KANSAS

Q UADR ANGLE LOCATION

A R K A N S A S

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Roberts Field Airport

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KANSAS & OKLAHOMA RAILROAD KANSAS &OKLAHOMA

RAILROADKANSAS & OKLAHOMA RAILROAD

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Colwich

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97º37'30" 97º30'

37º45'97º37'30"

37º45'97º30'

37°52'30"37°52'30"

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PRELIMINARY SURFICIAL GEOLOGY OF THECOLWICH QUADRANGLE, SEDGWICK COUNTY , KANSAS

Geo lo gy by William C. Parcell, Garet L. Dinkel, and Meghan D. CurtisCom puter compilation and cartography by John W . Dunham and S arah F. Child

2016Funded in part by the

USGS Natio n al Co o perative Geo lo gic Mapping Pro gram

Open-File Repo rt 2016-17

APPROXIMATE MEANDECLINATION, 2016

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SEDGWICK COUNTY QUADRANGLES 1 Patterson 2 Bentley 3 Sedgwick 4 Sedgwick NE 5 Whitewater 6 Mount Hope 7 Colwich 8 Maize 9 Valley Center 10 Greenwich 11 Cheney 12 Garden Plain 13 Goddard 14 Wichita West

15 Wichita East 16 Andover 17 Cheney SE 18 Lake Afton 19 Clearwater 20 Bayneville 21 Derby 22 Rose Hill 23 Norwich 24 Conway Springs 25 Millerton 26 Zyba 27 Belle Plaine 28 Mulvane

Elevation contours are presented for general reference. Used in the U.S. Geological S urvey’s current US Topo 1:24,000-scale topographic m ap series, they were generated from hydrographically-im proved 1/3 arc-second National Elevation Dataset (NED) data, and smoothed during processing for use at 1:24,000 scale. In som e places the contours m ay be more generalized than the base data used for compilation of geologic outcrop patterns. Outcrop patterns on the m ap will typically reflect topographic variation more accurately than the associated contour lines. R epeated fluctuation of an outcrop line across a contour line should be interpreted as an indication that the m apped rock unit is m aintaining a relatively constant elevation along a generalized contour. USGS National Elevation Dataset 1/3-arc-second 15 x 15 m inute hillshade grids and 1-m 2009 U.S. Departm ent of Agriculture–Farm S ervices Agency (USDA–FSA) National Agriculture Im agery Program (NAIP) digital im agery were used as references in the digital m apping. USGS 7.5-m in 1:24,000-scale topographic m aps, USDA–Natural R esources Conservation S ervice (NR CS) W eb Soil S urvey Geographic Database (S S UR GO), and other geologic m aps and bulletins were used to supplem ent the m apping. R oads and highways are shown on the base m ap as represented by data from the Kansas Departm ent of Transportation (KDOT), U.S. Census Bureau, and other sources. U.S. Departm ent of Agriculture–Farm S ervices Agency (USDA–FSA) National Agriculture Im agery Program (NAIP) im agery also was used to check road locations. S haded relief is based on 1-m eter hydroflattened bare-earth DEMs from the City of W ichita-S edgwick County LiDAR project. The original 1-m eter DEM im ages, in ER DAS IMAGINE form at, S tate Plane Kansas-South projection, North Am erican Datum of 1983 (NAD 83), were resam pled to 3-m eter resolution, mosaicked into a single output DEM, which was reprojected to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Z one 14. The output DEM was then converted to a hillshade, a m ultidirectional shaded-relief im age using angles of illum ination from 0°, 225°, 270°, and 315° azim uths, each 45° above the horizon, with a 4x vertical ex aggeration. This geologic m ap was funded in part by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, award num ber G15AC002258 (FY 2015). This m ap was produced using the ArcGIS system developed by Esri (Environm ental S ystem s R esearch Institute, Inc.). This m ap is a prelim inary product and has had less scientific and cartographic review than the Kansas Geological S urvey’s M-series geologic m aps. KGS does not guarantee this m ap to be free from errors or inaccuracies and disclaim s any responsibility or liability for interpretations m ade from the m ap or decisions based thereon. SUGGESTED REFERENCE TO THE MAP Parcell, W . C., Dinkel, G. L., and Curtis, M. D., 2016, Prelim inary surficial geology of the Colwich quadrangle, S edgwick County, Kansas: Kansas Geological S urvey, Open-File R eport 2016-17, scale 1:24,000, unpublished.

EXPLANATION

Tran spo rtatio n

Local road

Airport runwayR ailroad

S tate highwayAF96

Bo undaries and Lo catio n s

S ection lineTownship/range line

Geo lo gic Unit Bo undariesObserved contact

Hydro lo gy and To po graphyPerennial streamInterm ittent streamW ater body

Elevation contour (10-foot interval)

Depression contour (10-foot interval)

Elevation contour (50-foot interval)1400

Depression contour (50-foot interval)1400

W ater body (m anm ade shoreline)

UNIV ER S AL TR ANS V ER S E MER CATOR PR OJECTION, Z ONE 14NOR TH AMER ICAN DATUM OF 1983

SCALE 1:24 000

1 0 10.5MILES

1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000500FEET

1 0 1 20.5 KILOMETERS1000 0 1000 2000500 METERS

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GEOLOGIC UNITS CENOZOIC

Quaternary System Pleisto cene–Ho lo cene

Active sand – Active sand deposits are reworked sedim ents derived from alluvium, loess and Paleozoic units. The sedim ents are found along long, gentle slopes and in stream beds eroding loess, alluvium and Paleozoic units (Lane and Miller, 1965). The unit is represented by fine to coarse quartz sand and fine to coarse arkosic sand containing m inor amounts of silt and clay (Albert and S tram el, 1966), as well as weathered and eroded Paleozoic silt, shale, and carbonates. Thickness of the unit ranges up to 30 feet (Lane and Miller, 1965). Alluvium — Alluvium in S edgwick County is fine to coarse sand and fine to coarse arkosic gravel containing m inor amounts of silt and clay that grades upward into clayey silt. Alluvium from the Arkansas R iver is composed of unconsolidated gravel, sand, and silt and has an estim ated thickness of 75 feet (W illiam s and Lohm an, 1949). Pleistocene-age alluvium is present to a depth of nearly 50 feet and Pleistocene to possibly Pliocene to a depth of over 180 feet total depth (Lane and Miller, 1965). Alluvium of Q uaternary age lines the floodplain of the Little Arkansas R iver with lim ited extension up sm aller creeks. In certain areas alluvium m ay form low terraces of 10-20 feet above the floodplain (Aber, 1991). Alluvium found in sm aller creeks is composed of finer sedim ents and is variable in lithology (Moore, Jewett, and O’Connor, 1951). Its source is the shales and carbonates in the Perm ian W ellington Form ation and Pleistocene loess. Lo ess — W ind-blown loess deposits in S edgwick County are tan to pink-tan calcareous silt with zones of caliche and fine sand (Bevans, 1989). The loess ranges from Pleistocene to Holocene in age. Loess covers m any of the upland surfaces in S edgwick County (W elch and Hale, 1987) and rests unconform ably on the Perm ian W ellington Form ation and stratigraphically below thick (>5ft) soils. Terraces — Terraces consist of unconsolidated sedim ents in the Arkansas R iver floodplain (Lane, 1998). Terraces are predom inately gravel, sand, clay, and silt varying in thickness and occasionally contain clay and silt lenses (Bayne and O’Connor 1968). Terraces were subdivided by Bayne (1962) as representing deposition in the Illinoisan S tage (approxim ately equivalent to m arine isotope stage [MIS ] 6) and the W isconsinan S tage (MIS 2 to 5). The older Illinoisan S tage (MIS 6) terrace deposits are primarily silt and sandy silt (Bayne and O’Connor, 1968). S and and gravel beds are also known to locally contain clay and silt lenses (Bayne and O’Connor, 1968). Loess-derived silts, largely yellowish to reddish-brown in color, are found in the upper portion of these terrace deposits. These loess-derived deposits are approx im ately 40 feet thick in S edgwick County. (Lane and Miller, 1965). Later rejuvenation of the Arkansas R iver during the W isconsinan S tage (MIS 2-5) caused the river’s incision into earlier terrace deposits. This process deposited arkosic sand and gravel and subsequently silt and clay deposits (Bayne, 1962). In south-central Kansas, this unit is derived from Paleozoic and Mesozoic deposits and can reach 55 feet in thickness (Bayne, 1962).

CITED REFERENCES Albert, C. D., and S tram el, G. J., 1966, Fluvial sedim ent in the Little Arkansas R iver Basin, Kansas: U.S. Geological S urvey, W ater-S upply Paper 1798-B, 30 p.

Aber, J. S., 1991, S urficial geology of Butler County, Kansas, final report: Kansas Geological S urvey, Open-File R eport 91-48, 31p.

Bayne, C. K., 1962, Geology and ground-water resources of Cowley County, Kansas: Kansas Geological S urvey, Bulletin 158, 219 p.

Bayne, C. K. and O'Connor, H. G., 1968, Q uaternary S ystem, p. 59-67; in Z eller, D. E., (ed.); The stratigraphic succession in Kansas: Kansas Geological S urvey, Bulletin 189, 81 p.

Bevans, H. E., 1989, W ater resources of S edgwick County, Kansas: U.S. Geological S urvey, W ater R esources Investigations R eport 88-4225, 119 p.

Lane, C. W ., and Miller, D. E., 1965, Geohydrology of S edgwick County, Kansas: Kansas Geological S urvey, Bulletin 176, 100 p.

Moore, R . C., Jewett, J. M., and O’Connor, H. G., 1951, Geology, m ineral resources, and ground-water resources of Chase County, Kansas, part 1 — R ock form ations of Chase County: Kansas Geological S urvey, V olum e 11, p 1-16. http://www.kgs.ku.edu/General/Geology/Chase/.

W elch, J. E., and Hale, J. M., 1987, Pleistocene loess in Kansas — status, present problems, and future considerations; in Q uaternary Environm ents of Kansas, W . C. Johnson, ed., Kansas Geological S urvey, Guidebook S eries 5, p. 67 -84.

W illiam s, C. C., and Lohm an, S. W ., 1949, Geology and ground-water resources of a part of south-central Kansas, with special references to the W ichita m unicipal water supply, with analyses by R obert H. Hess and others: Kansas Geological S urvey, Bulletin 79, 455 p.