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Ms. Grilli

Politics and Business of the 1920s

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Set: At the bell

Interpreting Political Cartoons Journal Entree

y

The Elephant is the symbol ofthe Republican Party (GrandOld Party).

y Why is theelephant shaped likeateapot?

y Whatpoint was the cartoonist making?

y

Cartoon located onthe first slide ofthepower point

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At the BellInterpreting Political

Cartoons JournalEntree

y The Elephant is the

symbol oftheRepublican Party(Grand Old Party).

y Why is theelephantshaped likeateapot?

yWhatpoint was thecartoonist making?

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Normalcy:

y

Coined by Warren G. Hardingy This term cameto symbolize,to powerful businessmen,the

immediateabandonment ofthe foreignanddomestic policies of

Wilson.

y

This meanta returnto highprotectivetariffs anda reduction intaxes.

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y Kellogg-Briand Pack- 1929

treaty in which 64 nationsagreeto renounce war as a

means of solving international

disputes

y Isolationist foreignpolicy

y Fordney- McCumberTariff-

raisedthetax on imports to its

highest level ever- almost 60%

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Scandal in the HardingAdministration

y Thepresident mainproblem was hedidnotunderstand manythings hehadto deal with

y TheTeapot Dome Scandal- secretary ofInterior Albert B.Falls secret leasing oil- richpublic landto private companies in

return for money and land.

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he Business Boom of the 1920s

Onthe whole,the United Stateseconomy experienced steady

growthandexpansionduringthe1920s.Three factors fueledthiseconomic growth:

Machines FactoriesThe Process ofStandardized

Mass Production

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hese factors created a self-perpetuating cycle:

bettermachinery in

factories,

which ledto

higherproductionandhigher wages,which ledto

moredemandfor consumergoods

standardizedmass

production ledto

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Automobile industry

y Annual automobileproduction rose from 2 millionduringthe

1920s to 5.5 million in1929.

y By the late1920s,there was oneautomobile for every five

Americans,allowing,theoretically, for every person inthe

United States to be onthe roadatthe sametime.

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Two factors ledtothe rising

popularity of cars:

Cost--Theprice ofautomobiles declined steadily until the mid-1920s so that many well-paid working families couldnow affordto purchasea car.The ModelT Ford, for example, cost just $290

in1926.

Credit-- In1925,Americans made 75% ofallautomobilepurchases onthe installmentplan.

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Economic Effects of the Automobile:

Promoted growthof otherindustries.Especially petroleum,rubber,and steel.

Helped fuel thecreation of a

national system ofhighways.Automobiles required

better roads. AfterWWI, federal funds

becameavailable for

buildinghighways andamajor industry wasborn.

Created newservice facilities.

Filling stations,garages,and roadside restaurantssprangupacross thenation. Motels (theword itself is a blend of'motor' and 'hotel')

cateringto theneeds ofmotorists begantoreplacehotels.

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Social

Effects ofthe

Automobile:

Created a moremobile society.

Broke down thestability of family

life.

Broke down

traditional morality.

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A superficial Prosperity

y D

uringthe2

0s Americansthoughtprosperity wouldgo

on forever

y TheDawn of modern

Advertizingy Withnew good floodingthe

market, business relied

increasingly onadvertisingto

sell theproducts

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y Producinggreatquantities ofgoods

y Productivity increased,businesses expanded in size

y Buying many goods on credit

y adollar downandadollarforever

y The Installment Plan- enabledpeopleto buy goods over anextendedperiod withouthavingto putdown much money atthetime ofpurchase.

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Closure: Journal entreePick two of the questions below to answer in your journals. When you

are done do not for get to put your journals in the back of the room inyour classes box.

Closure Questions:

y What did Harding want to do to return America to Normalcy?

y What evidence shows that the United States was pursuing an isolationist

foreign policy?

y How did changes in technology in the 1920s influence American life?

y What evidence suggests that the prosperity of the 1920s was not onfirm foundations?

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Homework: Writing Response

y Directions:Homework must betypedandhanded inthe

nextday.

y Do youagree with PresidentCoolidges statement the man

who builds a factory builds atemple the man who works there

worships there? Explain your Answer.

y Think About:y The goals of business and of religion

y The American idolization of business

y The difference between workers and management

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What if?

y Directions:Listandevaluate five significantevents

from this section,usingatable. Inthe Evaluation

column,enter + ifanevent benefitedthe country, 0 if it

had mixed impact, or if itharmedthe country. Answerthesequestions under your chart.y Whicheventdo youthink benefitedthe country the most?

y Why do youthink so?