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PoetrySound and Sense
Reading Standard 1.3- Determine the relationship & purpose between different
forms of poetry.
Poetry is…
“the best words in their best order”Samuel Taylor
Colleridge
Rhythm
• The repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables.
• Provides the poem’s beatEX
U / U / U / U /• This lov ely flow er fell to seed.
• Meter- 2 syllables = 1 meter- creates a pattern
RHYME
• Adds to the music of a poem.• End Rhyme- when the sound at the end
of the line has the same sound as the end of another line.– Couplet- two consecutive lines that rhyme
• EX: The panther is like a leopard,Except it hasn’t been peppered.
-- Ogden Nash, from “The Panther”
RHYME
• Internal Rhyme- when the rhyme occurs within the line
• EX: While I nodded, nearly napping suddenly there came a tapping,
As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door----
Edgar Allen Poe“The Raven”
– Exact rhymes- uses the exact sound to rhyme• EX: napping & tapping- in these
two words the “a”, “pp”, and “ing” are all examples of exact internal & end rhyme.
– Approximate rhymes- near rhymes- the sounds are so similar that they “kind of” rhyme• EX: cat & catch or bat & bit
RHYME
– Alliteration- the repetition of consonant sounds.
• EX: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
– Assonance- the repetition of vowel sounds
• EX: She sells sea shells by the sea shore.
RHYME
Onomatopoeia
• A long word that refers to the use of words with sounds that imitate or suggest their meaning.
– EX:– POW! – ZING!
– CREAK – ZAP!
• Note: Comic books also use these words often.
TYPES OF POETRY
CH. 6
Lyric
• Usually written in first person point of view
• Expresses an emotion or an idea or describes a scene
• Do not tell a story and
are often musical
ELEGY
• Poem written for someone or something that has died.
ODE
• Long Lyric poem, usually praising some subject.
– written in dignified language.
NARRATIVE
• Poem that tells a story- a series of related events
•Usually includes an entire plot line- exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
BALLAD• Songlike poem that tells a story, often a
sad story of betrayal, death, or loss.
• Usually have a regular, steady rhythm, a simple rhyme pattern, and a refrain.
• Easy to memorize.
FREE VERSE
• Poem that doesn’t rhyme • It follows no specific pattern or
structure
EPIC
• Long narrative poem about the many deeds of a great hero.
• Are closely connected to a particular culture.
• Hero embodies the important values of the society he comes from
– Heroes in Epics are traditionally male
SONNET
• 14 line Lyric poem• Follows strict rules of structure- • Petrarchan:
– Rhyme scheme: abbacddc, efgefg– Pentameter & rhythm varies
• Shakespearean: – end rhyme: abab,cdcd, efef, gg.– Iambic pentameter: 5 meters w/ rhythmic pattern
that goes unstressed (u) stressed (/) throughout the line.
Works Cited
• information abstracted from: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. “Response to
Literature,” Holt Literature and Language Arts: Second Course. Austin, Texas. 2003.