Population and settlementHow well does your chosen

settlement fit urban land use models?

Controlled Assessment 2014

• Is worth 25% of your controlled assessment

• Some work is under low levels of control• The Analysis / Conclusion and Evaluation have

to be done in class under ‘high levels’ of control• You will be given a folder- work must be kept in

it- and not taken home

Your fieldwork focus

The question:-

How well does your

chosen settlement fit urban land use

models?

• Place focus• Describe the location of our chosen field visit

area within the UK• Describe the location of the field visit places• Produce your own map or maps to show these

locations- there should be 3 maps- one at national, 1 at regional and 1 at local scale

• Give some background information into the history of the area, population etc.

Setting the scene

• Present on A4 paper- label the maps Fig1, Fig 2 and give clear titles

• Draw your own maps and/ or adapt maps from the internet

• You must fully acknowledge any internet maps used by quoting the full address line

Top tips for Maps

I searched in google for ‘Scunthorpe map’

You need- a national map / regional map

Use Streetmap or getamap for the detailed map

https://www.streetmap.co.uk/map.srf?x=489166&y=411072&z=120&sv=scunthorpe&st=3&tl=Map+of+Scunthorpe,+North+Lincolnshire+[Town]&searchp=ids.srf&mapp=map.srf

Transect 1

Transect 2

Transect 2

Geography Focus• Explain the meaning of the key question. How well does your

chosen settlement fit urban land use models?

• Describe what land use is- suggest several different examples- define- photos???

• Introduce the Burgess and Hoyt models as well as the

• Suggest possible reasons to explain why the features produced are different to each other.

• Do NOT present any detailed evidence to support your ideas at this stage. This is part of the Presentation, Analysis and Conclusion stages using evidence / data from the field visit.

Land Use

• Land use- is what purpose the land in cities is being used for

• Residential- housing types: detached, semi detached, terraced, apartments, maisonettes

• Commercial- retailing, warehousing, offices, hotels• Administrative- offices, government, public utilities• Other public services- schools, hospitals, swimming

pools, cemeteries etc• Transport- roads, railways, canals• Industrial- factories, power stations• Recreational- parks, playing fields, allotments• Non-functional- derelict land, waste land

Land use

What is a land use model?

Why does land use vary within an urban area?

What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)?

What are the characteristics of the inner city?

What are the characteristics of the suburbs?

Lear

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Land use models

Geographers use models to help them understand reality. Land use models tell us where we might expect to find different land uses like high quality housing or industry. They also help to explain the pattern of growth of a city.

Why do geographers study models?

Land use models – Concentric Model

original settlement

Burgess based his studies on Chicago. He claimed that most towns and cities grow outwards from an old centre and equally in all directions.

In Britain, many towns grew rapidly in the nineteenth- and twentieth-centuries.

Why do you think that was the case?

Concentric Model

This inner city area is also known as the ‘Zone of Transition’ or the ‘Twilight Zone’.

suburbs

inner city

Concentric Model

Land use models – Sector Model

Hoyt developed his model after the introduction of public transport. He claimed that land uses developed in sectors along main transport routes.

Urban models

1) Which of these models is the ‘Concentric Model’?

2) What labels are missing from the key?

3) List the similarities and differences between the models.

What is a land use model?

Why does land use vary within an urban area?

What are the characteristics of the Central Business District (CBD)?

What are the characteristics of the inner city?

What are the characteristics of the suburbs?

Lear

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Why does land use vary?

Land values are a major influence on land use patterns.

Land values

Space

Age

Accessibility

Wealth of the inhabitants

Planning policies

Why does land use vary?

Land values are a major influence on land use patterns, but they are not the only factor:

Simple transect across a city

CBDinner city inner citysuburbs suburbs

objectives

• To understand what the characteristics of CBDs and Inner City areas are

• To understand what factors influence development in CBDs and inner city areas

• To understand how CBDs and inner citys are changing

Success criteria

• Will describe 4 features of land use in CBDs• Will have a description of what factors

influence CBD characteristics• Will describe 4 changes taking place in CBDs• 3 main types of land use in Inner cities• Will give 2 reasons for why industry located

there• Complete Q2a-e

What are the characteristics of the zones?

Land Use Zones

• CBD• Inner City• Suburbs• Rural Urban Fringe

CBD characteristics• It contains main public buildings such as libraries, churches,

stations and town halls. • It contains specialist shops and branches of major department

stores such as House of Fraser’s. • It contains social amenities such as cinema halls, clubs and

theatres. • Although buildings are open to the public there is no area for

housing. However, there may be hotels. • Industry is not present. • It contains offices and other professional buildings. • These buildings tend to be taller than other buildings in the city

because it is cheaper to buy a small plot of land and build upwards than buying a huge plot of land and only building one or two floors.

• Pedestrian levels are particularly high and parking restrictions are greatest.

• Geographical centre of the settlement. • It is likely to contain a region with the greatest land value. • Transportation such as trains, underground metro services and

park and ride services • High concentration of traffic. • High use of public transportation. • High employment rate

Why is it like that?

• Accessibility- main roads from the suburbs and surrounding towns meet. It has been, until congestion of the present day, the easiest place to reach

• Land Values- these are highest in the CBD where space to build is limited and competition for land is highest. Land values decrease rapidly towards the edge of the city

Main roads converge on the centre

Main forms of transport

Little if any open spacePublic

buildings

How are CBDs changing?• Some retail has moved to the edge-

particularly electrical, DIY, furniture- empty shops in the centre??

• Some entertainment has moved away from the centre- nightclubs, cinemas

• Some shops close due to competition from supermarkets and changing shopping habits

• Redevelopment- pedestrianisation, new shopping complexes- the Parishes

• More bars in centre- try to make people to come CBDs in evenings

• Urban living

The inner city- zone in transition

What would it be like to live here?

Task

• Using P158-159• Read about the inner city• Answer Q2

Success criteria

• Will describe 4 features of land use in CBDs• Will have a description of what factors

influence CBD characteristics• Will describe 4 changes taking place in CBDs• 3 main types of land use in Inner cities• Will give 2 reasons for why industry located

there• Complete Q2a-e

Inner cities

Land UseTerraced housing

Factories

Roads

Shops

Waste land

Why here?Located on spare land- was the edge of the city then

Near to canals- was main form of transport then

Houses built next to factories- no forms of transport- walked to work

House characteristicsGrid iron pattern

No front garden / garage

No indoor toilet

Bathroom

No electricity

Disadvantages of living here?

Advantages of living here?

Suburbs and rural urban fringe

Characteristics of suburbs

• Semi detached houses- bay windows• Front/back gardens• Garages• Wider roads• Roads often with cul de sacs• More open space• Little if any industrial land use• Parades of shops / post offices

How distinctive is your chosen coastal study area??

What does it all mean ?

naturallandscapeslandformsfeatures

describeevidence+ data

explainprocessesreasons

Where is Mappleton?

information

• This work can be done at home

• Hand in finished work on A4 paper (copied up or word processed)

• Recommended word limit= 250-400 words [Total =2000 words]

• Hand in date =

The introduction