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    THE PRINCIPLESOF DESIGN

    The Principles are like a cake. The elements are the ingredients thatyou can put together to make a yummy cake. If the ingredients for acake are mixed incorrectly, the cake will taste bad.

    Similarly, if the Elements of Design are used in such a way it ispossible the final work of art isnt successful.

    Each Principle of Design is like a cake flavor- chocolate, carrot, angelfood, etc!

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    B alanceB alance is the equalizingvisual forces, or elements,in a work of art. There are3 types of balance:

    Symmetrical bothsides of the artworkcarry equal weight

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    As ymmetrical onepart of the artworkcarries more weightthan the other parts.Overall balance isachieved by placingmany smaller itemsopposite the larger ones.

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    R adial the image radiates out from a central point in the artwork

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    W hat typeof

    balancedo you

    see here?

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    H ere?

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    H ere?

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    H ere?

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    H ere?

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    H ere?

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    EmphasisEmphasis calls attentionto a point in the artwork.The point of interest is

    usually in contrast to thesurrounding space.

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    H ow is the subject of this painting being emphasized?W here does your eye go and why?

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    C ontrast

    C ontrast is a techniquefor creating a focal pointby using differences inelements

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    C ontrast in this picture is made using line, value and texture.

    Size is also a way to create contrast in a picture.

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    W hy do you think the artistpainted her portrait thisway?

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    PatternThe repeating of an object of symbol throughout the

    artwork creates a pattern. The repetition may be

    organized or random.

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    W hat are therepeatingpatterns here?

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    W hich is moreinteresting to lookat: one soup can or many cans placed

    in a pattern?

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    W hat do yousee?

    W hat is beingrepeated?

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    W hat patternsdo you see in thisM.C . Escher drawing?

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    Mosaic, which is the creativeinstallment of small ceramic tiles, isa very easy and common way tocreate patterns in architecture.

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    This is another

    drawing by M. C .Escher. W hatdo you seehere?

    W hat does it

    remind you of?

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    Do you see where M. C . Escher got his inspiration?

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    Rhythm

    R hythm is theprinciple thatindicatesmovement by therepetition of elements. Visualrhythm is perceivedthrough the eyesand is created byrepeating positivespaces separatedby negative spaces.

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    W hat do you see?

    W hat does it soundlike?

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    MovementMovement is thecreation of theillusion of action or physical change inposition.

    C an you seeyourself slidingdown this image?

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    H ow does your eye movethrough thepainting?

    W here do yousee first and whatpath does your eye take?

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    W hich way are they spinning?

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    U nity

    U nity is the quality of wholeness or onenessthat is achieved throughthe effective use of theelements and principlesof design.

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    W hat kind of balance isrepresentedhere?

    W hat kinds of contrast doyou see?

    Do you see anypatterns?

    W hat is beingemphasized?

    FernandoB

    otero A Family (1996)

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    Do you see rhythm?

    W here do you see movement?W here are the patterns?

    W hat kind of balance does this painting have?

    Archibald Motley Nightlife (1943)