Power and Grounding Serie S

D800053X042July 2013

Quick Start Guide for DeltaV Power, Grounding,and Surge Suppression

Printed in the Republic of Singapore.

© Emerson Process Management 1996 - 2013. All rights reserved. For Emerson Process Management trademarks and service marks,go to Emerson Process Management Trademarks and Service Marks. All other marks are property of their respective owners. Thecontents of this publication are presented for informational purposes only, and while every effort has been made to ensure theiraccuracy, they are not to be construed as warranties or guarantees, expressed or implied, regarding the products or servicesdescribed herein or their use or applicability. All sales are governed by our terms and conditions, which are available on request. Wereserve the right to modify or improve the design or specification of such products at any time without notice.

See the CE statement in Chapter 1.

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http://www2.emersonprocess.com/siteadmincenter/PM%20Central%20Web%20Documents/marks.pdf

Contents

Chapter 1 Welcome ....................................................................................................................... 1DeltaV version this manual supports ....................................................................................................... 1Related DeltaV information .....................................................................................................................1CE statement ..........................................................................................................................................2Warning, Caution, Important, and Note .................................................................................................. 2

Chapter 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 5

Chapter 3 The basic premise .......................................................................................................... 7

Chapter 4 The reasons for grounding ............................................................................................. 9

Chapter 5 Ground cable sizing ......................................................................................................11

Chapter 6 Establishing and maintaining clean power ................................................................... 13Clean power options ............................................................................................................................. 17Single AC source ....................................................................................................................................18Two AC sources ..................................................................................................................................... 19

Chapter 7 DeltaV power and grounding options ...........................................................................21S-series ..................................................................................................................................................21CHARMs ................................................................................................................................................ 27SIS ......................................................................................................................................................... 32

Power supply configuration ....................................................................................................... 34Incorporating M-series SLS into S-series .....................................................................................36

Multiple Distributed Enclosures: Power and Grounding Schemes .......................................................... 38Floating AC and high-resistance ground ................................................................................................ 42

Chapter 8 Grounding topologies .................................................................................................. 45Star or single-point ground ....................................................................................................................45Mesh star ground network .................................................................................................................... 46Hybrid star mesh ground network ......................................................................................................... 48

Appendices and referenceAppendix A Interference and transients .......................................................................................... 49

Static (capacitive) coupling ................................................................................................................... 49Voltage differentials ..............................................................................................................................50Inductive coupling .................................................................................................................................51

Appendix B High integrity ground systems ..................................................................................... 53Highest integrity systems have shields connected to chassis ground .....................................................53

Appendix C Checklists for verifying site ground .............................................................................. 55Site ground verification checklists ......................................................................................................... 55Checklists ..............................................................................................................................................55

Good engineering practices for general systems ........................................................................56Environmental conditions ..........................................................................................................57Power and grounding connections ............................................................................................ 58Power and grounding connections with triad .............................................................................60General field device installation ................................................................................................. 61

Contents

i

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types) ............................................................... 63Enclosures ................................................................................................................................. 65AC power system and distribution ............................................................................................. 68DC power system and distribution ............................................................................................. 69DeltaV controllers ......................................................................................................................71List of equipment used .............................................................................................................. 73

Appendix D References ................................................................................................................... 75

Contents

ii

1 WelcomeTopics covered in this chapter:

• DeltaV version this manual supports

• Related DeltaV information

• CE statement

• Warning, Caution, Important, and Note

This manual is a quick start guide for providing power, grounding, and surge suppressionfor Emerson's new CHARM and S-series products. Parts of this manual also apply to DeltaVM-series products as well. More specifically, this manual explains how to properly designand prepare control system electrical power and ground networks before you install yourDeltaV system. Applying the information in this manual saves time and expense bysignificantly increasing the reliability of your control system and by making your systemeasier to start up and maintain.

The power and grounding techniques described in this manual are based on bestengineering practices and industry standards. In addition to this manual, you may needother DeltaV and industry publications to obtain complete information for preparing yoursite. References to related industry standards can be found at the end of this document.

DeltaV version this manual supportsThe information in this manual applies to all versions of DeltaV systems; however the focusof this manual is on S-series equipment. Periodically, this manual is updated to incorporatesite preparation information for the newest DeltaV products and to add information basedon user feedback. To make sure you have the latest edition, contact your Emerson ProcessManagement local business partner or field sales office (LBP/FSO).

NoteBecause this manual covers all DeltaV versions and various OEM products, it often uses genericsymbols in drawings instead of exact product representations. See DeltaV and OEM manuals forexact representations.

Related DeltaV informationAdditional information is included on product DVDs, on Emerson Process Managementweb sites, and in printed manuals. Your Emerson Process Management local businesspartner or field sales office (LBP/FSO) can help you obtain the information you need.

Site Preparation and Design for DeltaV Digital Automation Systems covers power andgrounding for M-series and previous releases of SIS products. It also contains valuableinformation such as EMI, ESD, and environmental precautions.

Welcome

1

DeltaV product data sheets include descriptions, features, benefits, specifications, andordering information that are of particular importance to site preparation. Product datasheets are available from LBP/FSO.

DeltaV Books Online and context-sensitive help are embedded in DeltaV system softwareand are viewable after the software has been installed. Manuals needed to install and startup DeltaV products are shipped with the software in Adobe PDF format on the DeltaVDocumentation Library disk. In addition to this manual, manuals included on the DeltaVDocumentation Library disk include:

• DeltaV S-series and CHARMs Hardware Installation describes installation procedures,including details of screw terminal connections on power supplies and carriers.

• DeltaV S-series and CHARMs Hardware Reference contains specifications, wiringdiagrams, dimensions, and other reference information for S-series and CHARMshardware components.

• Getting Started with Your DeltaV Digital Automation System describes startup andoperating procedures.

• Fieldbus Installations in a DeltaV Digital Automation System describes planning forinstalling FOUNDATION Fieldbus systems.

• Installing Your DeltaV Safety Instrumented System Hardware describes installation,including details of screw terminal connections and wiring for smart logic solvers,SISNet repeaters, and other safety instrumentation hardware.

• DeltaV Safety Instrumented System Safety Manual describes how a DeltaV SafetyInstrumented System must be used for it to function as a safety instrumentedsystem.

• SIS Accessories Installation and Safety Manual describes how to properly install theSafety Relay Module and the Voltage Monitor Module.

Printed versions of many of these manuals can be ordered from your LBP/FSO. Users withGuardian or Foundation Support can access the manuals from the support website in PDFformat.

CE statementIf you intend to have your DeltaV system certified for compliance to appropriate EuropeanUnion directives, it must be installed in accordance with procedures described in themanual DeltaV S-series and CHARMs Hardware Installation.

Warning, Caution, Important, and NoteA Warning, Caution, Important, or Note identifies helpful or critical information. The typeof information included in each is:

Welcome

2

WARNING!

Warnings are installation, operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions,statements, and so forth, which if not strictly observed, may result in personal injury or loss oflife.

CAUTION!

Cautions are installation, operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions,statements, and so forth, which if not strictly observed, may result in damage to, ordestruction of, equipment or may cause long term health hazards.

ImportantInformation notices are installation, operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions,statements, and so forth, which if not observed, may result in improper control system operation.

NoteNotes contain installation, operation, or maintenance procedures, practices, conditions, statements,and so forth, which alert you to important information which may make your task easier or increaseyour understanding.

Welcome

3

Welcome

4

2 Introduction

The information in this document helps you to properly connect power and ground toEmerson's CHARMs, S-series, and M-series products. For more information on otheraspects of site preparation please refer to the Site Preparation and Design for DeltaV DigitalAutomation Systems.

We realize that not all applications require the same level of grounding. In particular, sitesthat are mission critical (for example, pharmaceutical batch processes and nuclear powermonitoring),require the highest level of power, ground, and surge integrity andprotection.

Introduction

5

Introduction

6

3 The basic premise

All of the recommendations in this document are based on good engineering practice andapply to any control system. The following principles provide a foundation for systemdesign with respect to mitigating interference issues through power and grounding.

• Power, ground, and surge should always be considered together because theyfrequently interact. A system where power, ground, and surge suppression work inunison provides the most stable system.

• There is not a "magic hole" that we can dump all of our unwanted interference into.However by establishing a stable ground reference (preferably 1 Ω to 3 Ω) for thecontrol system, voltage events such as those caused by facility faults, dramatic loadchanges, or lightning that affect one area of the ground system will not adverselycause issues with the control system's ground reference.

• Noise (interference) always wants to return to its source following the path of leastresistance (Ohm's law)

If differences occur between this manual and local or regional codes and regulations,codes and regulations take precedence.

The basic premise

7

The basic premise

8

4 The reasons for grounding

• Safety ground (protective earth) — protects personnel from injury resulting fromdefective supply feeds. For example, if the insulation of the line side of a 120 VACpower conductor becomes frayed, causing the conductor to be in direct contactwith a properly grounded metal enclosure, a protective interrupt, such as a fuse orcircuit breaker, opens. The ground conductor must be sized as large as themaximum AC conductor feeding the load. This conductor should follow the samepath as the line conductors to their source, that is, first disconnect or separatelyderived source.

• High frequency ground — ground systems that improve signal integrity byreducing noise caused by machinery such as variable speed drives, welders, orcommutated DC motors. Interference and transients from other instrumentationand equipment is also greatly reduced with a properly constructed high frequencyground system. Skin effect causes high frequency signals to travel closer to thesurface of conductors. For this reason only the outermost part of cables actuallycarry the high frequency interference. For example, a 500 KHz signal uses 100% ofthe copper in a 33 AWG wire, but only 36% of the copper in a 19 AWG wire. Highfrequency with respect to control systems often encompasses a broad band offrequencies starting as low as 10 kHz.

• Stable DC reference ground — A low impedance ground (1 Ω to 3 Ω between theground system—triad or plant grid—and earth) maintains the control system at astable reference. Utility power and lightning systems should have their owngrounding systems. For safety reasons all grounds shall be connected together.However, there is finite impedance interconnecting each ground system. There arealso impedance variations between all points of the same system. When a disruptiveevent occurs, a short duration voltage gradient is established at the location wherethe fault makes contact with the localized ground. By assuring that the controlsystem has a low impedance to its DeltaV Instrument Ground (DIG), events thatoccur in one area of the ground system (typically due to lightning, load shifting, orfaulty utilities) that cause a gradient elevation proximal to it does not have assignificant an effect on the DeltaV Instrumentation Ground (DIG) potential.

• Lightning protection — protects property and personnel from lightning strokes.

• Lightning mitigation — protects equipment from induced energy as a result oflightning. This is accomplished through the interconnection and close proximity ofall of the DeltaV grounding systems. All metal enclosures are connected to thesafety ground system. Separately derived systems, such as isolation transformersand UPSs, should be as close to the DeltaV systems as possible. Case studies haveshown that induced energy as a result of lightning strokes has disrupted and evendamaged instrumentation equipment due to variance in ground potentials atmultiple locations. By keeping all metal as closely interconnected as possible withthe safety ground system any induced voltage quickly equalizes. This goal is realizedby multiple eddy current paths, minimizing the need for any single conductor toshunt the equalization current.

The reasons for grounding

9

The reasons for grounding

10

5 Ground cable sizing

DeltaV is a ground referenced system. To maintain high integrity it is important thatcareful consideration be paid to ground conductor sizing. The original site preparationmanual, Site Preparation and Design for DeltaV Digital Automation Systems, lists some typicalmethods of connecting grounding networks. More grounding networks can be found inthe section of this document on Grounding Topologies. Typically for large high-integritysystems, shields are connected to the chassis ground bar. One of the most cost efficientgrounding method uses a star topology with larger conductor sizes at the sections locateda greater distance from the cabinets. The following tables are applicable for all DeltaVproducts. Table 5-1 lists the appropriate wire size with respect to the distance between acabinet and the closest ground bar or between individual ground bars. Cable sizes aredetermined based on the number of I/O points associated with that particular section ofcable. The overall distance from an enclosure to the earthing point at the DeltaVInstrument Ground (DIG) should not exceed 300 feet. The braided cable in Table 5-2 maybe used as an alternative as shown in Table 5-3 for the cable in Table 5-1. Single enclosuresor a group of adjacent enclosures with a relatively small number of I/O points may connectthe chassis ground and the DC ground buses together at the cabinet provided the wiresize, distances, and I/O points are within the specifications listed in Table 5-4.

Ground wire sizing Table 5-1:

I/O points

Cable length (ft)

10 25 50 100 300

64 8 AWG 8 AWG 8 AWG 6 AWG 2 AWG

128 8 AWG 8 AWG 6 AWG 2 AWG 1/0

256 8 AWG 6 AWG 2 AWG 1/0 2/0

512 6 AWG 2 AWG 1/0 2/0 3/0

1024 2 AWG 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0

2048 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 ---

4096 2/0 3/0 4/0 --- ---

8192 3/0 4/0 --- --- ---

Flat-braided PVC-insulated cable alternative Table 5-2:

New England Wire Technolo-gies number Description Certification

N30-36T-762-2ULG 48-22-36 TINNED COPPER FLATBRAID

UL AWM 1680 105C, VNS

N30-30T-652-2UL 48-22-36 TINNED COPPER FLATBRAID

UL AWM 1680 105C, VNS

Ground cable sizing

11

Braided cable system Table 5-3:

I/Opoints

Braided cable length (ft)

10 25 50 100

128 N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-30T-652-2UL

256 N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-30T-652-2UL ---

512 N30-36T-762-2ULG N30-30T-652-2UL --- ---

1024 N30-30T-652-2UL --- --- ---

Single cable length with chassis ground and DC ground connected inenclosure

Table 5-4:

I/O points

Cable length (ft)

10 25 50 100

64 8 AWG 8 AWG 6 AWG 2 AWG

128 8 AWG 6 AWG 2 AWG 1/0

256 6 AWG 2 AWG 1/0 2/0

512 2 AWG 1/0 2/0 3/0

1024 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0

Ground cable sizing

12

6 Establishing and maintaining cleanpowerTopics covered in this chapter:

• Clean power options

• Single AC source

• Two AC sources

To operate your DeltaV system at the highest level of integrity (that is, to maintain thesystem with the least amount of disruptive events due to power anomalies) a properlydesigned power conditioning system should be considered.

Clean-power with respect to alternating current used to power bulk supplies is a term thatdescribes the sinusoidal power that maintains its characteristics with both linear and non-linear loads. Some commonly used standards which address power quality are:

• IEEE Recommended Practice for Monitoring Electric Power Quality

• IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical PowerSystems

• IEC 61000-3-11 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Limitations of voltage changes,voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low voltage supply systems

• IEC 61000-3-12 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Limits for harmonic currentsproduced by equipment connected to public low voltage systems

Tables Table 6-1 and Table 6-2 list the most prevalent factors that influence the quality ofpower. Common causes for power quality issues with corresponding recommendations forcorrective measures can also be found in the tables.

ImportantAny three-phase source, such as transformer or UPS, providing power to a DeltaV system must onlypower DeltaV products, safety systems, or the control system. Therefore, no VFDs, HVAC, motors,fans, compressors, ballasts, and so on shall be connected to any output phase of a transformer orUPS that is also used to power the DeltaV system.

Potentially disruptive power issues typically solved with a UPSTable 6-1:

Type of interference Possible effectCommon cau-ses

Preventivemeasures Comment

Interruptions DeltaV restart Utility faults,load switching,breaker trips,or equipmentfailures

UPS DeltaV systems powered withEmerson bulk power suppliesare able to withstand power in-terruptions up to 20 ms.

Establishing and maintaining clean power

13

Potentially disruptive power issues typically solved with a UPS (continued)Table 6-1:


Preventivemeasures Comment

Sag Possible DeltaVrestart if volt-age drops be-low lower pow-er supply limit.

Start-up loadsdrawing exces-sive current,equipmentfaults

UPS DeltaV systems powered withEmerson bulk power suppliesare able to withstand sags upto 20 ms.

Undervoltage Loss of powerto the DeltaVsystem.

Utility faults orload changes

UPS DeltaV powered with Emersonbulk power supplies are able towithstand loss of power up to20 ms.

Swell Possible powersupply damageif voltage re-mains at in-creased levelsgreater thanpower supplylimit.

Loads shifting,utility faults

UPS

Overvoltage Possible powersupply damageif voltage re-mains at in-creased levelsgreater thanpower supplylimit

Loads shifting,utility faults

UPS

Power quality issues solved with high quality UPSTable 6-2:


Preventive meas-ures Comment

Impulse transient Impulse transi-ents in excessof 1500 V maydestroy chan-nel or system iftransient is onpower feeds.

Lightningcausing volt-age gradientsin excess of1500 V.

Appropriate surgeprotection devices(SPD) should beconsidered. TheSPD should be sizedfor the worst surgearea that either thepower or shieldsenter.

Typically, bulk suppliesare certified to have ei-ther double or rein-forced insulation towithstand 1500V. TheDeltaV system is pro-tected with transientvoltage suppression to1500V.


14

Power quality issues solved with high quality UPS (continued)Table 6-2:


Preventive meas-ures Comment

Oscillatory transient Data loss withpossible dam-age.

Overall systemresponse toimpulse orload switchingfrom inductiveor capacitiveloads.

Double conversionUPS with filtering.

EFI/RMI noise Data loss, sys-tem corrup-tion.

Transmitters,faulty equip-ment, ineffec-tive ground-ing, closeproximity toEMI/RFIsource.

Isolation transform-er ( common mode< 1.5MHz), filter(normal Node 10KHz to 10 MHz)UPS with filteredoutput

Notching Data loss, sys-tem corrup-tion.

Variable fre-quency drives,welders, light-ing.

Filters or UPS withfiltered output.

Isolate VFD's, Never al-low generating devi-ces, such as VFD's, touse the same powerfeed or an adjacent legon a three phase sys-tem.

Harmonics Overheatingwhich canshorten the lifeof power sup-plies.

Non-linearloads.

Could correct at thesource with Activeharmonic filter, K-factor transform-ers, power factorcorrection supplies

A double conversion uninterruptible power supply can also mitigate most power qualityissues.

Isolation transformers are an excellent means to significantly reduce common mode noise,typically up to 750 KHz. The isolation transformer also allows for a separately derivedsource of power that creates a stable ground reference point in close proximity with theDeltaV system. Filters are a readily-available solution for normal-mode noise reduction inthe range of a few hertz up to 10 MHz. Surge suppressor/filters are also available toprevent surge voltages from indirect lightning or large upstream power faults fromdamaging control equipment in addition to minimizing normal-mode noise. A powerquality evaluation of the site can easily determine the best solution to meet your individualrequirements.

UPSs that supply power to control systems should be double conversion types. Typically,their input voltage is provided from low voltage (100 VAC to 600 VAC) feeders, with either


15

single or three-phase power. The AC power from the source is rectified to DC and used asleveling power to maintain batteries or to supply energy for a flywheel. The inverter stageproduces the AC sine wave output using power from the DC storage section - batteries or aflywheel. Only use UPSs that reproduce high quality sine waves. Some UPSs producemodified sine waves that are rich in harmonics and detrimental to control systems.

ImportantAny UPS supplying power to the DeltaV system shall be of the double conversion type, with aninverter stage which produces harmonic free sinusoidal output waveforms. Never use a UPS thatproduces modified sine waves.

Most UPSs provide a degree of protection from power failure, power sag, and powersurges. However, some UPSs provide an excellent solution for most of the power qualityissues found in Table 6-2. A bypass transformer with static switchover allowing for UPSmaintenance is either supplied as an integral component or can be connected externally tothe UPS. When selecting the bypass transformer note that if the UPS used is the type whichprovides the cleanest power, then a shielded bypass transformer would be a better choicethan a standard transformer.

Some UPSs provide three-phase output power. When using a UPS with a three-phaseoutput, all phases should be connected only to the control system and to non-interferingequipment. Never connect one phase to the DeltaV system and another phase to a VFD.

Isolation transformers have been successfully used for many years to supply clean-powerfor control systems, medical systems, and computer centers. The Isolation transformeralso provides a location to establish a separately derived ground.

For a comparison of the attenuation benefits for the various degrees of shielding availablesee Table 6-3. In addition to the common-mode rejection provided by isolationtransformers, many transformers can be purchased with filters on their output stage. Thefilter attenuates the normal-mode noise. Shielded transformers with filtered outputsprovide noise reduction from a few hertz to up to 750 KHz in both common and normalmode.

Transformer attenuationTable 6-3:

Type of shielding Attenuation ratio Typical attenuation

No shield 10:1 12 dB to 20 dB

Single shield 1000:1 50 dB to 60 dB

Double shield 10,000:1 65 dB to 90 dB

Triple shield 100,000:1 90 dB to 120 dB

Most industrial applications share power with a wide variety of devices including largemotors, furnaces, large lighting systems, and HVAC systems. Control applications that cantolerate disruptive events require little or limited consideration with respect to the PowerDistribution Unit (PDU). However, if the application requires a high degree of consistentsystem integrity with minimal disruption, then the proper PDU should be used. Figure 6-1 isa tool to help determine the most economical and effective configuration for your site's ACpower requirements with respect to interruptions and noise mitigation.


16

Clean power optionsThere are a number of ways to provide clean power. To find the correct solution for yoursite, follow the flowchart in Figure 6-1 and choose the proper options below.

AC power source flowchartFigure 6-1:

Is Power Failure, Sag, or Surge

present?

Is Noise, which couldpotentially cause disruptive

events present?

Yes, use a UPSNo

Is Noise, which couldpotentially cause disruptive

events, present?

Evaluate Power needs for

DeltaV Site

Use UPS(s) with at least

Power FailurePower SagPower SurgeUndervoltage protectionOvervoltage Protection

No

Use UPS(s) with

Power FailurePower SagPower SurgeUndervoltage protectionOvervoltage ProtectionLine noise eliminationFrequency variation correctionSwitching Transient filterHarmonic Interference filter

Yes

Is Power Source in close proximity

(< 100 m) to DeltaV?

No

Use Transformer or UPS(s) to Establish a Separately

derived ground reference at DeltaV DIG

No

Chose Number of AC Sources required

Use an Isolation Transformerand Suppressor/Filter or Filter in close proximity to Bulk Supply

Or

Use UPS(s) with

Power FailurePower SagPower SurgeUndervoltage protectionOvervoltage ProtectionLine noise eliminationFrequency variation correctionSwitching Transient filterHarmonic Interference filter

Yes

Is Noise at Frequencies > 10KHz

a present?

Yes

Use anIsolation Transformer

Yes

No


17

CAUTION!

When NOT using a separately derived ground system with interference levels equal to or lowerthan stipulated in EN 61000-3-12 and EN 61000-3-11 and when no noise such as described in Table 6-1 and Table 6-2 is present, then at no time following the installation of DeltaV shallinterference be permitted if high integrity is desired.

Single AC source

Option A

Highest integrity

• UPS with the following features:

- Neutral/ground bond point to establish a separately derived ground reference

- Power failure, power sag, and power surge protection

- Capable of regulating under-voltage and over-voltage input power

- Line noise elimination, frequency variation correction, switching transient filterharmonic interference filter

• UPS to DeltaV cabinet distance of less than 100 meters

• Surge suppressor/filter prior to bulk supply

• Bypass isolated transformer with single isolated shielding

• Power lines in armored cable or metal conduit (optional)

Option B






• Surge suppressor/filter prior to bulk supply (optional if signal shields are not locatedin Zone 0 or Zone 1 lightning area)



Option C

• Isolation transformer

• Neutral/ground bond point to establish a separately derived ground reference

• Transformer to DeltaV cabinet distance of less than 100 meters



18


Option D (clean-power: AC source <100 m)



Option E (clean-power: AC source < 300m)


• Power lines in armored cable or metal conduit

Two AC sourcesOption F

Highest integrity

AC source 1 and 2










Option G

Highest integrity

AC source 1









19



AC source 2






Option H

AC sources 1 and 2






Option I (clean-power: AC source < 100m)

AC sources 1 and 2

• Surge suppressor/filter prior to bulk supplies (optional if signal shields are notlocated in Zone 0 or Zone 1 lightning area)


Option J (clean-power: AC source < 300m)

AC sources 1 and 2

• Surge suppressor/filter prior to bulk supplies

• Power lines in armored cable or metal conduit


20

7 DeltaV power and grounding optionsTopics covered in this chapter:

• S-series

• CHARMs

• SIS

• Multiple Distributed Enclosures: Power and Grounding Schemes

• Floating AC and high-resistance ground

DeltaV systems are certified as Separated or Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) systems. AnSELV system is "an extra-low voltage system which is electrically isolated from the earthand from other systems in such a way that a single fault cannot give rise to the risk ofelectric shock."(1) Therefore, the DeltaV DC reference ground maintains a stable low noisereference for the DeltaV signal returns and DC power supply commons.

S-seriesPower and grounding of the DeltaV S-series is connected in a manner similar to that of theM-series products. To convert AC power to the 24 VDC power required for products suchas S-series system power supplies, CHARM I/O Card (CIOC), Safety Integrated System (SIS)products, and DC field power, a bulk power configuration as shown in Figure 7-1 producesa high-integrity solution. It is sometimes preferable to create a separate AC to DC panelthat is only accessible by qualified electricians. If an S-series system only contains DC I/Ocards, then field technicians can service the DeltaV panels without working near highervoltage AC sources.

Typically, the 100 VAC to 230 VAC at 50 Hz or 60 Hz is supplied from power disconnectpanels fed from double conversion uninterruptable power supplies (UPS) or throughisolation transformers to the AC panel. A sufficiently sized disconnect is usually locatedprior to each bulk power supply. The two bulk supplies of Figure 7-1 are then fed into a dualredundancy module to power the DeltaV system bus. If one of the AC feeds fails or one ofthe bulk power supplies fails, the redundancy module shifts the load to the remainingpower supply. However, the configuration of Figure 7-1 allows for the possibility of up totwo separate single points of failure:

• the Dual Redundancy Module

• if only one DeltaV System Power supply was used as shown in Figure 7-2, then thesingle system power supply is also a single point of failure.

All configurations should be weighed from a cost-benefit perspective. Therefore, if thehighest integrity S-series system is required the combination of a power panel as shown in Figure 7-3 with the redundant S-series system of Figure 7-4 should be used. The two-widewith redundant system supplies provides injected power allowing the maximum currentfor a total of 15 A on an S-series node.

(1) BS 7671:2008 Requirements for Electrical Installations, IET Wiring Regulations 17th Edition, 2008

DeltaV power and grounding options

21

Typical power panel for DeltaV systemsFigure 7-1:

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

CB1 CB2 CB3 CB4

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS2

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS3

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS4

Field Power+24VDC

DeltaV Power+24VDC

PrimaryAC Power

SecondaryAC Power

PE

Enclosure (A)

Enclosure (C)

Enclosure (B)

Enclosure PE Ground Lug

Enclosure Door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimum

Enclosure (A)

Enclosure (C)

Enclosure (B)

Input 1

DC 24-28V

40A

Input 2

DC 24-28V

40A

OutputMax.80A

Chassis

Ground

Dual

Redundancy

Module

+ –

+ – + –

Input 1

DC 24-28V

40A

Input 2

DC 24-28V

40A

OutputMax.80A

Chassis

Ground

Dual

Redundancy

Module

+ –

+ – + –

NoteThe 24 VDC return (-) terminal of the power supplies must be connected to DeltaV DC ground. This isaccomplished as shown in Figure 7-2 from the bused DC ground wire connected to the DC groundbus.


22

S-series power and groundingFigure 7-2:

Field

Power+24VDC

DeltaV

Power+24VDC

… Field Devices as required

14 AWG

Chassis Ground

(CG)DC Ground

Isolated Bus


Enclosure door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimum To DIG To DIG

14

AWG

Jumper

Jumper

Jumper

Jumper


23

High integrity redundant power panel for DeltaV systemsFigure 7-3:

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

Fuse T

B

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS2

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS3

AC

100-240V

N+ + ––

L

Parallel

Single

+24VDC

960W/1440W

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS4

DeltaVField Power

+24VDC

Primary DeltaV Power

+24VDC

PrimaryAC Power

SecondaryAC Power

PE


Enclosure Door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimumTo DIG

CB1 CB2 CB3 CB4

Input 1

DC 24-28V

40A

Input 2

DC 24-28V

40A

OutputMax.80A

Chassis

Ground

Dual

Redundancy

Module

+ –

+ – + –

SecondaryDeltaV Power

+24VDC


24

NoteThe 24 VDC return (-) terminal of the power supplies shall be connected to DeltaV DC ground. This isaccomplished as shown in Figure 7-4 from the DC ground wire connected to the DC ground bus.


25

S-series redundant power and groundingFigure 7-4: Field Power

+24VDC

Field Devices as required

Primary

DeltaV Power

+24VDC

14 AWG

14 AWG

14 AWG

Secondary

DeltaV Power

+24VDC

Chassis Ground

(CG)

DC Ground

Isolated Bus


Enclosure door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimum To DIG To DIG

Jumper

Jumper

Jumper

14 AWG


26

CHARMsBecause CHARMs are typically used in remote locations they usually have dedicated localredundant power supplies. If CHARM I/O subsystems are powered from AC sources, thepower must be very clean. This clean-power is usually obtained by isolation transformerslocated in close proximity to the CHARM cabinet. It may be advantageous to use UPSs or acombination of a UPS for the primary power and an isolation transformer for the secondarypower. In addition to the UPS and isolation transformers, surge suppressors can be locatedjust before each bulk power supply. Most power surges are assumed to originate fromlightning. However, it is estimated that in an industrial environment 80% of disruptivesurges originate from the industrial power and equipment. Figure 7-5 shows one of thehighest integrity CHARM systems with respect to power and ground. The typical distancebetween the separately derived AC power source and the CHARM cabinet should be 100meters or less. To greatly reduce any chance of interfering noise coupling into the power-feed, use conductive metal conduit or armored cable between the separately derivedsource (UPSs or Isolation Transformers) and the CHARM enclosure.

ImportantCHARM extender cables DO NOT extend the shield bar from one group of baseplates to the next.Baseplate shields are connected to the Chassis Ground (CG) using 14 AWG wire from the AddressPlug terminal connection or the end terminator connection point. If extender cables are used andshielded signal cables are located on baseplates on both sides of the extender cables, separate shieldcables must be connected to the CG bar from each set of baseplates.


27

Highest integrity power and grounding for a CHARM enclosureFigure 7-5:

AC 100-240V

DC ok

N L

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

AC 100-240V

DC ok

N L

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

Isolated Bus

CHARM Enclosure

CB1 CB1

Communications with

DeltaV Should be

connected via Fiber-

optic cable for distance

exceeding 200 ft.

ChassisGround

(CG)

DC Ground

Follow LocalCodes

Follow LocalCodes

Follow LocalCodes

See Table 1for cable size

IsolationTransformer


N

G

N

G

N

G

exceeding 200 ft.

DIG

Wire sized equal

or greater than

maximum power

feed

Building Steel

N

O

N

C

C

O

MG N L L GN

Filter/Surge

Suppression

Device

N

O

N

C

C

O

MG N L L GN

Filter/Surge

Suppression

Device

AC Feed 1

AC Feed 2

If the distance to the AC power source is short (less than a few meters); communication tothe DeltaV controller is through fiber; and there is no galvanic connection to any otherfield devices, then the chassis ground and DC ground can be connected together insidethe cabinet. This permits the use of one cable from the junction box (JB) to the next groundlocation. For example, if the optically isolated CHARM junction box (JB) is attached to thesteel girder on a drilling rig with the transformers also mounted to the steel directly underthe JB, then weld the ground bar to the steel close to the transformers to establish both aseparately derived safety ground and a JB DC ground. It is also optimal to maintain a lengthof less than 100 meters for the shielded signal wires in addition to assuring that signalwires are not in close proximity to interfering sources.


28

High integrity power and grounding for CHARM enclosureFigure 7-6:

N L N L

N

G

N

G

AC 100-240V

DC ok

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

AC 100-240V

DC ok

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

DIG

Isolated Bus

Wire sized equalor greater than

maximum powerfeed

CHARM Enclosure

CB1 CB1

Communications with

DeltaV Should be



exceeding 200 ft.

AC Feed 1

Building Steel

ChassisGround

(CG)

DC Ground

Follow LocalCodes

Follow LocalCodes

Follow LocalCodes

See Table 1for cable size



AC Feed 2


29

Power and grounding for CHARM enclosure with clean powerFigure 7-7:

N L N L

AC 100-240V

DC ok

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

AC 100-240V

DC ok

AC/DCPowerSupply

PS2

DIG

Isolated Bus

CHARM Enclosure

CB1 CB1

Communications with

DeltaV Should be



exceeding 200 ft.

Building Steel

ChassisGround

(CG)

DC Ground

Follow Local

Codes

See Table 1

for cable size

Power should be at or better than stated in

EN 61000-3-12

EN 61000-3-11

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-12:

Limits for harmonic currents produced

by equipment connected to public low-

voltage systems with input current >16 A

and ≤75 A per phase

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 3-11:

Limitation of voltage changes, voltage

fluctuations and flicker in public low-

voltage supply systems – Equipment

with rated current ≤75 A and subject to

conditional connection

Ground connection from Power Source

not necessary if power is controlled

with an Active Harmonic Filter

A separately derived ground is maintained by the use of a DC/DC power converter. TheDC/DC converter also assures criteria A is maintained as stated in IEC 60000-4-29. Figure 7-8 shows the placement of the DC/DC supplies when the converters are not locatedin the CHARM enclosure and Figure 7-9 depicts the typical configuration when the DC/DCconverters are located in the same enclosure as the CHARM system.


30

Remote DC solution for CHARM power and groundingFigure 7-8:

Output Nominal

+24VDC 10 A

Input

+18-32VDC 10 A

DC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

Output Nominal

+24VDC 10 A

Input

+18-32VDC 10 A

DC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

Isolated Bus

Up to 100 ft.

CHARM Enclosure

CB1

Communications with

DeltaV should be



exceeding 200 ft.

ChassisGround

(CG)

DC Ground

Follow Local

Codes for

PE Ground

+24VDC

Nominal

See Table 1

for cable size

DIG

Building Steel

CB1


31

Localized DC solution for CHARM power and groundingFigure 7-9:

Output Nominal

+24VDC 10 A

Input

+18-32VDC 10 A

DC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

Output Nominal

+24VDC 10 A

Input

+18-32VDC 10 A

DC/DCPowerSupply

PS1

Isolated Bus

CHARM Enclosure

CB1

Communications with

DeltaV should be



exceeding 200 ft.

Chassis Ground (CG)DC Ground

Follow Local

Codes for

PE Ground

+24VDC

Nominal

+24VDC

Nominal

See Table 1 for cable size

DIG

Building Steel

CB1

SISThe M-series SIS products are easily integrated into an S-series system by connecting theSIS adaptor module either to the right of the S-Series 2-wide carrier, after the S-series8-wide carrier, or after the S-series left extender. DC power with the highest integrity isprovided as shown in #unique_23/fig_CECEFAAD704F48C4A803FE4F62162F82. Two AC/DC


32

power supplies are combined through a redundancy module to feed the 24 VDC to onegroup of SLSs or SISNet Repeaters while two other AC/DC power supplies through anotherredundancy module provide the DC power for the SLSs or SISNet Repeaters partners (see Figure 7-11). Whenever possible it is preferable to run the 24 VDC positive and 24 VDCreturn together as a twisted pair. When the power is brought to the SIS panel as in Figure 7-11, both groups of DC returns may be bused together at the terminal blocks.


33

Power supply configuration

Typical SLS power panel with maximum supply redundancyFigure 7-10:

PS1

Secondary SLS Power

24VDC

CB1

PS2

CB2

PS1

N L

AC 100-

240V

Parallel

Single

DC 24V

960W/1440W

AC/DC

Power

Supply

Input 1

DC 24-28V

40A

Input 2

DC 24-28V

40A

Output

Max.

80A

Chassis

Ground

Dual

Redundancy

Module

N L

AC 100-

240V

Parallel

Single

DC 24V

960W/1440W

AC/DC

Power

Supply

Fuse

TB

PS3

CB3

PS4

CB4

PS3

N L

AC 100-

240V

Parallel

Single

DC 24V

960W/1440W

AC/DC

Power

Supply

Input 1

DC 24-28V

40A

Input 2

DC 24-28V

40A

Output

Max.

80A

Chassis

Ground

Dual

Redundancy

ModulePS4

N L

AC 100-

240V

Parallel

Single

DC 24V

960W/1440W

AC/DC

Power

Supply

Fus e

TB

Primary SLS Power

24VDC

Primary

AC Power

Secondary

AC Power

PE

6 AWG minimum

G N L L GN

N

O

N

C

C

O

M

Filter/

Surge

Suppression

Device

G N L L GN

N

O

N

C

C

O

M

Filter/

Surge

Suppression

Device

G N L L GN

N

O

N

C

C

O

M

Filter/

Surge

Suppression

Device

G N L L GN

N

O

N

C

C

O

M

Filter/

Surge

Suppression

Device

Note 1) Use either a combined Suppressor Filter

Module or a Type II or Type III Surge

Suppressor followed by a Filter sized

appropriatelyEnclosure PE Ground LugEnclosure doorAdjacent Enclosure

To DIG


34

NoteConnect the 24 VDC return (-) terminal of the power supplies to DeltaV DC ground. This isaccomplished as shown in Figure 7-11 from the bused DC ground wire connected to the DC Groundbus.


35

Incorporating M-series SLS into S-series

SLS highest integrity power and groundingFigure 7-11:

ROW 1

+24VDC

Return

+24VDC

Primary

ROW 1 ROW NROW N

ROW 1

+24VDC

Return

+24VDC

Primary

ROW 1 ROW NROW N

ROW 1

SLS 1B

ROW N

SLS 1A

ROW N

SLS 1B

ROW N

SLS 2A

ROW N

SLS 2B

ROW N

SLS 3A

ROW N

SLS 3B

ROW N

SLS 4A

ROW N

SLS 4B

ROW N

SIS-NET

1A

ROW N

SIS-NET

1B

ROW 1

SLS 2B

ROW 1

SLS 1B

ROW 1

SLS 2B

ROW 1

SLS 3B

ROW 1

SLS 4B

ROW 1

SLS 3B

ROW 1

SLS 4B

32 Logic Solvers Total

Row N

14 AWG

Isolated Bus

Chassis Ground (CG)

Install 120 ohm

terminators on

one-wide carrier

DC Ground


Enclosure door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimumTo DIGTo DIG

SLS Power

Primary

+24VDC

SLS

Secondary

+24VDC

DeltaV

Power

+24VDC

14

AWG

Size wire

per max.

current

capacity


36

Figure 7-12 shows an option for powering a redundant SLS safety system from one pair ofredundant power supplies where the redundancy is provided from two AC/DC powersupplies that are combined through a redundancy module as seen in one group in #unique_23/fig_CECEFAAD704F48C4A803FE4F62162F82. Ground the SIS power supplyreturn, DeltaV power supply return, and system power supply return at the DC ground bus.

SLS high integrity power and groundingFigure 7-12:

32 Logic Solvers Total

SLS Power

+24VDC

DeltaV

Power

+24VDC

14

AWG

Size wire

per max.

current

capacity

ROW 1

+24VDC

Return

ROW 1 ROW NROW N

+24VDC

Row N

14 AWG

Isolated Bus

Chassis Ground (CG)

DC Ground


Enclosure door

Adjacent Enclosure 6 AWG minimumTo DIGTo DIG

Install 120 ohm

terminators on

one-wide carrier


37

NoteThe 24 VDC that powers the railbus through the system power supply should be a separate powersource from the 24 VDC power supplying the SIS products if S-series cards and SIS cards are in thesame system. However, if the entire DeltaV system consists of the system power supplies,controllers, and safety products (Logic Solvers and SISNet Repeaters) then the controller and safetysystem power can be supplied from the same power source.

Multiple Distributed Enclosures: Power andGrounding Schemes

Grounding with multiple distributed enclosuresFigure 7-13:

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

yp

ass

Sw

itch

N

G

Secondary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

Isolated BusBuilding Steel

Building Steel

DIG

Instrument Enclosure 1

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

1

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

1

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC


Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

2

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

2

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

Instrument Enclosure N

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

N

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

N

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

E

Power Disconnect Panel

1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 2

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

yp

ass

Sw

itch

N

G

Primary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

E


1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 1

Shield

Bar

Shield

Bar

Shield

Bar


38

Any DeltaV system (M-series, S-series, or CHARMs) can be configured as shown in Figure 7-13. The highest integrity system has both UPSs located in the same area as all ofthe DeltaV enclosures. An equally high integrity configuration would have one UPS andone filtered isolation transformer in addition to surge suppressors in all of the enclosures.The ground bus-bar shown in Figure 7-13 and Figure 7-14 located just prior to the DIG onlyrequires one conductor leading to the actual earth ground point.

For example, on a multi-story building or platform, as the DeltaV grounds leave the floor,both the DC ground and chassis ground are connected to a common ground that is eitherwelded to building steel or bolted using conductive grease on the bonding surfaces tobuilding steel. The vertical ground run to the actual DeltaV instrument ground only needsto be a single cable sized as shown in Table 5-1 or Table 5-4. If the total length exceeds 300feet then the 4/0 cable is adequate. In addition, if the DeltaV equipment is located in amultistory structure every other floor can be connected together.

Close proximity enclosures with chassis and DC grounds togetherFigure 7-14:

6 AWG minimum

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

ypass

Sw

itch

N

G

Secondary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

Building Steel

DIG


Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

1

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

1

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

Shield

Bar

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC


Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

2

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

2

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

Shield

Bar

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

Instrument Enclosure N

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

N

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

N

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

Shield

Bar

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

EPower Disconnect Panel

1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 2

N

G

Isolation Transformer

Filt

er

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

E


1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 1

6 AWG minimum 6 AWG minimum


39

If the I/O count is relatively small (less than 100 I/O points) or the cost benefit evaluationresults in the system not requiring the highest integrity, then the chassis ground may beconnected as shown in Figure 7-14.

Enclosure grounding with adjacent baysFigure 7-15:

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

yp

ass

Sw

itch

N

G

Secondary UPS

Rectifier Inverter


Enclosire 2

Enclosure 3

Building Steel

DIG

Enclosure 1 Bay 1

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

1

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

1

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

Enclosure 1 Bay 2

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

2

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

2

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

Enclosure 1 Bay N

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

N

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

N

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

E


1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 2

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

yp

ass

Sw

itch

N

G

Primary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

NE

UT

RA

L

GR

OU

ND

LIN

E


1

2

N

AC Secondary 1

AC Secondary 2

AC Secondary N

AC Feed 1

Shield

Bar

Shield

Bar

Shield

Bar

When multiple enclosures are physically connected together and the highest groundintegrity is desired as shown in Figure 7-15, then the chassis reference buses may beinterconnected to each other. The DC ground buses are also interconnected. This methodcan be used for up to four adjacent bays. It is best to use a center bay for theinterconnection between the enclosure structure and the external ground bus.


40

Figure 7-16 and Figure 7-17 show examples where multi-paired cables are brought to aDeltaV cabinet in a type of homerun cable with either conductive armor or metaljacketing.

CAUTION!

The overall conductive surface of metallic or armored cable must always be connected to thesafety ground system in a DeltaV enclosure. Follow local codes and regulations.

Highest integrity cable shielding solutionFigure 7-16:


Grounds from

other Enclosures

Building Steel

DIG

Instrument Enclosure

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

1

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

1

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

DeltaV

Shield

Bar

Armored and screened

instrument cables from the field

ARMORED/METAL shielding

Ground from

Separately

Derived AC

source

Figure 7-16 shows the overall armored or metal jacket connected to the DeltaV chassisground bar, which is in turn connected to building steel and protective earth. Theindividual cable shields inside the armored bundle are typically connected to the DeltaVshield bar, which is also connected to the chassis ground reference.


41

Localized systems on welded metal structure with minimal external influencesFigure 7-17:

Isolated Bus

6 AWG minimum

2 AWG

Welded to

Building Steel

Grounds from

other Enclosures

Instrument Enclosure

Chassis

Ground

(CG)

Enclosure

door

Enclosure PE

Ground Lug

AC

Secondary

1

DeltaV

Primary

Power

+24VDC

AC

Primary

1

DeltaV

Secondary

Power

+24VDC

DC

Ground

Isolated

Bus

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

N

L

PE+24VDC

+24VDC

DeltaV

Shield

Bar

Armored and screened

instrument cables from the field

ARMORED/METAL shielding

Ground from

Separately

Derived AC

source

Figure 7-17 represents a special case where an entire structure is considered to be at anequipotential. One example is a floating platform. Other reasons for connecting theshields as shown in Figure 7-17 are as follows:

• This maintains the separately derived AC power sources in close proximity to theenclosures (within 100 meters)

• The individual signal shield should not be in areas of high noise susceptibility, that is,not in close proximity to VFDs or in any lightning zone 0 or zone 1 without signalsurge protection.

• The maximum distance from any enclosure to its corresponding external ground barshould be 100 feet.

Use Table 5-4 to determine the ground conductor sizing.

Floating AC and high-resistance groundRemoving the connection of AC ground to the dedicated DeltaV instrument ground alsochanges the way in which the AC power distribution system must be grounded. The ACpower and grounding system can be designed with floating or high-resistive grounds(HRG), in accordance with applicable electrical codes. The DeltaV DC power must remainsolidly grounded. The controller and I/O components are certified based on the prescribedgrounding of the equipment.

ImportantDeltaV AC discrete I/O products are tested and certified for use with solidly grounded AC systemsand should not be used on a floating or high-resistive ground. However, isolated AC channels arepermitted.


42

The Emerson bulk power supplies are capable of providing up to 1500 VDC of isolationfrom the AC power source, and they must be installed per the manufacturer's instructions.AC power and grounding is governed by the applicable codes and regulations and isindependent of the DeltaV DC power requirements.

NoteIf an HRG or a floating AC power is used to power a DeltaV bulk power supply, a Surge SuppressionDevice (SPD) with filters is recommended immediately prior to the bulk power supply.

ImportantA re-strike transient is produced in many HRG systems which introduces a transient. This re-striketransient is generated from the system when a ground fault occurs in an attempt to isolate the legwith the fault. Use adequate filtering to preclude detrimental affects to DeltaV systems.


43


44

8 Grounding topologiesTopics covered in this chapter:

• Star or single-point ground

• Mesh star ground network

• Hybrid star mesh ground network

Equipotential ground: Every location within the grounding network is at the samepotential voltage. This is the ideal solution for any grounded system. There are manygrounding methods which work very well to achieve this goal. IEC 60364-4-44 Low-voltageelectrical installations - Part 4-44: Protection for safety - Protection against voltage disturbancesand electromagnetic disturbances is an excellent source for grounding topologies. Whenconnecting ground cables excessive service loops should be avoided. The ground cablesshould be in as direct a path as possible. When crossing power lines, the separation shouldbe as great as possible and at right angles to the power cables.

Star or single-point groundDeltaV functions extremely well using a Star Grounding topology as shown in Figure 8-1.

Grounding topologies

45

Single-point star grounding systemFigure 8-1:

Welded to

building steel

DIG

Mesh star ground networkMany control systems today are preassembled in structures with raised floors. This type ofinstallation facilitates a mesh star ground system as shown in Figure 8-2. When connectingthe DeltaV chassis ground to the mesh, the ground cable or ground straps should be as


46

short as possible. Mesh squares must be no less than two meters per side(1). All meshcrossings should be exothermically welded or tightly bolted, maintaining corrosion freejoints with a typical Joint resistance of 500 µ Ω(2).

Mesh star ground networkFigure 8-2:

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

ypass

Sw

itch

N

G

Secondary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

N

G


Filt

er

Welded toBuildingSteel


DIG

(1) IEC 60364-4-44, Low-voltage Electrical Installations Part 4-44: Protection for safety - Protection against voltage disturbances andelectromagnetic disturbances, Ed. 2.0, 2007

(2) IEEE Standard 1100-2005, Recommended Practice for Power and Grounding Electronic Equipment (Emerald Book)


47

Hybrid star mesh ground network

Hybrid star mesh ground networkFigure 8-3:

Bypass

Transformer

Battery Bank or

Flywheel Storage

Sta

tic B

ypa

ss

Sw

itch

N

G

Secondary UPS

Rectifier Inverter

N

G


Filt

er



DIG


48

Appendix AInterference and transients

Topics covered in this appendix:

• Static (capacitive) coupling

• Voltage differentials

• Inductive coupling

Static (capacitive) couplingStatic coupled interference is the result of noise coupling to instrumentation and thesignal's shield being in close proximity to the noise source. The following figure is asimplified illustration of two return paths on which capacitive coupled interference travels.The dashed return path through DeltaV represents the path noise takes when the shieldsare tied to the isolated instrument ground. The noise returns to the location where thechassis ground and DC ground is first connected to building steel. At that point a parallelpath is established. Some current will travel through building steel with the remainderfollowing the copper to steel, then to its source.

• Noise wants to return to its source following the path of least resistance.

• Steel is 10 times more resistive than copper

• However, due to the skin effect and the multiple paths in the steel, the path throughsteel is 4.5 time less resistive overall than the copper path.

Interference that is caused by static coupling is common in industrial applications. Itoccurs from noise originating from the commutation of motors; the rapid switching ofSCRs and IGBTs when variable frequency drives recreate sine waves to control motorspeed; and tooling such as welders.

By connecting the shields to building steel, noise returns to its source more efficiently.

Interference and transients

49

Static coupled interference return paths from motor noiseFigure A-1: Capacitive

Coupled Noise

to signal shield

Steel Floor

Plant

Ground

Grid

DeltaV Instrument

Ground Bonding

Point

Noise

Elevation

at Motor

KEY

Return path thru DeltaV

Return path thru Steel

Chassis Ground

Voltage differentialsVoltage differentials occur as a result of many events common to industry, such aslightning, utility failures, and equipment failures. For example, if lightning strikes on oneside of a structure and DeltaV signal wires travel into the area near the lightning stroke,then static coupling can be induced on signal shields even if the associated DeltaVenclosure is in a different part of the structure. Figure A-2 represents a fault at time equalszero that establishes a voltage differential in a facility.


50

Static coupled from Voltage Differential faultFigure A-2:

Building Steel

Bonding Points

Voltage Differential from

1) Utility Fault

2) Equipment Fault

3) Lightning

Steel

Structure

Plant

Ground

Grid DeltaV Instrument

Ground Bonding

Point

Instrument

Enclosure

Noise

Elevation

from Fault

KEY



Chassis Ground

Signal Wire Shield

Typically, voltage differential faults that result from equipment failure, utility faults, orlightning create a transient signal which subsides with a type a diminishing ring similar tothe gate function (sin(x)/x). However, the decay more closely resembles a zero orderBessel function. Since noise attempts to return to its source, the actual elevation inimpulse voltage at one area establishes a differential with respect to more remotelocations. Multiple paths through steel and copper grounds eventually equalize due to theheating (I2 •R) losses throughout the numerous return eddy paths.

Inductive couplingWhen signal wires are in close proximity to high current conductors, such as the downconductor on a lightning system, lightning strikes induce a current on its air terminal andpossibly the signal conductors too. A voltage differential is established on the wire andground system which dissipates through numerous eddy current paths as the inducedinterference attempts to return to its source. The most direct path is the one in which theshield is connected to building steel as close as possible.

Industry example: A 55 KV precipitator used to covert ash into small pellets that can becollected was located at the top of a multistory chimney. The ground conductor was anexposed copper wire traversing the length of the chimney into the ground grid. Thisground cable was also connected to building steel on every floor. A signal cable was run inparallel to the precipitator's ground wire, which caused a 90 VPP transient to be coupledonto the signal during the precipitation process. This coupling process was due toinductive coupling as shown in Figure A-3.


51

Inductive coupling from down-conductor into signal cableFigure A-3:

DeltaV DIG

KEY



Chassis Ground

Instrument

Enclosure

Precipitator

Ground

Cable from

Precipitator

Bonding

Points to

Building Steel

Temperature Signal

Inductive

Coupled

Interference

Signal Cable


52

Appendix BHigh integrity ground systems

Highest integrity systems have shieldsconnected to chassis groundPerform a cost/benefit evaluation when choosing the proper location to land the shielddrain wires. There is a definite cost savings associated with connecting both the DC groundand the Chassis Ground (CG) together. This requires only one functional groundconnection to the DeltaV Instrumentation Ground (DIG). If however, the highest integrityground system yielding the least amount of disruptive events is required, then the shieldsshould be connected to the CG for the following reasons:

• Noise wants to return to its source following the path of least resistance (refer to SeeAppendix A)

• Scientific evidence confirms that noise on shields connected to DC ground adverselyinfluences system integrity. The Pin one problem first recognized by Neil Muncy anddocumented in his 1994 Audio Engineering Society paper has been confirmed inmultiple studies. Although this issue has been of particular concern to audioengineers, the conclusion applies to all engineering disciplines including controlsystems.

• Various standards recommend that shields be connected to enclosure or chassisground:

- PROFIBUS recommends connecting shield drains to case ground. Connectingshields to chassis ground provides equalization; mitigates interference currents;ensures compliance with EMC regulations; and should be installed with regard tothe requirements of high frequency currents. Profibus Technical Description Sept.1999.

- ANSI/ISA-RP12.06.01-2003 Recommended Practice for Wiring Methods forHazardous (Classified) Locations Instrumentation Part 1: Intrinsic Safety requiresthat shields be connected to equipment or chassis ground.

Equipment manufacturers are continually designing products to be smaller, with lessweight, and at an increased savings. This has led to products operating at higherfrequencies resulting in electrical components, such as indictors and transformers, beingmuch smaller. Emerson has been and will remain a leader in providing a power andgrounding solutions for controlling equipment designed for today's adverse environmentsas well as unforeseen future applications.

High integrity ground systems

53

High integrity ground systems

54

Appendix CChecklists for verifying site ground

Topics covered in this appendix:

• Site ground verification checklists

• Checklists

Site ground verification checklistsEquipment

• Power line analyzer such as a Fluke 434 or equivalent

• Clamp-on RMS ammeter (for AC and DC current measurements)

• Recording thermometer/humidity meter

• Fluke 199 or 200 MHz digital oscilloscope (for earth/noise verification)

• Calibrated 4-1/2 digit DVM with accuracy of ± 0.05%, or better.

• Fluke 123 - 20 MHz digital scope meter (for fieldbus capacitance verification)

• Fluke DSP-2000 cable tester for certification of CAT5 and fiber optic cabling

• Fluke 1625 Earth Ground Tester (or equivalent)

• Fluke 1630 Earth Ground Clamp Meter

NoteEquivalent equipment may be substituted for the equipment listed above.

Product information

Review the most current revision of product manuals and installation manuals prior tocheckout.

Checklists

Checklists for verifying site ground

55

Good engineering practices for general systems

Good engineering practices for general systemsTable C-1:

Good engineering practices for general systems Page __ of __

Verification Answer If No please comment

Are servers, stations, routers, and so on,cleaned up (software) and re-installed ac-cording to station specific installation in-structions?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the proper procedures and equipmentused for assembling and connecting wir-ing, connectors and terminations (power,alarming, I/O, Busses, network, and soon)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Does a spot check of the assembly proce-dures used (for example, crimping of ter-minations, and so on) indicate that propermaterials, tools and procedures wereused?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is redundancy (controller, I/O, power, net-work, and so on) properly identified andtested?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are connections which have to be madeduring site installation (for example, pow-er and grounding) clearly tagged and iden-tified?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are system diagnostics performed and dothe diagnostics readings result in expectedvalues?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Comments:


56

Environmental conditions

Environmental conditionsTable C-2:

Environmental conditions Page __ of __


Is the environment to which the systemparts are exposed, (temperature, humidi-ty, vibration) as per design specificationsin normal operation? If the site is still un-der construction will these cause adverseeffects?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are system components free of contami-nation due to the installation (for example,drill shavings, cement dust, and so on)?Visually inspect the top of the DeltaV cardsand verify that there is no sign of contami-nation, especially by copper or other con-ducting material.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is the installation and surrounding areafree of dirt and dust and properly protec-ted against contamination from such?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Verify that there is a proper environmentalsystem to keep the DeltaV system fromreaching its maximum or minimum opera-tion temperature.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Verify that there is no corrosive buildup onany component of the DCS system. This in-cludes bulk power supplies, the DeltaVsystem, the I/O cards and the groundingsystem.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Comments:


57

Power and grounding connections

Power and grounding connectionsTable C-3:

Power and grounding connections Page __ of __


Are the connections performed per de-sign, properly terminated, and labeled(proper size for distance)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the cable sizes and type in accordancewith the intended use? (insulated vs. un-insulated, solid wire vs. small diametermulti strands, and so on)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the cable runs made according to thismanual and do they conform to pertinentsafety regulations?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the lengths of all power and groundingcables from the dedicated instrumenta-tion points (power source and dedicatedplant ground connection) to the systemwithin the guidelines of this manual?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is the Dedicated Instrumentation Ground(DIG) connected to the lowest availablededicated connection to true earth and isthis connection's resistance verified usingone of the methods as described in the SitePreparation and Design for DeltaV Digital Au-tomation Systems manual ?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is the DIG connection to true earth alsoconnected to the plant power grid systemas detailed in this manual?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the Separately Derived Sources using aneutral to ground bond at the source thatis connected to the DeltaV InstrumentGround?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are the applied Separately Derived Sour-ces using proper redundancy and UPS's, asintended by the customer?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all applicable power connections anddistributions installed, inspected, taggedand verified for conformity to local and na-tional codes applicable to the end user (forexample, NEC, CSA, IEEE, CE, NEN, etc.)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

If the DIG is connected to the Plant GroundGrid (PGG) then was the PGG engineeredproperly?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


58

Power and grounding connections (continued)Table C-3:

Power and grounding connections Page __ of __


If the DIG is connected to the Plant GroundGrid (PGG) then if possible verify the integ-rity of the PGG. Is if of high integrity andfree of corrosion?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Comments:


59

Power and grounding connections with triad

Power and grounding connections with triadTable C-4:

Power and grounding connections with triad Page __ of __

Use this document if the DIG is connected to a TRIAD, or a series of three grounding rods bon-ded together.

The next three rows assume that it is safe to check the earthing system and that each point ofthe triad can be isolated and tested.


Check the DeltaV grounding resistance ofground rod #1 using a three-point ground-ing test procedure.

(Make sure to calculate the testing impe-dance from the initial results. The valueshould optimally be 1 Ohm or less with amaximum of 3 Ohms.)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


(Make sure to calculate the testing impe-dance from the initial results. The optimalvalue should be 1 Ohm or less with a maxi-mum of 3 Ohms.)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


(Make sure to calculate the testing impe-dance from the initial results. The valueshould optimally be 1 Ohm or less with amaximum of 3 Ohms.)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Comments:


60

General field device installation

General field device installationTable C-5:

General field device installation Page __ of __

Complete this worksheet page for each device sampled. Emerson recommends a minimum of10% of the devices and checking at least one of each type of device used.


Are devices installed according to goodengineering practices?• Are they properly mounted?• Is the orientation correct?• Are they reachable?• Are they serviceable?• Are they properly tagged?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

(minimim 10% spot-check rec-ommended)

Are devices connected according to goodengineering practices? For example:• Is the case properly grounded? (not to

the shield of the communication ca-ble)

• Are shipping plugs removed and areunused cable entries properly closed?

• Are drip loops present and effective?• Are cable conduits properly mounted

and sealed to prevent the entry ofmoisture? Are cable runs such that nosharp metal edges can cut through ca-ble insulation?

• Are cables properly tied so no strain ispresent on the terminations?

• Are cables routed and protected in away that will minimize EMI?

• Are unused conductors and shieldsproperly terminated, with a minimalloss of the overall wire protection?

• Is the shield of the cable tied back andinsulated so that it cannot make con-tact with the case of the device?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


Are cable trays to the device properlygrounded?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________



61

General field device installation (continued)Table C-5:

General field device installation Page __ of __

Complete this worksheet page for each device sampled. Emerson recommends a minimum of10% of the devices and checking at least one of each type of device used.


Are cable trays at least 18" from any powersource or cable tray that carries power?

NoteNo instrumentation cables connected todevices should be in a cable tray with pow-er cables, or VAC control cables.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


Comments:


62

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types)

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types)Table C-6:

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types) Page __ of __


If there are serial connections to other de-vices (for example, PLC, weigh scale, andso on), are they using the same dedicatedground system or if not, are the communi-cation connections isolated?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are cable shields properly terminated atthe shield bar and connected to ground atthe power source's end only (Remove andmeasure with DVM)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

(minimum 10% spot check rec-ommended)

Is cable armor terminated and connectedto ground according to the guidelines inthe document Site Preparation and Designfor DeltaV Digital Automation Systems?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


Is all I/O wiring termination and connec-tion performed according to Good Engi-neering Practices? For example:• Stripped back in such a manner that

signals cannot short to other termi-nals?

• Heat-shrink on cut back cables?• Correctly terminated, labeled and col-

or-coded?• Are cable runs such that no sharp met-

al edges can cut through cable insula-tion?

• Are cables properly tied so no strain ispresent on the terminations?

• Are cables routed in a way that EMI in-terference will be at a minimum?

• Are unused conductors and shieldsproperly terminated to ground on oneend only?

• Proper crimp sizes of terminationsused for cables?

• Proper termination for the application?• Special terminations when 2 wires in 1

crimp are used?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


Are millivolt and pulse count signals con-nected through individually shielded twis-ted pair cables?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________



63

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types) (continued)Table C-6:

I/O wiring (conventional, HART, serial, and bus types) Page __ of __


For Bus systems, do the connections,grounding principles, components and lay-out conform to applicable BUS standard?For example:• Foundation Fieldbus• ASI bus• ProfiBus

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________



64

Enclosures

EnclosuresTable C-7:

Enclosures Page __ of __

Complete this worksheet page for each enclosure


Is the enclosure free of anysigns of environmental dam-age?

(Corrosion, rust, paint burns,paint flakes, and so on.)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is the temperature within thecabinets and enclosures withinthe limits specified in the de-sign (measure at least one typi-cal or worst-case application ifnecessary)? (Note any devicesin the cabinet creating possibleexcessive heat.)

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is the Humidity within the cabi-nets and enclosures within thelimits specified in the design(measure at least one typical orworst-case application if neces-sary)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all cable entries in and outof the cabinets and enclosuressealed?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all enclosures properlypositioned and mounted withgroups of enclosures properlybolted together?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all tagged and identifiedconnections (power, ground-ing, communications, and soon) installed properly? Do theyfollow good engineering practi-ces with regard to interconnec-tion?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all connections solid andtightened? Is there good con-duction in all connections (thatis, no corrosion or hanging wirestrands)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


65

Enclosures (continued)Table C-7:




Are added metal mountingparts, doors, and so on, thatcan become live during faultconditions, properly grounded(for example, properly sizedbonding wires or braids toground bus)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are added metal mountingparts properly protectedagainst the possibility of theircausing short circuits (for ex-ample, when doors are closed)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Is added equipment properlymounted for the intentionedapplication (vibration, ship-ping, maintenance, safety, andso on)?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Visually check the grounds inthe enclosure. Does thegrounding follow this manual'srecommendations?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Check the impedance and cur-rent flow for the enclosuregrounding system

Yes / No / N.A. Results:

__________ Ohms

__________ mA

By: _____________

Date: __________

Calculate the DeltaV carrierpower implementation. Verifythat it does not exceed the rec-ommendations.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Do the network componentsused and the network installa-tion follow the design?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________

Are all added cables certifiedfor the application (for exampleCAT5 and fiber optic), properlyterminated, labeled and color-coded?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


66

Enclosures (continued)Table C-7:




Are network cables routed andinstalled according to theguidelines in this manual? Veri-fy that the network cables areshielded according to the rec-ommendations in this manual.

Yes / No / N.A. By: ________________

Date: __________


67

AC power system and distribution

AC power system and distributionTable C-8:

AC power system and distribution Page __ of __


Enclosure Lo-cation:

Breaker Loca-tion:

Recorded Val-ue Complete

Verify that all AC powered devices are switched off or disconnec-ted.

---

With AC power system disconnected, measure impedance of sys-tem from all line and neutral connections to ground.

(Impedance must be high)

---

If the impedance is in conformance, have a person approved bythe customer switch on the AC power system. Record the per-son's name.

Primary AC voltage is within specifications.

(85 to 264 VAC / 47 to 63 Hz measured between line and neutral)

Check the noise level of the AC power.

(Look for noise spikes and excessive noise levels injected into theAC power)

Ground to neutral voltage is within specification.

(0.00 V ±1.00 VAC)

Secondary AC voltage is within specifications.

(85 to 264 VAC / 47 to 63 Hz Measured between Line and Neu-tral)

Ground to neutral voltage is within specification.

(0.00 V ±1.00 VAC)

If conforming, it is appropriate to switch ON or reconnect all ACpowered devices.

--- ---

Verify that all AC powered fans, cooling devices, lights, and so onare running and operational. Using an oscilloscope verify thatthey are not creating excessive noise.

---

Verify if LED's of all AC powered devices indicate normal. ---

Comments:


68

DC power system and distribution

DC power system and distributionTable C-9:

DC power system and distribution Page __ of __



Breaker Loca-tion:


Verify that all AC-powered devices are switched off or disconnec-ted

With the DC power system disconnected, measure impedance ofsystem from all line and neutral connections to ground

(Impedance MUST be High)

Apply DC voltage to the distribution system

Primary 24 VDC is within specifications.

(21.6 VDC to 26.4 VDC)

Secondary 24 VDC is within specifications.

(21.6 VDC to 26.4 VDC)

Measure the AC noise level of the 24 VDC power to AC ground ata resolution of 5 ms/div on the Scope.

(Make sure the scope filtering is off, 1 VAC maximum, and ACcoupled)

Measure the AC noise level of the 24 VDC power to AC ground ata resolution of 200 ms/div on the scope.

(Make sure the scope filtering is off, 1 VAC maximum and ACcoupled)

Primary 12 VDC is within specifications.

(11.4 VDC to 12.6 VDC)

Secondary 12 VDC is within specifications.

(11.4 VDC to 12.6 VDC)

Measure the AC noise level of the 12 VDC power to AC ground ata resolution of 5 ms/div on the scope. This should be done at theDeltaV Controllers.


Measure the AC noise level of the 12 VDC power to AC Ground ata resolution of 200 ms/div on the scope. This should be done atthe DeltaV Controllers.


Verify that all DC powered fans, cooling devices, lights, and so onare running and operational. Using an oscilloscope verify thatthey are not creating excessive noise.


69

DC power system and distribution (continued)Table C-9:

DC power system and distribution Page __ of __



Breaker Loca-tion:


Verify that LEDs of all DC powered devices indicate normal

Comments:


70

DeltaV controllers

DeltaV controllersTable C-10:

DeltaV controllers Page __ of __

Complete this worksheet page for each controller

Enclosure loca-tion:

Controllername:

Value/Com-ment Complete

Assembly:• Back planes plugged in tightly• All power supplies controllers, I/O modules screwed

in securely (Do not over torque)• Input power wiring termination tight and labeled• Network cables locked in place• Environmental conditions within specifications

System power supply LEDs normal

(Power-ON, Error-OFF)

Active controller's LEDs normal

(Power - ON, Error - OFF if downloaded / Flash if un-con-figured, Active - ON, Standby - OFF, CN1 - Flash if com-municating on the primary control network, CN2 - Flashif communicating on the secondary control network)

Standby controller's LEDs normal

(Power - ON, Error - OFF if downloaded / Flash if un-con-figured, Active - OFF, Standby - ON, CN1 - Flash if com-municating on the primary control network, CN2 - Flashif communicating on the secondary control network)

Controller accessible through standard diagnostics

(accessible, primary & secondary communication with-out increasing errors)

All I/O cards accessible through standard diagnostics

(accessible, no mismatches, no missing cards)

Are the network components used and the network in-stallation as per design?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ______________

Date: __________

Are all added cables certified for the application (for ex-ample CAT5 and fiber optic), properly terminated, la-beled and color-coded?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ______________

Date: __________

Are network cables routed and installed according tothe guidelines in the document Site Preparation and De-sign for DeltaV Digital Automation Systems?

Yes / No / N.A. By: ______________

Date: __________


71

DeltaV controllers (continued)Table C-10:

DeltaV controllers Page __ of __

Complete this worksheet page for each controller

Enclosure loca-tion:

Controllername:

Value/Com-ment Complete

Comments:


72

List of equipment used

List of equipment usedTable C-11:

List of equipment used Page __ of __

Manufacturer Type: Serial number:Re-calibrationdate: Used in section

Comments:


73


74

Appendix DReferences

General reference

Joffe, Elya B. and Lock, Kai-Sang, Grounds for Grounding: A Circuit-to-System Handbook, IEEEWiley & Sons, 2010.

Ott, Henry, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, Wiley & Sons, 2009.

Vijayaraghavan, G., Brown, Mark, and Barnes, Malcolm, Practical Grounding, Bounding,Shielding and Surge Protection, Elsevier, 2004.

Power transmission reference

Electrical Transmission and Distribution Reference Book, Westinghouse, 1950.

Reference books for personnel and property safety

Soares Book on Grounding and Bonding, 10th Edition, International Association of ElectricalInspectors, 2008.

National Electric Code (NEC) 2011 Handbook, NFPA 70, 2011.

BS 7671:2008 Requirements for Electrical Installations 17th Edition, IET Wiring Regulations,2008.

Cook, Paul, Commentary on IET Wiring Regulations 17th Edition BS 7671:2008 Requirementsfor Electrical Installations, Institute of Engineering and Technology, 2008.

American standards

ANSI/ISA-RP12.06.01-2003, Recommended Practice for Wiring Methods for Hazardous(Classified) Locations Instrumentation Part 1: Intrinsic Safety.

ANSI/ISA-TR12.06.01-1999, Electrical Equipment in a Class 1, Division 2/Zone 2 HazardousLocation .

ANSI/ISA-84.01-2004, Application of Safety Instrumented Systems for the ProcessIndustries.

ANSI-J-STD-607-A-2002, Commercial Building Grounding (Earthing) and BondingRequirements for Telecommunications.

ATIS-0600333.2007, Grounding and Bonding of Telecommunications Equipment.

NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems.

IEEE standards

IEEE Standard 1100-2005, Recommended Practice for Power and Grounding ElectronicEquipment (Emerald book).

References

75

IEEE Standard 142-2007, Recommended Practices for Grounding of Industrial andCommercial Power Systems (Green book).

IEEE Standard 493-2007, Recommended Practice for the Design of Reliable Industrial andCommercial Power Systems (Gold book).

IEEE Standard 1159-1995(R2001), Recommended Practice for Monitoring Electric PowerQuality.

IEEE Standard 519-1992, Recommended Practice and Requirements for Harmonic Controlin Electrical Power Systems.

IEEE Standard 1050 2004, Guide for Instrumentation and Control Equipment Grounding inGenerating Stations.

IEEE Standard 81-1983, Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, andEarth Surface Potentials of a Ground System.

IEEE Standard 45-2002, Recommended Practice for Electrical Installation on Shipboard.

IEEE 518-1982(1), Guide for the Installation of Electrical Equipment to Minimize NoiseInputs to Controllers from External Sources, (not currently supported by IEEE).

US Military Handbook

MIL-HDBK-419A, Grounding, Bonding, and Shielding for Electronic Equipments andFacilities (Vol. 1 Basic Theory; Vol. 2 Applications), 1987.

European international standards

IEC 60204-1,Ed. 5.1 2009, Safety of Machinery -Electrical equipment of Machines - Part 1:General Requirements

IEC 60364-4-44, Ed. 2.0 2007, Low-voltage Electrical Installations; Part 4-44: Protection forsafety - Protection against voltage disturbances and electromagnetic disturbances.

IEC 61140, Ed. 3.1 2009, Protection Against Electric Shock - Common Aspects forInstallation and Equipment.

IEC 61326-1 2005, Electrical Equipment For Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use -EMC Requirements.

IEC 61511-1 Ed. 1.0 2003, Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the processindustry sector - Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and softwarerequirements.

EN 61000-3-11 Ed. 1.0, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-11: Limits - Limitationof voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems -Equipment with rated current ≤ 75 A and subject to conditional connection.

EN 61000-3-12 Ed. 1.0, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-12: Limits - Limits forharmonic currents produced by equipment connected to public low-voltage systems withinput current > 16 A and ≤ 75 A per phase.

References

76

Lightning references

NFPA 780, Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems, 2011.

NUREG/CR-6866 ORNL/TM-2001/140, Technical Basis for Regulatory Guidance onLightning Protection in Nuclear Power Plants, 2011.

Lightning Protection for Engineers, National Lightning Safety Institute, 2009.

References

77

References

78