Practitioner’s Diary: DRR Climate Change Adaptation and livelihood

Integration: Ninh Thuan

29 October 2008Provash MondalOxfam in Vietnam

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Sub-climate regions and their vulnerability to natural disasters

1. Northern Uplands

2. Red River Delta

North Central

South Central

Central Highlands

SoutheastMekong River Delta

Mekong River Delta

Flashflood, storm, landslide, earthquake

Storm, tropical depression, river flood, inundation

Storm, flood, flashflood

Storm, flood, flashflood, drought

Flood, flashflood

Flashflood, flood, storm, drought

Flood, landslide, saltwater intrusion, storm surge, inundation

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Climate Vulnerability ( sea level rise)

Vietnam one of the most vulnerable countries due to climate change and sea level rise

past 50 years, sea level rise increased about 20 cm

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Ninh Thuan experienced severe drought TyphoonsFlash floods and landslideForecasting: drought/climate changes in Ninh Thuan are more and more serious in the future. Sea level rise, migrationEthnic minority, poorest province, no voice

Disaster and vulnerabilities in Disaster and vulnerabilities in Ninh Thuan Ninh Thuan

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Oxfam’s Livelihoods Program since 2005

Horticulture Provide seedlings and technical training on planting hybrid

maize, cassava, bamboo for shoot, Jatropha Provide seedlings and techniques on planting home garden

vegetables utilized daily used waterAnimal husbandry Provide technical training and lending breeds of black pigs,

cow and local chicken via community revolving fundsWater management Establish water use groups and developing regulations for

maintenance Support to build up public gravity water flow system, and

irrigation canal systems

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Research 2006-2007Oxfam- Kyoto University  Climate Change Research

Historical profileClimate chance perceptionRainfall variability last 60 yearsVulnerabilities and risksImpact of droughtClimate change impact in mountainous and coastal areasShort term and long term recommendation

http://www.oxfam.org.uk/resources/policy/climate_change/downloads/ninh_thaun_research.pdf

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Impacts of drought on livelihood in mountainous region

Sectors Impacts Consequences Agriculture Maize die

Cassava die Cashew nut die

Loss of crops

Animal husbandry

Lacking grass for animals (cattle, buffalos, goats) Lacking water Animal getting sick, thinner, or die

Loss of income

Forestry Forest fire Trees die

Reducing biodiversity

Small traders Unmarketable Unprofitable Human Lack of water

Illnesses (skin rash, red eyes, diarrhoea, cold-like illnesses malaria, diarrhoea) Food shortage Can not work because of crops dying

Famine Jobless

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Sector Impacts Consequences Agriculture Crops damaged

New diseases on grape No fresh water for cultivation (Saline water inundation of field or penetration into fresh water wells) Exhausting ground water

Losing fresh water sources, abandoned/Stalinisation of arable land => Loss of crops

Aquaculture Not enough fresh water for control salinity degree of shrimp ponds Water pollution Diseases

Unprofitable Bankrupted

Animal husbandry

Lacking feed and water for livestock New diseases, lose pregnancy Loss of productive

Loss of income

Forestry Pine trees die Other sectors Can not work because of sun heat Jobless

Human Lack of water

Illnesses (cold, diarrhoea) Food shortage

Famine School drop-out

livelihood in coastal region

Current Oxfam’s activities and Plan: 2008

a) Community level HVCA by Province and use climate change lances

b) Supporting community ongoing adaptive activitiesc) Revising Livelihood activities and implementation

methodology ( short term and long term perspectived) Adding disaster risk mitigation, early warning, emergency

preparednesse) Involve multi stakeholders involving scientist, practitioners

and Govt./leadersf) Household- commune-province- national level linkageg) MEL ( Baseline survey, mid-term assessment and final

assessment

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Example: Disaster risk reduction

HVCA by Red Cross/ Oxfam staff using Red Cross and Oxfam’s tools

Providing training for communities on emergencies of disasters

Early warning system Conduct workshops on DRR to specific identify roles

and responsibilities of each parties; local authorities, communities and individuals

Conduct competition for communities on drawings of their understanding about forest protection and DRR.

Emergency Preparedness to respond frequent and sever emergencies timely and effectively to

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Examples: community level livelihoods adaptation activities

Adaptation

Review Oxfam’s ongoing activities considering multi-sectoral livelihood intervention and gender perspective

Advocacy on public health, water education and other section

Support to change crop calendar, new types of and crop reorientation

Provide training how to store and save water Support to build individual water cisterns to store water

(rain or collected water) Provide guidelines and materials to make roof of cottages

to reduce heat

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Policy and practices change in next 2- 3 years Share experiences in district

and province Replicate other provinces Support district and

Province authority to develop integrated socio-economic plan including DRR and climate change

Contribute to the National Plan ( SEDP)- Aim 4 will be working with us for changing Province and national Plan

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What is new? Livelihood activities in

two communes have baseline survey

Staff and partners were only involved implementing livelihood activities

Oxfam’s drought response project 2005

Have in-depth assessment, long terms perspective

Climate change forecasting Disaster risk reduction included Early warning mechanism Staff are thinking widely Adaptive activities wider

context, consciously doing, modeling current coping mechanism

Scientists, leaders, practitioners are involved

Linking local, national and global

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Challenges:

Changing staff and partners idea and believes

Experiences, knowledge and expertise are limited

Time: We all are busy Money (OGB and OAus) MEL Advocacy, linking,

articulation

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Many Thanks