Positive Behavior Interventions and

Supports

Tertiary Interventions

Tertiary Systems

~80% of Students

~15%

~5% ~5%

Who are Red Zone Kids?

02468

1012141618202224262830

Nu

mber

of

Offi

ce R

efe

rrals

Students

Tertiary Interventions

Tertiary Systems

• More intensive supports• In-depth & continuous assessment (FBA) • Variety of sources & perspectives• Formal plans where necessary

(IEP & BIP)

Tertiary interventions are most effective when…

• There is a well-functioning school-wide PBIS system in place• Individualized support is conducted in a comprehensive and

collaborative manner• People who know the student work together with the building

PBIS team• The goal of tertiary interventions are to diminish problem

behavior and increase the student’s adaptive skills and opportunities for enhanced quality of life

How are Tertiary Interventions Implemented?

• Identify students• Identify goals of intervention • Gather relevant information (assessment)• Generate a behavior support plan• Implement and monitor outcomes

Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of PBIS in addressing the

challenges of behaviors that are dangerous, highly disruptive, and impede

learning.

Responding to Serious Misbehavior

The Cycle of Acting Out Behavior

• Understand the cycle• Recognize the signs• Know how to respond during each phase

When the Volcano Blows!

Calm

Trigger

Peak

De-escalation

Recovery

Agitation

Acceleration

Walker, Colvin, & Ramsey 1995

Behavior Intervention Plan

What is a BIP? When & why do a BIP? Examples How to do a BIP Practice

What is a BIP?

A plan to:• Teach desired behavior• Reduce or eliminate problem behavior

When & Why do a BIP?• A student with or without

disabilities displays behavior that interferes with his/her learning or that of others

• A student’s behavior results in a change of placement

How to do a BIP

• First do a FBA (Functional Behavior Assessment)

• A FBA must include an ABC

BIP, FBA, ABC!Sounds Like ALPHABETSoup to me!

4 Parts to a BIP

• Plan– Describe & diagnose the problem (FBA)– Determine a solution

• Prevention: Environment• Instruction: Monitor & adjust• Crisis Plan

FBA = Functional Behavior Assessment

• Process to help determine motivation of the student’s behavior

• Gather information–Review records– Interviews–Observations - ABC

What is an ABC?

A method of observing behavior noting:

When - before = Antecedent

What is the problem = Behavior

Why - after = Consequence

This helps us determine the function of the behavior

What is Behavior?

• Communication through action• Learned• Serves 3 functions

– Get something– Avoid something– Automatic

• Continues because certain outcomes are likely

BIG IDEA

• It takes time and support to change behaviors

• Consistency for 30, 90, … days depending on the nature of the behavior and the supports–Alcoholics Anonymous–Weight Watchers

Crisis Plan

• The crisis plan is what will be done if the behavior presents a safety concern and not what we do when the student is not compliant.

• The plan needs to describe what will be done and who will implement.– Crisis Prevention Team– School Intervention Team

Why BIPs don’t work

1. No plan or the plan is so general that it is meaningless

2. Plan not based on the function of the behavior – no data

3. The plan is not followed accurately by all involved at all times

4. No data on effectiveness collected

5. No common understanding of “success”

What have you learned about Positive Behavior Interventions

and Supports?• Green/Universal Primary• Yellow Secondary• Red Tertiary