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www.wjpr.net Vol 8, Issue 7, 2019.
Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1817
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF VARIOUS HERBAL HAIR
OIL FORMULATIONS
Boyapati Madhulatha* and Kotresh Yaligar
Assoc. Professor, GBN Institute of Pharmacy- Gbn Institute of Pharmacy Affiliated to
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 501301.
ABSTRACT
The objective of present study involves preparation of various herbal
hair oil formulations usingamla, Hibiscus, Bringraj, Brahmi, Henna,
Termineliabelarica, Flaxseeds, Oats, Calendula, Neem, Tridax.
Evaluating physical parameters and testing the efficacy of oil by using
rabbits. The hair oil formulations were prepared by using two different
methods paste method and cloth pouch method. The different oils
namely PF1,PF2,PF3,DMF1,DMF2,DMF3 were subjected to test of
sensitivity, specific gravity, acid value, saponification value, pH and
biological evaluation. DMF3 followed by DMF2 were found to be more
significant when compared to other formulations. The hair initiation
was started on 10th
day which is comparable to that of minoxidil (Hair
initiation 12th
day). Excellent results of hair growth were seen in
formulations prepared by cloth pouch method. They hold the promise
of potent herbal alternative for minoxidil.
KEYWORDS: Amla, Hibiscus, Bringraj, Brahmi, Henna, Termineliabelarica, Flaxseeds,
Oats, Calendula, Neem, Tridax.
1. INTRODUCTION
In India herbal medicines are the principal form of medicines. In India around 6000
manufacturers for herbal medicines are available. According to WHO around 80% people of
the world uses herbal medicines.[1]
It is common in women and men also. This caused by stress, menopause, birthcontrol,
medication, changing hormones, and the plethora of hair styling products.[2]
Alopecia is a
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 8.074
Volume 8, Issue 7, 1817-1828. Research Article ISSN 2277– 7105
*Corresponding Author
Prof. Boyapati Madhulatha
Assoc. Professor, GBN
Institute of Pharmacy- Gbn
Institute of Pharmacy
Affiliated to Jawaharlal
Nehru Technological
University, Hyderabad,
Telangana, 501301.
Article Received on
11 April 2019,
Revised on 02 May 2019,
Accepted on 22 May 2019
DOI: 10.20959/wjpr20197-15129
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Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1818
common hair problem in cosmetics and also in Primary Health Care Practice, has been
recognized for more than 2000 years. Approximately 0.2%-2% of the world population has
been affected from alopecia.[3]
As the World depending on the herbal formulations rather thancosmetic preparations for
beautifying their hair we have made attempt to solve the issues related to hair disorders and
make hair thicker and stronger by formulating a herbal preparation using plant ingredients
fresh as well as dried till date there is no evidence of attempt made to prepare such a
formulations using these plant ingredients. [Amla, Hibiscus, Bringaraj, Bramhi, Henna,
Terminalia Belerica, Flaxseeds, Oats, Calendula, Neem, Tridax, And Tulasi.].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collection of Plant Parts
Various plant material where collected that is amla, hibiscus, bringaraj, bahmi,
termineliabelarica, flaxseeds, oats, calendula, neem, tridax, tulsi from in and around
korremula region and were properly authenticated in the department of pharmacognosy., Gbn
Institute of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana.
Formulation of Herbal Hair Oil: The hair oil was prepared by two different methods.
Paste Method[4]
: All the fresh ingredients were accurately weighed and where converted into
a Paste with very little amount of water and kept overnight after this the wetted drug was
mixed in a mixture of coconut oil and castor oil and boiled with continuous stirring at
constant temperature until the water droplets in the oil stop knocking and the drug has
completely extracted in the oil was then filter through muslin cloth. Three formulations were
prepared using paste method. The quantities of the ingredients taken in different formulations
are as follows.
Table No. 1: Formulations - Paste Method.
Ingredients F1 F2 F3
Amla 75gm 50gm 25gm
Hibiscus 75gm 50gm 25gm
Bringaraj 75gm 25gm 75gm
Brahmi 50gm 25gm 75gm
Henna 25gm 75gm 50gm
TermineliaBelanica 25gm 75gm 50gm
Flax Seeds 25gm 25gm 25gm
Oats 25gm 25gm 25gm
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Calendala 25gm 25gm 25gm
Neem 10gm 10gm 10gm
Tridax 10gm 10gm 10gm
Tulsi 25gm 25gm 25gm
Castor oil 200ml 200ml 200ml
Coconut Oil 800ml 800ml 800ml
Jasmin Oil q.s q.s q.s
Csmphore q.s q.s q.s
Muslin Cloth Method[4]
All the fresh ingredients which are dried and accurately weighed and are converted intodried
powder then tied in a muslin cloth. This cloth was then hanged in a mixture of coconut oil
and castor oil with continuous boiling stirring and finally the oil was filtered. Three
formulations were prepared using muslin cloth method. The quantities of the ingredients
taken in different formulations and where as follows.
Table No. 2: Formulations - Muslin Cloth Method.
Ingredients F1 F2 F3
Amla 100gm 150gm 75gm
Hibiscus 50gm 75gm 100gm
Bringaraj 75gm 50gm 100gm
Brahmi 100gm 150gm 50gm
Henna 75gm 50gm 100gm
TermineliaBelanica 50gm 75gm 100gm
Flax Seeds 50gm 50gm 50gm
Oats 25gm 25gm 25gm
Calendala 25gm 25gm 25gm
Neem 10gm 10gm 10gm
Tridax 10gm 10gm 10gm
Tulsi 25gm 25gm 25gm
Castor oil 200ml 200ml 200ml
Coconut Oil 800ml 800ml 800ml
Jasmin Oil q.s q.s q.s
Csmphore q.s q.s q.s
Fig. 1: Ingredients-Paste method. Fig. 2: preparation by paste method.
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Fig 3: Ingredients-Cloth pouch. Fig 4: preparation by Cloth pouchmethod Method.
Physical Parameters[5, 6, 7]
Sensitivity Test: The prepared herbal hair oil was applied on 1cm skin of hand and exposed
to sunlight for 4-5 hrs.
PH
: 1ml of the oil was weighed in a test tube. 9ml of water was added. PH of the mixture was
determined with the help of pH
meter.
Specific Gravity Test: The specific gravity of the oils were calculated from the following
relationship Specific gravity at 30ᵒc =a-b /c Where, a=weight of specific gravity bottle with
oil at 300c (g); b=weight of specific gravity bottle at 30
oc (g); c=weight of specific gravity
bottle with water at 30oc (g).
ACID Value: Preparation of 0.1 Molar solution-weighed 0.56 g KOH pellets and dissolved
in 100 ml of distilled water and stirred continuously. The prepared 0.1 molar KOH solution
was filled in the burette. Preparation of sample measured 10ml oil and dissolved in 25ml of
ethanol and 25ml of ether mixture and shacked. Added 1ml phenolphthalein solution and
titrated with 0.1 Molar KOH solution
Acid value=5.16V N/W
Saponification Value
Accurately weighed 1ml of oil into a 250 ml of conical flask and 10ml of ethanol ether
mixture (2:1) Was added. To this flask 25ml of 0.5 N alcoholic KOH was kept the flask for
30 min. Add the flask was cooled. The cooled solution was titrated against 0.5 N HCL using
phenopthaleneindicators. Similarly the blank titration was performed without taking oil.
Amount of KOH in mg used was calculated
Saponification value =28.05(B-S)
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Biological Evaluation[8]
Primary Skin Irritation Test
The prepared formulations were assessed for primary skin irritation test. six healthy rats were
selected for the study. Each rat was caged individually food and water given during the test
period 24 hrs. Period to the test. The hair from the back of each rat of 1cm2
was shaved on the
side of the spine to expose sufficiently large test areas which could accommodate three testy
sites were cleaned with surgical spirit. measured quantity (1ml)(5%w/w) of the formulations
ODI,OD2 and OD3 were applied over the respective test sites on one side of the spine and
observed for erythema and edema for 48hrs after application.
Hair Growth Initiation Test
A quantitative model by Uno was used with slight modification for the study of hair growth
initiation. The rabbits were divided in 4 groups 1 rabbit each and 2 cm2
areas were shaved to
remove hairs. Eleven patches were developed on each rabbit. Rabbit of group A was treated
with amla oil of 1-10% concentation on individual patches keeping first patch as control.
Similarly rabbits of other three groups were subjected to brahmi, methiand hibiscus oils
respectively with different concentrations in same pattern. This treatment was continued for
15 days and during the course the hair growth initiation pattern was observed and reported.
Ethical Issues[9]
All the animals were handled in accordance with the internationally accepted principles and
guidelines for the care and use laboratory animals in 2010[26]
and approved by the college
ethical committee.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The formulated herbal hair oils where subjected to physical and biological evaluations.
Physical Evaluation Parameters
Appearance
Paste Method and Muslin Cloth Method
The formulations prepared by paste method PF1, PF2, PF3 were Olive green colour, Light
olive green colour and Dark green colour respectively. And muslin cloth method DMF1,
DMF2, DMF3 were Dark greenish black, Greenish black colour, Light greenish colour.
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Table No. 3: Appearance of Different Formulated Oils.
S. No Formulation Appearance
1 PF1 Olive green colour
2 PF2 Light olive green colour
3 PF3 Dark green colour
4 DMF1 Dark greenish black
5 DMF2 Greenish black colour
6 DMF3 Light greenish colour
Table No: 4 pH OF Different Formulated Oils.
S. No Formulation pH
1 PF1 6.2
2 PF2 6
3 PF3 5.9
4 DMF1 6.2
5 DMF2 6.4
6 DMF3 6.5
Table No. 5: Sensitivity Test of Different Formulated Oils.
S. No Formulation Sensitivity
1 PF1 No Irritation
2 PF2 No Irritation
3 PF3 No Irritation
4 DMF1 No Irritation
5 DMF2 No Irritation
6 DMF3 No Irritation
Table No. 6: Specific Grvity of Different Formulated Oils.
S. No Formulation Specific Gravity
1 PF1 0.193
2 PF2 0.86
3 PF3 0.96
4 DMF1 0.93
5 DMF2 0.95
6 DMF3 0.940
Table No. 7: Acid Value of Different Formulated Oils.
S. NO Formulation Acid Value
1 PF1 3.35
2 PF2 2.25
3 PF3 2.24
4 DMF1 2
5 DMF2 1.5
6 DMF3 1.5
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Table No 8: Saponification Value of Different Formulated Oils.
S. No Formulation Saponificationvalue
1 PF1 250
2 PF2 248
3 PF3 240
4 DMF1 205
5 DMF2 190
6 DMF3 195
Table No. 9: Evaluation of Hair Oil of Different Formulated Oils.
S. No. Formulation No. of
Rabbits
Time Taken to Intite
Growth (in Days )
Time Taken to Complete
Growt (in Days)
1 Control 1 18 40
2 Standard 1 10 28
3 PF1 1 14 35
4 PF2 1 13 34
5 PF3 1 13 35
6 DMF1 1 12 29
7 DMF2 1 11 28
8 DMF3 1 10 27
Fig. 5: Graphical Representation of pH, Specific Gravity, Acid Value.
Fig. 6: Graphical Representation of Saponification Value.
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Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
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The results showed that the formulations indicated no erythema or edema after skin test. This
indicates that the prepared formulations were non-irritant on skin of rabbits. The pH
was
almost near to neutral as given in the table no (4). The specific gravities of the formulations
are given in the table no (6). Acid value is an indication of rancid sate. Lower the acid value
higher the quality of oil as given in the table no (7). Saponification values are highly
significant in the making of soap. It is important that the saponification values is just right too
high and the soap might contain too much alkali even through three is sufficient soapiness
that it would react with skin whilst saponification value too small the fatty acid salts will not
be sufficient enough to remove or saponify the fat or oil and less soapiness values are given
in the table no (8).
A plethora of herbs have been employed for hair treatments. A few of these are amla,
hibiscus, bringraj, brahmi, henna, termineliabelerica flaxseeds, oats, calendula, neem, tridax,
tulsi.[10,11]
Synthetic drug, minoxidil is a potent vasodilator appears safe for term treatment.
After five years use of 2 and 3% topical minoxidil, the improvement has been shown to peak
at one year with a slow decline in regrowth over subsequent years.[12]
Long term treatment
with local side effects may be a problem with continuing used of minoxidillotion.[13]
On the
basis of market survey carried out oil. Hence the presence study was aimed to evaluate the
hair growth activity of herbal formulations which includes oil extract of all mentioned drugs
in various concentrations. In order to justify the traditional now a days multi ingredient hairs
oils reprepared And tested for their hair growth activity.
Amla is rich in vitamin C and minerals such as phosphorus, iron and calcium which provides
nutrition to hair and also causes darkening of hair.[14]
Hibiscus consists of calcium,
phosphorus, iron, vitamin B, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C, used to stimulated thicker hair
growth and prevents premature greying of hair.[15]
Brahmi contains alkaloids which enhance
protein kinase activity[16]
methi contains high protein fodderwhich supply required protein
nutrition to hair.[17]
The hair growth initiations were started on 11th
and 10th
day for DMF2,
DMF3 and were comparable to theminoxidil results given in the table no 9. Hence the hair
growth initiation was faster in the formulations DMF2, DMF3 respectively as given in the
table no 9.
Growth completion hair growths was completed on 28th
, 27th
day for DMF2 and DMF3 and
were comparable to theminoxidil results given in the table no 9. On overall basics of physical
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Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1825
parameters as well as physiological evaluation DMF3 followed by DMF2 formulations were
found more significant and were comparable that of Marketed synthetic drug minoxidil.
Control
After Shavegrowth Initiation Day -18growt Complete Day-40
Standard
After Shavegrowth Initiation Day- 10growth Complete Day-28.
PF1
After Shave Growth Initiation Day- 14 Growth Comlete Day – 35
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Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
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PF2
After Shave Growth Initiation Day -13growt Complete Day-34.
PF3
After Shave Growth Initiation Day- 13growt Complete Day-25
DMF1
Afeter Shave Growth Initiation Day-12 Growth Complete Day-29
DMF2
After Shavegrowth Initiation Day - 11growth Coplete Day-28
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Madhulatha et al. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
1827
DMF3
After Shavegrowth Initiation Day – 10 Growth Complete Day-27.
Fig. 7: Pictorial Representation of Hair Growth After Applying Different Formulated
Oils on Rabbits.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that the various herbal hair oil formulations prepared. Have
promising hair growth activity and provides guideline on the uses of herbal ingredients on the
preparation of herbal hair oil having minimal or no side effects. Thus the formulation was
superior to the marketed brands due to its non-irritancy, safety and complete absence of any
artificial ingredients. It holds the promise of potent herbal alternative for Minoxidil. Also
suggest excellent results of hair growth formula prepared by cloth pouch boiling method.
Further work needs to be carried out in order to establish the Mechanism of Action.
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4. Md. Shahinoor Rahaman Dulal, Hasib Sheikh, Mohammad Abu Taher, Mohammad
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