POUZDANOST - Program stručnog usavršavanja ovlaštenih ...seminar.tvz.hr/materijali/materijali15/15E04.pdf · pouzdanost visokonaponskih prekidaĈa tehniĈko veleuĈiliŠte u zagrebu

POUZDANOST

VISOKONAPONSKIH PREKIDAĈA

TEHNIĈKO VELEUĈILIŠTE U ZAGREBU

ELEKTROTEHNIĈKI ODJELProf.dr.sc.KREŠIMIR MEŠTROVIĆ

2

SF6 PREKIDAĈ 420 kV

PREKIDNA KOMORA

POTPORNI IZOLATORI

POGONSKI MEHANIZAM

UPRAVLJAĈKI ORMARIĆ

3

MALI KVAR PREKIDAĈA

4

VELIKI KVAR PREKIDAĈA

SUSTAV ZA PRIKUPLJANJE, UPIS I KLASIFICIRANJE PODATAKA

O KVAROVIMA VISOKONAPONSKE OPREME

B

HRVATSKA ELEKTROPRIVREDA

HEP-OPS

PrP Osijek

HEP-OPS

PrP Rijeka

HEP-ODS Elektra Zgb.

koordinator za HRVATSKU

K.M.

HEP-OPS

PrP Split

HEP-OPS

PrP Zagreb

A D

GIS Task Force

Specijalist

za GIS

E

CIGRÉ WG A3.06

BAZA PODATAKA

CB Task Force

K. Meštrović

IT Task Force

Specijalist

za IT

C

C

F

FPredstavnik WG za HR

K. MEŠTROVIĆ

DS/ES

Task Force

Specijalist

za rastavljaĉe

C

F

CF

HEP- PROIZVODNJA

PP HE Sjever

SUSTAV ZA PRIKUPLJANJE, UPIS I KLASIFICIRANJE PODATAKA

O KVAROVIMA VISOKONAPONSKE OPREME

6

CIGRE Reliability Tool.xls





7

BAZA PODATAKA - POPULACIJA

8

BAZA PODATAKA - KVAROVI

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA U POGONU – prekidaĉ godina

Type of

enclosure

Reference year Total

2004

(CB-years)

2005

(CB-years)

2006

(CB-years)

2007

(CB-years)(CB-years)

Live tank 31906 31503 32017 32545 127971

GIS total 20811 20932 22072 22265 86080

Dead tank 16368 16692 16905 17074 67039

Total 69085 69127 70994 71884 281090

% 24,58% 24,59% 25,26% 25,57% 100,00%

Number of

countries25 24 22 23 26

Number of

utilities78 74 73 75 83

9

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA / NAPONSKA KLASA

10

Rated Voltage Class / Total

0,00%

5,00%

10,00%

15,00%

20,00%

25,00%

30,00%

35,00%

40,00%

60≤U<100 kV 100≤U<200 kV 200≤U<300 kV 300≤U<500 kV 500≤U<700 kV ≥700 kV

re

lati

ve

se

rv

ice

ex

pe

rie

nc

e (

%)

new survey

old survey

POPULACIJA / POGONSKI MEHANIZAM i NAPONSKA KLASA

11

Type of Operating Mechanism /

Rated Voltage Class

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%60

≤U<1

00

kV

10

0≤

U<

20

0

kV

20

0≤

U<

30

0

kV

30

0≤

U<

50

0

kV

50

0≤

U<

70

0

kV ≥7

00

kV

CB

yea

rs

4 : Other

3 : Spring

2 : Pneumatic

1 : Hydraulic

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA / TIP KUĈIŠTA i NAPONSKA KLASA

12

Type of enclosure

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%6

0≤

U<

10

0

kV

10

0≤

U<

20

0

kV

20

0≤

U<

30

0

kV

30

0≤

U<

50

0

kV

50

0≤

U<

70

0

kV

≥7

00

kV

CB

ye

ars GIS

Dead Tank

Live Tank

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA / PERIOD IZRADE

13

Age Distribution / Total

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

CB

yea

rs

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA / TIP POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

14

Maintenanance Philosophy / Total

Condition

based

8%

Run to failure

0%

Combination

37%

Time based

55%

Other

0%

DISTRIBUCIJA UĈESTALOSTI VELIKOG KVARA () PREKIDAĈA /

NAPONSKA KLASA

= (kvarova x 100) / (vrijeme x broj prekidača)

15

MaF fr / Rated Voltage Class / Total

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

60≤U

<100

kV

100≤

U<2

00 k

V

200≤

U<3

00 k

V

300≤

U<5

00 k

V

500≤

U<7

00 k

V

≥700

kV

MaF

freq

uenc

y (M

aF /

100

CB

yea

rs) MaF frequency - point

estimation

MaF frequency - lower limit

MaF frequency - upper

limit

DISTRIBUCIJA UĈESTALOSTI VELIKOG KVARA PREKIDAĈA /

NAPONSKA KLASA

16

MaF fr / Rated Voltage Class / Total

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

4,50

5,0060

≤U<1

00 k

V

100≤

U<2

00 k

V

200≤

U<3

00 k

V

300≤

U<5

00 k

V

500≤

U<7

00 k

V

≥700

kV

Tot

al

MaF

freq

uenc

y (M

aF /

100

CB

yea

rs)

new survey

old survey


VRSTA POGONA

17

MaF fr / Kind of Service / Total

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

1 : Overhead

line

2 :

Transformer

3 : Cable 4 : Shunt

reactor

5 : Capacitor 6 : Bus-

coupler

7 : Other

MaF

fre

quency (

MaF

/ 1

00 C

B y

ears

)

MaF frequency -

point estimation

MaF frequency -

lower limit

MaF frequency -

upper limit


TIP POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

18

MaF fr / Type of Operating Mechanism / Total

only mech. components

0,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

1 : Hydraulic 2 : Pneumatic 3 : Spring 4 : Other Total

Ma

F fre

qu

en

cy (

Ma

F / 1

00

CB

ye

ars

)

New survey

Old survey


TIP KUĈIŠTA

19

MaF fr / Type of Enclosure / Total

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

1,00

Live tank metal clad Total

MaF

fre

quency (

MaF

/ 1

00 C

B y

ears

)

new survey

old survey


PERIOD IZRADE

20

Age Distribution / MaF frequency

Total

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,60

before

1979

1979-1983 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2007

Ma

F fr

eq

ue

ncy

(Ma

F /

10

0 C

B y

ears

)

DISTRIBUCIJA POVIJESTI VELIKOG KVARA NA PREKIDAĈU

21

Number of MaF before_ALL

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

No inform. 0 MaF

before

1 MaF

before

2 MaF

before

3 MaF

before

>3 MaF

before

Nu

mb

er

of

MaF

befo

re


VRSTA KVARA

22

MaF distribution_ALL [%]

failure mode for Major failure

28,2%

16,4%

5,4%

25,1%

8,1%

16,8% Does not close on comand

Does not open on comand

Opens without comand

Locking in open or close

position

Loss of mechanical integrity

Others (including

Breakdowns)


POGONSKI UVJETI U TRENUTKU KVARA

23


service condition when failure was discovered

0,2%

6,1%

3,2%8,6%

30,2%

44,2%

7,5% No answer

De-energized - available

for service

Normal service - no

operation command

Normal service operation

demanded

Fault clearing operation

Operation occurred

without command

During or directly after

testing / maintenance


KOMPONENTA ODGOVORNA ZA KVAR

24

MaF distribution_new/old survey

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

component at

service voltage

electrical control

and auxiliary

circuits

operating

mechanism

others

MaF

dis

trib

uti

on

(%

) MaF distribution [%]

MaF distribution_OLD [%]


IZVOR KVARA

25

MaF distribution_new/old survey

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Mechanical in

operating

mechanism

(earthed)

Mechanical in

other parts

Electrical (main

circuit)

Electrical

(auxiliary and

control

circuits)

Tightness of

SF6-gas

system

Other

MaF

dis

trib

uti

on

(%

)

MaF distribution [%]

MaF distribution_OLD [%]


UZROK KVARA

26


primary cause of the failure

5,8%

7,6%

3,6%

1,8%

1,3%

4,4%

42,3%1,1%

1,7%

1,3%

3,3%

1,0%

8,3%

16,5%

Design fault

Manufacturing fault

Incorrect transport or

erectionLightning overvoltage

Mechanical stress

Corrosion

Wear / Ageing

Incorrect operation

Incorrect monitoring

Mechanical failure of

adjacent equipmentIncorrect maintenance

External damage

Others

Unknown causes


NAĈIN OTKLANJANJA KVARA

27


type of repair

39,2%

6,4%29,2%

7,4%

6,9%

3,8%7,1%

Repair on site

Repair in factory

Replacement of failed

component on site

Replacement of failed

component and its

enclosureReplacement of failed

equipment with another

designReplacement of seals or

refilling only

Placed back into service

without repair


PODUZETE KOREKTIVNE MJERE

28

MaF distribution (%)_consequential measures LT/DT/GIS

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Remove similar

equipment

Changes in

purchasing

specif ications

Implement

additional

monitoring

Change

operating

instructions

Changes in

maintenance

No measures

MaF

dis

trib

uti

on

(%

)

Live tank

Dead tank

GIS


VRSTA POGONA

29

MaF fr / Kind of Service / Total

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

1 :

Ove

rhe

ad

lin

e

2 :

Tra

nsfo

rme

r

3 : C

ab

le

4 : S

hu

nt

rea

cto

r

5 :

Ca

pa

cito

r

6 : B

us-

co

up

ler

7 : O

the

r

To

talM

aF

fre

quency

(MaF

/ 1

00 C

B y

ears

)

DISTRIBUCIJA SKLOPNIH OPERACIJA PREKIDAĈA /

VRSTA POGONA

30

Operations per year

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Overhead line

breaker

Transformer

breaker

Cable breaker Shunt reactor

breaker

Capacitor

breaker

Bus-coupler Other

Average of operationper cb and year

DISTRIBUCIJA GLAVNIH TIPOVA VELIKOG KVARA /

VRSTA POGONA

31

Major failures (total population)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overhead line Transformer Cable Shunt reactor Capacitor Bus-coupler Other

Does not close on command Does not open on command Closes without command

Opens without command 5-19 Electrical in main circuit Locking in open or closed position (...)

Loss of mechanical integrity (...) Other

DISTRIBUCIJA POGONSKIH UVJETA U TRENUTKU KVARA /

VRSTA POGONA

32

Service conditions when MaF discovered

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overhead

line

Transformer Cable Shunt

reactor

Capacitor Bus-coupler Other

During or directly after

testing / maintenance

Operation occurred without

command



demanded

Normal service - no

operation command (open

or closed position)

de-energized - Available

for service

No answer

DISTRIBUCIJA IZVORA VELIKOG KVARA /

VRSTA POGONA

33

Origin_MaF

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overhead

line breaker

Transformer

breaker

Cable

breaker

Shunt

reactor

breaker

Capacitor

breaker

Bus-coupler Other

Other

Tightness of SF6-

gas system

Electrical (auxiliary

and control circuits)

Electrical (main

circuit)

Mechanical in other

parts

Mechanical in

operating

mechanism

(earthed)

DISTRIBUCIJA UZROKA VELIKOG KVARA /

VRSTA POGONA

34

Cause of MaF _Main kind of service

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overh

ead li

ne

Tra

nsfo

rmer

Cable

Shunt re

acto

r

Capacito

r

Bus-c

ouple

r

Oth

er

Others

Incorrect maintenance (incl.

inadequate instruction for

maintenance)Wear / Ageing

Corrosion

Stress in excess of ratings

Cause introduced during a

period before putting into

service

DISTRIBUCIJA VRSTE POPRAVKA /

VRSTA POGONA

35

Type of repair for MaF

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Overhead line

breaker

Transformer

breaker

Cable breaker Shunt reactor

breaker

Capacitor

breaker

Bus-coupler Other

Placed back into service without

repair

Replacement of seals or refilling

only

Replacement of failed equipment

with another design

Replacement of failed component

and its enclosure


on site (without replacement of

enclosure)

Repair in factory or shop

Repair of failed component on site

TIP POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA / TIP KUĈIŠTA PREKIDAĈA

36

Type of operating mechanism vs enclosure, comparison with previous survey

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Previous survey Present survey Previous survey Present survey

Live tank Metal enclosed

Other (magnetic, motor, etc.)

Spring

Pneumatic (may include springs)

Hydraulic (may include springs)

UĈESTALOST VELIKOG KVARA PREKIDAĈA /

TIP POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

37

MaF frequency of operating mechanisms by type of enclosure

0,000

0,050

0,100

0,150

0,200

0,250

0,300

0,350

0,400

0,450

Hydraulic (may include

springs)

Pneumatic (may include

springs)

Spring

MaF

per

100 C

B-y

ears

Live tank

Dead tank

GIS

KOMPONENTA ODGOVORNA ZA

KVAR POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

38

Component responsible for MaF of operating mechanisms, comparison

between present and previous surveys

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Present survey

Previous survey

Present survey

Previous survey

Present survey

Previous survey

Hydraulic (may include springs)

Pneumatic (may include springs)

Spring

Other

Mechanical transmission

Actuator and damping device

Control elements (non-electrical)

Energy storage (accumulator, spring)

Compressors, motors, pumps, piping fittings

POGONSKI UVJETI U TRENUTKU NASTANKA VELIKOG KVARA

POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

39

Service conditions when MaF of operating mechanisms occurred

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Hydraulic (may

include springs)

Pneumatic (may

include springs)

Spring

During or directly after testing /

maintenance

Operation occurred without

command



demanded

Normal service - no operation

command

De-energized - Available for

service

No answer

IZVORI VELIKOG KVARA POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

40

Origin of MaF for different operating mechanisms

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Hydraulic (may

include springs)

Pneumatic (may

include springs)

Spring

Other

Tightness of SF6-gas system

Electrical (auxiliary and control circuits)

Electrical (main circuit)

Mechanical in other parts

Mechanical in operating mechanism

(earthed)

UZROCI VELIKOG KVARA POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

41

Causes of MaF for different types of operating mechanisms

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Hydraulic (may

include springs)

Pneumatic (may

include springs)

Spring

Others

Incorrect maintenance

Wear/Ageing

Corrosion

Stress in excess of ratings

Cause introduced before

service

TIPOVI POPRAVKA NAKON VELIKOG KVARA

POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

42

Type of repair after MaF of different types of operating mechanisms

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Hydraulic (may

include springs)

Pneumatic (may

include springs)

Spring

Placed back into service without

repair

Replacement of seals or refilling

only

Replacement of failed equipment

with another design


and its enclosure


on site (without replacement of

enclosure)

Repair in factory or shop

Repair of failed component on site

KOREKTIVNE MJERE NAKON VELIKOG KVARA

POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA

43

Consequential measures after MaF of operating mechanisms

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Hydraulic (may

include springs)

Pneumatic (may

include springs)

Spring

No measures

Change maintenance instruct

Change operating instruct

Add monitoring

Change in purch spec

Removed similar equipm

DISTRIBUCIJA VRSTA ODRŢAVANJA PREKIDAĈA /

NAPONSKA KLASA

44

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

60≤U<100 kV 100≤U<200

kV

200≤U<300

kV

300≤U<500

kV

500≤U<700

kV

≥700 kV Total

Other

Combination of different

methods

Condition based

maintenance

Time based maintenance

UĈESTALOST VELIKOG KVARA PREKIDAĈA /

PERIOD IZRADE

45

All Countries

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

1,00

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

Ma

F fre

qu

en

cy (

Ma

F / 1

00

CB

ye

ars

)

12 : Live tank

14 : Dead tank

GIS

POPULACIJA POGONSKOG MEHANIZMA /

PERIOD IZRADE PREKIDAĈA

46

All Countries

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

CB

po

pu

lati

on

(%

) 1 : Hydraulic

2 : Pneumatic

3 : Spring

UĈESTALOST VELIKOG KVARA PREKIDAĈA S RAZLIĈITIM

POGONSKIM MEHANIZMIMA/ PERIOD IZRADE

47

All Countries

0,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

0,40

0,45

0,50

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

Ma

F fre

qu

en

cy (

Ma

F / 1

00

CB

ye

ars

)

1 : Hydraulic

2 : Pneumatic

3 : Spring

POPULACIJA PREKIDAĈA RAZLIĈITIH NAPONSKIH KLASA /

PERIOD IZRADE

48

All countries

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

CB

po

pu

lati

on

(%

)

60≤U<100 kV

100≤U<200 kV

200≤U<300 kV

300≤U<500 kV

500≤U<700 kV

≥700 kV

UĈESTALOST VELIKOG KVARA PREKIDAĈA RAZLIĈITIH

NAPONSKIH NIVOA / PERIOD IZRADE

49

All countries

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

before

1979

1979-

1983

1984-

1988

1989-

1993

1994-

1998

1999-

2003

2004-

2007

Ma

F fre

qu

en

cy (

Ma

F / 1

00

CB

ye

ars

)

60≤U<100 kV

100≤U<200 kV

200≤U<300 kV

300≤U<500 kV

≥500 kV

Major failure frequencies and respective 95% confidence interval

limits in function of circuit-breakers manufacture period for

enclosure type

50

MAJOR FAILURE for Live Tank

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

1,0000

1,2000

1,4000

before 1979 1979-1983 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2007

Ma

F f

re

qu

en

cy

(Ma

F /

10

0 C

B y

ea

rs) Estimated intensity

Failure intensity - lower limit

Failure intensity - upper limit



enclosure type

51

MAJOR FAILURE for GIS 1-ph & 3-ph

0,0000

0,1000

0,2000

0,3000

0,4000

0,5000

0,6000

0,7000

before 1979 1979-1983 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2007

Ma

F f

re

qu

en

cy

(Ma

F /

10

0 C

B y

ea

rs)

Estimated intensity





mechanism type

52

MAJOR FAILURE for Hydraulic Mechanism

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

before 1979 1979-1983 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2007

Ma

F f

req

ue

ncy

(Ma

F /

10

0 C

B y

ea

rs)

Estimated intensity





mechanism type

53

MAJOR FAILURE for Spring Mechanism

0,0000

0,0500

0,1000

0,1500

0,2000

0,2500

0,3000

0,3500

before 1979 1979-1983 1984-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2007

Ma

F f

re

qu

en

cy

(Ma

F /

10

0 C

B y

ea

rs)

Estimated intensity



SAŢETAK I ZAKLJUĈAK

54

55

56

HVALA NA PAŢNJI !

:0)

Documents

POUZDANOST - Program stručnog usavršavanja ovlaštenih ...seminar.tvz.hr/materijali/materijali15/15E04.pdf · pouzdanost visokonaponskih prekidaĈa tehniĈko veleuĈiliŠte u zagrebu