PPT on Pen

7/29/2019 PPT on Pen

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PRATIK SUKHANI


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A PEN (Latin penna, feather) is a device usedto apply ink to a surface, usually paper,for writing or drawing. Historically, reedpens, quill pens, and dip pens were used,with a nib of some sort to be dipped in theink. Ruling pens allow precise adjustment of

line width, and still find a few specializeduses, but technical pens such asthe Rapidograph are more commonly used.Modern types also include ballpoint, roller

ball, fountain, and felt or ceramic tip pens.


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REED PEN QUILL PEN

INK BRUSH

DIP PEN

ROLLERBALL PEN MARKER

FOUNTAIN PEN

CROWQUILL PEN BALL POINT PEN

HISTORIC PENS MODERN PENS


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A reed pen is cut from a reed or bamboo, with aslit in a narrow tip. Its mechanism is essentiallysimilar to that of a quill. The reed pen hasalmost disappeared but it is still used by youngschool students in some parts of India andPakistan, who learn to write with them on smalltimber boards known as "Takhti". Popular beliefhas it that writing with a reed pen improveshandwriting


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A quill is a pen made from a flight feather of alarge bird, most often a goose. Quills wereused as instruments for writing with ink before

the metal dip pen, the fountain pen, andeventually the ballpoint pen came into use.Quill pens were used in medieval times to writeon parchment or paper. The quill eventually

replaced the reed pen.


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The ink brush is the traditional writingimplement in East Asian calligraphy. The body ofthe brush can be made from either bamboo, orrarer materials such as red sandalwood, glass,ivory, silver, and gold. The head of the brush can

be made from the hair (or feathers) of a widevariety of animals, including the weasel, rabbit,deer, chicken, duck, goat, pig, tiger, etc. There isalso a tradition in both China and Japan of

making a brush using the hair of a newborn, as aonce-in-a-lifetime souvenir for the child. Today,calligraphy may also be done using a pen, butpen calligraphy does not enjoy the same prestige

as traditional brush calligraphy.


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A dip pen (or nib pen) consists of ametal nib with capillary channels, like that afountain pen, mounted on a handle or holder,

often made of wood. A dip pen usually has noink reservoir and must be repeatedly rechargedwith ink while drawing or writing. The dip penhas certain advantages over a fountain pen. It

can use waterproof pigmented (particle-and-binder-based) inks, such as so-called India ink,drawing ink, or acrylic inks


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A rollerball pen dispenses a water-based liquidor gel ink through a ball tip similar to that of aballpoint pen. The less-viscous ink is more easilyabsorbed by paper than oil-based ink, and the pen

moves more easily across a writing surface. Therollerball pen was initially designed to combine theconvenience of a ballpoint pen with the smooth"wet ink" effect of a fountain pen. Gel inks are

available in a range of colors, including metallicpaint colors and glitter effects.


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A marker, or felt-tip pen, has a porous tip of fibrousmaterial. The smallest, finest-tipped markers are used for writing

on paper. Medium-tip markers are often used by children for

colouring. Larger markers are used for writing on other surfaces such

as corrugated boxes, whiteboards and for chalkboards,often called "liquid chalk" or "chalkboard markers.

Markers with wide tips and bright but transparent ink,called highlighters, are used to mark existing text.Markers designed for children or for temporary writing (aswith a whiteboard or overhead projector) typicallyuse non-permanent inks. Large markers used to labelshipping cases or other packages are usually permanentmarkers.


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A fountain pen uses water-based liquid inkdelivered through a nib. The ink flows from areservoir through a "feed" to the nib, thenthrough the nib, due to capillary action andgravity. The nib has no moving parts and

delivers ink through a thin slit to the writingsurface. A fountain pen reservoir can berefillable or disposable, this disposable typebeing an ink cartridge. A pen with a refillablereservoir may have a mechanism, such as a

piston, to draw ink from a bottle through thenib, or it may require refilling withan eyedropper. Refillable reservoirs, alsoknown as cartridge converters, are availablefor some pens designed to use disposablecartridges.


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A crowquill pen is a favorite instrument ofartists, such as David Stone Martin and JayLynch, because its flexible metal point cancreate a variety of delicate lines, textures and

tones with slight pressures while drawing.


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A ballpoint pen dispenses viscous oil-based ink by rolling a small hardsphere, usually 0.71.2 mm and madeof brass, steel or tungstencarbide. The ink dries almost

immediately on contact with paper.The ballpoint pen is usually reliableand inexpensive. It has replaced thefountain pen as the most popular tool

for everyday writing. One commontype of ballpoint pen is the erasablepen, invented in the 1980s.


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A stainless steel pen, 8cm long. However when youunscrew the top, the 'nib' is a solid piece of metal.There is no ink, yet this pen will write on virtuallyany type of paper. In the Medieval period, artists

and scribes often used a metal stylus in order todraw on a specially prepared paper surface.Generally known as Metalpoint, or Silverpoint whenthe stylus was made of silver, artists such as

Leonardo da Vinci, Drer and Rembrandt all usedthis technique. The metal alloy nib is relatively soft,so it is advisable not to drop the pen. Otherwiseyou may snap the nib off and this pen should notbe used by childrens.


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PPT on Pen