Populismand

Jim Crow

“The Haymarket Riot,” Harper’s Weekly, May 15, 1886

The Pullman Strike, 1893-1894; socialist leader Eugene V. Debs arrested

Sioux drawing, The Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876

Photograph, the burial of the Sioux killed at the Wounded Knee, 1890

A Populist family from Nebraska

“Which Will Win?” New York Graphic, 1973

Cartoon about Populist unity

Cartoon about Silver and Gold Standard controversy, Houston Daily Post, 1896

William Jennings Bryan Swallowing the Democratic Party, Judge, 1896

Election map of 1896 - republican candidate, William McKinley wins

Samuel Gompers, founder and president of the American Federation of Labor

Mary Elizabeth Lease, Speech, 1890

[speaks to an audience of women] “Speech to the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union”

[equality] … there is no difference between the brain of an intelligent woman and the brain of an intelligent man.

[participation] … The doors of the Farmers’ Alliance were thrown open wide to women of the land. … we find at the present time upward of a half-million women in the Alliance …

[political power] … to these women, unknown and uncrowned, belongs the honor of defeating for reelection to the United States Senate of a man [who argued that] “a woman could not and should not vote because she was a woman.”

[addresses white demands only] … as grand Senator [William Morris] Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, “For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till to-day the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst—the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?”

Editorial cartoon on Plessy v. Ferguson

Jim Crow, a minstrel theater character used to name the practice of segregation

Separate water fountains and coolers, 1939

Separate movie theater entrance, 1939

Lynching postcard

Booker T. Washington

Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise Speech

A ship lost at sea for many days suddenly sighted a friendly vessel. From the mast of the unfortunate vessel was seen a signal: “Water, water. We die of thirst.” The answer from the friendly vessel at once came back: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” A second time, the signal, “Water, send us water!” went up from the distressed vessel. And was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” A third and fourth signal for water was answered: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” The captain of the distressed vessel, at last heeding the injunction, cast down his bucket and it came up full of fresh, sparkling water from the mouth of the Amazon River.

To those of my race who depend on bettering their condition in a foreign land, or who underestimate the importance of preservating friendly relations with the southern white man who is their next door neighbor, I would say: “Cast down your bucket where you are.” Cast it down, making friends in every manly way of the people of all races, by whom you are surrounded.

W. E. B. DuBois

U.S. Presidents, 1877-Present

Rutherford B. Hayes, 1877-1881James Garfield, 1881Chester Arthur, 1881-1885Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1993Grover Cleveland, 1993-1997William McKinley, 1897-1901Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909William H. Taft, 1909-1913Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921Warren Harding, 1921-1923Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929Herbert Hoover, 1929-1933

Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1933-1945Harry Truman, 1945-1953Dwight Eisenhower, 1953-1961John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963Lyndon Johnson, 1963-1969Richard Nixon, 1969-1974Gerald Ford, 1974-77Jimmy Carter, 1977-1981Ronald Reagan, 1981-1989George H.W. Bush, 1989-1993William J. Clinton, 1993-2001George W. Bush, 2001-present