Power-Factor Controller (PFC) IC for High Power Factor and

PFC-DCM IC

TDA4862/TDA4862G

Power-Factor Control ler (PFC)IC for High Power Factorand Act ive Harmonic Fi l ter

N e v e r s t o p t h i n k i n g .

Power Management & Supp ly

Datasheet, V2.0, 1 Dec 2003

Edition 2003-12-01

Published by Infineon Technologies AG, St.-Martin-Strasse 53, D-81541 München

© Infineon Technologies AG 1999. All Rights Reserved.

Attention please!

The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as warranted char-acteristics.Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved.We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein.Infineon Technologies is an approved CECC manufacturer.

Information

For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest Infin-eon Technologies Office in Germany or our Infineon Technologies Representatives worldwide (see address list).

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Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office.Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.

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TDA4862/TDA4862G Revision History: 2003-12-01 Datasheet

Previous Version:

Page Subjects (major changes since last revision)

= New type

Type Ordering Code Package

TDA 4862 Q67000-A8368 P-DIP-8-1

TDA 4862 G Q67006-A8369 P-DSO-8-1

Power-Factor Controller (PFC) TDA 4862IC for High Power Factorand Active Harmonic Filter

Advanced Information Bipolar IC

P-DIP-8-1

P-DSO-8-1

P-DSO-8-1

Features

• IC for sinusoidal line-current consumption • Power factor approaching 1• Controls boost converter as an active

harmonics filter• Internal start-up with low current consumption• Zero current detector for discontinuous

operation mode• High current totem pole gate driver• Trimmed ± 1.4% internal reference• Undervoltage lock-out with hysteresis• Very low start-up current consumption• Pin compatible to world standard • Fast overvoltage regulator• Current sense input with internal low pass filter

Version 2.0 3 1 Dec 2003

TDA 4862


Description

The TDA 4862 is excellent convenient for designing a preconverter in ballasts andswitched mode power supplies with sinusoidal line current consumption and a powerfactor approaching unity.

The TDA 4862 controls a boost converter as an active harmonics filter in a discontinuousmode (free oscillating triangular shaped current mode).

The TDA 4862 comprises an internal start-up timer, a high gain voltage amplifier, an onequadrant multiplier for approaching unity power factor, a zero current detector, PWM andlogic circuitry, and totem pole MOSFET gate driver.

Protective features are: input undervoltage lockout with hysteresis, VCC zener clamp,cycle-by-cycle current limiting, output voltage limiting for fast and slow load changes upto open circuit, and a sinking gate driver current activated whenever undervoltage modeoccurs.

The output voltage of this preconverter is regulated with high accuracy. Therefore thedevice can be used for world-wide line voltages without switches.

The TDA 4862 is the improved version of the TDA 4817 with a pinout equivalent to worldstandard.

Figure 1 Pin Configuration (top view)

TDA 4862TDA 4862 G

MULTIN

4

3

2

1

IEP01748

5

6 GND

DETIN

7

8

GTDRV

VCC

AOUTVSENSEV

SENSEΙ4

3

2

1

IEP01749

5

6

7

8

SENSEΙ

MULTIN

AOUTV

SENSEV CCV

GTDRV

GND

DETIN

TDA 4862


Pin Definitions and Functions

Pin Symbol Function

1 VSENSE Voltage Amplifier Inverting Input;VSENSE is connected via a resistive divider to the boost converter output. With a capacitor connected to VAOUT it forms an integrator.

2 VAOUT Voltage Amplifier Output;VAOUT is connected internally to the first multiplier input. To prevent overshoot the input voltage will be clamped at 5 V. During no load conditions output pulses are suppressed completely whenVAOUT falls below 2.2 V. If the current flowing into this pin is exceeding an internal defined margin the multiplier output voltage is reduced to prevent the MOSFET from overvoltage damage.

3 MULTIN Multiplier Input;MULTIN is the second multiplier input and connected via a resistive divider to the rectifier output voltage.

4 ISENSE Current Sense Minus;ISENSE is connected to a sense resistor controlling the MOSFET source current. The input is internally clamped at – 0.3 V to prevent negative input voltage interaction. An internal low pass filter suppresses voltage spikes when turning the MOSFET on.

5 DETIN Zero Current Detector Input;DETIN is connected to an auxiliary winding monitoring the zero crossing of the inductor current.

6 GND Ground;All voltages are measured with respect to GND. VCC should be bypassed directly to GND with a 0.1 µF or larger ceramic capacitor.

7 GTDRV Gate Drive Output;GTDRV is the output of a totem-pole circuitry for direct driving a MOSFET. A clamping network bypasses low state source current and high state sink current.

8 VCC Positive Supply Voltage;VCC should be connected to a stable source slightly above the VCC turn-ON threshold for normal operation. A 100 nF or lager ceramic capacitor connected to VCC absorbs supply current spikes required to charge external MOSFET gate capacitances.

TDA 4862


Functional Description

Introduction

Conventional electronic ballasts and switching power supplies are designed with abridge rectifier and bulk capacitor. Their disadvantage is that the circuit draws powerfrom the line when the instantaneous AC voltage exceeds the capacitor’s voltage. Thisoccurs near the line voltage peak and causes a high charge current spike with followingcharacteristics: the apparent power is higher than the real power that means low powerfactor condition, the current spikes are non-sinusoidal with a high content of harmonicscausing line noise, the rectified voltage depends on load condition and requires a largebulk capacitor, special efforts in noise suppression are necessary.

With the TDA 4862 preconverter a sinusoidal current is achieved which varies in directinstantaneous proportion to the input voltage half sine wave and means a power factornear 1. This is due to the appearance of almost any complex load like a resistive one atthe AC line. The harmonic distortions are reduced and comply with the IEC555 standard.

Operating Description

The TDA 4862 contains a wide bandwidth voltage amplifier used in a feedback loop, anovervoltage regulator, an one quadrant multiplier with a wide linear operating range, acurrent sense comparator, zero current detector, a PWM and logic circuitry, a totem-poleMOSFET driver, an internal trimmed voltage reference, a restart timer and anundervoltage lockout circuitry. These functional blocks are described below.

Voltage Amplifier

The voltage amplifier is internally compensated and yields a gain bandwidth of 0.8 MHzand a phase margin of 80 degrees. The non-inverting input is biased at 2.5 V and is notpinned out. The inverting input is sensing the output voltage via a resitive devider. Thevoltage amplifier output VAOUT and the inverting input VSENSE are connected in a simplestway via an external capacitor. It forms an integrator which monitors the average outputvoltage over several line cycles. Typically the bandwidth is set below 20 Hz. ln order tokeep the output voltage constant the voltage amplifier output is connected to themultiplier input for regulation.

Overvoltage Regulator

Fast changes of the output voltage can’t be regulated by the integrator formed with thevoltage amplifier This occurs during initial start-up, sudden load removal, or output arcingand leads to a current peak at the voltage amplifier input while the voltage amplifier’sdifferential input voltages remains zero. The peak current is flowing through the externalcapacitor into VAOUT. Exceeding an internal defined margin causes a regulation circuitryto reduce the multiplier output voltage.

TDA 4862


Functional Description (cont’d)

MuItiplier

A one quadrant multiplier is the crucial circuitry that regulates the gate driver with respectof the DC output voltage and the AC haversine input voltage of the preregulator. Bothinputs are designed for good linearity over a wide dynamic range, 0 V to 4.0 V for theMULTIN and 2.5 V to 4.0 V for the VAOUT.

Current Sense Comparator and RS Latch

The multiplier output voltage is compared with the current sense voltage whichrepresents the current through the MOSFET. The current sense comparator in additionwith the logic ensures that only a single pulse appears at the drive output during agiven cycle. The multiplier output and the current sense threshold are internally clampedat 1.3 V. So the gate drive MOSFET is protected against critical operating, as they occurduring start up. To prevent the input from negative pulses a special protection circuitry isimplemented. Switch-on current peaks are reduced by an internal RC-Filter.

Zero Current Detector

The zero current detector senses the inductor current via an auxiliary winding andensures that the next on-time is initiated immediately when the inductor current hasreached zero. This diminishes the reverse recovery losses of the boost converter diode.Output switch conduction is terminated when the voltage drop of the shunt resistorreaches the threshold level of the multiplier output. So the boost current waveform hasa triangular shape and there are no deadtime gaps between the cycles. This leads to acontinuous AC line current limiting the peak current to twice of the average current.

To prevent false tripping the zero current detector is designed as a Schmitt trigger witha hysteresis of 0.6 V. An internal 5 V clamp protects the input from overvoltagebreakdown, a 0.6 V clamp prevents substrate injection. An external resistor must beused in series with the auxiliary winding to limit the current through the clamps.

Timer

A restart timer function was added to the IC to eliminate the need for an oscillator whenused in stand-alone applications. The timer starts or restarts the TDA 4862 if the driveoutput has been off for more than 15 µs after the inductor current reaches zero.

TDA 4862


Functional Description (cont’d)

Undervoltage Lockout

An undervoltage lockout circuitry enables the output stage when VCC reaches the upperthreshold VCC and terminates the output stage when VCC is falling below the lowerthreshold VCCL. In the standby mode the supply current is typically 75 µA. An internalclamp has been added from VCC to ground to protect the IC from an overvoltagecondition. The external circuitry is created with a start-up resistor connected from VCC tothe input supply voltage and a storage capacitor from VCC to ground. Bootstrap powersupply is created with the previous mentioned auxiliary winding and a diode.

Output

The TDA 4862 totem pole output stage is MOSFET compatible. An internal protectioncircuitry is activated when VCC is within the stand by mode and ensures that the MOSFETis turned-OFF. The totem pole output has been optimized to minimize cross conductioncurrent during high speed operation. The addition of two 4 Ω resistors, one in series withthe source output transistor and one in series with the sink output transistor, reduces thecross conduction current.

TDA 4862


Figure 2 Block Diagram

Ove

r-Vo

ltage

Regu

latio

n

Mul

ti-pl

ier

4 V

0.9

V

1.3

V

30 k

10 p

F

5 V

0.6

V

Drive

ran

dLo

gic

Refe

renc

eVo

ltage

Z-Cl

amp

VCC

-

REF

V

CCV

Clam

p

Clam

p

Curre

ntCo

mp

Volta

geAm

plifie

r

Lock

out

Unde

rvol

tage

Filte

r

Clam

pDe

tect

or

+

11 V

/ 8.

5 V

2.5

V / 1

.9 V

+

TDA

4862

; G

1 2 3 4 5

678

GND

GTD

RV

CCV

AOUT

V

MUL

TIN

DETI

N

IEB0

1747

SENS

EV SE

NSE

Ι

Ω

TDA 4862


Figure 3 Application Circuit with TDA 4862; G

0.22

F

C1

Tr1

250

H Dete

ctor

MUL

TIN

GND

GTD

RVBU

Z 33

4

Q1

C

470

F

6

DETI

N

AOUT

V

Ref

V

2

63

4 17

85

V IN

AC 90-2

70 V

VTH

IES0

1750

RF-F

ilter

and

Rect

ifier

Mul

ti-pl

er

µ

µ

100

FC

3µ

C 100

nF4

+

+

Volta

geO

P

+ Curre

ntO

P

1.3

MR

1Ω

100

kR

Ω3

R 12 k2

Ω

R 1008

ΩD1

1N41

48R 22

k3Ω

PWM

Logi

cDr

iver

TDA

4862

G1.

6 M

RΩ

5

10 k

R6

ΩR

7Ω

0.1

VSE

NSE

SENS

EΙ

BYP

101

D2C

540

0 V

µ

OUT

V

470

nF

TDA 4862


Operating Range

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes

min. max.

Supply voltage at VCC Pin 8supply + Z-current VCC-GND Pin 8

Current into GTDRV Pin 7Clamping current into GTDRV Pin 7Clamping current into GTDRV Pin 7

VCC

ICCZ

IGTDRV

IGTDCH

IGTDCL

– 0.30

– 400–– 100

–70

500100–

VmA

mAmAmA

–observe Pmax

observe Pmax

VGTDRV > VCC

VGTDRV < – 0.3 V

Voltage at VSENSE Pin 1Voltage at VAOUT Pin 2Voltage at MULTIN Pin 3Voltage at ISENSE Pin 4Current into DETIN Pin 5Current into DETIN Pin 5

VVSENSE

VVAOUT

VMULTIN

VISENSE

IDETINH

IDETINL

– 0.3– 0.3– 0.3– 10–– 10

176171750–

VVVVmAmA

––––VDETIN > 6 VVDETIN < 0.9 V

Junction temperature Tj – 40 150 °C –

Storage temperature Tstg – 50 150 °C –

Thermal resistance system-air TDA 4862TDA 4862 G

RthSA

RthSA

––

100180

K/WK/W

P-DIP-8-1P-DSO-8-1

Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Notes

min. max.

Supply voltage VCC VCCON VZ V 1)

1) VCCON means VCCH has been exceeded but the supply voltage is still above VCCL. The device has switched fromstandby to active. For VCCH and VCCL values see Electrical Characteristics. If 0 V < VCC < VCCON, the deviceis in standby and output GTDRV is active low.

Z-current IZ 0 50 mA observe Pmax

Junction temperature Tj – 40 150 °C –

Voltage at ISENSE VISENSE – 5 VZ V –

TDA 4862


Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise stated, VCC = 12 V, – 40 °C < Tj < 150 °C.

Parameter Symbol Limit Values Unit Test Condition

min. typ. max.

Overall

Supply current, OFF ICCL – 75 200 µA 0 V < VCC < VCCH

Supply current, ON ICCH – 4 6 mA Output low

Supply current, dynamic ICCDY – 4.2 8 mA fDETIN = 50 kHz,CGTDRV = 1 nF

VCC turn-ON threshold VCCH – 11 11.5 V –

VCC turn-OFF threshold VCCL 8.0 8.5 – V –

VCC turn-ON/OFF hysteresis

VCCHY 1.8 2.3 3.0 V –

VCC clamp VZ 15 17 19 V ICCZ = 50 mA

Voltage Amplifier

Voltage feedback threshold

VFB 2.465 2.5 2.535

V Tj = 25 °C, Pin 1 to Pin 2

Voltage feedback threshold

VFB 2.45 – 2.55 V Pin 1 to Pin 2

Line regulation ∆VFBL – – 5 mV VCC = 10 V to 15 V

Input bias current IBVSENSE – 1 – – µA –

Open loop voltage gain1) GV – 80 – dB –

Unity gain bandwidth1) BW – 0.8 – MHz –

Phase margin1) ΦM – 80 – Degr –

Inhibit threshold voltage VVAOUTI – 2.2 – V –

Output current source IVAOUTH – – 12 – mA VVAOUT = 0 V,VVSENSE = 2.3 V

Output current sink IVAOUTL – 4 – mA VVAOUT = 4 V,VVSENSE = 2.8 V

1not subject to production test - verified by characterization.

TDA 4862


Output voltage swing high state

VVAOUTH 3.8 4.3 5.0 V IVAOUT = – 0.2 mAVVSENSE = 2.3 V

Output voltage swing low state

VVAOUTL – 0.9 – V IVAOUT = 0.5 AVVSENSE = 2.8 V

Overvoltage Regulator

Regulation current IRVAOUT 20 30 45 µA VVAOUT = VMULTIN

= 4 V,VISENSE = 0.5 V

Current Comparator

Input bias current IBISENSE – 1 – – µA –

Input offset voltage VISENSEO – 25 – mV VMULTIN = 0 V,VVAOUT = 2.4 V

Max threshold voltage VISENSEM 1.05 1.25 1.5 V –

Delay to output1) tPHL – 250 – ns –)

Detector

Upper threshold voltage(VDETIN increasing)

VDETINU – 2.5 2.75 V –

Lower threshold voltage(VDETIN decreasing)

VDETINL 1.5 1.9 – V –

Hysteresis VDETINHY – 0.6 – V –

Input current IBDETIN – 1 – – µA 1.5 V < VDETIN

< 2.75 V

Input clamp voltage High stateLow state

VDETINHC

VDETINLC

4–

50.6

–1

VV

IDETIN = 5 mAIDETIN = – 5 mA

1)not subject to production test - verified by characterization

Electrical Characteristics (cont’d)



min. typ. max.

TDA 4862


Multiplier

Input bias current IBMULTIN – 1 – – µA –

Dynamic voltage rangeMULTINVAOUT

VMULTIN

VVAOUT

0 to 3VFB to VFB + 1

0 to 4VFB to VFB + 1.5

––

VV

VVAOUT = 2.75 VVMULTIN = 1.0 V

Multiplier gain 1) K 0.45 0.65 0.85 1/V VMULTIN = 2 VVVAOUT = VFB + 1 V

Restart Timer

Restart time delay tDLY 75 190 400 µs –

Gate Driver

Output voltage low state VGTDRVL – 0.81.8

– VV

IGTDRV = 20 mAIGTDRV = 200 mA

Output voltage high state

VGTDRVH – 9.48.7

– V IGTDRV = – 20 mAIGTDRV = – 200 mA

Output voltage activeshut down

VGTDRVU – 2.0 2.6 V IGTDRV = 50 mAVCC increasing:0 < VCC < VCCH,VCC decreasing:0 < VCC < VCCL

Rise time 2) tr – 100 – – CGTDRV = 1 nF

Fall time 2) tf – 40 – – CGTDRV = 1 nF1) K = VISENSE / (VMULTIN × (VVAOUT – VFB))2) not subject to production test - verified by design

Electrical Characteristics (cont’d)



min. typ. max.

TDA 4862


Supply Current ICC versusSupply Voltage VCC

Turn-ON/-OFF Threshold Voltage VCCversus Junction Temperature Tj

Supply Current ICC versusJunction Temperature Tj

Open Loop Gain GV and Phase Φversus Frequency f

00

5 10 15 V

V CC

20

VSENSEV = 3 V

mAΙ CC

6IED01751

5

4

3

2

1

= 3 VVAOUTV= 1 VMULTINV= 0.5 VISENSEV= 2 VDETINV= 25 CjT

-507

8

9

10

0 50 100 C

T j

CCLV

V

11

12

CCHV

IED01753

V CC

150

-500

0 50 100 C

T j

150

VSENSEV = 3 V

mAΙ CC

6IED01752

5

4

3

2

1

= 3 VVAOUTV= 1 VMULTINV= 0.5 VISENSEV= 2 VDETINV

0

20

40

60

Φ

M

2

f

4

Φ

CC

100

G V

A

dB

80 jT

0

VV VAOUT

IED01754

= 25 C

3.0 < < 3.5 V= 12 V

kHz10 10

0

30

60

90

120

150

Φ

deg

10 010 -110 -2 110

TDA 4862


Threshold Voltage Change ∆VFB versus Junction Temperature Tj

Threshold Voltage VDETIN versus Junction Temperature Tj

Threshold Voltage VISENSE versus Regulation Current IRVAOUT

Current Sense Threshold VISENSE versus Multiplier Input VMULTIN

-50-15

-10

-5

0

0 50 100 C

T j

mV

5

10IED01755

V FB

150

∆ CCV = 12 V

Pin 1 connected to Pin 2

-500

0 50 100 C

T j

150

1/V

3.00IED01757

2.75

2.50

2.25

2.00

1.75

= 12 VCCV= 1 VMULTINV= GNDVSENSEV= GNDISENSEV

DETINV

DETINupperV

V DETINlow

29

0.4

0.2

0

0.6

323130

0.8

1.0

1.4

RVAOUTΙ34

IED01756

33 µA

V CC =12 V

V

V ISENSE

150 C

25 C

-40 C

0.8

0

0.4

0.2

0

0.6

321

1.0

1.4

5

IED01758

4 V

VV ISENSE

MULTINV

4.0 V

3.5 V

3.0 V

2.75 V

VAOUTV = 2.5 V


Current Sense Threshold VISENSE versus Voltage Amplifier Output VVAOUT

Restart Time Delay tDLY versusJunction Temperature Tj

Multiplier Gain K versusJunction Temperature Tj

Output Voltage Low/High State VSAT

versus Load Current IGTDRV

0.8

2.5

0.4

0.2

0

0.6

4.03.53.0

1.0

1.4

5.0

IED01759

4.5 V

VV ISENSE

VAOUTV

MULTINV = 3 V

2 V

1 V

0.5 V

-50140

0 50 100 C

T j

150

s240

IED01761

180

200

160

t DLY

220

µ

-500

0 50 100 C

T j

150

CCV1/V

1.2IED01760

0.6

MULTINV

VAOUTV

0.9

0.3

K= 12 V= 2 V= VFB + 1 V

00

100 200 300 mA

V SAT

400

CCV = 12 VV

Ι GTDRV

6IED01762

5

4

3

2

1

= 10 msT= 200 spt µ

CCV VGTDRVH

GTDRVLV

GTDRVLV at CCV = 7 V

TDA 4862

TDA 4862


Package Outlines

Plastic Package, P-DIP-8-1(Plastic Dual In-line Package)

GP

D05

025

Sorts of PackingPackage outlines for tubes, trays etc. are contained in our Data Book “Package Information”.

Dimensions in mm

TDA 4862


GP

S05

121

Plastic Package, P-DSO-8-1(Plastic Dual Small Outline Package)

Sorts of PackingPackage outlines for tubes, trays etc. are contained in our Data Book “Package Information”.

Dimensions in mmSMD = Surface Mounted Device

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Documents

Power-Factor Controller (PFC) IC for High Power Factor and