Practical English BOOK 1 Unit 3 结构示意图教学目的教学目的教学方法教学方法教学难点教学难点教学时间教学时间点击相应内容 SVTCC· 精品课程

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Unit 3Unit 3

结构示意图教学目的

教学方法

教学难点

教学时间Self -testing Exercises

Extensive Reading

Listening

Speaking

Translation skills

Guided writing

Reading skills

Skills Development

Exercise

Summary

Language Points

Background

Text B

Exercise

Summary

Language Points

Background

Text A

Unit One

Self -testing Exercises

Extensive Reading

Listening

Speaking

Translation skills

Guided writing

Reading skills

Skills Development

Exercise

Summary

Intensive Study

Related Info.

Text B

Exercise

Summary

Intensive Study

Related Info.

Text A

Item

点击相应内容

SVTCC· 精品课程 ·Practical English

四川交通职业技术学院外语教研室制作

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教学目的 (Aims)

使学生掌握本单元出现的生词及短语的用法；使学生掌握本单元出现的常见结构；使学生掌握本单元出现的阅读、翻译、写作和听说技巧

SVTCC· 精品课程 ·Practical EnglishSVTCC· 精品课程 ·Practical English


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教学方法(Teaching Method)

Interacting ; communication

教学重点(Important Points )

教学时间(Time Allotment)

skills of reading, translation, listening and speaking

Total: 12 Periods

SVTCC· 精品课程 ·Practical EnglishSVTCC· 精品课程 ·Practical English


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背景介绍(Related Info.)

Text A





Text AText A

Why Nations TradeWhy Nations Trade

11 International trade is the exchange of goods and

services produced in one country for goods and services

produced in another country. In most cases, countries do not

trade the actual goods and services. Rather, they use the

income, or money, from the sale of their products to buy the

products of another country.

精读(Intensive Study)



22 Trade among countries allows people in each country Trade among countries allows people in each country

to use their energies in doing what they do best. That is, it to use their energies in doing what they do best. That is, it

lets them lets them specialize. Trade and specialization go hand in . Trade and specialization go hand in

hand and hand and enable each of us to have more products to use each of us to have more products to use

and more different kinds of products at the lowest and more different kinds of products at the lowest

possible cost.possible cost.



33 Nations trade for many reasons. First, they trade

because there are differences in natural resources in

different parts of the world. The plants that can be grown

are different. The mineral resources are also different.

For example,

Canada has nickel mines but is too cold to grow oranges.

The United States has only a few small

mines but produces large crops of oranges. So the United

States buys nickel from Canada, and Canada buys

oranges from the United States. (We say that the United

States exports oranges and imports nickel. Canada

exports nickel and imports oranges.)



44 The second reason nations trade with one another is The second reason nations trade with one another is

that that it pays to specialize. Specialization . Specialization makes the best use

of a country’s productive resources – its natural resources,

the skill of its workers, and its factories.



55 When a country specializes, it can make some goods When a country specializes, it can make some goods

that are of better quality than goods made elsewhere. that are of better quality than goods made elsewhere.

Carpets woven in Iran and wine produced in France are Carpets woven in Iran and wine produced in France are

examples of these special goods.examples of these special goods.

Intensive Study



66 Specialization also enables one country to produce Specialization also enables one country to produce some goods more cheaply than another country. For some goods more cheaply than another country. For example, the United States has factories, machines, and example, the United States has factories, machines, and tools for manufacturing jet planes. Belgium has artisans tools for manufacturing jet planes. Belgium has artisans who who are skilled at making lace. So the United States sells jet planes to Belgium. Belgium sells lace to the United States. If the Belgians built factories and trained States. If the Belgians built factories and trained engineers for the few jets they need, those jets would be engineers for the few jets they need, those jets would be very expensive. If the United States began to train people very expensive. If the United States began to train people to make lace, that, too, would be expensive. By trading, to make lace, that, too, would be expensive. By trading, both countries get a good product from abroad for less both countries get a good product from abroad for less than it would cost if made than it would cost if made at home.



77

It pays a country to specialize even if it can produce everythi

ng cheaply

. Within each country there are some things that are produced

more efficiently than other things. This is called

comparative advantage..



88 Suppose there is a person in town who is an excellent Suppose there is a person in town who is an excellent

teacher and who also is a skilled carpenter. Suppose, too, teacher and who also is a skilled carpenter. Suppose, too,

that there is another person in town who is a skilled that there is another person in town who is a skilled

carpenter and who is a below-average teacher. If the carpenter and who is a below-average teacher. If the

second person could second person could devote full attention to carpentry and carpentry and

the first person full attention to teaching, then the town the first person full attention to teaching, then the town

would be making the best use of the skills and talents would be making the best use of the skills and talents

it possesses. If, instead, both persons taught forit possesses. If, instead, both persons taught for



half the week and did carpentry the other half, the town half the week and did carpentry the other half, the town

might not might not suffer from the quality of the carpentry. But the the quality of the carpentry. But the

town would lose some of the benefits of better education, town would lose some of the benefits of better education,

because the carpenter is a person of lesser teaching skills. because the carpenter is a person of lesser teaching skills.

In teaching, the carpenter does not have an advantage In teaching, the carpenter does not have an advantage

compared to the teacher. Towns, countries, and people are

better off when they specialize in producing those things in

which they have a comparative advantage.



99 Many countries get a large part of their income from Many countries get a large part of their income from

selling one or two primary products. Primary products are selling one or two primary products. Primary products are

the raw materials from which manufactured goods are the raw materials from which manufactured goods are

made. They may be farm products, such as wool, cotton, made. They may be farm products, such as wool, cotton,

beef, or wheat. They may come from beneath the surface beef, or wheat. They may come from beneath the surface

of the earth, as do copper, iron, coal, and crude oil. Or they of the earth, as do copper, iron, coal, and crude oil. Or they

may come from forests, as do wood and natural rubber.may come from forests, as do wood and natural rubber.



1010 For example, the majority of Colombia’s trade comes For example, the majority of Colombia’s trade comes

from selling coffee. Ghana depends heavily on cocoa from selling coffee. Ghana depends heavily on cocoa

exports. Malaysia exports. Malaysia dependsdepends on tin and rubber. These on tin and rubber. These

countries countries have “all their eggs in one baskethave “all their eggs in one basket.” If anything .” If anything

happens to the sales of their primary products, they are in happens to the sales of their primary products, they are in

trouble. Such countries will not be able to trouble. Such countries will not be able to count count on stable on stable

economies until they have more products to trade.economies until they have more products to trade.



exchange exchange v.v.

To give or receive something / someone of the same To give or receive something / someone of the same type or of equal value in return for another type or of equal value in return for another

e.g.e.g.

• HeHe exchanged exchanged the white sweater for a gray one.the white sweater for a gray one.

• Amy Amy exchangedexchanged seats with Bob. seats with Bob.



specialize v.

be or become a specialist; give special attention to成为或变为专家；专攻；专门研究

e.g.e.g.

• After his first degree he wishes to After his first degree he wishes to specialize inspecialize in orien oriental (tal ( 东方的东方的 ) history.) history.

• The doctor The doctor specializes inspecializes in children’s illnesses. children’s illnesses.



enable enable v.v. make able, give authority or means (to do sth) make able, give authority or means (to do sth)

e.g. e.g.

• This bird’s large wings This bird’s large wings enableenable it to fly very fast. it to fly very fast.

• The failure of the strike The failure of the strike enabledenabled the company to the company to resume normal bus services.resume normal bus services.



en- [ 前缀 ] 加在名词、形容词前构成动词

endanger enrich

enslave enclose

encase entrain



it pays to do sth : doing sth will bring a good result or advantage to do sth else

有好处、有利e.g.

• It pays to choose good cloth for a suit.

选用好料子做一套衣服是合算的。

和他争论没有什么好处。

It doesn't pay to argue with him.

TranslateTranslate



make use of : to use; take advantage ofmake use of : to use; take advantage of

e.g.

• You should make use of any opportunity to practice oral English.

• He always makes use of others’ sympathy to achieve his goal.



be skilled at / in : to have the knowledge and ability to do sth. well

e.g.

• She’s skilled at dealing with members of the public.

• Few doctors are actually trained, and not all are skilled, in helping their patients make choices.



at home : in one’s country

e.g.e.g.

• Newspapers both Newspapers both at homeat home and abroad ignored and abroad ignored the incident.the incident.



devote … to : give up (oneself, one’s time, energy, e

tc) to 奉献，致力于

e.g.

• The doctor devotes himself to the cure of cancer.

• She has devoted all her life to taking care of homeless people.

注：这里“ to”为介词，后跟名词或动名词。。



suffer from: a) feel or have pain, loss 受苦，受害

e.g.

• suffer from headaches

• suffer from loss of memory



If, instead, both persons taught for half the week and did carpentry the other half, the town might not suffer from the quality of the carpentry.

Here means that the quality of the carpentry in the town might not become worse.

similar example:similar example:

She spent his time enjoying herself and her work suffered.

Here implies her work was not good in quality.



compared to / with : in comparison with

e.g.

• Compared to traveling by plane, taking a train is more economical.

• Compared with many animals, computers are much more advanced.



be better off: to have more money, to be in a better condition

e.g.

• The life of his family was better off after his two daughters found jobs.

• We’d be better off without all that noise from the children’s room.



depend on / upon : rely on; be supported by

e.g.

• Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.

• He depends on his pen for a living.

• Pollution of the sea has killed thousands of the fish on which many fishermen depend for their livelihood (生计 ).



The phrase comes from the expression “put all one’s eggs in one basket”.– risk everything one has in a single venture 孤注一掷

e.g.e.g.

• He only applied for entrance to Qinghua University because he wanted to put all his eggs in one basket this time.

Here implies that it will be dangerous if these countries Here implies that it will be dangerous if these countries

depend completely on their primary products.depend completely on their primary products.



count on / upon : expect with confidence; rely upon

e.g.

• You’d better not count on an increase in your salary this year.

• We are counting on selling at least 1000 copies of the book.

• They will not succeed unless they count on your help.



Paraphrase the sentence:

Canada has nickel mines but is too cold to grow

oranges.

Canada has nickel mines. However, the weather is Canada has nickel mines. However, the weather is

so cold that oranges cannot be grown there.so cold that oranges cannot be grown there.



Paraphrase the sentence:

It pays a country to specialize even if it can produce everything cheaply.

Specialization brings a country an advantage/a benefit although it can produce everything at a low cost.



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概要(Summary)

Information trade can be regarded as a form of buying and selling goods and services among different countries. There are two reasons for nations to trade: the different in natural resources in different countries and the benefit of specialization. When a country specializes, it can benefit in three ways. 1) Products it makes will have a better quality. 2) The cost of these products will be lower. 3) Most important of all, the people in these countries will enjoy a wealthier life. Countries can specialize not only by producing certain goods but also by selling primary products, which can be a very important source of income for many countries.

Text A



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Unit 3技能训练

(Skills Development)



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Unit 3习题

(Exercise)

Documents

Practical English BOOK 1 Unit 3 结构示意图 教学目的 教学目的 教学方法 教学方法 教学难点 教学难点 教学时间 教学时间 点击相应内容 SVTCC· 精品课程

Practical English BOOK 1 Unit 3 结构示意图教学目的教学目的教学方法教学方法教学难点教学难点教学时间教学时间点击相应内容 SVTCC· 精品课程