PoT.im.06.1.027.14 Presentation

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IBM Software

Information Management

An IBM Proof of Technology

IBM DB2 10.1 Administrationfor the Experienced Oracle DBA

Presentations


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An IBM Proof of Technology

PoT.IM.06.1.027.14

Copyright IBM Corporation, 2004, 2012

US Government Users Restricted Rights - Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.

Version 7.0 December 7, 2012

Burt Vialpando & Vikram Khatri


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DB2 10.1 Administration for the Experienced Oracle DBA Proof of Technology Announcement

DB2 10.1 Administration

for the Experienced Oracle DBA

A Proof of TechnologyIBM

DB2

10.1 comes with many powerful features that help ease the day-to-day activities all DBAs

must perform in every IT shop. In this Proof of Technology, specific comparisons with Oracle are madethroughout to help customers better understand the feature and function differences between DB2 andthe competitive Oracle product. This session consists of both presentation and hands-on lab exercises.

Objective

This session enables customers to gain an understanding of IBM DB2 10.1 administration, evaluate theDB2 10.1 administration vs. Oracle administration, and expedite their purchasing decision process. Inbrief, DBAs already working with Oracle, or those considering adding Oracle to their repertoire, will beable to see just how easy and yet powerful DB2 administration can be.

Audience

This Proof of Technology is for Data Management Architects, Database Administrators and DatabaseDevelopers and other decision influencers evaluating IBM technologies either from an Oracle shop orfrom those considering Oracle as an alternative.

Core Topics

Introduction & Overview DB2 vs. Oracle product offering comparison.

Instance Exploration & the CLP Instance management, Command Line Processor usage & registry variables.

Database Exploration Create & manage databases, key database features

Data Studio The IBM DBA and developer Eclipse based GUI tool

CLPPlus & Oracle compatibility The new DBA command line tool and creating PL/SQL objects and more.

Security ConceptsAuthorities, privileges, groups, roles, encryption, label security and more.

Autonomic Computing Auto memory management, parameter configuration, storage managementand utility throttling, intelligent backup, REORG & RUNSTATS.

Elective Topics

Deep Compression DB2s industry leading, deep compression capability.

Explain Facilities & the optimizer Learn the basics of the DB2 optimizer and make your queries run better.

DB2 Workload Manager (WLM) Meet service level agreements by intelligently sharing all your databaseresources between disparate resources

Monitoring (DB2 core capabilities) Core engine snapshots, SQL functions, db2pd and event monitors

pureXML What the DBA needs to know about pureXML, an industry unique approach.

Multidimensional Clusters (MDCs) Maximize query performance with row co-location unique to the industry.

Data Movement Utilities Core engine load, import, export, db2move, db2look, db2relocatedb & more.

Backup, Restore & Recovery Core engine functionality for keeping your data safe.

Additional Misc. Topics Temporal data management, multi-temperature storage, federation, DB2Cloud offerings

Length

2 full days, 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM


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DB2 10.1 Administration for the Experienced Oracle DBAAn IBM Proof of Technology

DETAILED AGENDA

I. CORE TOPICS

Introduct ion and Overview 10 minutes

Presentation - 10 slides 10 minutes

This covers IBM DB2 and Oracle product offerings. Highlighted is the fact that DB2 offers a complete androbust set of products for any and every IT shop.

01 - Instance Exploration and Using the CLP 1 hour 30 minutes

Presentation 20 slides 35 minutes

This covers environment and registry variables as well as parameters. This is followed with a lesson onusing the DB2 Command Line Processor to facilitate the labs. Highlighted is ease of instance creationand ease of CLP use.

Lab 01 Exercises 55 minutes

Operating system directories and files Start and stop a DB2 instance CLP introduction Create a new DB2 instance Catalog a DB2 instance Extra exercises: db2support, instance administrative views, db2diag, db2pd, db2cfexp,inspect & the

Generic Control Facility

02 Database Creation and Exploration 1 hour 15 minutes


This covers the Oracle vs. DB2 system catalog, table space and storage handling differences. It alsodiscusses some basic administration differences between the two databases. Highlighted is ease ofdatabase creation and basic maintenance.


General database commands DB2 system and local database directories Creating a database Exploring various functionality features: database administration views, memory tracking, event

monitoring, database size/capacity Extra exercises: Altering a table


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DB2 10.1 Administration for Experienced DBAs Page 2 of 7 PoT Detailed Agenda

03 Data Studio 1 hour 10 minutes


IBM Data Studio is the latest in a complete tool for both DBA and developers. Its graphical user interfaceis easy to use and powerful. Many of its features will be shown in this presentation and lab topic.


Launching Data Studio Connecting to and managing a database (instance and database management and running SQL) Exploring tables, overview diagrams, editing and sampling data, generating DDL and table

maintenance Extra Exercise: Debug a stored procedure Extra Exercise: Performance profile a stored procedure

04 CLPPlus and Oracle Compatibility 1 hour 5 minutes


First, the presentation gives an overview of how the new command line interface called the CLPPlusworks. Then a demonstration of Oracle compatibility features is done.


Logging on to CLPPlus Interactive CLPPlus commands Running a script file in CLPPlus batch mode Oracle compatibility examples (SQL and PL/SQL examples, migrating an Oracle schema, auto_reval,

currently committed, anonymous block PL/SQL)

05 - Security Concepts 1 hour 10 minutes


This covers the basic Oracle vs. DB2 security approach differences as well as common terminology. Italso covers DB2 privileges and authorities. Highlighted is ease of use and reasons why DB2s securityapproach is a highly affective one.


Instance level security Database level security Object level security Using the system catalog security views User and group overview

Schemas Viewing database authorities Column and row level security Schemas Extra exercise: db2audit and AUDIT POLICY (instance and database level auditing examples) Extra exercise: LBAC quick look


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06 Autonomic Computing 1 hour 20 minutes


This covers what autonomic computing is and how the following autonomic features work in DB2: SelfTuning Memory Manager (STMM) Automatic Storage, Utility Throttling and the Configuration Advisor.

Finally, automatic maintenance for RUNSTATS, REORGS and backups is shown. Highlighted are all thereasons Oracle DBAs will be delighted with the ease of use and power of these features as compared toOracle.


Self-Tuning Memory Manager (STMM) Automatic Storage Autoconfigure Extra exercise: Automatic Maintenance Extra exercise: Statistic Profiling Extra exercise: SYSTOOLS setup


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II. ELECTIVE TOPICS

07 Deep Compression 60 minutes

Compression - 16 slides - 20 minutes

Lab 07 Exercises - 25 minutes

Compression - 20 minutes

Estimating compression Full REORG compression REORG with sample data compression Automatic dictionary compression Index Compression

08 - Explain Facilities and the Optimizer 1 hour 10 minutes


This presentation quickly compares Oracle and DB2 explain facilities, but then dives into discussing thevarious DB2 explain utilities and what each is best suited for. An overview of the DB2 optimizer is alsogiven.


Create explain tables Set up explain example using a UNION ALL view (sub lesson) Visual Explain in Data Studio Visual Explain tuning a query (design change example, SQL change example) Using db2exfmt explain multiple queries at once Extra exercise: Using db2expln (static mode and dynamic mode examples) Extra exercises: REBIND and ROW MOVEMENT

09 DB2 Workload Manager (WLM) - 1 hour 40 minutes

Presentation - 38 slides - 60 minutes

The DB2 Workload Manager can manage and control all work executed in your DB2 database. Eachuser that requests work is mapped to a workload that in turn controls the amount of CPU, prefetch andbuffer pool used. In addition, thresholds can limit or remap activities dynamically. This allows differentusers to get different amounts of resource in the database, even if when executing identical workloads.

Lab 09 Exercises - 40 minutes

Setting up a custom workload manager environment Setting up and running a simulated workloads (three different users with different WLM capabilities) Using db2pd for monitoring and reporting Working with WLM event monitors Misc WLM lessons


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10 Monitoring 1 hour


This topic covers all the DB2 core engine monitoring capabilities: snapshots, SQL table functions, eventmonitors, usage lists, db2pd, db2top


Snapshot monitoring switch use and a snapshot example Event monitoring using a statement event monitor to break down the execution of SQL in a stored

procedure Data Studio stored procedure profiling Lightweight monitoring using SQL table functions and db2pd

11 DB2 pureXML 1 hour


This covers what a DBA needs to know about XML in DB2: What XML is, why it is used in the industryand how to use it in a DB2 database. Highlighted is the fact that DB2 uses a unique hybrid hierarchicaland relational database engine that handles XML in a pure, native format.


Creating an XML supporting database and an XML supporting table Inserting and exploring XML data Importing & Exporting XML data Creating indexes on XML data Extra exercises: Registering and validating with an XSR

12 Multidimensional Clusters (MDCs) 1 hour


DB2 MDCs can define a table in such a way as to have it clustered on more than one dimension whichcan give performance benefits for many query scenarios as well as alleviating the need to reorganize thedata. Since there is nothing like this in Oracle, this flagship DB2 feature is described and an overview isgiven of how it works as well as when and why you would use it.


Set up CARS and CARS_MDC table example Explore MDC table space, table and index usage through the catalog Explore MDC table organization, visually with Data Studio Use db2batch to test MDC performance

Extra exercise: MDC performance timing tests using stored procedures


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13 - Data Movement Utili ties 1 hour 30 minutes

Presentation 33 slides - 60 minutes

A quick comparison of Oracle vs. DB2 data movement utilities is made. Then DB2 utilities are focused onby giving an overview of them and their usages. Then each of these is described: export, import, load,

db2move, backup, restore, standby, transportable database, and replication. Emphasis is on showingrich selection and variety of data movement utilities and options in DB2


db2relocatedb db2move and db2look SYSPROC.ADMIN_MOVE_TABLE Data ingest

14 - Backup, Restore & Recovery 2 hours

Presentation - 26 slides 45 minutes

This covers architecture and training comparisons between Oracle and DB2. It then hones in on DB2functionality for the following: offline backup, history file, offline restore, configure database logging, onlinebackup, online restore, incremental backup & restore and recover dropped tables. Though powerful inscope, DB2 ease of use is highlighted.


Create test database Offline backup & restore Configure database logging Online database backup Database restore (recovery mode) Recover dropped table Extra exercise: Restore history file Extra exercise: Move table space location (redirected restore) Extra exercise: Online table space backup & restore Extra exercise: Incremental and Delta backup & restore

16 Additional Misc. Topics 1 hour 30 minutes

All topics presentations Temporal data management - 12 slides - 20 minutes Multi-temperature storage - 4 slides - 10 minutes Federation - 4 slides - 10 minutes DB2 Cloud offerings - 4 slides - 10 minutes

Temporal data management, time travel query Lab - 20 minutes

Temporal data management, build, insert, update, delete Time travel query examples

Federation Lab - 20 minutes

Show federation through a pre-built script Show federation through a GUI


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PoT Revision History

Version Revision Descript ion By Whom When

4.1 PoT update for DB2 9.7 (Cobra) ReleaseBurt VialpandoVikram Khatri

09/01/2009

4.2 PoT update for DB2 9.7 Fix Pack 1 Burt Vialpando 04/05/2010

5.0PoT update for DB2 9.7 Fix Pack 3, Data Studio2.2.0.2 and VM image on Windows 7 Enterprise

Burt Vialpando 09/23/2010

5.1 PoT update for DB2 9.7 Fix Pack 5, Data Studio 3.1 Burt Vialpando 10/21/2011

6.0 PoT update for DB2 10.1, Data Studio 3.1.1 Burt Vialpando 04/15/2012

6.1 Minor corrections to materials Burt Vialpando 08/25/2012

7.0 Rewritten for SUSE Linux Burt Vialpando 12/07/2012


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2012 IBM Corporation

An IBM Proof of Techno logy

IBM DB2 10.1 Administration

For the Experienced Oracle DBA

Part 1 Core Topics

Version 7.0 December 7, 2012

Burt Vialpando & Vikram Khatri


IBM Software

DB2 10.1 Administration for the Experienced Oracle DBA - Proof of Technology

Welcome to the Technical Exploration Center

Introductions

Access restrictions

Restrooms

Emergency Exits

Smoking Policy

Breakfast / Lunch / Snacks location and times

Special meal requirements?

2


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IBM Software


Proof of Technology (PoT) OverviewPart 1 Agenda Core Topics

IBM DB2 Introduction & Overview

DB2 Instance Exploration & Using the CLP - Lab 01

DB2 Database Creation and Exploration - Lab 02

IBM Data Studio - Lab 03

DB2 CLPPlus and Oracle Compatibility - Lab 04

DB2 Security Concepts - Lab 05

DB2 Autonomic Computing - Lab 06

DB2 Deep Compression - Lab 07

DB2 Explain Facilities & the Optimizer - Lab 08

DB2 Workload Manager - Lab 09

DB2 Monitoring (core engine) - Lab 10

DB2 pureXML - Lab 11

DB2 Multidimensional Clusters - Lab 12

DB2 Data Movement Utilities (core engine) - Lab 13

DB2 Backup, Restore & Recovery (core engine) - Lab 14

Additional Misc. DB2 Topics - Lab 15

Core Topics

Elective Topics

3


IBM Software


Proof of TechnologySchedule

Activi tySessionLengthHour:Mins

RunningTotal

Hour:Mins

StartTime

EndTime

Day 1 PoT greetings, intro and logistics 0:10 0:10 9:00 AM 9:10 AM

DB2 Introduction & overview 0:10 0:20 9:10 AM 9:20 AM

Instance and the CLP presentation 0:35 0:55 9:20 AM 9:55 AM

break 0:10 1:05 9:55 AM 10:05 AM

Lab 01 0:55 2:00 10:05 AM 11:00 AM

Database presentation 0:45 2:45 11:00 AM 11:45 AM

lunch 0:45 3:30 11:45 AM 12:30 PM

Lab 02 0:40 4:10 12:30 PM 1:10 PMData Studio presentation 0:35 4:45 1:10 PM 1:45 PM

Lab 03 0:45 5:30 1:45 PM 2:30 PM

break 0:10 5:40 2:30 PM 2:40 PM

CLPPlus & Oracle Compatibility presentation 0:30 6:10 2:40 PM 3:10 PM

Lab 04 0:40 6:50 3:10 PM 3:50 PM

Security presentation 0:30 7:20 3:50 PM 4:20 PM

Lab 05 0:40 8:00 4:20 PM 5:00 PM

Day 2 Autonomic Computing presentation 0:45 0:45 9:00 AM 9:45 AM

Lab 06 (or finish up any other core labs) 0:45 1:30 9:45 AM 10:30 AM

Elective topics 5:25 6:55 10:30 AM 3:55 PM

wrap up and surveys 0:05 7:00 3:55 PM 4:00 PM4


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IBM Software


PoT OverviewScope, assumptions and icons

The scope is for DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows (LUW)

The goal is to demonstrate specific IBM DB2 methodologies for implementing your currentDBA skill set in DB2

The target audience is the experienced Oracle database administrator (DBA)

Reasonably deep knowledge of relational database principles is assumed

With a technical knowledge of Oracle specifics

The target audience shou ld know the operating system (OS) reasonably well

The labs will be done in a SUSE Linux environment

Knowing how to get around in Unix will be important to the labs

5

Slide with a focus on DB2 only

Slide with an extra cost feature or product

DB2 10.1 latest feature

Presentation icons


IBM Software


PoT OverviewUsing Vmware Stay in full screen mode

If you ever get out of full screen mode click on this icon

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IBM DB2 Introduction & Overview

10 slides

Burt Vialpando


IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingDB2 editions

DB2 10.1 Editions

DB2 Express-C (no cost download and deploy - optional license available)

Windows, Linux, Solaris

4 GB memory, 2 cores

DB2 Express Edition

Windows, Linux, Solaris, IBM AIX, HP-UX, Linux on system z

8 GB memory, 4 cores

DB2 Developer Edition

Easy licensing to support all the features a DB2 developer would need

DB2 Workgroup Server Edition


64 GB memory, 4 sockets, 16 cores

DB2 Enterprise Server Edition


No limit on memory and CPU

DB2 Advanced Enterprise Server Edition

Same as DB2 ESE but with many more features licensed

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IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingDB2 OS platforms

OS Software Hardware

AIX AIX Version 6.1 (64-bit kernel required) AIX Version 7.1 (64-bit kernel required)

64-bit Common Hardware Reference Platform(CHRP) architecture, excluding POWER3

All processors that are capable of running the

supported AIX operating systems

HP-UX HP-UX 11iv3 (11.31) Itanium based HP Integrity Series Systems

Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Update 6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP3 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP1

x86, 32-bit Intel and AMD processors x64, 64-bit AMD64 & Intel EM64T processors POWER (System i, System p, and POWERSystems that support Linux)

IBM System z196 ,IBM System z9 or z10

Solaris Solaris 10 (64-bit kernel required) UltraSPARC or SPARC64 Solaris x64 (Intel 64 or AMD64)

Windows XP Professional, Enterprise, Ultimate Vista Business, Enterprise, Ultimate Windows 7 Professional, Enterprise,Ultimate(all above either 32-bit or 64-bit)

All Intel and AMD processors capable or runningthe supported Windows operating systems,32-bit and 64-bit.

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IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingFeatures and functions supported by edition part 1

Feature / Function DB2 Express-C DB2 Express DB2 Workgroup DB2 EnterpriseServer

DB2 AdvancedEnterprise Server

IBM Data Studio YES YES YES YES YES

pureXML Storage YES YES YES YES YES

Temporal Data Mgmt / Time Travel Query * YES YES YES YES YES

Compression for Backup YES YES YES YES YES

Row Column Access Control * No YES YES YES YES

Label Based Access Control No YES YES YES YES

SQL Replication No YES YES YES YES

High Availability Disaster Recovery

(with Tivoli System Automation)

No YES YES YES YES

Online Reorg No YES YES YES YES

Advanc ed Copy Servic es No YES YES YES YES

Multi-Temperature Storage * No No No YES YES

Materialized Query Tables No No No YES YES

Multi-Dimensional Clustering No No No YES YES

Query Parallelism No No No YES YES

Connection Concentrator No No No YES YES

Table Partitioning No No No YES YES

Plan Lockdown No No No YES YES

Scan Sharing No No No YES YES

10

*


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IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingFeatures and functions supported by edition part 2

Feature / Function DB2 Express-C DB2 Express DB2 Workgroup DB2 EnterpriseServer

DB2 AdvancedEnterprise Server

DB2 pureScale No No YES W/ pureScale Feature W/ pureScale Feature

Row Compression (with index, XML, etc.) No No No With StorageOptimization Feature

YES

Geodetic Extender No No No Geo det ic Feat ur e Geo det ic Feat ur e

Homogenous Q Replication No No No No YES (restricted to LUW only)

Workload Management No No No Partial (monitoring) YES

Continuous Data Ingest * No No No No YES

InfoSphere Data Replication No SPP SPP SPP YES

InfoSphere Optim Perfor mance Manager(with Extended Insight)

No SPP SPP SPP YES

InfoSphere Optim Configur ation Manager No SPP SPP SPP YES

InfoSphere Optim Query Worklo ad Tuner No SPP SPP SPP YES

InfoSphere Optim pureQuery Runtime forLUW

No SPP SPP SPP YES

InfoSphere Optim Data Architect No SPP SPP SPP YES (10 users)

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*

SPP = Separately purchasable produ ct


IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingOptimized for your business

Pick the DB2 that fits your needs

1. A single machine with a dedicated database

Linux, Unix and Windows

Grow by adding more processors and more memory (scale up)

Start small and grow bigger by simply using more disk space

Best suited for the majority of business requirements, from small to the large scale

2. A multiple logical or physical machine with partitioned database (DPF)

Linux, Unix and Windows

Grow by adding more logical or physical nodes (scale out) Best suited for data warehousing needs

IBM Smart Analytics System (ISAS) is a pre-configured appliance for different classes

3. A multiple logical or physical machines with a shared database (pureScale)

AIX and Linux

Optimized for the OLTP operations with a focus on the continuous availability

A shared database used by all DB2 members

Grow by adding logical or physical DB2 members

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IBM Software


DB2 for Linux UNIX and Windows PackagingInstallation methods & utilities

Installation Method Windows UNIXDB2 Setup Wizard Yes Yes

db2_install script No Yes

Response File ( Silent) Installation(db2setup r)

Yes Yes

Manual installation No Yes

To ins tall DB2:

On UNIX, you can be a non-root user

On Windows, you need to be an Administrator

Tool Comment

db2prereqcheck Checks system prerequisites before an install

db2rfe Enable root functionality later after a non-root install

db2rspgn Generate a response file from a current install should one not exist

db2iprune Prune files from install for unused features making it smaller

db2val Check the state of an install

db2_deinstall Uninstall features, can use a response file UNIX only

db2unins Uninstall features, can use a response file Windows only

InstallFixPack Install fix packs

Linux & UNIX Hardware & OSMinimum Requirements:

Resource Oracle

Requirement

DB2 Requirement

CPU 1 - 1 GHz processor 1 - 1 GHz processor

RAM 1GB 512 MB min. (1GBrecommended)

Swap space 1.5GB 50% of RAM

Temp space 200MB 60MB

System drive - 40MB

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Install related tools


IBM Software


Tools & Products ComparisonAdministration & development tools & products

Oracle IBM Description of Usage

Oracle 11g Enterprise DB2 Enterprise Server 10.1 CE Relational Database Management System

Real Application Clusters pureScale CE Active / Active multi-node processing

Enterprise Manager Database ConfigurationAssistant

Administration Assistant

IBM Data Studio XT InfoSphere Optim Performance Manager InfoSphere Optim Configuration Manager DB2 Recovery Expert

GUI database master console, control,management, recovery, etc.

SQL Developer IBM Data Studio XT GUI command line and procedure developer

SQL*Plus CLPPlus CE DB2 Command Line Processor (CLP) CE

OS level line oriented database access

SQL Analyzer DB2 Visual Explain XT (with IBM Data Studio) db2exfmt, db2expln CE InfoSphere Optim Query Workload Tuner

Query analysis & visual explains

Oracle Forms Developer DB2 Table Editor Developer Suite Forms creation, development, usage

Resource Manager DB2 Workload Manager CE Workload control

Database Replay InfoSphere Optim Query Capture and Replay Workload capture and testing replay

CE = Part of Cor e Engine

XT = Extra tool that comes with the Core Engine

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IBM Software


Tools & Products ComparisonHigh availability, communication & connectivity products


Data Guard High Availability / Disaster Recovery CE High availability and/or disaster recovery solution

Transparent Gateway Access Managers for IBM

CICS, IBM Information

Management System, DB2

IBM InfoSphere Federation Server IBM DB2 Connect DB2 Homogeneous Federation CE

Federation & information integration

Advanced Replication Message Broker

DB2 SQL Replication CE IBM InfoSphere Change Data Capture InfoSphere Replication Server IBM MQSeries

Replication, message queuing

Internet Commerce Server Internet Application Server

WebSphere Portal Studio IBM Enterprise Information Portal

Internet servicing, connection

Spatial & Intermedia Time Series

IBM Content Manager family IBM FileNet family

Image searching, content management, processmanagement

Hyperion IBM Cognos Business Intelligence (BI) and Reporting Server

CE = Part of Cor e Engine

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IBM Software


Tools & Products ComparisonInternet, java, data warehousing & OLAP tools & products


JDeveloper Designer Portal (WebDB) Objects

IBM Data Studio XT InfoSphere Data Architect

Java & web development & object modeling

Data Mart Suite Warehouse Builder

InfoSphere Warehouse InfoSphere Change Data Capture InfoSphere DataStage

InfoSphere Replication Server DB2 AlphaBlox

IBM OmniFind

Data Warehouse building , data movement,management

Pure*Integrate InfoSphere QualityStage Data cleansing Express Server Express Objects

InfoSphere Warehouse Cubing Services Cognos Business Intelligence

OLAP, data marts, cubes

Discoverer Reports

Cognos Business Intelligence IBM DataQuant

Reporting - in all its forms

Data Mining Suite Darwin

InfoSphere Mining with IBM Cognos

InfoSphere Streams IBM Smart Analytics System

Data mining

XT = Extra tool that comes with the Core Engine

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Lab 01 INSTANCE

20 slides

Burt Vialpando

DB2 Instance Exploration and Using

the Command Line Processor (CLP)


IBM Software


Server ArchitectureThe DB2 instance overview

A DB2 Instance is also called a Database Manager or DBM

An instance performs the following (for the databases they manage):

Overall database memory usage & defaults:

Utility impact limits

Sort, hash, Java and other heap limits and defaults

Monitoring:

Health

Snapshot

Auditing (instance level)

Diagnostic & notification logging

Connection management

User authentication

Communication protocols

Agents & pooling management

Transaction management

Workload Management dispatcher service

Federation control

Distributed transaction management (DPF)

Inter-partition communication (DPF)

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IBM Software


Server ArchitectureThe Oracle unique System ID (SID)

An Oracle SID is a log ical access to database physical st ructures

An Oracle SID in a (non-RAC) envi ronment can

Access only one database at a time

Oracle terms "instance" & " database" o ften used interchangeably by DBAs &

users, however: Instance is logical and related to memory and processes

Database is persistent and related to files

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pfile / spfile

Datafiles

Redo logfiles

BufferPools

Datacache

Dictionary

Database 2

Oracle Instance 2

Processes

Arch ivedLog files

Redo logfiles

Control file

Password filepfile / spfile

Datafiles

Redo logfiles

BufferPools

Datacache

Dictionary

Database 1

Oracle Instance 1

Processes

Arch ivedLog files

Redo logfiles

Control file

Password file


IBM Software


Server ArchitectureThe DB2 instance

A DB2 instance is a logical access to database logical and phys ical s tructures A DB2 instance (non pureScale) can access more than one database at a t ime

Note: most production instances manage only one database

In a DB2 instance Many Engine Dispatchable Units (EDUs) are shared by all databases Instance configuration parameter (dbm cfg) affects all databases in that instance Database configuration parameters (db cfg) exist for each database

DB2 terms "instance" & "database" have very distinct meanings

20

DBM config

DataFiles

Log files DB ThreadEDUs

BufferPoolsBufferPools

Catalog DB config

Database 1

Log files

DataFiles

DB ThreadEDUs

BufferPoolsBufferPools

CatalogDB config

Database 2

DB2 Instance

ProcessEDUs

DBMThreadEDUs

Arch ivedLog files

Arch ivedLog files


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IBM Software


Server ArchitectureOracle processes list (not exhaustive)

* Can be many

Level Process Purpose

Required Server Server processes - Either dedicated or shared, performs requests for the client

SMON System monitor - Space maintenance & crash recovery agent

PMONCKPT

Process monitor - Cleans up failed user processes and frees of resources of these processesCheck point - Flushes modified data from the buffer cache to the disk and updates the control

file and data files by doing a header update (DBWn actually does the data file write)

DBWn * Database writer - Writes the dirty buffers from the database buffer cache to the data files on disk

LGWR Log Writer - Performs sequential writes from the redo log buffer to the redo log files on disk

Optional MMAN Memory Manager - SGA & PGA memory broker

MMOM Manageability Monitor - AWR problem detection and self tuning

MMNL Manageability Monitor Light - Transfer statistics AWR collects to disk

RECO Resolve for distributed databases - (DISTRIBUTED_TRANSACTIONS mode)

ARCn * Arch ive log mo nit or - Writes redo logs to archive areas (in ARCHIVE LOG mode)

SNPn * Snapshot & job scheduler

Dnnn * & Snnn * Dispatchers - shared server processing agent

CTWR Change Tracking Writer - RMAN support

CJQ0, J000 Job Coordinator & Scheduler - assigns jobs to the job queue processes

DBRM Resource Manager

DIA0 Diagnosability Process Zero - hand detection and deadlock resolution

DIAG Diagnostic Dumps

SMCO Space Management Coordinator - proactive space allocation and reclamation

ASM Aut omat ic Sto rage Manag ement - related processes are ASMB, ARB, RBAL

EMNC Event Monitor - event management coordination

FBDA Flashback Data Archive

DMON Data Guard Broker

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IBM Software


Server ArchitectureDB2 Engine Dispatchable Unit list (not exhaustive)

* Can be many

Level EDU Purpose Similar to inOracle

Instance d b2sysc Main Syst em con tro ller Server

PROCESS db2wdog Watchdog - UNIX systems only, handles abnormal termination PMON & SMON

db2fmp Fenced process executes stored procedures and user defined functions

db2acd Autonomic computing for health monitor and automatic maintenance MMOM & MMNL

Instance d b2r es yn c Re-s yn c ag en t - scans the global re-sync list RECO

THREAD db2car t Invokes user ex its to archive or retr ieve log f iles (Archive Log) ACRn

db2fmd Fault Monitor keeps instances and monitoring up

db2ipccm In ter -p rocess l is tener - handles local client programs Listener

db2tcpcm, &others *

TCP/IP remote communication listener, & other listeners (depending upon whichprotocols are specified in the DB2COMM variable)

Listener

db2d isp Cl ien t connec ti on concentrator d i spatcher Dnnn & Snnn

db2wlmddb2wlmt

db2wlmtm

Workload Manager collects Workload Manager statisticsWorkload Manager Dispatcher scheduling thread

Workload Manager Dispatcher timer thread

DBRM

Database db2loggr Log reader - manipulates log files to handle transaction processing & recovery PMON

THREAD db2loggw Log writer flushes logs from log buffer to transaction logs on disk LGWR

db2s tmm Sel f-tun ing memory manager MMAN

d b2uext 2 Arch ive log m on it or ARCn

db2pfchr * Buf fer pool pre-fetcher

db2pclnr * Buf fer pool page c leaner DBWn & CKPT

db2taskd Background database tasks SNPn

d b2l og ts Tab le s pace t rac kin g logs which table spaces are in which logs CTWR

db2hadrp/s High Availability and Disaster Recovery primary and secondary server threads DMON

App lication db2agent * Various agent threads Server

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IBM Software


Server ArchitectureDB2 listing EDUs (processes and threads)

db2pd -edus

Oracle note:

On the OS use: ps ef | grep [SID]or

in SQL*Plus use: v$bgprocess

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IBM Software


Memory Architecture (with background processes)Oracle Linux/UNIX example

Redo LogBuffer

SGA

Oracle Instance

Shared Pool

Library Cache

Dictionary Cache

PMON DBWRSMON CKPTLGWR othersothersothers

UserProcess

ServerProcess

PGA

Oracle Database

Oracle Session *

sort_area_size

hash_area_size

bitmap_merge_area_size

create_bitmap_area_sizeMMANMMOMCKPTARCnSNPnASM

* Dedicated Server example

Java Pool(optional)

Large Pool

(optional)

Data Buffer Cache

db_2k_cache_size

db_4k_cache_size

keep recycle

db_cache_size - default

(e.g. db_block_size = 8k)

db_16k_cache_size

db_32k_cache_size

Streams Pool

(optional)

Other

PL/SQL Area

SQL Area

Control Structures

Latches / locks

Background processes

pfile, control files, data files, etc.

Result Cache

BV

24


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IBM Software


Memory Architecture (with background EDUs)DB2 Linux/UNIX example

* Database Partitioning Feature ** Can be controlled by DB2 Self-Tuning Memory Manager

DB2 Instance

Monitor Heap mon_heap_sz

db2agent

DB2 Database

DB2 Application

App. Shared Memory

aslheapsz di r_cache

App. Private Memory

agent_stack_sz

applheapsz

sortheap

App. Global Memory

app_ctl_heap_sz (WF *)

Audit Buffer(optional)

audit_buf_sz

db2fmtlg

db2wdog

db2gds

db2ipccm

db2dlockdb2pclnrdb2loggr db2loggw

Buffer Pools **

4k buffer pool8k buffer pool

16k buffer pool

4k buffer pool

4k buffer pool

32k buffer pool

Database Heap

logbuffsz

catalog_cache_sz

Utility Heap

util_heap_sz

PackageCache **

pckcachesz

Lock List **

locklist

Sorting **

sheapthres_shr

8k buffer pool

Other memoryareas

db2pfch

db2resyn

db2tcpcm

db2sysc

others

others

local

remote

db2syslog

db2rebal

FCM Buffs (DPF *)(optional)

fcm_num_buffers

rqrioblk

sortheap

database_memory

java_heap_sz

stmtheap

stat_heap_sz

Instance processes & threads

Database threads

BV

25


IBM Software


Parameter ConfigurationComparison

Oracle Parameter Fact DB2 Parameter Fact

300+ parameters for 11g 120+ DB and 90+ DBM parameters for 10.1

PFILE required at database creation Generates parameters on its own at instance anddatabase creation

DBAs use templates or pre-created PFILEs tocreate a database

DBAs use AUTOCONFIGURE to generate atdatabase creation

DBAs need to convert PFILE to SPFILE atsome point manually

The DB and DBM have SPFILE like functionalityby default

DBAs need to know those parameters that arestatic as they can only be changed withSCOPE=SPFILE

An instance restart is needed to make this takeaffect

DBAs do not concern themselves with scope asthey can change any parameter any time

Those parameters that require an instance restartor a database reactivation will display a messagestating this

DBAs check for scope change by looking in twodynamic views: v$parameter (current instance setting) v$spparameter (spfile values)

DBAs see parameters that have not been changed(deferred value) in the current instance anddatabase by using two administrative views: sysibmadm.dbcfg sysibmadm.dbmcfg

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IBM Software


Registry / Environment VariablesDB2s unique approach

DB2 registry variables Manage DB2 customization without the need for many OS environment variables simplify

your .profiles Allow for changes to DB2 without a system reboot Use db2set or use the Configuration Assistant to manage

DB2 uses only 2 specific environment variables (OS controlled): db2path, db2instance

Oracle environment variables

Variable example Function

db2adminserverdb2commdb2includedb2instance (e)db2instdefdb2ownerdb2path (e)db2system

Specifies which instance runs t he admin. serverStarted communications m anagerPath to include in SQL searchesCurrent instanceDefault instanceInstance owning machineDirectory where product is installedServer name id

Variable example Function

ora_cwdora_sid_pfileoracle_home

oracle_sidoracle_basenls_langrdbms_archiverdbms_controlsqlpath

Current Oracle directoryPath to init.ora fileEnvironment where products run

Default Instan ce (SID)Root of t he Oracle directory treeLanguage, character & territory setLocation of backup database filesLocation of backup database control filesLocation of SQL scripts

27


IBM Software


> db2set all [displays all set variables, including global ones]

> db2set h [displays help detail on this command]

> db2set lr [displays all available variables, set or not]

> db2set db2bqtime=2 [sets a particular variable to a particular value]

> db2set db2bqtime= [resets the value to its default]

db2 => !db2set all [interactive CLP mode requires OS ! invocation method]

[i] DB2COMM=TCPIP

[i] DB2AUTOSTART=YES

[g] DB2SYSTEM=potserver

[g] DB2ADMINSERVER=dasusr1

db2setThe profile Registry Variable interface

28

LEGEND

[e] Environment Variables OS controlled

[g] Global Registry Variables effects entire server

[i] Instance Registry Variables effects current instance

[n] Node Registry Variables (not shown) node controlled

[u] User Registry Variables (not shown) user controlled


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IBM Software


Command Line Processor (CLP)The three modes

The CLP has three modes:

Mode Comments

Command OS prompt, prefaced with a db2 before each command

OS commands can be mixed with DB2 commands:> db2 get dbm cfg | grep AUTO

> db2 select * from mytable > outfile.txt

Batch OS prompt, db2 and an -f option to designate the input file:

> db2 f inputfile.sql

Interactive CLP prompt, default: db2 =>

Can run OS commands with a !

> db2 [enter]

db2 => get dbm cfg

db2 => select * from mytable

db2 => !ls a

29

Windows Note:

The Windows operating systemrequires an OS shell to run DB2commands. It is invoked usingthis: db2cmd


IBM Software


CLP Help

> db2 ?

db2 [option ...] [db2-command | sql-statement |[? [phrase | message | sqlstate | class-code]]]

option: -a, -c, -d, -e{c|s}, -finfile, -i, -lhistfile, -o, -m, -n,-p, -q, -rreport, -s, -t, -td;, -v, -w, -x, -zoutputfile.

db2-command:ACTIVATE DATABASE GET CONTACTS REDISTRIBUTE DB PARTITIONADD CONTACT GET/UPDATE DB CFG REFRESH LDAPADD CONTACTGROUP GET/UPDATE DBM CFG REGISTER LDAPADD DATALINKS MANAGER GET DBM MONITOR SWITCHES REGISTER XMLSCHEMA

etc.,

GET CONTACTGROUP RECONCILE XQUERYGET CONTACTGROUPS RECOVER

Note: Some commands are operating system specific and may not be available.For further help:

? db2-command - help for specified command? OPTIONS - help for all command options? HELP - help for reading help screens

The preceding three options can be run as db2 from an OS prompt.!db2ic - DB2 Information Center (Windows only)

This command can also be run as db2ic from an OS prompt.

> db2 ? sql0100 [this is an example of an SQL message help request]

Tip:

db2 ? help helps youread and use help

screens-----------------------------------

db2 help launches theInformation Center

Tip:


screens-----------------------------------


Tip:


screens-----------------------------------


30


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IBM Software


Command Line Processor Option Settings

Backend process wait time (seconds) (DB2BQTIME) = 1No. of retries to connect to backend (DB2BQTRY) = 60Request queue wait time (seconds) (DB2RQTIME) = 5Input queue wait time (seconds) (DB2IQTIME) = 5Command options (DB2OPTIONS) =

Option Description Current Setting--------- ---------------------------------------------- ---------------------a Display SQLCA OFF-c Auto-Commit ON-d Retrieve / display XML declarations OFF-e Display SQLCODE/SQLSTATE OFF-f Read from input file OFF-i Pretty print XML data OFF-l Log commands in history file OFF-m Print number of rows OFF-n Remove new line character OFF-o Display output ON-p Display interactive input prompt ON-q Preserve whitespace for XML data OFF-r Save output to report file OFF-s Stop execution on command error OFF

-t Set statement termination character OFF-v Echo current command OFF-w Display FETCH/SELECT warning msgs ON-x Suppress printing of column headings OFF-z Save all output to output file OFF

db2 => list command options

CLP Options

Tip:Leaving the interactive mode

turns off your db2option settings!-------------------------------------------? options is different from list

command options-------------------------------------------Most db2option switches can be

temporarily overridden in a batchmode









Setting CLP option examples

db2 => update command options using a OFF [turns this off]

db2 => set DB2OPTIONS=+a [Windows alternative for the same thing]db2 => export DB2OPTIONS=+a [UNIX alternative for the same thing]

31


IBM Software


CLP Prompt Customization

> db2set db2_clpprompt=DB2 CLP %da@%d: [sets the prompt to look like this]

Database Connection Information

Database server = DB2/LINUXX8664 10.1.2SQL authorization ID = DBAPOTLocal database alias = SAMPLE

DB2 CLP DBAPOT @SAMPLE:

Variable Value Assigned During Runtime

%i The local al ias o f i ns tance cur rentl y at tached

%d The local al ias of database cur rentl y connec ted

%ia The auth id of the cur rent i ns tance at tachment

%da The authorization ID of the current database connection

%n New line

> db2set db2_clpprompt ="Yes Master? "

> db2set db2_clpprompt=" (Instance: %i, Database: %d):"

CLP RUNTIME VARIABLES

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IBM Software


CLP History and runcmd Commands

Command history [reverse] [n] displays the last commands cached

20 ascending is default display and 20 is the default cached

Set db2_clp_histsize registry variable to change cache size

runcmd runs the numbered command from the history cache These ONLY work in interactive mode

db2 => history

db2 => runcmd 3

db2 => history1 connect to sample2 list command options3 select * from sysibm.sysdummy120 select * from customer

db2 =>

db2 => runcmd 3IBMREQD-------------Y

1 record(s) selected

db2 =>

33


IBM Software


CLP Edit Command

Command edit [editor] [n] invokes editor with

Last history command [if not specified]

Number n history command [if specified by number n]

Number n from last history command [if specified with negative number n]

edit and edit -1 are the same command

Editor used default order

Editor named in the edit command

Editor specified by the DB2_CLP_EDITORregistry variable

Editor specified by theVISUAL environment variable

Editor specified by the EDITORenvironment variable

Windows - the Notepad editor; UNIX- the vi editor

After editor is closed

You will be asked to execute the above command (y/n)?

y executes the command and caches it for history retrievaln does not execute the command, but caches it for history retrieval

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IBM Software


CLP Command WindowBatch mode example

Batch or shell files can execute saved DB2 command files

These can produce yet other output files for various purposes

Here is a Generate RUNSTATS commands example -x to suppress column headings -td to set the end of command delimiter as @ -f to indicate input file name -z to indicate output file name

db2 connect to sample

db2 -x -td@ -f CLPxmp01.db2 -z CLPxmp01OUT.txt

db2 connect reset

CLPxmp01.sh

CLPxmp01.db2 CLPxmp01OUT.txt

select 'RUNSTATS ON TABLE'||rtrim(tabschema)||'.'||tabname||

ON ALL COLUMNS ALLOW WRITE ACCESS;'from sysstat.tableswhere card = -1@

RUNSTATS ON TABLE SYSIBM.SYSVIEWSON

ALL COLUMNS ALLOW WRITE ACCESS;

RUNSTATS ON TABLE SYSIBM.SYSVIEWDEPONALL COLUMNS ALLOW WRITE ACCESS;

etc.

35


IBM Software


CLP Command WindowSQLCOMPAT Running Oracle scripts with the CLP

First you need to set up DB2 enabling an Oracle environment

See slide: CLPPlus - Getting started by enabling an Oracle environment in DB2:

Then, you can do the following:

PLSQL_script01.sq l

CREATE PACKAGE BODY ClassPackage ASPROCEDURE AddStudent(p_StudentID IN students.id%TYPE,

p_Course IN classes.course%TYPE) ISBEGININSERT INTO reg_students (student_id, course)

VALUES (p_StudentID, p_Course);COMMIT;

END AddStudent; (more procedures and functions)/

The CLP understands the PL/SQL backslash /

Run the PL/SQL script using the CLP

36

db2 SET SQLCOMPAT PLSQL

db2 -f PLSQL_script01.sql


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DB2 Database Creation and

Exploration

22 slides

Burt Vialpando21 slides

Burt Vialpando

Lab 02 DATABASE


IBM Software


Database Administration BasicsManual database creation step by step comparison

Oracle DB2

#1 Set environment variables:ORACLE_SID, ORACLE_BASE,ORACLE_HOME

Set registry variables:DB2INST, DB2INSTPROF(DB2PATH is set during install)

#2 Create password file(using orapwd)

N/A DB2 uses external authentication, noneed to do this

#3 Create pfile N/A DB2 invokes autoconfigure automatically

#4 STARTUP NOMOUNT DB2START (to start the instance)#5 CREATE DATABASE CREATE DATABASE

#6 Build data dictionary views(using catalog.sql)

N/A DB2 CREATE DATABASE does this

#7 Build PL/SQL packages(using catproc.sql)

N/A DB2 CREATE DATABASE does this

#8 Update tnsnames.ora with SID(or use other Oracle Net method)

Optional CATALOG DATABASE in anotherinstance

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IBM Software


Database Administration BasicsStarting/stopping instances, databases and applications comparison *

Oracle DB2

STARTUP 1. DB2START (or START DBM)2. ACTIVATE DATABASE (or CONNECT TO

DATABASE)

STARTUP NOMOUNT DB2START

1. ALTER DATABASE MOUNT2. ALTER DATABASE OPEN

ACTIVATE DATABASE

SHUTDOWN (or SHUTDOWN NORMAL) DB2STOP (or STOP DBM)

SHUTDOWN TRANSACTIONAL 1. QUIESCE INSTANCE DEFER2. DB2STOP

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE DB2STOP FORCE

SHUTDOWN ABORT DB2_KILL

ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED QUIESCE DATABASE [IMMEDIATE / DEFER]

ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION [SID, SERIAL] FORCE APPLICATION [ALL / HANDLENAME]

* These are rough equivalents only to give you a basic idea of DB2 capability

39


IBM Software


Database Administration BasicsDB2 automating instance and database availability

DB2 Utility orCommand

Description AuthorityRequired

db2iauto UNIX only. Autostarts a DB2 instance upon a UNIXsystem boot.

In Windows, you set the service property for that instanceto "startup automatic (as an administrator).

rootor

SYSADM

db2fm UNIX only. Configures the fault monitor. Once the DB2instance is up, you use the DB2 fault monitor to keep itup.

SYSADM

dasauto The DB2 utility that will autostart the DB2 AdministrationServer.

DASADM

autorestart A database configuration parameter. If you set this, theinstance that manages that database will automaticallyreactivate it in the event it abnormally ended and initiate acrash recovery of that database.

SYSADMor

DBADM

sqle_activate_dbsqle_deactivate_db

Application programming interfaces (APIs) that anapplication can use to activate or deactivate a database.You application server and applications can control thisfunctionality if desired.

SYSADM,SYSCTRL

or

SYSMAINT

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IBM Software


Database Administration BasicsOracle data dictionary vs. DB2 system catalog

Oracle Dictionary vs. DB2 System Catalog contents *

Oracle Data Dictionary Contents

SYS.xxxx$ - Base Tables

SYS.V_$ or V$ - Admin istrative viewsSYS.GV_$ or GV$ - Admin istrativ e views (RAC)

DBA_% - System views all databaseALL_% - System views all ow nedUSER_% - System views all accessible

Oracle 11g can have 1,600+ entries in th e dictio nary

DB2 System Catalog Contents

SYSIBM - Base tables

SYSCAT - Read-only views, defined for

catalog base tables

SYSSTAT - Updateable views

SYSIBMADM - Admin istrativ e views (similar to V$_)

All Oracle di cti onar y views *

DB2 10.1 has 415+ entries in the c atalog

SELECT column-name FROM user_tables;

SELECT column-name FROM user_views;

SELECT column-name FROM syscat.tablesWHERE OWNER=user ANDTYPE=T;

SELECT column-name FROM syscat.tablesWHERE OWNER=user ANDTYPE=V;

* Registry variable DB2_COMPATIBILITY_VECTOR=ORA set before creation of a DB2 database will create anadditional 100+ Oracle dictionary views under SYSIBMADM. These include DICT*, ALL*, DBA*, USER*, etc.

41


IBM Software


Physical Database Storage ModelStorage structure hierarchy differences, DB2 vs. Oracle

Oracle & DB2 share a similar physical database storage model

Below shows the slight differences in concept & semantics

42

OS Block

Logical Physical

Oracle Block

Extent

Segment

Table space

Database

Datafile

Oracle

Storage Structure Hierarchy

OS Block

Logical Physical

DB2 Page

Extent

Object

Table space Container

DB2

Storage Structure Hierarchy

Storage Group (optional)

Database


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IBM Software


Physical Database Storage ModelTable space types, DB2 vs. Oracle

* DMS & SMS are used under the covers of an automatic storage table space

Oracle Table Space Types System & sysaux Non-System

Temporary

Dictionary Managed Locally Managed (default)

Permanent Bigfile Smallfile (default) Dictionary Managed

Locally Managed (default)

Transportable Undo

DB2 Table Space Types Database Managed (DMS) *

Regular Temporary (system & user) Large

System Managed (SMS) * Temporary (system & user)

Oracle table space storage settings

INITIAL NEXT MINEXTENTS MAXEXTENTS PCTINCREASE FREELIST/GROUPS

DB2 table space storage settings

PAGESIZE EXTENTSIZE PREFETCHSIZE OVERHEAD TRANSFERRATE BUFFERPOOL

43

Storage Group Data Tag


IBM Software


Physical Database Storage ModelDB2 table space creation & review

DB2 table space creation Only SYSADM & SYSCTRL authorities can perform this Only created & active buffer pools may be used in a CREATE TABLESPACE command

Buffer pools are dynamic & take immediate affect when added, dropped or altered DFT_PREFETCH_SZ can be set to let DB2 calculate optimal prefetching

To review information on table spaces, use: Data Studio (data source explorer) SYSCAT.TABLESPACES catalog view LIST TABLESPACES command

CREATE [ LARGE / REGULAR / [SYSTEM / USER] TEMPORARY ]TABLESPACE tablespace-namePAGESIZE integerMANAGED BY [ AUTOMATIC STORAGE][ SYSTEM / DATABASE ]

[ system-container / database-container ]EXTENTSIZE [ no-pages / integer ]

PREFETCHSIZE [ no-pages / integer ]BUFFERPOOL bufferpool-nameOVERHEAD [no-mi lli seconds / INHERIT]TRANSFERRATE [no-mi lli seconds / INHERIT]DATA TAG [ integer / INHERIT / NONE]USING STORAGE GROUP [sto-group-name]AUTORESIZE YES;

44

INHERIT means the tablespace will get its behavior

from its storage group

CREATE STOGROUP sto-gro up-nameON [path]OVERHEAD no-of-millisecondsDEVICE READ RATE no-megabytes-secon dDATA TAG [integer / NONE]

;

The use of storage groups isoptional if automatic storage

is not used


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IBM Software


Physical Database Storage ModelDB2 container types for DMS & SMS

DMS is for database managed table spaces All Oracle table spaces translate to DMS type

DMS is like an Oracle locally managed, uniform extent table space

Recommended for user data table spaces

UseAUTORESIZE is like OracleAUTOEXTEND

UseALTER TABLESPACEREDUCE to reclaim all space on table space

SMS is for system managed table spaces Recommended for the catalog and temporary table spaces

Operating system controlled No database alterations possible to the container(s)

More containers can be added to it only with a redirected restore

DMS - Database Managed SMS - System Managed

File DeviceDirectory

/database/tablespace/prod1

Oracle note:Oracle has no equivalent of

an SMS table space

45


IBM Software


Physical Database Storage Model FeatureMulti-Temperature Storage Support *

Maximize your newest and fastest storage for your most important data

e.g. keep only the data you need for instant access on your solid state storage

Extend the life of your older storage

e.g. keep infrequently used data on it

Utilize storage groups in the automatic storage pool to manage this with ease

Administrative commands make moving data between storage systems easy

Prioritize data by what it is and where it resides

Integrate fully with DB2 Workload Manager and InfoSphere Optim Data Growth solutions

46

Sto_Grp_Hot

SSD RAID(Very Fast)

Fibre Channel / SAS RAID(Fast)

SATA RAID(Medium)

2012 Q1 2011 Q4 2011 Q3 2011 Q2 2011 Q1 2010 Q4 2010 Q1

DB2 Range Partitioned Table

Sto_Grp_Warm Sto_Grp_Cold

tbspc9 tbspc8 tbspc7 tbspc6 tbspc5 tbspc4 tbspc1

FOR MORE DETAILSSEE MISC. TOPICS

Oracle note:Oracle ASM does nothave this capability.

* Enterprise ServerEditions only


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IBM Software


Physical Database Storage Model FeatureTemporal Data Management and Time Travel Query

Temporal Data Management gives you:

Time Travel Query capability without the burden of changing the application

or creating complex trigger/function/procedure solutions

Optimized environments for meeting audit and compliance inquiries

Standardized support for temporal INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE operations

Reduced risks, lower costs and DBA time savings

EMPLOYEES_TB

EMPLOYEES_HISTORY_TB

EmpID Dept System_start System_end

12345 M15 05/31/2000 12/30/9999

EmpID Dept System_start System_end

67890 K25 11/15/1995 03/31/200012345 J13 11/15/1995 12/31/1998

12345 M24 12/31/1998 05/31/2000

History automaticallymaintained by DB2

Temporal Data Management

SELECT Dept FROM employees_tbWHERE EmpID=12345;

SELECT Dept FROM employees_tb

FOR SYSTEM_TIMEAS OF 01/01/1997WHERE EmpID = 12345;

See dataas it is

right now

See data

as it wasin the past

Time Travel Query

Oracle note:Oracle does not have

this capability.47

FOR MORE DETAILS

SEE MISC. TOPICS


IBM Software


Physical Database Storage Model FeatureDeep compression* feature highlights

Dictionary based symbol for compressing or decompressing data rows

Lempel-Ziv (LZ) based algorithm creates a static dictionary based at the table level

A single table dictionary is stored within the table object for recurring large domain patterns

Compression is also done adaptively at the page level

Smaller page stored dictionaries are for the ever changing page level patterns

Data resides compressed on pages

On the table space disk giving significant I/O bandwidth savings

In buffer pools giving memory savings & improvement in performance

In recovery log disk & archive log tape

Compression is easy to implement and use

DBA just uses these keywords: COMPRESS YES

Compression done during insert, update, import or load

Table dictionary is built on the fly with Automatic Dictionary Creation after a 1 MB sample

Page dictionaries are built adaptively any time repeating patterns are detected

Compression done in many ways:

48

* Enterprise Server Editions only

FOR MORE DETAILS SEECOMPRESSION TOPIC

Data2 levels

Indexes3 techniques

XMLXDAs

Temp tables5 usages

Replicatedtables

Logarchives

InlineLOBs

Oracle note:Oracle has significantly less ways

to do compression than DB2


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IBM Software


Physical Database Storage Model FeatureRange partitioned tables *

Partitioning column

Must be base data types: No LOB or XML

Can be multiple columns

Can be generated column

Flexible DDL options

Short, long or mixed forms

Direct specific table space usage

Handy keywords: INCLUSIVE, EXCLUSIVE, MINVALUE,

MAXVALUE, etc.

Easy maintenance

Roll-in and roll-out ability

On-line SET INTEGRITY

Supports local indexes

Supports global indexes

Tablespace1

Table1.Part1

1


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IBM Software


Database AdministrationDB2 REORG modes

DB2 REORG Characteristic Classic In place (AKA online*)

Performance Faster Slower (up to 20 times)

Clustering Factor of data at completion GoodMay not be perfectly clustered(if activity is done during REORG)

Concurrency (access to table)No Access or

Read OnlyRead Only orFull Access

Data Storage Space Requirement Significant Not Significant

Logging Storage Space Requirement Not Significant Could Be Significant

User Control(ability to pause & restart process)

Less Control More Control

RecoverabilityAll or nothing;

it either succeeds or failsRecoverable

Index Rebuild ** Done Not Done

Supported for every type of table Yes No

Specify Index (other than clustering index) Yes No

Use of Temporary Table Space Yes No

* Online REORG not available with DB2 Express Editions ** Index rebuilds are done separately in Oracle

51


IBM Software


Database AdministrationDB2 Materialized Query Table* (MQT) vs. Oracle Materialized View

Oracle Materialized View DB2 Materialized Query Table (MQT)

CREATE [1] MATERIALIZED VIEW[2] PROD.DAILYSUM

[6] TABLESPACE TABLESPACE1 [4] BUILD IMMEDIATE [5] REFRESH FAST ON DEMAND [3] AS SELECTA.ORGUNT_SID ORGUNT_SID,

C.DPTCHRT_SID DPTCHRT_SID,

C.ANCDPT_SID DPT_SID,

B.TMFRAM_SID TMFRAM_SID,

B.STRTDT STRTDT,

SUM(A.ONSALEFLG) ONSALEFLG,

COUNT(A.ONSALEFLG) ONSALEFLGCNT,

SUM(A.SALES) SALES,COUNT(A.SALES) SALESCNT,

SUM(A.SHRINK) SHRINK,

COUNT(A.SHRINK) SHRNKCNT,

COUNT(*) RECORDCNT

FROM PROD.DAYTOT A,PROD.CALDTL B,

PROD.DPTCHR C

WHERE B.CAL_SID = 100AND B.TMFRAM_SID != 10

AND A.DT BETWEEN B.STRTDT AND B.ENDDT

AND A.DPT_SID = C.RPTDPT_SIDGROUP BY A.ORGUNT_SID, C.DPTCHRT_SID,

C.ANCDPT_SID, B.TMFRAM_SID,

B.STRTDT ;

CREATE [1] TABLE

[2] PROD.DAILYSUM [3] AS(SELECTA.ORGUNT_SID AS ORGUNT_SID, C.DPTCHRT_SID AS DPTCHRT_SID, C.ANCDPT_SID AS DPT_SID, B.TMFRAM_SID AS TMFRAM_SID, B.STRTDT AS STRTDT, SUM(A.ONSALEFLG) AS ONSALEFLG, COUNT(A.ONSALEFLG) AS ONSALEFLGCNT, SUM(A.SALES) AS SALES, COUNT(A.SALES) AS SALESCNT, SUM(A.SHRINK) AS SHRINK,COUNT(A.SHRINK) AS SHRNKCNT,COUNT(*) AS RECORDCNT,

FROM PROD.DAYTOT A, PROD.CALDTL B, PROD.DPTCHR CWHERE B.CAL_SID = 100 AND B.TMFRAM_SID 10 AND A.DT BETWEEN B.STRTDT AND B.ENDDT AND A.DPT_SID = C.RPTDPT_SIDGROUP BY A.ORGUNT_SID, C.DPTCHRT_SID,

C.ANCDPT_SID, B.TMFRAM_SID,

B.STRTDT)

[4] [INTIALLY DEFERRED]

[5] REFRESH DEFERRED

[6] IN TABLESPACE1 INDEXES IN TABLESPACE2 ;


52


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IBM Software


DB2 Database Partitioning Feature (DPF) *The big data solution

Optimized for data warehousing

Based upon a shared nothing architecture

Each DB2 node has its own part of the database to process

Coordinating DB2node

Collects results fromall other nodes

Divide and conquer

Each database partition runs a query on its own part of thedatabase and the final result is assembled at the coordinating node

Scale out by addingnodes to more

physical or logicalservers

Part 0 Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4

53

Oracle note:Oracle does not havethis shared nothing

capability.

* Only available through Warehouse Editions


IBM Software


DB2 pureScale FeatureThe OLTP for active / active continuous availability solution

Optimized for fast transaction processing with active failover

Based upon IBM clustering technology CF Member with RDMA

Modeled from a proven IBM mainframe Sysplex methodology to access shared data

Shared storage database (e.g. GPFS)

Standby CFmember getsupdates fromprimary CF

member

Primary CFmember

maintainingglobal buffer

pool and globallock manager

Each DB2 member has its locki ng, buffer pool & logfiles. Note: a member is NOT a database partition.

Interrupt free RDMA calls via network cluster interconnect

Add / remove DB2members dynamically

54


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IBM Software


DB2 Workload Management *Overview

FOR MORE DETAILS

SEE WLM TOPIC


55

User requestsUser requests




System requestsSystem requests

Maintenancerequests

Workload A

Workload B

Workload C

Service Subclass A

Service Subclass B

Default User Class

Default System Class

Default MaintenanceClass

DB2 Data Server

Default UserWorkload

WLM CLASS AIX2 (or Linux)

Service Super-class 1

AIX/Lin ux Wor klo ad Manager

Thresholds

Thresholds

Thresholds

Requests

Initiate all work inDB2 (even systemand maintenance

work) which will bemapped to a specific

service class.

Use default classes

if not defined. Threshold

Establish limits of use over adatabase, workload or service class

Workload

Is how work is routedto a DB2 service

class.

Serves as primarypoint of identity and

control for submittersof work.

Uses attributes likeapplication name,system or session

user, clientworkstation and soon, to map to each

connection

Work Action Sets

Work Action Sets

Work Action Set

Control specific types of activitiesover a database or service class

Workload Manager Monitoringdb2pd, Event, SQL Functions & Procedures

Service Class

Is where the work for adatabase is executed.

Is the primary point ofresource assignment,

control and monitoring.

Uses a 2-Tier hierarchywhich defines super-classesto provide commonattributes across

subclasses. This provides amore complex division of

execution.

Service ClassOn AIX or Linux

Each DB2 service class can

be associated with an AIX orLinux Workload Managerservice class for tight OS

integration.

Thresholds



BV


IBM Software


DB2 Geodetic and Spatial ExtendersGlobal vs. flat mapping

DB2 Geodetic Data Management Feature * Treats the Earth as a globe

Uses a latitude and longitude coordinate system on an ellipsoidal Earth model

Geometric operations are precise, regardless of location

It is built on the Hipparchus library, which is licensed from Geodyssey Limited

Best used for global data sets and applications that cover large areas on theEarth, where a single map projection cannot provide the accuracy required bythe application

DB2 Spatial Extender

Treats the Earth as a flat map Uses planimetric (flat-plane) geometry, which means that it approximates the

round surface of the Earth by projecting it onto a flat plane

These projections do cause some distortion which is characteristic of all flat-map projection

Built on the ESRI shape library, which is licensed from ESRI

Best used for local and regional data sets that are well represented in projectedcoordinates, and for applications where location accuracy is not important

For example, a medical insurance company might want to know the locations ofhospitals and clinics within a state or province

* Enterprise Editions only with Geodetic Feature

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IBM Software


Non-obvious Database Administration Term / Feature MappingDB2 vs. Oracle

Oracle Term / Feature DB2 Term / Feature

Alert LogDump files

Administrat ion Noti ficat ion LogDB2Diag Log

Archive Redo Log Archive Log

Autoextend AutoresizeData Dictionary System Catalog

Data Dictionary Cache Catalog Cache

Data Cache Buffer Pool

Data File Container

Dbms_repair Inspect

Dump datafile #block# (ALTER SYSTEM) db2dart

Enable Restricted & Quiesce Quiesce

Large pool Utility Heap

Library Cache Package Cache

Materialized View Materialized Query Table (MQT)

pfile or spfile (init.ora) DBM Configuration

DB ConfigurationStatement Cache Package Cache

Transparent Appl ication Fai lover (TAF) Automatic Cl ient Reroute

V_$ views (dynamic views) Administration Views (SYSIBMADM)

57



IBM Data Studio

Lab 03 DATASTUDIO

27 slides

Burt Vialpando


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IBM Software


Data StudioDatabase management and application development environment

Database and data object management features:

Supports DPF and pureScale databases

Data source connections: browse data objects and their properties

Editors and task assistants: data object create, alter or drop

Modification of privileges: data objects & auth IDs

Data manipulation: edit, extract & load

Data diagrams: visualization of data object relationships

Change impact analysis

Compare and sync databases

Save changes and undo them

Appl ication development features:

Editors & task assistants: create, test, debug & deploy stored procedures & UDFs

SQL Query builder, SQL & XQuery editors

Visual Explain

Routine debugger

Web services creation, XML & SQLJ development

59


IBM Software


Data StudioPlatforms, packaging and databases supported

Platforms supported:

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP Professional, Windows 2008

Packaging opt ions

Full client: Complete feature set, has Java IDE

Admin client: Lighter weight, DBA oriented, lacks Java IDE

Web Console: Separate browser based monitoring interface

Database full object management and database support:

DB2 for Linux, Unix and Windows 10.1, 9.8, 9.7, 9.5, 9.1

Database simple object management support:

DB2 for z/OS

Informix

Oracle

These database sourceswill not be a focus of this

presentation

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IBM Software


Data StudioBuilt on the Eclipse framework

Eclipse definition:

Open extensible Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Developed by IBM, donated to the open source community, managed byeclipse.org

Eclipse perspectives are visual containers for a set of views and editors thatare different for each context

Eclipse tools operate on files in a workspace

Workspace holds 1 or more top level projects

Projects map to directories in file system

Plug-in access via workspace and resourceAPIs

Eclipse benefits:

Full IDE support of: Java, C/C++/C#, PERL, PHP, HTML, JSP, EJB, etc.

Advanced drag and drop features

Open integration for other administrative and development tools Easy adding of new tools to existing installed products via shell sharing

61


IBM Software


Data StudioHow Eclipse based products work together

Operating System layer

Java VM JDBC

Eclipse Platform

IBM Software Development Platform

InfoSphere Optim Plug-ins

Eclipse (E) + IBM Software Development Platform (I) + Optim Plug-in

E + I + Data Modeling Plug-in = InfoSphere Optim Data Architect

E + I + Tuning Plug-in = InfoSphere Optim Query Workload Tuner

62


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IBM Software


Data StudioEclipse basic terminology

63

Perspective

A collection ofviews and

editors

View

Data ProjectExplorer

View

DataSourceExplorer

Editor

(SQL PLexample)

View

SQL Results

Editor

Properties

Customizable

Open, close or resizeviews and editors inthe perspective anddrag and drop them

anywhere.


IBM Software


Password ManagementSimple one screen capability

Manage all passwords and connections in one screen

64

App ly t he sam e username and password to

any or all databaseconnection properties


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IBM Software


ExplorersConnection working sets

Create a collection o f databases that you will be working with

65


IBM Software


Explorers Data Source vs. AdministrationHierarchical vs. flat presentation styles

66

Hierarchical Presentation:Data Source Explorer

Flat Presentation:Administ rat ion Explorer

All objectsregardlessof schema

Choosepresentation

type

All objectsfor a given

schema


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IBM Software


Administration ExplorerObject List Editor

Object Lists help you work with several similar objects at the same time

With flat presentation: work with several objects that have different parents

67

Tables

Listing, editing

and exploring

Schemas

Listing, editingand exploring


IBM Software


ExplorersFiltering the objects

In either hierarchical or f lat presentations, filter any object type

68

Filter schemasthat start with

GO

Filter tablesthat contain

ORD


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IBM Software


Task AssistantDefinition and options

A task assistant is analogous to a GUI wizard

A task assistant gu ides you through the process of sett ing opt ions for aselect database adminis tration command

Perform administration e.g.: backup, force application, grants, etc.

Perform object maintenance e.g.: create index, alter table, etc.

A task assistant can have these elements:

Settings area

Specify options and other input needed for a command to run

Command section

Displays the command being generated by the settings area

Optionally allows you to edit and save the command

Messages section

Displays progress of the command running or completed

69


IBM Software


Task AssistantExample: backup database (administration task)

70

produce these

DB2 commands

Thesesettings

Settings arein multiple

screens


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IBM Software


Task AssistantExample: extended table alter (object task)

Table i n alter state

Reviewchanges

Related

objectsautomaticallymaintained

Data

preserved

Columnsscreen

Add att ributebutton

Alter att ribute

71


IBM Software


Task AssistantExample: create / alter storage groups and table spaces

72

StorageGroups

TableSpaces


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IBM Software


Task AssistantExample: Managing authorities and privileges

73

Objectprivilege

management

Database

authoritymanagement


IBM Software


Executing SQLExample

Create, format and execute SQL from a powerful context sensitive editor

74

Edit / run SQL

Intelligent contextsensitive editor

[F5]

Format your SQL

One of the manyoptions

Validate your SQL

Use the appropriateversion


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IBM Software


Visual ExplainGenerate an interactive access plan diagram

75

Drill down intoany node to see

more detail


IBM Software


Analyze ImpactDiscover object dependencies

Easily see how your objects relate to each other

76

Impacted Objects

Diagram

Impacted Objects

Detail lis t


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IBM Software


Overview DiagramDiscover object relationships

Generate simple overview diagrams of your tables

By using defined RI or even inferred relationships through intelligent modeling

77

Move, change oredit any object or

relationship inthe diagram


IBM Software


Editing Data

Intuitive insert, update, delete interface

78

Documents

PoT.im.06.1.027.14 Presentation