Post WWI Social Change

1919-1929

American Presidents

• Woodrow Wilson 1913-21

• Warren G. Harding 1921-23

• Calvin Coolidge 1923-29

• Herbert Hoover 1929-33

The Black Star Line

1919

• Race riots erupt in Chicago and other cities. Marcus Garvey launches the first of his Black Star Line ships for the Universal Negro Improvement Association. This was the back to Africa movement.

1920

The 18th Amendment takes effect instituting prohibition.

19th Amendment1920

The Jazz Age 1923

Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington

Jack DempseyWorld Heavyweight Champion

1919-1926

Women in PoliticsMa Ferguson

Governor of Texas 1925-35

The Scopes Monkey Trial

John Scopes• The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas

Scopes and commonly referred to as the Scopes Monkey Trial, was a famous American legal case in 1925 in which a high school teacher, John Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which made it unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school.[1] The trial was deliberately staged in order to attract publicity to the small town of Dayton, Tennessee, where it was held. Scopes was unsure whether he had ever actually taught evolution, but he purposely incriminated himself so that the case could have a defendant.

• Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality. The trial served its purpose of drawing intense national publicity, as national reporters flocked to Dayton to cover the big-name lawyers who had agreed to represent each side. William Jennings Bryan, three-time presidential candidate, argued for the prosecution, while Clarence Darrow, the famed defense attorney, spoke for Scopes. The trial publicized the Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy, which set Modernists, who said evolution was not inconsistent with religion,[2] againstFundamentalists, who said the word of God as revealed in the Bible took priority over all human knowledge. The case was thus seen as both a theological contest and a trial on whether modern science regarding the creation-evolution controversy should be taught in schools.

• The trial is perhaps best known today for serving as the inspiration for the play, Inherit the Wind, and the movie of the same title

Gertrude Caroline Ederle (October 23, 1905 – November 30, 2003) was an American competition swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder. In 1926, she

became the first woman to swim across the English Channel.

Charles Lindbergh

• Completed the first trans-Atlantic flight. New York to Paris

Lindy

Flappers were a "new breed" of young Western women in the 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior. Flappers were seen as brash for wearing excessive makeup, drinking, treating sex in a casual manner, smoking, driving 

automobiles, and otherwise flouting social and sexual norms.[1] Flappers had their origins in the liberal period of the Roaring Twenties, the social, political turbulence and increased transatlantic cultural exchange that followed the end of World War I,

as well as the export of American jazz culture to Europe.

Lillian GishMovie Star