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City & Guilds Construction

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Know about access equipment and working at heights, and how to work with electrical equipment

Unit 201: Health safety and welfare in construction



Objectives

By the end of this session you will be able to:

• Identify legislation relating to working at heights

• Identify types of access equipment

• State safe methods of working with access equipment

• Identify dangers of working at height

• State precautions to take to avoids risk to self and others when working with electrical

equipment

• Identify voltage and voltage colour coding that are used in the workplace

• State methods of storing electrical equipment



Legislation relating to working at heights The Working at Height Regulations 2005 (WAHR)

• The Regulations apply to all work at height where there is a risk of a fall liable to cause personal injury.

• This legislation places a legal duty on everyone for the welfare of employers, employees and managers

There is a simple hierarchy for managing and selecting equipment for work at height. Duty holders must:

• Avoid work at height where they can;

• Use work equipment or other measures to prevent falls where they cannot avoid working at height; and

• Where they cannot eliminate the risk of a fall, use work equipment or other measures to minimise the distance and consequences of a fall should one occur.



Working at height The Statistics

Falls are the biggest cause of workplace fatalities

• 35 fatal incidents in 2008/09 and a total of 421 since 2001

• Cause of 4589 major injuries 2008/09

• 87% of all major injuries are caused by ‘low falls’ (i.e. below 2 metres)

Where work has to be carried out at height, then the duty holder shall take suitable and sufficient measures to prevent, so far as is reasonably practicable, any person falling a distance liable to cause personal injury’ (WAHR)

REMEMBER that injury can occur from a fall of any height, not just from above 2 metres.

Look at the video on working at heights make notes: http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/video/index.htm

http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/video/index.htm

http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/video/index.htm



Working at heights

What are the six steps to safety when considering working at height?

Using activity sheet 13 in groups identify the six steps to safety in the previous video.

What are the steps ? What do they mean?



Types of Access Equipment

Trestles LaddersMobile towers

Hop ups

Steps

Scissor lift Cherry pickerTubular



LaddersEvery year an average of 14 people die and a further 1200 are seriously injured at work as a result of falling from a leaning ladder or stepladder.

Some of these accidnets will be a result of bad planning or use of the wrong piece of equipment for the job.

What are the reasons people fall from leaning ladders and stepladders?

• The leaning ladder slipping either at the top or bottom;

• The leaning ladder flipping over or coming away at the top;

• overstretching;

• A fault with the ladder;

• Slipping or loosing your footing;

• Stepladder wobbles due to missing feet or not being correctly open;

• Stepladder being used side-on to the work task.



Ladders

Positioning a leaning ladder with a back slope - Ladder showing maximum angle at 6° on a back slope.

Ladder tied at top stiles (correct for working on, not for access

Positioning a leaning ladder safely - Ladder showing correct 1 in 4 angle (Securing omitted for clarity).

Positioning a leaning ladder with a side slope - Ladder showing maximum angle at 16° on a side slope.



Ladders

Incorrect - overreaching and not maintaining three points of contact

Correct - user maintaining three points of contact

Incorrect - steps side-on to work activity

Correct - steps facing work activity

A ladder should lean at an angle of 75º, i.e. one unit out for every four units up



Trestles / Hop-ups

• Trestle scaffold should always be erected on firm, level ground and with a minimum working platform width of 450mm

• Lockable steel hinges and anti-slip feet. Ideal for low level access, painting, plastering

• Premium quality steel mobile steps for easy step-up access in the workplace.



Mobile Tower

HSE key messages are that:

• you must be competent in erection and dismantling of mobile scaffolds; and

• you must always read and follow the manufacturer's instruction manual and on no account attempt use the equipment beyond its limitations.

Watch the short video clip

http://www.hse.gov.uk/campaigns/worksmart/videos/wareing18.wmv



Mobile Tower

• Commonly referred to as mobile access towers or mobile scaffold towers, these structures are manufactured from prefabricated components where the principal structural materials are aluminium alloys or fibreglass.

• Wheels or feet of the tower must be in contact with a firm surface. Outriggers should be deployed as specified by the manufacturer.

Mobile Access Towers are covered by PASMA. More Information http://www.pasma.co.uk/



Spot the hazards

In groups list the hazards you can see compare findings with the class



Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs)

http://www.hse.gov.uk/falls/heightaware/accessindex.htm

Take a look at this scene. Do you see a hive of safe activity? Or a high risk high street that's about to come crashing down?

Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) can provide a safe way of working at height.

They:

• allow the worker to reach the task quickly and easily

• have guard rails and toe boards which prevent a person falling

• can be used in-doors or out

• MEWPs include cherry pickers, scissor lifts and vehicle-mounted booms



Any questions?

Documents

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