Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and ... · Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities Sabine Henning, Ph.D. Chief Sustainable Demographic ... Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific,

04/03/2019

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Population Ageing in

Asia-Pacific: challenges

and opportunitiesSabine Henning, Ph.D.

Chief

Sustainable Demographic

Transition Section

Social Development Division

1st COUNCIL ON AGEING

Ankara, Turkey, 20-22 February 2019

Older persons: many faces of one of the

major achievements of development

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Population ageing: a major achievement of

development (total fertility and life expectancy at birth, world, 1950-2050)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Years

Life births per woman (aged 15-49)

Total fertility (births per woman 15-49) Life expectancy at birth (years)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations,

Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

Population ageing: facts and figures (1)(total number of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population

Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and

Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

-0.1

0.1

0.3

0.5

0.7

0.9

1.1

1.3

Population 60 years or over (m

illions)

Africa Asia

Europe Latin America and the Caribbean

Northern America Oceania

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Population ageing: facts and figures (2)total (percentage of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)




0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Population 60 years or older as percentage of

total population

Africa Asia

Europe Latin America and the Caribbean

Northern America Oceania

15

20

20

25

25

26

45

45

45

53

65

69

73

85

115

Singapore (2000-2015)

Republic of Korea (2000-2020)

China (2005-2025)

Brazil (2010-2035)

Turkey (2010-2035)

Japan (1970-1996)

Poland (1966-2011)

Spain (1947-1992)

United Kingdom (1930-1975)

Hungary (1944-1994)

Canada (1944-2009)

United States (1944-2013)

Australia (1938-2011)

Sweden (1890-1975)

France (1865-1980)

Years

The speed of population ageing is rapid in

countries in Asia-Pacific (number of years required or expected for percent of population aged 65 or over to rise from 7 to 14 per cent)



Social Affairs, Population Division (2017) and US Census Bureau (2009). An Ageing World: 2008.

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Population ageing: a major achievement of

development (total fertility and life expectancy at birth, Asia-Pacific, 1950-2020)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1950-1955

1955-1960

1960-1965

1965-1970

1970-1975

1975-1980

1980-1985

1985-1990

1990-1995

1995-2000

2000-2005

2005-2010

2010-2015

2015-2020

2020-2025

2025-2030

2030-2035

2035-2040

2040-2045

2045-2050

2050-2055

Years

Life births per woman (aged 15-49)

Total fertility (births per woman 15-45)

Life expectancy at birth (years)




-10 -5 0 5 10

0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-8990-9495-99100+

Percentage

Female, 2000 Male, 2000




Population pyramid: Asia-Pacific, 2000

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-10 -5 0 5 10

0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-8990-9495-99100+

Percentage

Female, 2015 Male, 2015 Female, 2000 Male, 2000




Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific, 2000,

2015

-10 -5 0 5 10

0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-8990-9495-99100+

Percentage

Female, 2050 Male, 2050 Female, 2015

Male, 2015 Female, 2000 Male, 2000




Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific, 2000,

2015, 2050

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0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

Nu

mb

er

of

pe

rso

ns a

ge

d 6

0 y

ea

rs o

r o

ve

r (t

ho

usa

nd

s)

All other areasTurkeyUkraineRepublic of KoreaViet NamThailandSpainBangladeshMexicoPakistanUnited KingdomFranceItalyIndonesiaGermanyBrazilRussian FederationJapanUnited States of AmericaIndiaChina

India

USAJapan

Russian

Federation

Just five countries accounted for half of the

world’s population aged 60 years or over in

2017




China

0 20 40 60 80 100

0-45-9

10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-8990-9495-99100+

Female MalePercentage

Women comprise the majority of older

persons, Asia-Pacific, 2019 (percentage of older men and women in the total population by age group)




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• more likely to live alone

• less likely to have an

income, own property, have

a pension

• facing problems accessing

services (health, housing

etc.)

• more likely to be subject to

neglect and abuse

Older women are *.

51

58 56

63

82 81

89 90

77 7882 83

7681

7781

6872

6872

37

49

38

53

3137

3036

2000 2015 2000 2015

POPULATION AGED 60 OR OVER

POPULATION AGED 80 OR OVER

Pe

rce

nta

ge

re

sid

ing

in

urb

an

are

as World

Oceania

Northern America

Latin America andthe CaribbeanEurope

Asia

Africa

The older population is increasingly

concentrated in urban areas, 2000 and 2015

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World

Population Ageing 2017 (ST/ESA/SER.A/408).

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Madrid International Plan of Action on

Ageing (MIPAA)

Global guiding document on

population ageing

Priority direction:

A. Older persons and

development;

B. Advancing health and

well-being into old age;

C. Ensuring enabling and

supportive environments.

Madrid International Plan of Action on

Ageing (MIPAA) - Timeline

1st

Review

•2007 – 1st Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in China: Macao Outcome

Document

•2008 – 1st Global Review of MIPAA at the 45th and 46th CSD sessions

2nd

Review

• 2012 – 2nd Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in Thailand: Bangkok

Statement

• 2013 – 2nd Global Review of MIPAA at the 49th CSD session

3rd

Review

• 2017 – 3rd Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in Bangkok

• 2018 – 3rd Global Review of MIPAA at 52nd CSD session

2021/2022 ????

1982 – Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing

2002 – Adoption of MIPAA

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•The 2030 Agenda is a holistic agenda - emphasizing

the need to leave no-one behind

•MIPAA and the 2030 Agenda are complimentary -

MIPAA provides a more detailed action plan and will

support the 2030 Agenda

MIPAA and 2030 Agenda

Challenges of population ageing to be

addressed by policy options

SDG 1 – no poverty

SDG 2 – end hunger

SDG 3 – healthy lives at all ages

SDG 5 – gender equality for all women

SDG 8 – inclusive and sustainable economic growth,

full and productive employment and decent work for all

SDG 10 – reduce inequalities

Goal 11 – sustainable cities

� Social protection, including financing

� Gender equality and empowerment of women

� Non-discriminiation

� Accessibility

� Preventive and long-term health care

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Pension schemes in Asia-Pacific, latest

available data

• Supporting MIPAA review

• Population ageing an ICTs

• Capacity-building on

measuring population ageing

• Active ageing index

• Capacity-building on

pensions

• Research and analysis on

levels and trends in

population ageing

• Etc.

What ESCAP is doing *

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Population ageing agenda is an

agenda for all generations

THANK YOU!

[email protected]

WWW.UNESCAP.ORG

UNESCAP

UNESCAP

UNESCAP

UNITEDNATIONSESCAP

UNITEDNATIONSESCAP

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Documents

Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and ... · Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities Sabine Henning, Ph.D. Chief Sustainable Demographic ... Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific,