The connective tissues

Prepared by : Reem Aldossari

Connective tissue is the most diverse of the four tissue types with a wide variety of Functions.

The connective tissues

Functions of connective tissue:

*Protection of organs*Providing structural framework for the body*Connection of body tissues*connects epithelial tissues to the muscle tissues

The matrix consist of :

Protein fibers

White( Collagen) fibers Yellow ( Elastic ) fibers

(occur as a single and branched.)

(occur in bundles)

* The matrix may be solid (as in bone), soft (as in loose connective tissue), or liquid (as in blood) .

The fibres of areolar connective tissue:

Collagen (white) fibres :•Occur in bundles and unbranched•Elastic ( yellow) fibres :•Occur single and branched

Areolar Connective Tissue

white fiber

Yellow fibersmatrix

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Cartilage is studied as an example of skeletal connective tissue.

 

I.Cartilage

*It has 4 main functions, these are:• It forms the majority of the temporary skeleton in the mammalian embryos until it is replaced by bone.

• In adults, it supports the structure of the nasal septum, ear pinna, larynx, trachea and bronchi.

• It covers the articular surfaces of movable joints.

• It forms the epiphyseal plate.

The hyaline cartilage :

Trachea of the rabbit is studied as an example.•It is called hyaline (hyalos = gloss) because of its glossy, whitish blue appearance in the fresh state.•The matrix is semi-solid and contains very delicate collagen fibers. The refractive index of the matrix is equivalent to that of its fibers, so it appears clear.•It is the most common form of cartilage.

(Hyaline Cartilage)

1-Matrix

2 -Lacuna

3 -Chondrocytes

The vascular TissuesVascular tissues include blood and lymph tissue only.The matrix is liquid .

The blood of man :Mature red blood cells (erythrocytes )round and lacking nucleiWhite blood cells( leucocytes) larger and round nuclei

There are two types of white blood cells:1-The granulocytes:Are the cells that contain the cytoplasm where the granules and take the nucleus where several forms seem divided by the diffraction deep so is also known as polymorphonulcear

There are three types of granulocytes:1-neutrophilis2-cosinophils or a cidophils3- Basophilis

2 – Tagranulocytes or non granular leucocytes :That contain cytoplasm blisters is grainy and characterized into two types:1 - lymphocytes2 – monocytes or marcocytes

Connective tissue (vascular tissue - blood withdrawn -)

1-The granulocytes:(a-neutrophilis– cosinophils or a cidophils b-)1-2-Lymphocytes

3-red blood cells

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