the floor of a gully near the east

bank of Weaver Creek on the "Y. P. S." tract, seven miles southeast of Milton,

in Sec. 2, T. 1 S., R. 27 W. The chemical analysis, see Table I, sample 0-450,

and the physical data, Table II, indicate this kaolin to be similar to the Lake

County material.

10

WALTON COUNTY

Kaolin-bearing sands occur on the H. C.. Weller property which lies on

both sides of Florida Highway 285, about four miles south of U. S. Highway 90,

in the north half of Sec. 6, T. 2 N., R. 21 W. An auger boring located 200

yards southwest of the water tank on the west boundary line between the

Weller property and the Choctawhatchee National Forest, encountered white

kaolin-bearing sand from 12 feet below the surface to 30 feet. Although the

physical data determined on this sample, see Table II, sample 0-330, are simi-

lar to those of the Lake County kaolins, the kaolin yield of the sand is too

low to be considered for commercial development.

Two miles east of De Funiak Springs on U. S. Highway 90 white kaolinitic

sands were encountered in a well on the David R. Thompson property, Sec. 30,

T. 3 N., R. 18 W. Sample 0-413 consists of the kaolin-bearing sand recovered

from the bottom ; six feet of a 25-foot well and from an auger boring located

20 feet east of the well. Both the well and the auger boring bottomed in

kaolinitic sand. The chemical analysis of this kaolin is listed in Table I

under sample 0-413 and the physical data are given in Table II. The kaolin

has excellent color, high plasticity, low shrinkage and moderate strength. It

compares favorably with the Putnam County kaolins.

WASHINGTON COUNTY

Both Cooke-/and Vornon2 report kaolin-bearing sands at Chalk Bluff, 4.5

miles north of Vernon in Sec. 7, T. 3 N., R. 14 W. Here two beds of cream-

white clay, one, three feet in thickness, the other, four feet in thickness

1. Cooke, C. Wythe, "Geology of Florida".Fla. Geol. Survey Bulletin No. 29, 1945.

2. Vernon, Robert 0., "Geology of Holmes and Washington counties, Florida".Fla. Geol. Survey Bulletin 21, 1942.

11

are exposed, These clays are of the stoneware type. Data are presented on the

following samples:

0-399 Cream-white clay from lower (4-foot) bed exposed at base of outcrop.

0-418 Auger sample representing top 2½ feet of lower (4-foot) bed.

0-522 Auger sample representing upper (3-fo6t) clay bed.

Chemical analysis of samples 0-399 and 0-522 are given in Table I, and physical

data determined for samples 0-399 and 0-I18 are included in Table II.

1 ..

4• °'

12Table 1. Chemical Analyses of Florida Plastic Kaolins and Clays

(Downs Schaaf analyst)

County CLAY JACKSON LAKE

Fore- Seale Florida China Irvin

Locality most Prop- Lake County Clay Clay Corpora- Prop-

_Prop,' erty Companv tion _ erty

Crude Crude Over- Crude Lake Crude Crude CrudeMaterial White White burden White Brand White White White

Sample 0-467 0-400 0-319 0-460 0-468 0-461 0-462 0-352__ne^-- ----- -------- -- -- ---

Si0 2 46.10 47.82 42.50 46.31 46.22 46.81 45.19 46.83

A120 3 37.81 36.08 36.56 37.63 37.11 31.65 37.61 37.43

Fe203 0.49 0.65 2.90 0.41 0.35 0.11 0.29 0.10FeO 0.21 0.22 0.11 0.23 0.22 0.07 0,28 0.21

MgO 0.08 0.09 0.27 0.08 0.10 0.68. 0.11 0.12CaO 0.35 0.35 0.77 0.34 0,59 1.28 0.50 0.38Na20 trace 0.01 trace trace trace trace trace trace

K20 0.16 0.29 0.07 0.11 0.14 0.29 0.08 0.15

H20 - 0.98 1.01 1.83 1.08 1.50 5.81 1.53 1.10

H20 + 13.25 12.55 13.50 13.11 12.92 11.01 13.20 13.01

C02 0.37 0.38 0.40 0.34 0.41 0.56 0.36 0.38

Ti02 0.23 0.64 0.77 0.47 0.36 0.74 0.70 0.22

ZrO2 trace trace trace trace trace trace trace trace

P205 0.08 0.11 0.35 0.14 0.28 1.10 0.32 0,11

SO3 0.01 0.05 0.18 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.07S (FeS2 ) trace trace trace trace trace trace trace trace

Cr203 none none none none none none none none

V203 none none none none none none none none

HnO 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01

BaU none none none none none none none none

C(organic) 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.03 0.01 0.08

TOTAL 100.20 100.28 100.29 100.29 100.30 100.19 100.24 100.20

Trace indicates quantities less than 0.005 percent.

13

MARION PASCO PU T N AM.

Owene Hughes FosterProp- Prop- Edgar Plastic-Kaolin United Clay.Mines Kaolinerty erty ompany Corp6ration MineCrude hosphati Over- Crude E.P.K. Over- Crude : Putnam Crude

White Clay burden White Brand burden White Brand White

0-510 0-438 0-325 0-464 0-469 0-317 0-465 0-470 0-463

46.44 21,42 44.99 47.70 45.8.1 43.34-.. 47,21 .46.04 46.8037.04 29.10 37.21 36.88 36.50 37.40. 37.55 .37.98 37.19

0.14 4.44 0.34 0.21 0.40 0.95, 0.11 0.09 0.500.14 0.04 0.22, 0.24 0.22 .0.05.. 0.22 0.20 0.21

0.08 0.06 0.09 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.09.

0.57 5.25 0.60 0,36 0.81 0.60 . 0.32 0.36 0.360.01 0.79 trace trace trace trace trace .trace trace

0.05 0.40 0.07 0.15 0.22 0.07 . 0.08 0.20 0.10

2.00 1.68 2.30 0..93 2.20 2.54 0.98 , 1.41 1.1112.66 14.80 12.90 12.80 12.75 13.77 13.10 13.17 13.03

0,53 0.68 0.50 0.38 0.39 0.38 0.33 0.38 0.37 -

0.32 1.05 0.55 0.41 0.43 0.65 . 0.18 0.15 0.35

trace trace trace trace 0.015 trace trace trace trace

0.07 20.10 0.18. 0.11 0.38 0.18 0.09 0.08 0.15

0.03 0.04 0.05 0,01 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.02

0.01 trace trace trace trace trace trace trace trace

none none none none none none none none nonenone none none none none none none none none

0.02 0,01 0.02 0,01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01none. none none none none none none none none

0.01 0.01 0.02 0,,2 0.08 0.01 . 0 0 0.05 0.01

100.12 99.87 100,04 100,32 100.315 100.05 100.31 100.24 100.30

14Table 1. continued

County SANTA WALTON WASHINGTONROSA

Locality Y.P.S. Thompson Chalk HillTract Propertyi Cfde Crude Lover Upper y

Material White White Clay Clayample

Number 0-450 0-413 0-399 0-522

Si02 45.95 47.50 44.84 .44.01A12 3 37.55 37.49 37.56 38.10e 3 0.28 O.?0 0.88 . 0.57

F 0.14. 0.?2 0.25 .0.25

Mg0 0.04. 0.Q8 0.10 . 0.14CaO 0.48 0.35 0.36 0.48NaO 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04K2 0.07 0.10 0.28 . 0.22

H 0 - 1.81 0.93 1.23 . 1.HoO 13.01 12.97 13.07 .13.40CO 0.34 0.35 0.37 .0.43Ti~O 0.25 0.25 1.07 .1.20

ZrO2 trace trace trace traceP205 0.11 0.12 0.15 0.15S30 0.14 0.01 0.04 0.033 (FeS2 ) trace trace trace trace

Cr2C none none none noneV2 none none none none

Mn0.01 0.01 Q.01 0.02BaO none none none none

C(organic) 0,01 0.0.1 0.01 0.01

TOTAL 100.20 100.30 100,23 100.16

Trace indicates quantities less than 0.005 percent.

15Table 2. Physical and Ceramic Data of Florida Plastic Kaolins and Clays

(Frank Westendick analyst)

County CLAY JACKSON

SealeLocality Foremost Property Prop-

ertyCrude Crude Washed Crude Crude Washed

Material White White Kaolin White White KaolinSample Number 0-353 0-354 0-355 0-467 0-400 0-310Screen analysis

+35 mesh 27.0 53.0 0 24.6 14.8 0

-35 * 100 55.4 32.6 0 60.6 58.3 0-100 + 200 4.4 2.0 3.9 2.2 7.8 0.41% Mica 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.5 0% Kaolin 13.1 11.9 96.0 12.1 18.6 99.6

Forming and dryingWater of plasticity 41.8 37.8 45.4 43.8 43.3 46,4ShrinkageVolume 21.4 18.3 22.4 21.0 17.3 21.0Linear (CPlc.) 7.7 6.5 8.1 7.6 6.1 7.5Linear (Meas.) 7.0 5.7 c 06 6.9 5.7 6.7

Washed color white white wne white white white

Slaking time (Min.) 3.0 4.0 6.0 4.5 16 8.5Transverse strength 245 290 310 296 290 305

Firing behaviorignition lossCone 010 (950°C) 13.9 14.2 15.1 14.7 13.0 13.6

Cone 05 (1050°C) 13.9 14.3 15.0 14.5 13.3 13.7Total shrinkageVolumeCone 010 (950*C) 30.9 29.2 31.7 30.4 25.1 29.6

Cone 05 (1050°C) 31.3 29.2 32.5 32.3 26.3 37.9Cone 1 (1150*C) 31.3 30.4 39.3 38.1 26.8 38.7

Cone 7 (1270°C) 44.4 39.9 47.1 47.4 42,0 54.7Cone 10 (1330*C) 50.6 47.7 53.2 53.9 43.9 56.8

Cone 15 (1433*C) 57.2 54.7 57.5 55.0 55.6 60.5Linear (Calc.)

Cone 010 11.6 10.9 11.9 11.4 9.2 11.0Cuno 05 11.4 10.9 12.3 12.2 9.6 14.6C nd 1 11.8 11.2 15.3 14.7 9.8 15.0Cone 7 17. 15,6 19.1 19.3 16.6 23.2

Cone 10 21.0 19.5 22.4 22.9 18.0 24.3

Cone 15 24.6 23.2 24.8 23.3 23,6 26.4

AbsorotionCone 010 28.5 30.2 32.3 31.8 34.7 32.1

Cone 05 28.1 28.7 31.0 30.6 34.1 26.6

Cone 1 27.3 28.0 19.1 23.1 33.8 26.3

Cone 7 18.5 23.3 15.9 16.2 20.0 10.2

Cone 10 12.4 17.2 9.2 10.2 16,4 8.1

Cone 15 5.0 5.2 6.7 7.7 5.4 1.0Apoarent porosity

Cone 010 47.3 47.0 47.6 47.1 48.9 46,2Cone 05 46.6 46.9 47.2 46.6 48.7 43.0Cone 1 43.1 43.6 38.1 39.9 48.9 43.0Cone 7 34.8 39.5 31.2 31.4 36.2 22.7Cone 10 26.2 34.7 21.0 21.9 31.3 .19.0Cone 15 13.4 12.7 15.6 17.6 12.9 4,.,

Color lightCone 010 white white cream white wite ahCone 05 white white white white white whiteCone 1 white white white white white whiCone 7 white white white white white wCone 10 white white white white

Cone 15 white white cra m w whiteTransverse strength

Cone 010 210 370 240 250 260 1Cone 05 - - - 2Cone 1 425 490 400 440 400 4Cone 7 1980 2480 2100 2140 2160Cone 10 2710 3020 2690 2860 2830Cone 15 2980 3210 3140 3290 2950 .

Stel hard at cone 3 3 2 2ZRIMLtrio ConM Eo±v 33+ 33. 331 -- 3+ ^

16

LAKE

Lake County Clay Company Florida China Clay Corporation

Crude -Gray Over- Crude Crude Lake Crude Washed Crude Crude.White Crude burden .White White Brand White Kaolin White White0-311 0-312 0319 0-320 0-460 -468 0-3 0-32 0-342 0-462 '

18;7 27.5 - 9.6 11.2 20.9 -7.8 - 11.8 15.647.6 41.4 63.0 40.0 47.6 - 30.6 - 51.3 38.47.3 2.3 2.1 4.4 6.5 - 20.8 1.1 12.3 17.60.99 0.30 0.01 0.20 2.0 - 0.1 - 0.7 2.526.3 28.5 25.3 44.4 22.9 - 40.7 98.9 23.7 25.8

38.8 37.9 38.0 37.5 45.6 43.4 45.1' 41.4 45.0 43.0

16.6 ' 18.5 17.0 18.7 19.4 23.2 18.5 20.6 18.9 22.95.9 6.6 6.2 6.7 6.9 8.4 6.6 7.2 -6.8 8.25.0 6.0 5.5 6.0 6.0 7.7 6.0 6.7 6.0 7.3

white white red white white white white fhe - white7 8 '27 14 9.1 - 12 14 - 10.9

310 235 320 270 255 - 310 380 310 355

14.6 14.3 13.1 13.6 14.5 - 14.2 15.1 15.1 15.514.4 14.5 13.5 13.9 14.3 - 14.3 15.4 15.0 15.9

26.8 24.7 30.0 24.3 27.4 28..-8 29.0 30.9 30.9 31.427.2 26.3 30.6 28.8 29.2 34.2 33.7 32.5 36.2 33.444.0 26.8 '31.2 28.8 31.7 33.7 44.0 34.6 41.3 46.145.7 34.2 51.9 51.9 50.4 44.4 46.9 58.4 49.8 56.049.8 46.9 57.0 52.6 52.3 53.5 55.5 59.7 54.7 58.656.4 54.3 - 57.2 57.8 62.1 56.5 59.7 60.5 60.8

9.8 9.0 11.2 -'88 10,1 10.7 10.8 11.6 11.6 11.81040 9.6 11.5 10.7 10.9 13.0 12.8 12.3 13.9 12.617.6 9.8 11.8 10.7 12,0 12,8 17.6 13.2 16.1 18.918.4 13.0 21.6 21.6 20.8 17,8 19.0 25.3 20.6 24.020.6 19.0 24.6 22,0 22.0 22.5 23.6 26.0 23.2 25.524.1 23.0 - 24.6 24.9 27.3 24.2 26.0 26.4 26.7

32.0 30.6 31.6 28.0 35.6 33.1 35.4 30.2 33.6 32.730.8 27.8 30.1 26.7 34.1 33;5 33.6 30.0 31.6 31.829.2 27.9 -22,3 25.8 32,1 29,9 29.2 22.6 13.2 19.113.2 22.6 8.9 9.4 13.3 20,3 15.5 11.8 11.6 7.1

9.1 12.9 4.1 -3.9 11.2 11.5 7.0 4.5 9.5 5.80.8 0.8 - -0.4 5.3 0.6 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.8

46.3 45.8 45.8 42.3 50.0 47.3 50.1 45.9 48.6 48.245.9 43.0 45.0 42.7 49.0 46.2 49.0 45.0 48.2 48.545.1 43.2 -39.1 41.6 48.1 45.9 45.1 38.9 28.4 33.730.1 38.7 18.0 22,2 27.3 37.0 32.1 27.7 24.0 16.011.7 27.1 5.6 6.8 24.0 30.0 16.9 11.0 21.0 14.43.2 3.4 - 1.8 12.9 2.3 7.2 5.1 9.4 9.7

white white 1ght white white m white liht white ORwhite white white white' white white pink white white

,white white mt white white white white c 1nk white whitewhite white - e white white white: white puple white whiteSwhwhte ite I e white white white white purpe white pkui"

I - p'rple cream prew3te white rgwn w ge white white - wgle am ewh4te wh - slate - slate slate slat e slate sla

purple green purp

2- 180 - 220 - - 290 270 340- 200 - - -

0 - 350 - 460 - - 1710 1650 1605S2290 2870 - - 3130 3150 3195

1*.' 3060 . 3570 - - 320 3890 3985,. c- -' . - 3510 - - 3980 4160. 4525

-- N ' •4

334:- •" ,,l :•" • "

. .

17Table 2.continued

County LAKE P U TN AMcont'dIrvin"

Locality Prop- Edgar Plastic Kaolin Companyerty

Material Crude Over- Crude Washed Crude E.P. K.SW;hd.te burden White Kaolin White Brand

S~vple 032 0-5 -325 0-26 0-327 0-464 0-469Screen analysis

*35 mesh 22.2 32.1 13.6 - 30.0 --35 +100 57.7 42.1 49.9 - . 39.5 -

-100 +200 6.2 1.-5 ,6.9 1.1 9.1 1.3% rica 0.4 0.2 .2.0 - * 1.1A Kaolin 13.5 24.1 27.6 98.9 - 20.3 98.7

Forming and drying4ater of plasticity 45.4 36.2 38.4 40.5 - 42.7 46.1ShrinktgeVolume 17.5 17..4 16.9 19.4 19.4 21.0Linear (Calc.) 6.2 6..2 .6.0 .7.0 7.0 7.5Linear (Meas.) 5.2 5.7 5.5 . 6.2 6.3 7.0Washed color white tan white white white whiteSlaking time (Min.) 5.5 12.0 7.0 9.5 6.8 11.0Transverse strength 250 210 280 250 310 320

Firing behaviorignition lossCone 010 (950"C) 13.7 15.1 14.1 14.2 -14.7 15.3Cohe 05 (1050°C) 13.9 15.3 14.4 14.6 15.0 15.6?otal shrinkage

VolumeCone 010 (950*C) 25.2 30.5 25.9 .25.5 -30.4 34.6Cone 05 (1050°C) 28.0 31.1 28.0 30.0 -31.9 35.4C6ne 1 (1150°C) 23,8 36.2 28.0 30.5 39.5 36.2Cone 7 (1270*C) 42,6 40.5 39.1 45.3 -45.2 49.4Cone 10 (13 30C) 50.5 54.3 44.4 49.4 -50.2 51.0Cone 15 (1430°C) 55.2 58.4 54.3 55.1 56.1 58.0

Linear (Calc.C no 010 9.2 11.4 9.5 9.3 11.4 13.2Cn J 05 10.4 11.7 10.4 11.2 12.0 13.5C n., 1 10.6 13.9 10,4 11.4 15.3 13.9Cone 7 17.0 15,9 15..2 18.2 18.2 20.4Cone 10 21,0 23.0 17,8 21.4 20.8 21.2Con,- 15 23.5 25.3 23.0 23.4 24.0 25.1AbuorotionCone 010 35.6 31.6 30.6 31.0 31.2 27.4Cone 05 33.0 31.0 30.1 29.2 30.1 27.0Cone 1 31.1 26.0 28.3 27.6 23.7 26.2Cone 7 19.7. 18.6 18.5 1,5.4 17.5 13.7Cone 10 13.0. 6.0 14,0 13.2 13.5 11.6Cohe 15 7.6 3.2 6.4 4.2 5.5 3.2

Apparent porosityCone 010 49.2 46.1 46.6 45.3 45.8 "42.7Cone 05 47.4 46.0 46.8 45.3 45.1 ,42.6Cone 1 46.8 42.6 44.5 42.3 38.9 42.5Cone 7 37.6. 32.4 33.7 30.0 32.0 27.6Conei 10 27.8 18.9 28.1 27.6 27.7 24.1Cone 15 16.2 8.1 15.3 10.0 12.7 7.8

ColorCone 010 white "ht white white white whiteCone 05 white white white white whiteCone 1 white ,Lgt white white white whiteCone 7 white white white white white. •

Cone 10 white e white white white whiteCone 15 white white o 0 l h e

Tranaverse strengthrpCone 010 235 120 230 210 340 210 "'Cone 05 - 145 310 285 - 390 tCone 1 500 620 650 570 580 790Cone 7 - 2170 2200 2090 2460 -2130 :!Cone 10 2040 2860 2670 2590 2900 -29404. B::Cone 15 - - 3080 2940 3290 0 3260,Q'

Stele hard at cone 4 4 4 4, .1Pwr n Cne 33.. * -3 .- ill43o

PUTNM - continued

EcclesUnited Clay Mines Corporation Foster Kaolin Company Prop-

ertyOver- -Lakeland Crude Crude Putnam Crude Washed Crude Crudeburden Brand' White White Brand White Kaolin White White0-317 0-318 0357 0-465 0470 -435 0-43 6 0-463 0-406

18.5 0 16.8 12.5 0 20.9 0 24.3 12.2558 . 0 63.2 67.3. 0 53.6 0 54.7 67.41.6' 0.9 2.2 1.9 1.2 4.5 1.9 3.0 4.60.1' 0 0.2 0.6 0 0.8 0 1.1 0.6

24.0 99.1 17.6 17.8 98.8 20.2 98.1 16.8 15.2

40.5 49.0 42.9 41.3 46.8 38.2 42.6 36.8 40.0

20.2 21.1 18.7 17.6 21.4 21.0 22.2 19.2 21.07.2 7.5 6.7 6.3 7.7 6.8 8.0 6.8 7.66.5 7.0 6.2 5.7 7.2 6.2 7.2 6.2 7.0

red w e white white0 white e wie white white9 4 5.2 6 7 9.5 7.9 7.3

280 320 265 235 230 320 280 305 255

15.1 14.4 13.6 14.8 15.3 15.1 15.3 15.1 15.115.3 14.6 14,2 14.9 15.5 15.3 15.7 15.3 15.2

30.6 29.2 23.9 28.6 28.8 28.0 28.4 28.1 32.935.0 34.6 29.2 29.1 28.4 30.6 31,7 30.6 34.635.4' 34.2 30.0 31.8 29.6 33.5 32.5 33.5 43.042.0 36.6 37.4 41.7 42.8 39.5 35.8 39.6 51.453.9 49.8 41.2 45.9 43.2 51.6 53.5 51.6 53.7- 58.0 52.3 52.6 55.6 54.0 58.8 54.0 56.1

11,5 10.9. 8.7 10.6 . 10.7 10.4 10.5 10.4 12.513.4 13.2 10.9 10.8 10.5 11.4 11.9 11.5 13.213.5' 13.0 11.2 12,0 11.0 12.7 12.3 12.8 17.21.6.5 14.1 14.4 16.5 17.0 15.4 13.7 15.4 21.522.7 20.6 16.2 18.6 17.2 21.5 22.5 21,5 22.5- 25.1 21.8 22.1 23.6 22.8 25.5 22.8 24.0

33.9 33.3 35.3 32.9 32.6 27.5 30.7 28.9 28.028.8 28.4 32.8 31.2 31.4 27.3 29.5 26.9 26.328.4 28.4 32.4 30.2 30.6 27.2 29.0 24.1 19.322.9 25.1 23.0 20.5 21.6 20.2 25.9 17.3 10.18.7 15.9 19.6 16.5 19.6 8.9 9.0 7.1 7.1- 3.8 10.0 8.6 '9.0 3.6 3.0 3.9 5.5

47.1 . 46.4 49.8 47.8 46.2 42.8 47.1 44.1 44.444.1 42.8 49.4 46.9 44.3 42.8 47.5 42.7 42.442.7' 42.5' 49.4 45.6 44.4 42.2 45.6 39.9 34.738.9 39.0 39.4 36.4 38.1 36.1 42.9 31.6 21.017.9 31.2 35.7 31.3 34.8 18.7 21.1 16.1 15.4

S8.8 22.6 18.7 20.4 9.0 8.0 9.5 12.6

alm.on white. white white white white . white white welte1 white white white white white white white cream

white white white white white white whitee whi•S white white white white white white white

white.- white white white white white white prewhite white -white white - - -e

340 200- 210 260 330 290 300 -

,. 360' 230 _505 290 520:. 460 480 ..660 .46 . 570 6 - -

S630 - 178 1910 2200 500, - 2420 2585 3090-20 2760 2940, 3 1 70., 360 3200

,.'. +


County RSANTA WALT N WASHINGTONROSA

Locality P. Weller ThompCha HiTract ertv. Property

Material Crude Crude .Crde . Lower ' UpperaterialWhite White White Clay Clay

Sample0-450 0-330 0-413 0-399 0-418dcruen analysis

+35 mesh 35.1 54.9 54.0 0 0-35 +100 56.2 36.6 32.3 1.5 1,7

-100 +200 1.1 1.6 4.5 2.9 3.4% Mica - - - .% Kaolin 8.2 6.9 12.7 95.6* 94.9*

Forming and'dryingWater of plasticity 49.4 48.2 51.8 50.0 43.3ShrinkageVolume 24.7 19.4 18.3 22.6 18.3Linear (Calc.) 9.0 7.0 6.5 8.2 6.5Linear (Meas.) 8.5 6.2 6.0 7.5 6.0

Washed color white white white wgim eCmSlaking time (Min.) 8 16 14 22 2Transverse strength 190 170 190 140 120

Firing behaviorIgnition loss

Cone 010 (9500C) 14.0 14.6 13.9 13.2 13.0Cone 05 (1050°C) 14.3 14.7 14.3 13.'5 13.6

Total shrinkageVolume

Cone 010 (9501C) 30.0 29.!I 28.0 27.6 24.3Cone 05 (1050°C). 32.9 32.1 30.9 30.5 28.8

'Cone 1 (11500C) 34.2 32.5 30.9 35.4 29.6Conj 7 (1270°C) 41.2 53.1 46.5 50.6 39.9Cone 10 (13300C) 55.1 56.4 50.6 59.3 58.8Cone 15 (14300C) 57.6 60.9 60.1 62.6 58.8

L.near (Calc.)Cone 010 11.2 10.5 10.4 10.2 8.8Cone 05 12.4 12.1 11.6 11.4 10.7Cone 1' 13,0 12.3 11.6 13.5 11.0C*one 7 16.2 22.3 18.8 21.0 15.6Cone 10 23.4 24.1 21.0 25.8 25.5Cone 15 24.9 26.7 26.2 27.5 25.5.

AbsorptionCone 010 35.2 35.1 36.8 33.4 35.6Cone 05 34.4 -30.1 35.6 30.2 30.9Cone 1 33.6 .30.1 35.2 29.0 30.3Cone 7 25.5 .13.5 19.8 15.6 17.1Cone 10 12.5 8.4 15.5 5.0 7.1Cone 15 3.7 3.7 5.1 3.4 6.2

Apparent porosityCone 010 ' 50.0 48.8 49.1 45.4 50.0Cone 05 50.3 , 44.7 49.9 42.6 46.2Cone 1 50.0 44.5 49.4 41.9 45.5Cone 7 42..6 .28.0 35.4 30.8 31.6Cone 10 27.4 18.8 30.0 11.4- 18.0Cone 15 ' 10.0 .9.4 13.3 8.7 16,0'

Colot . . !Cone 010 white white flesh flesiCone 05 white white white flesh flesh:Cone 1 white white white white whiteCone 7 white white white cream cream,Cone 10 white white white ale e !

Cone 15 purple light light brown brown. ;.svee s white purple purple green green j|

Transverse strengthCone 010 210 220 210 220Cone 05 - - - - -Cone 1 340 380 320 450 -.Cone 7 1640 - - 1860 '!Cone 10 1880 1880 1640 2630 - BICone 15 - - - .*:2890 ! : ::

teel hard at cone 4 -. 4TT' .

Stonewae olay ao kaoln .

20

PART II

THE CLAYS OF NORTHERN FLORIDA

GENERAL STATEMENT

This report deals primarily with the determination of the characteristics

of common clays, in regard to their suitability for use in the manufacture of

ordinary heavy clay products, chiefly common brick, face brick, and various

kinds of tile. The area from which samples were taken is designated as North-

ern Florida and includes that portion of the State which lies north and west

of the southern limits of Dixie, Gilchrist, Alachua, Putnam and Flagler

counties.

The samples were collected in 1928 and 1929 by James H. C. Martens and

were analyzed by Dr. Martens in the clay testing laboratory then operated by

the Florida Geological Survey. Standard procedures were used in the determi-

nation of the data listed in Table 3: Physical and Firing Properties of Florida

Clays, Dr. Martens found it necessary to classify the slaking properties as:

"fast", "medium", "slow", and "very slow", rather than to use standard data

form because consistent results could not be obtained and in some cases the

clay cubes remained almost intact after more than two months immersion in water.

The clay localities reported in Dr. Martens' manuscript are here grouped

according to counties and the counties are arranged in alphabetical order. The

sample numbers used in the description of each deposit are the same as those

listed in Table 3.

Description of Deposits by Counties

ALACHUA COUNTY

Campville

Location of pit: pne-half mile north of Campville on the Seaboard AirLine Railroad at the abandoned plant of the CampvilleBrick Company.

21

Section exposed:

1. Soil, loamy sand 2 feet2. Clay, very sandy, light gray 6 feet3. Sand, fine, white 3 feet4. Clay, mottled gray and red 5 feet

Samples collected and tested:

0-216 Mottled gray and red clay representing bed 4.0-217 Clay and sand representing beds 2, 3, and 4.

Utilization: Common brick; medium refractory brick.

Hawthorn

Location of exposure: One mile north of Hawthorn and one-quarter mileeast of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad on theH. D. Fry farm.

Section exposed: Four feet of red clay in field.

Sample collected and tested:

0-218 Red clay representing the four foot bed.

Utilization: A poor grade of common brick could be made from this clay.

BAY COUNTY

Panama City

Location of pit: On the farm of Jacob Godert, eleven miles east ofPanama City and 1,000 feet north of new road toWewahitchka.

Section exposed:

1. Overburden, grayish yellow sand2. Light gray clayey sand 3 feet3. Light gray clay 2 feet


0-154 Light gray clay, bed 3.0-265 Mixture of two parts light gray clay, bed 3, with

three parts of gray clayey sand, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for face brick.

CALHOUN COUNTY

Blountstown

Location of plant and pit: Southeast edge of Blountstown, at the Holmes

22

Brothers Brick Yard.

Section exposed:

1. Soil overburden 6 inches2. Alluvial clay 4 to 9 feet


0-103 Alluvial clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Common brick; may be suitable for pottery and tile.

Darling Slide

Location of exposure: At Darling Slide on the left bank of ChipolaRiver, southwest of Blountstown.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, grayish yellow 6 feet2. Sand, clayey, orange 8 feet3. Sloping bank, no exposure 8 feet4. Clay, very sandy, yellow 4 feet5. Clay, very sandy, dark gray 4 feet6. Shell marl 20 feet


0-104 Dark gray clay, bed 5.0-105 Yellow clay, bed 4,

UTILIZATION: Useless for the manufacture of any burned clay product.

CLAY COUNTY

Green Cove Springs

Location: North edge of Green Cove Springs at the abandoned pit of theformer Clay County Steam Brick Company.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, fine, light gray sand 1 foot 3 inches2. Clay, mottled gray and brown 4 feet3. Sand, fine, clayey, mostly

reddish brown 3 feet4. Sand, fine, nearly white 2 feet

Samplse collected and tested:

0-201 Clay and clayey sand representing beds 2 and 3.0-229 Clay, bed 2.

23

Utilization: A poor quality of common brick.

Russell

Location of pit: One mile northeast of Russell Station near small branchof Black Creek at site of former Russell Brick and TileCompany.

Section exposed:

1. Top soil overburden 1 foot2. Clay, grayish yellow 6+ feet


0-202 Grayish yellow clay, bed 2.

Utilizationt Suitable for face brick, drain tile, and an excellentgrade ef common brick.

Middleburg

Location: An abandoned brick plant is located on the left bank of BlackCreek, two miles northeast of Middleburg and the abandoned pit

is about 0.3 mile north of the barge landing.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, fine, gray sand 8 inches

2. Clay, brown, sandy 2 feet3. Clay, gray and brown, very tough 5 feet


0-208 Gray and brown clay representing beds 2 and 3.

Reserves: Clay is exposed throughout sections 1 and 2, T. 5 S., R. 24 E.,on the highway from Doctors Inlet to Middleburg. The top of

the clay is about 20 feet above Black Creek and little or no

overburden is present.

Utilization: This clay is suitable for face brick, common brick, drain

tile and hollow ware.

DUVAL COUNTY

Dixton

Location of plant and pit: On the Atlantic Coast Line Railway at Dixton,near the west side of Doctors Lake. The pitof the abandoned Gamble and Stockton Companyis situated between the railroad and the Lake.

24

Section exposed:

1. Soil Thin2. Clay, brown, sandy 3 to 4 feet3. Clay, gray or blue-gray, tough 8 feet


0-205 Gray, blue-gray and brown clay representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: The Gamble and Stockton Company formerly produced face brickand common brick. The clay is also suitable for hollowblock and drain tile.

ESCAMBIA COUNTY

Molino

(1) Location of plant and pith On the Louisville and Nashville Railroad,about one mile north of Molino at the siteof the former Dolores Brick Company.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, sandy and pebbly loam 1 foot2. Clay, reddish brown, friable 3 feet3. Clay, mottled brown, yellow and

gray, tough 5 to 6 feet4. Sand 8 inches5. Clay, gray mottled with brown

tough 4+ feet


0-189 Clay, gray mottled with brown, bed 5.0-190 Clay representing average of beds 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Utilization: The Molino clay is suitable for hollow buidling tile anddrain tile as well as common and face brick.

(2) Location of plant and pit: On the Louisville and Nashville Railroadabout two miles north of Molino at siteof former Build-with-Brick Company.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, gray loam 6 inches2. Clay, sandy, yellow and red 3 feet3. Clay, gray mottled with light

brown, yellow and red 14+ feet


0-170 Clay representing beds 2 and 3

25

Utilization: The Build-with-Brick Company manufactured common brick; theclay is also suitable for face brick, hollow building tileand drain tile.

Century

Location: Road cut on U. S. Highway, adjoining the property of W. H.Wiggins and one and onu-half miles south of Century.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, orange 5 to 12 feet2. Clay, mottled gray and brown 6+ feet


0-175 Clay representing bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for common brick, face brick and drain tile.

Pine Barren

(1) Location of deposit: On the McMillan Mill Company property, 500 feet

northwest of Pine Barren Station.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, sandy loam with fewpebbles 1 foot

2. Clay, mostly yellow 3 feet

3. Cl.y, gray spotted with red 5+ feet


0-183 Gray, tough clay, bed 3.0-184 Average of 8 feet of clay, beds 3 and 5.

Reserves: In areal extent and thickness the clay beds are adequate for

commercial development.

(2) Location of deposit: On the McMillan Mill Company property, four

miles northwest of Pine Barren, clay exposed in

gully adjacent to road.

Section exposed:

1. Black muck 3 feet

2. Sand, light gray, pdbbly 4 feet3. Clay, light gray 6+ feet


0-185 Light gray clay representing bed 3.

26

Utilizationt Fired at cone 010 the clay is suitable for light coloredface brick. Above cone 3 the porosity is reduced to nearlyzero and the color becomes very dark.

(3) Location of out: Road cut 2.8 miles north of Pine Barren Creek.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, loam 1 foot2. Clay, mottled gray, red and

yellow 4 feet3. Sand, fine, clayey, orange,

streaked with gray and yellow 3 feet4. Clay, tough and plastic, mottled

brown and light gray 12+ feet


0-181 Clay and sand representing beds 2, 3, and 40-233 Tough, plastic clay representing bed 4.

Reserves: Ample - an extensive deposit.

Utilization: Either the lower clay or the mixture is suitable for drain

tile and non-vitrified structural products.

McKinnonville

Location: Clay exposed in roadside gully near base of slope on east side

of Boggy Creek, 0,8 mile west of McKinnonville.

Section exposed:

1. Sand with quartz pebbles 2 to 4+feet

2. Clay 5 feet



Utilization: The clay has excellent working qualities and burns hard at

cone 010 for good common brick. It is also suitable for

face brick.

Muscogee

Location: Various localities in the vicinity of Muscogee. Two typical

exposures are located:

(1) On the hillside south of railway crossing 2 miles east of Muscogee.

Section exposed:

1. Sand and orange clay with pebbles of sandstone 2 to 4.feet

2. .Clay, plastic, gray, pink and yellow 31 feet

3. Sand, clayey,.mottled gray, red and yellow 2 feet

4. Sand, yellow, cross-bedded, limonitic at top 3+ feet

27


0-166 Plastic clay, bed 2.

(2) In out on Frisco Railway, 3 miles east of Muscogee.

Section exposed:

1. Orange sand containing limonitic concretions 3 feet2. Laminated to thinly bedded clay and fine sand 7 feet


0-167 Clay and sand, bed 2.

Utilization: These clays would make an excellent light-colored facebrick, however, the size of the individual deposits islimited.

Yniestra:

Location of exposure: Road cut on the Scenic highway at Yniestra.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, brown, loose 4 feet2. Clay, red and gray 4 feet3. Sand, yellow, coarse 1 foot4. Sand, gray, clayey 3 feet5. Clay, gray, sandy 6 feet6. Clay, very plastic, gray and pink 3 feet7. Sand, red, clayey 4 feet


0-165 Plastic clay, bed 6.0-230 Clay and sand, a mixture of beds 2, 4, 5, and 6.

Utilization: The mixture is suitable for a good light colored face brick.The gray plastic clay probably could be used for pottery,however, the overburden is excessive at this locality formining this clay.

McMillan

Location of deposit: The old workings of abandoned brick plant extendabout 1500 feet along the east side of the Louis-ville and Nashville Railroad south of Pine BarrenStation.

Section exposed:

1. Overburden, soil 1 foot2. Clay, sandy 4 feet

28


0-186 Clay and soil representing beds 1 and 2.

Utilization: Suitable for a fair grade of common brick.

FLAGLER COUNTY

Bikes Prairie

Location of deposit: At side of drainage ditch on Bikes Prairie 2,000feet south of St. Josephs landing on East Coastcanal.

Section obtained by post hole auger:

1. Top soil, black, muckyclay 1 foot,. Clay, gray to cream, calcareous 3 feet

3. Clay, gray, contains decayedvegetation 8 inches

4, Marine shells and sand thickness not determined



Utilization: The high lime content of this clay makes it worthless forfired products.

Black Point

Location of deposit: Near Black Point, approximately 31 miles west-southwest of Bunnell in the southern portion ofSec. 17, T. 12 S., R. 30 E.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, black, mucky clay 6 inches2. Dark clay 4 feet


0-225 Dark clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for a fair quality of common brick, however, theclay contains too much water to be worked satisfactorily.

Haw Creek

Location of deposit: The clay is found in vicinity of Haw Creek, south-west of Bunnell. Two localities are given to illus-trate the general characteristics of the deposits

(1) A clay exposure in a roadside ditch, 500 feet north of Haw Creek, onemile east and 0.2 mile south of Haw Creek Church.

29

Section exposed:.

1i, Soil 8 inches2. Clay 6+ feet



Utilization: This clay contains no calcareous material and adequate re-serves are indicated for commercial development. It issuitable for common brick, hollow block and drain tile.

(2) West side of Middle Haw Creek, 7 miles southwest of DuPont. Ed Robertsabandoned brick plant.

Section exposed:

1. Gray loam 6 inches2. Sandy clay, gray with streaks

of yellow near top 5 feet3, Clay, gray, very plastic 4 feet4. Sand, fine, gray 1 foot


0-226 Sandy clay, bed 2.0-228 Clay representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: The sandy clay was dug by hand and used to make commonbrick. The mixture of plastic clay and sandy clay issuitable for face brick, hollow block and drain tile aswell as common brick.

St. Johns Park

Location of deposit: The clay occurs below a thin soil overburden in thefield opposite the post office of St. Johns Parkand one-half mile east of the boat landing,

Section exposed:

1. Fine, sandy, clay loam 1 foot2. Clay 4ifeet



Utilization: Suitable for the manufacture of common brick.

GADSDEN COUNTY

Havana

Location of pit: At abandoned Tallahassee Pressed Brick Company plant

30

a,4.jacent to Georgia, Florida and Alabama Railroad on theflood plain of the Ocklocknee River, Havana.

Section exposed: About five feet of alluvial clay overlain by six inchesof soil.

Samples collectd and tested:

0-114 Clay from abandoned pit.0-115 Clay from pit one-quarter mile west of abandoned plant.

Utilization: Formerly used to manufacture a good grade of common brick.

Quincy

(1) Location of pit: One mile north of Quincy on the property of FloridinCompany, Incorporated.

Samples collected and tested: (October, 1928)

0-153 Fuller's earth0-152 Brown clay overburden 4 feet

Utilization: The analysis of fuller's earth is included for comparativepurposes. The overburden clay is suitable for common brick.

(2) Location: In road cut on west slope of the Little River valley, fivemiles east of Quincy.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, brown, rather coarse 1 foot

2. Clay, weathered fuller's earth 2 feet3. Clayey sand 2 feet

4. Pale-greenish clay containingfine sand 3 feet


0-116 Clay and sandy clay representing beds 2, 3, and 4.

Utilization: The clay is suitable only for soft common brick.

(3) Location of deposit: Alluvial clay from valley flat of Little River,five miles east of Quincy, near Georgia, Florida

and Alabama Railroad crossing.

Section exposed in river bank:

1. Top soil, silty loam 1 foot

2. Clay, very sandy 2.5 feet3. Sand, fine with little clay 1.5 feet

4. Clay, tough, gray, with littlesand 2 feet

31


0-117 Average sample of beds 2, 3, and 4.

Utilization: Not suitable for burned products because of the excessivesand content and small quantity of uniform reserves.

Midway

Location of deposit: Midway,

Section in pit:

1. Soil and sand 2 to 4 feet2. Clay 8 feet3. Clayey sand with some marl 15 feet4. Fuller's earth 10 feet


0-150 Light gray to yellowish, very fine grained clay,representing bed 2.

Utilization: The clay has poor plasticity, dxcessive air shrinkage and atendency to crack on firing.

River Junction

Location of deposit: On flood plain of Apalachicola River, adjacent toLouisville and Nashville Railway trestle crossingApalachicola River, about one mile west of RiverJunction.

Section exposed in pit:

1. Clayey soil, dark brown 1 foot2. Clay, brown, silty 3 feet3. Clay, reddish silt 2 feet4. Sand, water-bearing Thickness unknown


0-140 Brown and reddish silty clay representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: Used by State owned brick plant to make common brick.

GULF COUNTY

Port St. Joe

Location of exposure: In roadside ditch seven miles north of Port St.Joe on Highway No. 6 and a few feet north ofthe canal crossing.

32

Section exposed:

1. Yellowish-brown, clayey sand 2.5 feet2. Clay, mottled gray and reddish,

sandy in upper part; bottom notexposed 3 feet


0-118 Mottled gray and reddish clay representing bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for manufacture of common brick.

Wewahitchka

Location of exposure: In a ditch on the roadside, 800 feet north of theLake Grove hunting and Fishing Club's club houseon their property at the south end of Dead Lake.

Section exposed:

1. Sandy loam 1.5 feet2. Alluvial clay, mottled yellow

and red 2 feet


0-120 Mottled yellow and red clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for a fairly good grade of common brick.

HOLMES COUNTY

Argyle, four miles east of

Location of deposit: About four miles east of Argyle and one-quartermile downstream from Scott's Mill in a bluff onthe left bank of Sandy Creek.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, coarse, orange 2 to 25 feet2. Sand, fine and clayey 12 f'et3. Clay, dark gray to black 3 feet4. Clay, gray, yellow and brown 3.5 feet5. Sand, mostly fine grained 21 feet


0-137 Clay, bed 3.0-138 Clay, bed 4.0-231 Sand and clay, beds 2, 3, and 4.

Utilization: The mixture with sand, sample 0-231, is satisfactory forcommon brick.

33

Ponce de Leon. 3.3 miles north of

Location of exposure: About 3.3 miles north of Ponce de Leon in aprospect pit near foot of hill.

Section exposed:

1. Red sand Minimum of 2 feet2. Clay, grayish-yellow 6 feet


0-158 Grayish clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Has higher shrinkage than desirable but may be suitable forgood common brick or face brick,

Ponce de Leon, 4 miles west of

Location of exposure: In a gully just north of milepost 737 on theLouisville and Nashville Railway.

Section exposed:

1. Sandy loam with few pebbles 1 foot

2. Fine, clayey sand, mostly red 5 feet

3. Clay, light gray and red 5 feet


0-197 Clay and clayey sand representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: The 10-foot section of clayey sand is suitable for commonbrick.

JACKSON COUNTY

Cottondale

Location of pit: Three miles south of Cottondale on the Kynesville Road

at abandoned A. J. Barbour Brick Plant.

Section exposed:

1. Overburden - top soil 1/2 foot

2. Gray clay 7 feet


0-109 Gray clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for nearly white to light cream-colored face brick

or common brick.

34

Marianna

(1) Location of pit: About .two miles south of Marianna, on property ofFlorida Industrial School for Boys,

Section exposed:

1. Sand, grayish-orange 1 foot2. Sand, clayey, mottled gray,

yellow and red 6 feet3. Clay, sandy, mottled gray,

yellow and red 5 feet4. Clay, brown, with black

spots 4 feet


0-237 Average of entire section,beds 1, 2, 3, and 4.

0-121 Brown clay, bed 4.

Utilization: The mixture is not well suited for common brick and the

lower clay, bed 4, has too high shrinkage for anyburned products.

(2) Location: Four miles northwest of Marianna on property of MariannaLimestone Products Company.

Section exposed:

Residual clay, above Ocala limestone.


0-122 Dark red (oxidized) and pale grayish-green, residualclay.

Utilization: The 'clay has too high shrinkage to be of value

35

Roud Lake

Location of exposure: Deep railway cut through hill north of Round LakeStation.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, light gray 3 feet2. Sand, mottled red, yellow

and gray 4 feet3. Sand, orange, coaroe with

quart$ pebbles 5 to 7 feet

4. Clay, pink, very plastic 6 to 7 feet5. Sand, light yellow to brown,

coarse 2 feet6. Sand, clayey, dard red to brown 1 feet7. Clay, mottled yellow and grayish-

red, sandy but plastic 2j feet8. Sand, slightly clayey 5 feet


0-123 Pink clay, bed 4.0-241 Sand and clay mixture, beds 4, 5, 6, and 7.0-242 Sand and clay mixture, beds 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

Utilization: Soft, porous common brick.

JEFFERSON COUNTY

Wacissa

Location of deposit: One and one-half miles east of WacisSa near milepost

822 on the Seaboard Air Line Railway (line abandoned)

Log of test boring:

1. Sand, light gray, fine grained 2 feet2. Clayey sand, brown, fine grained 1/2 foot

3. Clay, mottled light gray and red,containing fine sand 5 feet

4. Sand, white, fine grained 1 foot

5. Clay, crumbly, light gray 3 feet6. Water-bearing limestone Thickness unknown

Sample collected and testedt

0-263 Clay and sand, beds 2, 3, 4, and 5, representing 91feet of section,

Utilization: Rather porous common brick,

36

LEON COUNTY

Woodville

Location of pit: Clay pit for road material, eight miles south ofTallahassee and three-quarter mile north of Woodville,east side of highway.

Section exposed in auger boring:

1. Overburden, fine grain sandgrading into yellow sand atdepth 3 feet

2. Clayey sand, yellowish-brown 1 foot3. Clayey sand, mottled red and

gray 2 feet4 1 Clay, gray with spots of red,

yellow and brown, containssome sand 6 feet

5. Clay, gray and yellow l feet6. Limestone, water-bearing Thickness unknown


0-259 Clay and sand representing beds 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Utilization: Suitable for making common brick.

LIBERTY COUNTY

Alum Bluff

Location of deposit: Alum Bluff, approximately 3 miles north of Bristol.

(1) Section exposed: Seven-foot cut of brown clay resulting from theweathering of the upper part of the shell-bearingbed, north end of Alum Bluff.


0-100 Residual brown clay.

Utilization: Would make poor quality common brick.

(2) Section exposed: Sandy, silty clay above shell marl, 1/2 miledownstream from north end of bluff.


0-101 Slightly weathered gray, sandy clay.0-102 Unweathered, dark greenish-gray, sandy clay.

Utilization: No value, soft and friable when burned.

37

Bristol Landing

Location of deposit and abandoned plant: Near Bristol at Bristol Landingon the Apalachicola River.

Section exposed; The old pit and river bank exposes 5 feet of red andgray clay with one foot or less of sandy, soil overburd- .en.


0-141 Representative clay from alluvial deposit.


Estiffanulga

(1) Location of deposit: At Estiffanulga Landing on the ApalachicolaRiver, a bluff extends along the outside of alarge bend in the river for about one-half mile,

Section exposed: Near the top of this bluff is exposed from 5 to 10 feetof alluvial clay.


0-143 Representative clay from upper clay layer atEstiffanulga Bluff.

Utilization: The clay has excellent working and drying properties and issuitable for face brick, common brick, hollow block ware,drain tile and red earthenware.

(2) Location of exposure: Along roadside 2.7 miles north of EstiffanulgaLanding and 8.4 miles south of Bristol.

Section exposed: Thin soil overburden and 3 feet of alluvial clay. Thebottom of clay not exposed.


0-142 Representative sample from 3-foot exposure.

Utilization: This clay is suitable for drain tile, face brick, andcommon brick of excellent quality.

NASSAU COUNTY

Callahan

(1) Location of pit: On property of former Georgia-Carolina Brick companyplant on the Seaboard Air Line Railroad near itsintersection with the Atlantic Coast Line, Callahan.

Section exposed in pit: The deposit worked is six to twenty feet thickwith only a foot of overburden. The ground water

38

level is only two or three feet below the surfaceand it is necessary to pump water from the pit.


0-144 Clay from pit, probably more sandy than the average,

Utilization: Common and face brick and suitable for common structuralmaterials where a vitrified product is not essential.

(2) Location of exposure: In roadside ditch two miles north of Callahanon U. S. Highway No. 1.

Section exposed: One foot of sandy, soil overburden and at least fivefeet of clay.


0-145 Sample representative of clay exposed.


Boulogne

(1) Location of exposure: Highway cut at south end of the St. Marys Riverbridge on U. S. Highway No. 1, one mile east

of Boulogne.

Section exposed:

1. Sand, grayish-yellow 3 feet2. Clayey sand, yellow 1 foot

3. Clayey sand, mottledorange and gray 2 feet

4. Plastic clay, gray and red 5 feet5. Sand, clayey, to base of cut 1 foot


0-147 Plastic clay, bed 4.0-264 Mixture of equal parts of clay, bed 4, with sandy clay,

beds 2 and 3,

Utilization: Both the plastic clay and the sand-clay mixture are suitablefor common brick.

(2) Location.of deposit: On hillside of Pigeon Creek, 0.7 mile east ofU. S. Highway No. 1 bridge across St. MarysRiver and nearly two miles east of Boulogne,

Section exposed:

1., Sand, gray and yellow 2 feet

2. Clay, mottled red, gray andyellow 6 feet

3. Clayey sand, yellow, gray andred 15 feet

39



Utilization: Either common or face brick of good quality could be madefrom this clay.

Orange Bluff

Location of deposit: Adjacent to St. Marys River at Orange Bluff.

Section exposed: Clay thickness unknown, thin, sandy, soil overburden.


0-149 Clay, typical

Utilization: Well suited for common and face brick.

Brickyard Landing St. Mays River

Location of pit: Abandoned brick plant site four miles southeast of

Kings Ferry.

Section obtained by clearing off natural bank and by auger:

1. Soil, sandy loam 6 inches2. Clay, mottled gray and red 2 feet

3. Sandy clay, gray 6 feet


0-213 Clay representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: Well suited for common brick manufacture.

OKALOOSA COUNTY

Milligan

Location: Roadside bank and ditch on east side of small creek valley,

2.3 miles west of Milligan on U. S. Highway No. 90.

Section exposed:

1. Sandy soil overburden 1 foot2. Clay, upper portion brown to

reddish and crumbley; lower

portion gray mottled with redand yellow and fairly tenacious 7 feet

3. Fine clayey sand, mottled light

gray and yellow (bottom notexposed) 3 feet

40


0-193 Clay representing bed 2.0-232 Clay and clayey sand representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: Both samples indicate the material to be satisfactory forgood, red, common brick.

PUTNAM COUNTY

Springside

Location of deposit: Brick clay is exposed at a number of places in thevicinity of Springside. The sample was taken one-half mile northeast of Springside Station.

Section expos.ed: Auger boring encountered one foot soil overburden and

four feet of clay.


0-209 Brown Clay.

Utilization: Suitable for good common brick.

Woodburn

Location: In roadside ditch, 400 feet northwest of bridge over Rice Creek.

Section exposed:

1. Sandy loam overburden 1 foot2. Sandy clay, mottled gray and

yellowish-brown 5 feet


0-219 Sandy clay representing beds 1 and 2.

Utilization: Suitable for common brick.

Orange Mills

Location of clay exposure: In large drainage ditch adjacent to Highway

206, two miles northeast of Orange Mills.

Section exposed:

1. Dark gray loam overburden 1 foot

2. Clay, upper portion dark gray;lower portion light gray,spotted with yellow, irregularlystreaked with sand 51 feet

3. Fine gray sand 4 feet

41


0-221 Clay representative of bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for manufacture of good, red, common brick.

Hopkins Point

Location: Hopkins Point, about 4 miles south-southeast of Crescent City.

Section exposed by auger:

1. Overburden, dark clayey loam 6 inches2. Gray clay (lower portion contains

a few calcareous concretions) 4 feet


0-220 Clay representative of beds 1 and 2.

Utilization: With proper preparation suitable for good, red common brick.

ST. JOHNS COUNTY

Hastings

LocAtion of exposure: In roadside ditch on State Highway No. 207, 500feet west of bridge over Deep Creek and 1.4 miles

east of Hastings Station.

Section exposed:

1. Gray loamy, sand overburden 1 to 1l feet

2. Clay, mottled gray and brown 4 feet



Utilization: Suitable for good grade of common brick.

SANTA ROSA COUNTY

East Branch Coldwater River

Location of exposure: In section 8, township 4 north, range 27 west, on

right bank of East Branch of Coldwater River.

Section exposed:

1. Overburden, sand and finegravel 10 feet

2. Clay,, light gray and yellow 3 feet

3. Clay, gray, with pyriteconcretions 3 feet

42

i• Clay, light red 41 feet

Samples collected.and tested:

0-106 Light gray clay, bed 2.0-107 Gray clay, bed 3.0-108 Light red clay, bed 4.

Utilization: All suitable for good face brick or common brick eitheralone or mixed with other clays.

Allenton School

Location of pit: Twelve miles north of Milton and a few hundred feet westof Highway No. 87 at site of temporary brick plant oper-ated in 1922 by G. H. Murphy, Glendale.

Section exposed:

1. Sand overburden 1 to 2 feet2. Brown sandy clay 2 feet3. Gray clay (bottom not exposed) 4 feet



Utilization: Common brick.

Crow Bridge, West Branch Coldwater River

Location of exposure: In bluff and roadside gully on right bank of WestBranch Coldwater River a short distance downstreamfrom Crow Bridge on Highway No. 87, approximately11.5 miles north of Milton.

Section exposed:

1. Sand overburden minimum thickness 3 feet2. Gray clay, tough and laminated 8 feet3. Limonitic sandstone 1 inch4. Ocherous clay 8 to 12 inches



Utilization: Suitable for common or face brick, hollow block or drain

tile.

Milton

(1) Location of deposit: On Kehoe farm, 24 miles northeast of Milton,200 feet west of west bank of river.

43

Section expdsed:.

1. Dark gray loam soil overburden 1 foot2.' Brown silty clay 2 feet


0-139 Brown alluvial clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for common and face brick.

(2) Location: Abandoned brick yard site near residence of C. T. Brown,on west bank of Blackwater River, five miles northeast ofMilton.

Section exposed:

1. Soil overburden, grayish-yellow loam 1 foot 3 inches

2. Clay 3 feet3. Clayey sand, gray and brown 2 feet


0-160 Clay, bed 2.

Utilization: Suitable for excellent light colored face brick.

WALTON COUNTY

Paxton

Location of deposit: One-quarter mile south of the railroad at Paxton.

Section exposed in gullied ditch:

1. Overburden, grayish-yellow sand 1 foot

2. Coarse orange sand 2 feet3. Silty clay, gray, red and orange 7 feet


0-195 Silty clay, bed 3.

Utilization: Suitable for light colored face brick or common brick.

Red Bay

Location of bed sampled: At a spring one mile east of Red Bay post office

Section exposed: Measured section not taken because overburden is tooheavy for commercial exploitation of clay.


44O-3-•36 ; Dar.urwecathered. clay representing first two feet

above top of fossiliferous shell marl.


Arggle

Location: In road cut four miles southeast of Argyle on the road toKnox Hill.

Section exposed:

1. Soil overburden 8 inches2, Clay (bottom not reached 5 feet



Utilization: None.

WASHINGTON COUNTY

Caryville

Location of exposure: At Caryville from borrow pit along approach tobridge across Choctawhatchee River.

Section exposed:

1. Overburden, gray and yellowsand 1.5 feet

2. Alluvial clay 4 feet


0-198 Alluvial clay bed 2.


Chipley

Location of plant and pit: Two miles southwest of Chipley at brick plantof Peaden Materials Company (formerly HallBrick Yard).

Section exposed:

1. Overburden 1/2 foot

2. Gray clay 3 to 6 feet



45

Utilization- Lightfgray, plnk or cream-colored face brick, common brick,or semi-refractory brick.

Vernon

(1) Location of plant and deposit: One mile south of Vernon at site ofabandoned Vernon Brick Company,

Section exposed in pit: Not measured but the 4- to 5-foot layer of red-colored clay bed with sand above and below itwas sampled.


0-124 Red clay.

Utilization: Will make good common brick.

(2) Location of exposure: Three miles southeast of Vernon on south sideof Cravey's Mill Creek.

Section exposed: Measured section not available. Light gray claystreaked with red is probably thicker than three feet.


0-126 Very plastic light gray clay..

Utiiization: Suitable for smooth light-colored face brick.

(3) Location: Exposed in road cut three miles south of Vernon on roadto Greenhead.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, loose sand 1.5 feet2. Sandy clay, dark red 2 feet3. Clay, red and light gray 4 feet4. Clayey sand, yellow and

light gray 5+feet


0-246 A mixture of clay and sand representing beds 1,2,3, and 4.

Utilization: Suitable for face brick or common brick.

Wausau

(1) Location: Road material clay pit at Wausau, 800 feet west of

Wausau Station.

Section exposed in pit.:

1.. Sandy clay soil 6 inches

46

2. Gray clay with some red andbrown 4 feet

3. Yell6w sand 8 inches4. Light gray and pink clay 2 feet

5. Sand 3 feet


0-128 Gray clay, bed 2.0-129 Gray and pink clay, bed 40-251 Mixture of four parts 0-128; two parts 0-129

and four parts sand, bed 5.

Utilization: Either clay or the mixture make attractive light-colored,face brick.

(2) Location: Roadside gully 2.7 miles west of Wausau on the Vernon

road.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, coarse orange sand 6 inches

2. Clayey sand, reddish orange 6 feet

3. Micaceous clay, light gray 9 feet

4. Sand ?


0-248 Light gray clay, bed 3.0-249 Clay and sand representing beds 2 and 3.

Utilization: Both have poor plasticity but are probably suitable for

common brick.

(3) Location: Two miles southwest of Wausau Station on the road to Lynn

Haven. Section exposed in roadside ditch about half way

up hillside.

Section exposed:

1. Soil, sandy clay 6 inches

2. Clay, mostly red 2 feet 6 inches

3. Clayey sand, gray and yellow 3 feet

4. Clay, gray, laminated 3 feet 6 inches

5. Sand, gray and yellow 3+ feet


0-130 Red clay, bed 2.0-131 Gray clay, bed 4.0-254 Sand-clay, mixture of beds 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Utilization: Not suitable for clay products other than inferior

common brick.

, .-

*.. ' " J I, ' .' * .' , . . ....

(4) Location: Nine-miles northeast of Wausau on road to Chipley in. .roadside ditch on east. side of.hill.

Section exposed:' Clay is exposed in ditch for several hundred feetand red sand alternates with red clay with noapparent regularity.

Sanmple collected and tested:

0-156 Represents three-foot thickness of red clay withonly a few inches of soil overburden.

Utilization: Suitable for red common brick.

S.

48Table 3. Physical and Firing Properties of Florida Clays

(J. H. C. Martens analyst)

County ALACHUA BAY C ALHOU

Samle Number 0-216 0-217 0-218 0-154 06265 0-103 0-104Physical PropertiesPlasticity Fair Good Fair Good Poor Excel. PoorWater of plasticity % 68 35 37 46 37 36 25Linear air shrinkage % 16.6 10.9 6.6 6.4 6.6 8.5 2.0Modulus of Rupture Cracked 270 160 210 180 290 180Slaking test Fast Fast Medium Fast Fast Fast SlowColor Grayish Light Red Very Very Light Dark

pink pink light light brown graygray gray

Firing behaviorLinear shrinkage %Cone 010 (9501C) 4.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.0 -0.5 -2.0Cone 05 (1050"C) Cracked 1.0 1.0 2.5 0.0 0.5 -0.5

Cone 03 (1090"C) Cracked 1.0 2.5 3.5 1.5 2.5 -Cone 1 (1150C) - 1.0 3.0 5.0 2.0 3.5 -Cone 3 (1190"C) Cracked 1.5 5.5 7.5 2.5 3.5 -0.5

Cone 6 (1250"C) - 1.5 5.0 7.5 4.0 5.5 -Absorotion% by weightCone 010 1.6 13.5 24.2 27.3 23.2 19.7 18.6

Cone 05 - 13.7 21.8 27.1 22.9 20.2 20.2

Cone 03 - 13.6 20.0 23.7 21.1 14.1 -Cone 1 - 13.5 19.6 18.4 18.8 12.8 -

Cone 3 - 11.3 15.1 12.3 16.1 12.2 20.4

Cone 6 - 11.7 15.4 10.6 15.7 11.0 -Porosity %Cone 010 6.7 33.5 42.3 42.3 40.0 36.9 41.6

Cone 05 - 33.6 43.0 43.8 41.0 37.3 40.9

Cone 03 - 33.5 40.2 34.8 39.5 32.8 -Cone 1 - 35.0 38.9 31.7 37.2 30.5 -Cone 3 - 30.8 32.3 27.4 35.5 29.0 -

Cone 6 - 31.2 34.1 23.3 34.6 28.7 -Color

Cone 010 Light Pink Light White White Reddish Reddish

grayish brick orange orangered red

Cone 05 Light Pink Grayish White White Reddish Reddish

grayish red orange orangered

Cone 03 Light Buff Grayish White White Reddish -brown red orange

Cone 1 - Buff Grayish White White Reddish -red orange

Cone 3 Gray Buff Grayish Light White Reddish Brickred cream orange red

Cone 6 - Cream Grayish Light White Brickred cream red

49

N CLAY DUVAL ESCAMBIA

0-105 0-201 .0-229 0-202 0-208 0-2 0-189 0-190 '0-170 0-175

Poor Fair Fair Good Excel. Good Good Good Good Good28 29 37 32 36 34 29 26 26 332.0 7.4 11.6 8.8 9.9 9.8 7.0 7.3 8.2 8.2

30 210 370 370 680. 460 340 440 550 200Slow Fast Fast Fast Fast Fast Medium Medium Slow FastYellow Grayish Grayish Grayish Brown Gray Yellow- Light Light Light

red red yellow ish brown brown browngray

-1.5 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0- 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.0- 1.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.0: 2.0 1.5 2.5

- 1.5 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 3.5- 1.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 2.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

0.0 ' 2.0 3.5 2.0 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.0 3.5 3.5

19.7 16.3 13.0 13.4 12.5 11.3 15.1 14.2 14.3 18.620.4 '14.5 13.0 10.9 8.1 6.6 14.1 12.1 11.1 18.020.5 '14.2 10.6 10.0 6.0 5.9 12.7 11.0 10.5 12.219.1 15.0 9.4 9.5 5.1 5.2 10.5 9.5 8.3 12.3

- 14.6 9.4 8.7 3.7 3.4 11.8 9.1 6.8 10.520.0 "'14.5 9.3 9.5 4.1 3.8 8.1 7.7 6.3 9.8

41.7 32.6 32.3 32.9 32.9 25.6 32.3 30.4 28.8 34.640.9 34.2 32.3 30.5 24.4 16.3 30.8 26.9 27.4 32.439.3 35.9 29.3 29.4 21.5 19.7 28.7 27.8 26.8 30.3

- 33.4 27.9 '28.4 23.8 18.8 27.7 26.8 24.1 28.1- 33.5 27.3 28.0 16.8 15.0 25.4 25.2 20.9 27.540.0 34.1 27.3 29.4 17.7 15.8 24.6 24.7 20.0 26.3

Reddish Light Grayish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddishorange brick red . orange orange orange orange orange orange orange

redReddish Light Grayish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddishorange brick red orange orange orange orange orange orange orange

redBrick Light Grayish Reddish Brick Brick Light Brick Light Brickred brick red orange red red brick red brick red

red red redBrick Brick Grayish Brick Brick Brick Light Brick Brick Brickred red red red red red brick red red red

red- Brick Grayish Brick Brick Dark Brick Brick Brick Brick

red red red red red red red red red

Brick Brick Grayish Brick Dark Dark Brick Brick Brick Brickred red red red red red red red red red


County ESCAMBIA - continued

Samle Number 0-18 0-184 0-185 0-181-- 0-3 0-176 0-166Physical PropertiesPlasticity Good Good Good Good Excel, excel. ixcel.dater of plasticity % 31 28 33 26 28 42 48Linear air shrinkage % 9.8 9.0 9.0 . 7.1 8.4 7.5 9.3Modulus of Rupture 420 '420 '580 '440 510 "200 '270Slaking test Medium Medium Fast Medium Medium Fast pastColor Light Light Yellow- Brown Light Yellow Reddish

brown brown ish brown ' 'orangegray

Firing behaviorLinear shrinkage %

Cone 010 (950°0) 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0Cone 05 (10500C) 2.0 1.0 3.0 0,0 1.5 1.0 4.5Coine 03 (1090"C) 2.0 2.0 3.5 2.0 2.0 7.0 8.0Cone 1 (11500C) 3.0 2.0 5.5 3.0 2.5 7.5 9.5'Cone 3 (1190°C) 3.0 ' 2.5 6.5 2.5 2.5 8.5 10.5'Cone 6 (1250*C) 4.5 2.0 7.0 2.0 3.5 9.5 10.5Absorption% by weightCone 010 12.6 14.4 15.4 14.5 14.1 25.9 23.0

'Cone 05 9.9 11.1 9.9 13.0 * 10.5 21.2 14.5'Cone 03 8.6 9.7 6.9 11.0 10.9 10.8 5.1'Cone 1 6.0 5.1 3.6 8.4 7.7 7.1 2.5'Cone 3 ' 5.3 7.9 0.3 6.6 5.6 5.7 0.4Cone 6 4.9 ' 6.3 0.2 7.2 5.4 2.7 0.4

Porosity'%Cone 010 26.3 30.4 29.1 29.8 28.9 41,2 39.2

'Cone 05 21.4 ' 27.8 21.5 28.7 24.2 *37.2 * 29.5'Cone 03' 23.4 ' 26.9 16.5 27.5 22.4 '23.6 ' 13.2'Cone 1 ' 18.3 23.8 8.0 24.2 20.0 15.9 7.5'Cone 3 '16.5 '23.4 1.5 23.5 15.8 13.5 2.8'Cone 6 17.8 21.9 1.3 22.5 16.7 7.0 2.3ColorCone 010 Reddish Light Buff Reddish Reddish Reddish Light

orange brick orange orange orange grayishred orange

Cone 05 Reddish Reddish Buff Reddish Reddish Reddish Light

orange orange orange orange orange grayishorange

Cone 03 Reddish Reddish Buff . Reddish Brick Light Light

orange orange orange red brick grayishred orange

Cone 1 Reddish Reddish Reddish Brick Brick Brick Grayishorange orange orange red red red orange

Cone 3 Brick Brick Dark Brick Brick Brick Brownred red grayish red red red

redCone 6 Brick Brick Dark Brick Brick Brick Gray

red red grayish red red redred :

51

FLAGLER

0-167 0--165 9-23o0 0-186 0-22 0-22 0223 0-226 0-228 0-222

Good Excel. Fair .Fair. Good Good Good Fair Good Good31 37 26 25 39 30 26 24 29 256,0 7.4 6.2 .5.4 11.1 . 9.3 6.9 6.4 8.8 6.6

140 . 200 , 210 170 380 530 660 380 420 370Fast Fast Fast Fast Fast Fast. Fast Fast Fast FastGrayish Light :Light Yellow- Gray. Dark Brown Gray Gray Brownpink grayish grayish gray gray

pink orange

0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.00.5 3.5 0.0 0.0 . 1.0 2.0 0.0 -0.5 1.0 0.02.5 6.0 0.5 -0.5 2.5 2.0 1.0 0.5 2.0 0.51.5 6.5 1.5 0.5 - 2.0 .1.0 0.5 15 0.01.5 8.0 2.5 1.0 Fugd 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.5 0.05.0 9.0 3.0 0.5 gl8 .1,5 .1.0 1.0 2.0 0.5

20.1 20.8 16.7 16.5 16.9 12.0 10.8 10.4 10.6 10.817.7 15,6 15.3 15.5 17.0 10.5 10.0 11.1 9,0 11.015.0 9.9 13.8 15.9 .7.5 10.0 9.7 10.8 10.0 10.914.4 7.2 12.7 15.3 - 7.9 10.3 11.4 7.7 10.011.8 2.7 10.2 14.8 - 8.1 .9.5 10.7 7.9 12.19,9 0.8 9.0 14.7 - 8.6 10.3 10.9 8.5 8.3

34.3 36.1 33.0 34.7 32.5 30.5 30.3 33.2 29.4 31.834.8 30.7 33.1 34.7 33.6 . 29.2 30.4 30.7 27.8 32.032.4 21.4 31.5 34.3 22.0 25.7 29.5 31.1 25.7 31.531.8 17,3 31.2 33.7 -- 24.2 29.8 31.8 25.5 31.028.3 .6.1 26.6 32.5 .- 24.6 29.6 28.7 26.6 30.726.3 3.1 24.6 33.6 - 24.9 30.0 31.2 27.0 25.8

Light Light Pink Reddish Reddish Reddish Light Light Reddish Lightgrayish grayish orange orange orange brick. brick orange brickorange pink red red redLight Light Pink ReddiLth Reddish Reddish Light Light Reddish Lightgrayish grayish orange orange orange brick brick orange brickorange pink red red redBuff Light Grayish Reddish Yellow Brick Brick Brick Brick Brick

grayish pink orange rod red red red redpink

Buff Light Grayish Reddish - Brick Brick Brick Brick Brickgrayish pink orange red red red red redpink

Buff Light Buff Reddish - Brick Brick Brick Brick Brickbrown orange red red red red red

Buff Gray Buff Light - Brick Brick Brick Brick Brickbrick red red red red redred


County GAD S D EN

Sample Number 0-114 0-115 0-153 0-152 0416 0-117- 0-150Physical PropertiesPlasticity Fair Fair Fair Fair Poor Good PoorWater of Plasticity % 32 26 127 27 35 24 54Linear air shrinkage % .8.6 .7.1 13.8 .9.0 11.2 5.9 14.3Rodulus of Rupture 270 210 370 460 270 250. 630Slaking test Slow Slow Medium Fast Fast Fast FastColor Light Brown Light Brown Grayish Yellow- Light

brown gray yellow ish graygray

Firing behaviorLinear Shrinkage %

Cone 010. (9500C). 0.5 -1.0 6.0 0.0 0;.0 0'.0 1.0Cone 05. (1050°C) 0.5 -1.0 18.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 4.0Cone 03.(1090'C.) 1.5 0.0 19.5 1.0 6'.5 -0;5 5.0Cone 1.(1150*C) 1.0 0.0 - 1.5 - 0 -0Cone 3.(1190'C) 3.0 1.5 14.5 1.0 1.0 0.5 5.5Cone 6.(1250kC) 2.0 0.5 -- 1.0 - 0.0 -Absorption% by weightCone 010 . 17.7 14.2 Cracked 12.0 14.8 13.4 11.1Cone 05. . 17.3 14.3 0.9 12.8 15.6 14.3 7.1Cone 03. . 15.5 14.5 0.9 12.5 14.4 13.7 3.9Cone 1 15.3 13.1 - 11.5 - 135 -Cone 3. 13.3 14.5 1.2 13.3 14.3 13.6 3.3Cone 6. 12.8 13.0 - 10.3 - 14.3 -

Porosity %Cone 011. 36.7 31.0 32.8 33.0 34.0 27.4qone 05. 34,8 31.9 5.5 33.5 34.3 34,2 18.7Qone 03. . 33.9 32.5 6.6 32.4 32.5 33;4 14.2Cone 1 33.2 32.1 - 31.6 - 33'4g.ne 3. 30,3 32.3 18.9 33.1 25.3 32;4 14.4Cone 6. 30.0 31.5 - 31.9 - 33.0 -

ColorCone 010 Reddish reddish Buff Brick Orange Buff Buff

orange orange red

Cone 05 Reddish Reddish Light Reddish Orange Buff Bufforange orange brcwn orange

Cone 03 Reddish Reddish Yellow- Brick Reddish Orange Bufforange orange ish red orange

grayCone 1 Reddish Reddish - Brick - Reddish

orange orange " red orange

Cone 3 Light Light Dark Dark Brick Light Buffbrick brick grayish red red brickred red yellow red

Cone 6 Light Light - Dark - Reddishbrick brick red orangered ' red

53

GULF HOLMES . JACKSON

0-140. 0-118 0-120 .0-137 0-138 0-231 0-158 0-197 0-109 0-23.7

Good Good Good Excel. Excel. Good Good Good Good Fair29 38 32 39 51 28 40 46 40 396.0 . 7;4 6;8 11.2 14.1 7.0 13.2 9.4 8.7 10.1

290 100 100 1100 820 500 720 290 290 270Slow Slow Slow Medium Fast Slow Medium Medium Fast FastBrown Brown Brown Dark Grayish Yellow- Grayish Brown Gray Brown

gray yellow ish yellowgray

-0.5 1.0 0.0 1.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 1.5 2.0 1.00.5 1.5 0.0 0.5 2.0 0.0 1.0 2.5 2.0 2.01.0 2.5 2.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 3.0 4.0 2.0 5.52.0 4.5 3.0 - - 1.0 4.5 7.5 4.9 5.51 65 6.5 3.5 3,0 6.0 2.0 5.0 7.0 9.5 7.02.5 6.0 3.0 - - 1.5 6.0 7.5 8.5 6.5

18.0 24.7 19.5 15.0 12.2 14.7 17.3 23.8 21.2 22.618.9 23.0 20.7 15.4 10.1 14.0 14.5 19.1 22.6 18.416.6 20.3 17.3 10.1 5.0 13.2 10.5 14.9 19.3 13.516.2 16.3 15.9 - - 12.7 7.6 9.8 18.3 11.816.1 13.9 15.2 9.5 2.7 11.6 6.0 8.9 7.8 12.115.6 14.0 13.1 - - 12.2 4.9 8.3 10.0 11.4

37.5 43.5 39.4 33.7 28.1 34.6 32.4 41.9 38.7 42.438.9 43.1 39.3 34.7 23.6 34.6 30.8 38.2 39.1 38.536.8 40.4 37.9 28.2 16.0 33.9 25.8 33.3 37.2 34.334.4 36.8 35.9 - - 32.6 20.5 26.2 35.0 30.836.3 33.8 36.1 27,6 9.5 30.9 19.5 25.4 21.2 31.335.9 34.3 34.5 - - 32.0 17.7 24.4 24.3 31.4

Reddish Light Light Reddish Reddish Reddish Brick Reddish White Brickorange brick brick orange orange orange red orange red

red redReddish Light Light Reddish Reddish Reddish Brick Light White Brickorange brick brick orange orange orange red red red

red redLight Light Light Reddish Reddish Reddish Brick Light White Brickbrick brick brick orange orange orange red red redred red redLight Light Light - - Brick Brick Brick White Darkbrick brick brick red red red redred red redBrick Brick Brick Brick Light Brick Brick Brick Light Darkred red red red brick red red red cream red

redBrick Brick Brick -Brick Dark Brick Light Darkred red red red red red cream red

54Tlble 3. continued

County JACKSON - continued JEFF- LEONERSON

Saple Number 0-121 0-122 0-123 -0-241 0-22 063 0-29Physical PronertiesPlaaticity Good Good Excel. Good Fair Good GoodWater of plasticity % 66 50 58 30 26 31 26Linear air shrinkage% 17.5 14.8 9.8 6.1 5.4 8.6 8.6Modulus of Rupture 560 '440 110 140 40 210 280slakang test Fast Medium Fast Medium Medium Fast FastColor ited Dark Pink Red Red Brown Brown

red

Firing behaviorLinear shrinkage %*Cone 010 (950*C) 4.0 2.0 .1.5 0.0 0,0 1.0 0.0*Cone 05 (1050C) 4.5 5.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 1.5-one 03 (1090°C) 10.0 .5.0 10.0 2.0 0.5 2.0 1.0*Cone 1 (1150C) - - 11.0 4.5 0.5 2.5 1.5*COne 3 (1190CC) 10.5 .7.0 15.0 4.5 1.0 2.5 0.5Cone 6 (12500C) -- 15.5 5.0 3.0 2.5 2.0Absorptinnby weightCnne 010 10.0 13.2 32.5 20.3 19.9' 14.9 17.1

Cone 05 10.5 10.0 32.5 19.3 18.7 14.8 13.1.Cnne 03 1.6 6.7 15.8 17.1 17.8 14.1 12.8

Cone 1 - - 11.0 12.3 17.2 14.4 11.2Cone 3 2.0 .5.9 .2.4 11.8 14.2 13.6 12.1Cmne A - - 0.9 11.3 14.0 13.8 11.8

Pmrosity ?'Cone 010 25.2 31.8 49.0 38.7 37.4 34.8. 33.6

Cone 05 23.6 23.6 49.1 31.3 37.9 35.0 33.4

Cone 03 -9.1 24.8 32.7 36.7 32.0 34.0 33.8Cnne 1 - - 26.3 33.9 35.7 34.0 31.7Cone 3 7.2 20.2 7.0 30.8 32.5 32.5 32.0

Cont 6 - - 2.3 30.7 33.1 33.3 32.5Color

C•ne 010 Red Reddish Pink Pink Pink Reddish Reddish

orange orange orange

Cone 05 .ied Reddish Pink Pink Pink Reddish Reddishorange orange orange

Cone 03 Drown brick Pink Pink Pink Brick Orangered red

Cone 1 - - Pink Grayish Pink Brick Orangered red

Cone 3 Drown Brick Choco- Grayish Grayish Brick Buff

red late red red redbrown

Cone 6 - - Choco- Grayish Grayish Brick Buff

late red red redbrown

55

LIBERTY NASSAU

0-100 0-101 0-102 -141 0-143 0-142 .0-144 0-145 0-147 0-264

Fair Fair Good Excel, Good Good Good Good Fair Fair41 26 25 42. 41 33 25 37 38 308.9 *4.0 5.1 10.3 7.6 .6.9 8.6 11.2 11.7 7.6

310 220 490 520 180 290 230 390 580 240Slow Slow V.slow Medium Medium Medium Medium Fast Medium MediumLight Dark Dark Red Light Brown Brown Brown Light Lightbrown gray gray brown brown brown

-0.0 -1.0 0.0 .0.0 1.0 .0.0 0.0 0.5 -0.5 0.0*0.5 -0.5 0. 0 10 1.0 -0.5 0.0 1.0 0.5 -0.5*3.0 .0.0 0.3 4.5 4.5 .2.5 1.0 3.5 2.0 1.5

2.5 0.5 - 3.5 .4.0 2.0 .2.0 3.0 2.5 1.5* 4.0 1.5 1.0 6.0 .6.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 2.5 2.5

2.5 1.0 - 10.5 8.0 3.5 2.5 3.0 1.5 1.5

21.2 .19.7 17.8 .18.0 25.8 .19.3 17.3 12.3 11.0 15.821.1 20.8 17.8 17.3 24.6 20.6 17.7 13.6 12.7 15.315.9 19.4 15.5 10.6 16.7 17.1 16.4 10.5 11.0 14.517.3 -19.7 - 9.9 17.0 16.9 16.7 9.5 10.3 14.815.2 -19.5 14.9 9.6 .12.2 15.7 15.0 9.5 9.3 14.015.6 20.3 - 9.1 12.6 14.4 15.7 9.6 8.6 13.9

40.7 38.1 36.9 36.6. 42.8 .37.0 37.0 31.6 31.0 34.540.6 40.6 37.3 35.5 .42.5 .39.0 - 33.1 30.2 35.136.5 40.0 35.7 29.8 35.3 ,35.6 36.4 29.3 28.4 33.937.7 38.4 - 27.2 -34.4 .36.8 36.7 28.0 27.6 32.8

'34.6 *38.3 34.5 -27.2 30.4 34.6 35.3 28.9 27.5 33.634.5 37.7 - 26.9 30.7 33.5 35.9 30.2 26.0 33.4

Reddish Reddish Reddish Light Reddish Reddish Reddish Light Light Reddishorange orange orange brick orange orange orange brick brown orange

red redReddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Light Reddish Reddishorange orange orange orange orange orange orange brick orange orange

redReddish Reddish Brick Brick Reddish Reddish Brick Ligh+. Reddish Reddishorange orange red red orange orange red brick orange orange

redReddish Reddish - Brick Reddish Reddish Brick 3rick Reddish Reddishorange orange red orange orange red red orange orange

Brick Brick Brick Brick Reddish Light Brick Brick Red Lightred red red red orange brick red red brick

red redBrick Brick - Brick Reddish Light Brick Brick Light Lightred red red orange brick red red red brick

red red


County NASSAU - continued OKALOOSA P U T

Sample Number 0 48 -148 9-4 0-1 0-193 0-232 0-20 0-219Physical PropertiesPlasticity Good Good Good Good Fair Good FairWater of plasticity % 39 32 32 36 35 30 29Linear air shrinkage % 9.3 9.3 8.6 7.'6 7.3 9.5 8.0Modulus of rupture 250 610 640 230 210 530 . 520Slaking test Medi.un Medium Fast Medium Fast Fast Fast.Color Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Grayish

yellowFiring behaviorLinear shrinkage %Cone 010 (950°C) 0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Cone 05 (1050'C) 1.5 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.'5 0.0 -0.5Cone 03 (1090°C) 3.5 1.5 2.0 4.0 2.5 1.5 0.5Cone 1 (1150"C) 3.5 2.0 2.0 4.0 3.0 1.5 0.,Cone 3 (11900C) 6.0 1.5 1.5 5.5 3.5 1.5 0.5Cone 6 (1250°C) 5.0 -0,5 3.0 5.5 3.0 1.5 1.0Abaerption % by weightCone 010 20.1 10.4 16.3 23.0 21.7 11.4 11.5Cone 05 17.1 10.2 11.1 19.5 20.4 10.6 11.8Cone 03 15.5 8.6 8.6 13.2 16.7 9.2 11.0Cnnu 1 14.4 9.4 9.2 13.3 14.3 9,4 10,8Cone 3 10.6 9.7 8.6 11.6 13.8 8.5 11.6Cone 10.1 9,1 7.9 11.6 14.2 8.4 10.8

PorosityCone 010 38.6 29.0 38.3 40.6 40.0 28.8 33.0Cone 05 39.0 29.0 31.1 38.5 41.0 28.6 31.5Cone 03 34.8 27.3 29.0 30.7 36.6 27.9 31.0Cone 1 33.8 28.2 29.0 32.0 34.6 26.9 30.8Cone 3 29.6 29.5 27.6 30.3 33.0 25.7 31.0Cone 6 29.0 28.4 26.7 29.6 33.4 26.0 30.1

ColorCone 010 Grayish Grayish Reddise Light Light Reddish Brick

red reddish orange brick brick orange red

orange red redCone 05 Grnyish Keddish ReddisY Light Light Reddish Brick

red orange orange brick brick orange red

red redCone 03 Grayish Brick Brick Brick Brick Light Brick

red red red red red brick redred

Cone 1 Grayish Brick Brick Brick Brick Light Brickred red red red red brick red

red

Cone 3 Grayish Dark Brick Brick Brick Brick Brickred red red red red red red

Cone 6 Light Dark Dark Brick Brick Brick Brickbrown red red red red red red

57

NAM ST. SANTA ROSAJOHNS

0-221 0-220 -0-210 0-106 ,0-107 0-108 0-173 0-174 0-139 0-160

Fair Good Fair Excel. Excel. Excel. Excel. Excel. Good 'Good38 32 30 39 36 37 33 34 25 3810.5 9.0 9.2 8.5 8.3 8.5 6.3 9.1 5.5 7.5

470 470 320 380 360 210 220 420 180 230Fast Fast Fast Fast Fast Fast Medium Medium Medium FastBrown Yellow- Brown Light Gray Yellow Orange Light Yelow- Light

ish cream brown gray graygray

0.5 1.0 0.0 0.5 2.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.5 0.51.0 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 -0.5 1.52.0 2.5 0.5 6.5 7.5 4.0 4.0 2.5 1.0 3.02.0 2.0 0.5 6.5 6.0 4.0 4.5 3.0 0.0 3.51.5 .1.5 1.5 9.0 7.0 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.0 5.02.5 2.5 0.5 7.5 7.5 7.0 7.5 4.5 1.0 8.0

15.4 10.9 12.0 19.2 15.6 20.8 21.3 16.7 17.6 21.313.6 9.4 11.0 16.4 16.3 19.2 20.0 15.5 18.7 19.512.2 6.8 9.1 8.6 3.8 12.4 13.6 11.2 17.2 16.311.7 7.4 10.4 6.5 7.2 6.5 11.6 10.1 17.0 14.611,1 6.9 9.9 0.5 0.9 5.6 10.0 6.7 16.7 12.111.3 7.9 10.1 0.0 0.5 6.0 6.0 5.1 15.4 8.9

34.8 28.0 33.0 33.3 33.3 35.9 37.6 31.4 34.6 36.233.4 26.1 31.0 30.0 30.3 32.6 37.5 31.0 36.1 36.534.0 23.2 31.0 19.4 10.3 26.3 29.0 25.0 35.5 31.131.1 24.4 30.0 15.2 16.8 15.2 27.4 24.1 36.0 30.231.7 23.8 28.8 1.2 3.4 13.2 24.4 21.2 35.3 26.331.3 23.9 29.4 0.0 5.5 15.2 17.3 16.1 33.9 23.4

Light Reddish Light White Buff Salmon Buff Reddish Buff Light

brick orange brick orange pinkish

red red grayLight Reddish Reddish Cream Buff Salmon Buff Reddish Buff White

brick orange orange orange

redLight Brick Light Cream Buff Salmon Buff Reddish Buff White

brick red brick orange

red redLight Brick Brick Cream Buff Salmon Buff Reddish Buff White

brick red red orange

redBrick Brick Brick Grayish Drab Brick Buff Reddish Buff Cream

red red red yellow red orange

Brick Brick Dark Grayish Light Brick Buff Buff Buff Cream

red red red yellow brown red

Table 3. continued ..

County WALTON

Sam e Numer -1 -098 0-27 0-124 0-126Physical Properties

Plasticity Good Fair Poor Fair Good Good Excel.Water of plasticity % 28 37 38 29 39 43 46Linear air shrinkage % 5.9 10.2 10.6 7.0 9.0 11.6 7.6Modulus of Rupture 90 320 230 290 320 290 70Slaking test Fast Medium Fast Medium Fast Slow FastColor Light Olive Brown Brown Gray Dark Light

pinkish red pinkishbrown gray

Firing behaviorLinear shrinkage %

Cone 010 (950*C) ' 0.0 1.0 0.5 .0.5 2.0 1.0 2.0Cone 05 (1050*C) 0.0 0.5 * 1.0 0.0 2.5 1.0 1.0Cone 03 (1090°C) 0.5 3.5 1.5 0.5 5.0 4.5 3.0Cone 1 (1150*C) 1.0 3.5 - 1.5 .7.5 5.0 4.5Cone 3 (1190°C) "1.0 4.0 2.5 1.5 .10.5 6.0 .7.0Cone 6 (12500C) 1.5 - - 1.5 10.5 10.5 7.5Absorption% by weightCone 010 19.0 18.3 -19.7 17.0 -23.0 .19.6 28.2Cone 05 '19.1 18.5 19.7 17.2 .22.9 .17.6 28.6Cone 03 18.1 13.2 17.6 -16.4 .16.0 .13.5 26.6Cone 1 17.0 12.3 - 16.0 . 12.0 10.8 24.2Cone 3 16.7 9.5 15.8 14.2 . 6.0 10.4 17.0Cone 6 16.1 - - 14.7 . 5.2 . 9.2 .. 13.3

Porosity %Cone 010 35.7 36.0 39.7 35.3 40.7 37.8 . 44.8Cone 05 36.8 36.3 39.7 35.8 40.0 35.9 44.5Cone 03 35.4 31.8 37.3 35.2 32.1 28.2 43.0Cone 1 34.6 32.3 - 33.8 27.3 27.4 : 40.7Cone 3 34.0 27.6 35.8 32.0 17.2 26.8 34.0Cone 6 31.7 - - 32.5 16.1 25.2 30.0

ColorCone 010 Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Cream Reddish Very

orange orange orange orange orange. lightpink

Cone 05 Buff Reddish Reddish Reddish Cream Reddish Veryorange orange orange orange light

pinkCone 03 Buff Brick Reddish Reddish Cream Reddish Light

red orange orange orange pinkishgray

Cone 1 Buff Brick - Light Cream Brick Lightred brick red pinkish

red grayCone 3 Buff Brick Brick Brick Cream Brick Light

red red red red pinkishgray

Cone 6 Buff - - Brick Cream Brick .LightSred red pinkishJ---- .. . .. . .. .gray

59

WASHINGTON

0-246 0-128 0-129 0-251 0-248 0-249 0-130 0-131 0-254 0-156

Good Excel. Excel. Good Poor Poor Good Fair Poor Fair36 48 56 35 35 28 38 61 36 40

9.3 7.9 9.8 6.6 11.1 8.6 9.8 18.2 9.8 10.7280 140 170 130 320 240 220 650 200 440Kedium Fast Fast Medium Fast Fast Medium Fast Fast FastOrange Light Light Light Yellow- Light Brown Grayish Orange Red

pinkish grayish grayish ish brown yellowgray pink pink gray

0.0 2.5 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 3.0 0.0 0.51.5 3.5 1.0 - 0.5 0.0 1.0 3.5 - 1.03.5 5.0 5.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 3.5 5.5 1.0 2.04.0 6. 6.5 - 1.5 2.0 4.0 - 1.5 3.54.5 11.0 8.5 5.5 2.5 2.0 4.5 6.0 1.5 4.55.0 11.5 12.0 - 2.5 2.0 4.5 - 1.5 3.5

17.1 26.9 25.0 22.2 13.5 15.7 19.0 8.5 17.1 17.019.8 26.6 26.6 - 12.8 17.2 21.0 10.9 - 16.2

15.0 19.3 17.2 20.8 12.4 13.4 13.8 5.1 15.9 13.612.4 16.5 13.8 - 12.6 12.8 15.6 - 15.6 11.99.1 7.9 10.0 11.5 10.9 12.1 13.8 3.5 15.1 10.5

11.1 4.9 3.8 - 9.7 12.2 12.6 - 13.7 9.7

39.6 43.5 42.1 40.0 31.1 34.8 38.4 22.3 35.9 35.038.5 41.6 43.0 - 29.6 33.5 41.0 22.9 - 34.4

35.8 36.2 34.5 39.3 29.0 30.7 33.9 17.7 35.5 32.131.2 33.4 29.6 - 26.0 31.0 34.0 - 32.8 29.128.3 19.8 23.3 30.0 27.2 29.5 32.9 12.9 31.3 28.1

30.3 15.5 13.0 - 26.8 30.6 31.9 - 32.7 27.2

Reddish Light Light Light Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish Brick

orange pinkish pink pink orange orange orange orange orange red

grayReddish Light Light - Reddish Reddish Reddish Reddish - Reddish

orange pinkish pink orange orange orange orange orange

grayLight Light Light Light Light Light Light Light Brick Brick

brick pinkish pink pink brick brick brick brick red red

red gray red red red redBrick Light Light - Brick Brick Light - Brick Brick

red pinkish pink red red brick red red

gray redBrick Light Light Buff Brick Brick Brick Brick Brick Dark

red pinkish pink red red red red red red

grayBrick Light Light - Brick Dark Brick - Brick Dark

red pinkish pinkish red red red red red

gray gray

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