PNEUmatic Crane New

8/18/2019 PNEUmatic Crane New

1/26

CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE

SYNOPSIS

CONSTRUCTION

WORKING PRINCIPLE

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT DETAILS

MECHANIAL ASSEMBLY DIAGRAM

PNEUMATIC COMPONENTS DETAILS

ELECTRICAL WIRING DIAGRAM

COST ESTIMATION

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1


2/26

SYNOPSIS

MICROCONTROLLER is playing a ma!" "!l# in $%# &i#l' !& in'(s$"ial

a($!ma$i!n) T%# main aim &!" (s $! s#l#*$ $%is p"!#*$ +!", is $! a*-(i"#

p"a*$i*al ,n!+l#'g# in $%# &i#l' !& a($!ma$i!n (sing PNEUMATICS)

W# s#l#*$#' .MATERIAL ELE/ATING CONTROL SYSTEM

USING PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 0 as !(" p"!#*$ +!", an' +# %a# (s#'

p"in*ipl#s !& M#*%a$"!ni*s in '##l!ping $%is p"!#*$ +!",)) In $%is p"!#*$

$%# ma$#"ials a"# pla*#' !n a pla$&!"m an' $"ansp!"$#' &"!m $%# g"!(n' &l!!"

$! (ps$ai"s (sing a Pn#(ma$i* *ylin'#" ) T%is *ylin'#" is *!n$"!ll#' $%"!(g%

$%# 234 s!l#n!i' !p#"a$#' 'i"#*$i!nal *!n$"!ll#' al# +%i*% is ON3O55 6y

$%# *!n$"!ll#")

T%#"# a"# $%"## magn#$i* "##' s#ns!"s pla*#' a$ #a*% &l!!" &!" $%#

p("p!s# !& s$!pping $%# pla$&!"m) T%# ma$#"ials a"# $"ansmi$$#' &"!m !n#

&l!!" $! an!$%#" &l!!" 6y p"#ssing $%# s+i$*% in $%# ,#y6!a"')

7


3/26

CONSTRUCTION

T%is p"!#*$ *!nsis$s !& &!ll!+ing pa"$s

1) MICROCONTROLLER 6as#' *!n$"!l sys$#m

7) Ai" *ylin'#")

4) Magn#$i* "##' s#ns!" (ni$

8) 234 Di"#*$i!nal *!n$"!ll#' s!l#n!i' al#)

PNEUMATIC ELEVATOR

BASE

M.S.STAND

DOUBLE ACTING

CYLINDER

AIR CYLINDER

AIR *ylin'#" is pn#(ma$i* #-(ipm#n$) In $%is *ylin'#"is (s#' &!" sli'ing

LI5T m!#m#n$ ) T%# *ylin'#" an' pis$!n R!' is #ngag#' in singl# s!li'

(ni$) I$ m!#s a*"!ss (p an' '!+n) Ai" is s(ppli#' $! *ylin'#" in A9 an' A:

p!si$i!n) M!#m#n$ !& sli'# is '#p#n'ing (p!n $%# p"#ss("# !& ai")

4


4/26

SOLENOID VALVE

S!l#n!i' al# is '#i*#; +%i*% is (s#' $! *!n$"!l $%# m!#m#n$ !& sli'#)

T%is is a*%i##' 6y *!n$"!lling a *!il; +%#n $%is *!il #n#"gi


5/26

NOVOPAN PLYWOOD

MAGNETIC

SENSOR 1

MAGNETIC

SENSOR 2

MAGNETIC

SENSOR 3

HEIGHT ADJUSTABLE

BOLT NUT

PLASTIC PLATE

MAGNETIC PLATE

WORKING PRINCIPLE

MICROCONTROLLER *!n$"!ls $%# s!l#n!i' *!il $! a*$(a$# $%# *ylin'#"

*a6in (p an' '!+n) T! s$a"$ $%# !p#"a$i!n; $%# !6 is pla*#' insi'# $%# *a6in

an' $%# ON s+i$*% is p"#ss#' in $%# s+i$*% 6!a"') T%is s+i$*% s#n's $%# 78

'* signal $! $%# inp($ !& $%# *!n$"!ll#" ) C!n$"!ll#" gi#s $%# !($p($ signal as

p#" $%# p"!g"am) *!n$"!ll#" '"i# $%# s!l#n!i' *!il $%"!(g% $%# 78/ "#lay)

H#"# +# (s# 234 +ay s!l#n!i' !p#"a$#' 'i"#*$i!nal *!n$"!l al# ) T%is al#

is (s#' $! s$!p $%# pis$!n "!' !& '!(6l# a*$ing *ylin'#" a$ "#-(i"#' p!si$i!n

6#$+##n $%# A9 an' A?p!si$i!n)

W%#n $%# *a6in *"!ss#s $%# "#-(i"#' &l!!"; $%# magn#$i* s#ns!" s#n's

$%# signal $! $%# inp($ !& $%# *!n$"!ll#") C!n$"!ll#" s+i$*% !&& $%# s(pply $!

$%# s!l#n!i' *!il a$ $%# "#-(i"#' &l!!")

T%# "#-(i"#' &l!!" is s#l#*$#' 6y p"#ssing $%# p(s% 6($$!n in $%# s+i$*%

6!a"') T%# p"#ss("# "#-(i"#' $! !p#"a$# $%is sys$#m is 2 $! @ 6a")

2


6/26

CIRCUIT DETAILS

1) Mi*"! *!n$"!ll#" sys$#m

7) In$#"&a*# Ci"*(i$ &!" s$#pp#" m!$!"

4) P!+#" s(pply 74>/ A)C) $! 17 / an' 2/ DC

8) K#y B!a"' Ci"*(i$

MICRO CONTROLLER SYSTEM:

T%is sys$#m m!ni$!"s $%# #ngin# *!n'i$i!n 6y (sing PIC 1@5> 7

pin IC Pa*,ag# mi*"! *!n$"!ll#") T%# pin '#$ails !& mi*"! *!n$"!ll#" a"#

s%!+n in &ig("#)

T%# *i"*(i$ 'iag"am &!" $%is mi*"! *!n$"!ll#" 6!a"' is s%!+n 6#l!+;

@


7/26

MOTHER BOARD CIRCUIT DETAILS

in n! 72)T%# pin n! 1 is RESET s+i$*%))T%# INPUTS a"# *!nn#*$#' $!

p!"$ B )T%# OUTPUTS a"# *!nn#*$#' $! PORT C)@ MHF *"ys$al is

*!nn#*$#' $! pin n! ;1>)

Keypad inte!a"e;

H#"# s##n s!&$ mi*"! s+i$*%#s a"# s!l'#"#' in $%# main 6!a"' an'

$%#i" *!nn#*$i!ns a"# s%!+n 6#l!+)


8/26

PORT B (KEYPAD)INPUT & OUTPUT CIRCUIT

"# $ t% &'V inte!a"e "i"(it:

H#"# +# %a# $! '"i# $%# 17/ DC s$#pp#" m!$!") T%# 2/ signal &"!m

$%# PIC 1@5 > mi*"! *!n$"!ll#" is ' in$! $%# inp($ !& in$#"&a*# *i"*(i$)

TIP 17> Da"ling$!n $"ansis$!" is (s#' %#"# &!" %ig% sp##' s+i$*%ing p("p!s#

an' $%# Di!'# IN 8>> is &!" $%# sa$y !& TIP 17> $"ansis$!" '("ing $%#

*!llapsing !& magn#$i* &i#l' &"!m $%# s$#pp#" m!$!" *!il) T%is in$#"&a*#

*i"*(i$ is s%!+n in &ig)


9/26

5V TO 12V INTERACE

CIRCUIT

POWER SUPPLY $V DC AND &'V DC;

A 17 > s$#p '!+n $"ans&!"m#" is (s#' $! s$#p '!+n 74>/ AC $!

17/ AC )T%is 17/ AC s(pply is *!n#"$#' $! 17/ DC (sing &!(" "#*$i&i#"

'i!'#s) T%# !l$ag# &"!m $%# "#*$i&i#" s#*$i!n is "#g(la$#' $! 17/ DC (sing

17 IC ) 5"!m 17/ DC $%# >2 IC is (s#' &!" "#g(la$ing 2/ DC &!" $%#

p!+#" s(pply !& mi*"!*!n$"!ll#")

$%# p!+#" s(pply *i"*(i$ is s%!+n in &ig)


10/26

INTRODUCTION:

All $%# #l#*$"!ni* *!mp!n#n$s s$a"$ing &"!m 'i!'# $! In$#l IC=s !nly

+!", +i$% a DC s(pply "anging &"!m 92/ $! 917/) W# a"# ($ili


11/26

In $%# p!+#" s(pply (ni$; "#*$i&i*a$i!n is n!"mally a*%i##' (sing a

s!li' s$a$# 'i!'#) Di!'# %as $%# p"!p#"$y $%a$ +ill l#$ $%# #l#*$"!n &l!+ #asily

in !n# 'i"#*$i!n a$ p"!p#" 6iasing *!n'i$i!n) As AC is appli#' $! $%# 'i!'#;

#l#*$"!ns !nly &l!+ +%#n $%# an!'# an' *a$%!'# is n#ga$i#) R##"sing $%#

p!la"i$y !& !l$ag# +ill n!$ p#"mi$ #l#*$"!n &l!+) A *!mm!nly (s#' *i"*(i$

&!" s(pplying la"g# am!(n$s !& DC p!+#" is $%# 6"i'g# "#*$i&i#") A 6"i'g#

"#*$i&i#" !& &!(" 'i!'#s 8 IN8>> a"# (s#' $! a*%i## &(ll +a#

"#*$i&i*a$i!n) T+! 'i!'#s +ill *!n'(*$ '("ing $%# n#ga$i# *y*l# an' $%#

!$%#" $+! +ill *!n'(*$ '("ing $%# p!si$i# %al& *y*l#; an' !nly !n# 'i!'#

*!n'(*$s) A$ $%# sam# $im# !n# !& $%# !$%#" $+! 'i!'#s *!n'(*$s &!" $%#

n#ga$i# !l$ag# $%a$ is appli#' &"!m $%# 6!$$!m +in'ing '(# $! $%# &!"+a"'

6ias &!" $%a$ 'i!'#) In $%is *i"*(i$ '(# $! p!si$i# %al& *y*l# D1 D7 +ill

*!n'(*$ $! gi# >)/ p(lsa$ing DC) T%# DC !($p($ %as a "ippl# &"#-(#n*y !&

1>>H !& $%# appli#' "ms al(#) N!"mally

!n# al$#"a$i!n !& $%# inp($ !l$ag# +ill "##"s# $%# p!la"i$i#s) Opp!si$# #n's

!& $%# $"ans&!"m#" +ill $%#"#&!"# al+ays 6# 1> '#g"## !($ !& p%as# +i$%

#a*% !$%#") 5!" a p!si$i# *y*l#; $+! 'i!'#s a"# *!nn#*$#' $! $%# p!si$i#

!l$ag# a$ $%# $!p +in'ing)

)ILTERING CIRCUIT:

5il$#" *i"*(i$s +%i*% is (s(ally *apa*i$!" a*$ing as a s("g# a""#s$#"

al+ays &!ll!+ $%# "#*$i&i#" (ni$) T%is *apa*i$!" is als! *all#' as a '#*!(pling

*apa*i$!" !" a 6ypassing *apa*i$!"; is (s#' n!$ !nly $! s%!"$= $%# "ippl# +i$%

11


12/26

&"#-(#n*y !& 17>H< $! g"!(n' 6($ als! $! l#a# $%# &"#-(#n*y !& $%# DC $!

app#a" a$ $%# !($p($) A l!a' "#sis$!" R1 is *!nn#*$#' s! $%a$ a "#"#n*# $!

$%# g"!(n' is main$ain#') C1; R1 is &!" 6ypassing "ippl#s) C7; R7 is (s#' as

a l!+ pass &il$#"; i)#) i$ pass#s !nly l!+ &"#-(#n*y signals an' 6ypass#s %ig%

&"#-(#n*y signals) T%# l!a' "#sis$!" s%!(l' 6# 1 $! 7)2 !& $%# l!a')

1>>>µ&372/ &!" $%# "#'(*$i!n !& "ippl#s &"!m $%# p(lsa$ing

1>µ&372/ &!" main$aining $%# s$a6ili$y !& $%# !l$ag# a$ $%# l!a' si'#)

>)1µ& &!" 6ypassing $%# %ig% &"#-(#n*y 'is$("6an*#s

*LOCK DIAGRAM )OR POWER SUPPLY

STEP DOWN BRIDGE POSITI/E

TRANS5ORMER RECTI5IER CHARGE

CAPACITOR

2/ 17/

REGULATOR REGULATOR

MOTHER DISPLAY

BOARD BOARD RELAY

VOLTAGE REGULATOR:

17


13/26

T%# !l$ag# "#g(la$!"s play an imp!"$an$ "!l# in any p!+#" s(pply (ni$) T%#

p"ima"y p("p!s# !& a "#g(la$!" is $! ai' $%# "#*$i&i#" an' &il$#" *i"*(i$ in

p"!i'ing a *!ns$an$ DC !l$ag# $! $%# '#i*#) P!+#" s(ppli#s +i$%!($

"#g(la$!"s %a# an in%#"#n$ p"!6l#m !& *%anging DC !l$ag# al(#s '(# $!

a"ia$i!ns in $%# l!a' !" '(# $! &l(*$(a$i!ns in $%# AC lin#a" !l$ag#) Wi$% a

"#g(la$!" *!nn#*$#' $! $%# DC !($p($; $%# !l$ag# *an 6# main$ain#' +i$%in a

*l!s# $!l#"an$ "#gi!n !& $%# '#si"#' !($p($) IC17 an' 17 is (s#' in $%is

p"!#*$ &!" p"!i'ing 917/ an' 17/ DC s(pply)

$ TO &' V DC DRIVE CARD

H#"# +# %a# $! '"i# $%# 17/ DC l!a') T%# 2/ signal &"!m $%# PIC

1@5> mi*"!:*!n$"!ll#" is ' in$! $%# inp($ !& in$#"&a*# *i"*(i$) SL1>>

$"ansis$!" is (s#' %#"# &!" %ig% sp##' s+i$*%ing p("p!s# an' IR5 28>N

14


14/26

MOS5ET is *!nn#*$#' $! $%# m!$!" $! %an'l# $%# la"g#" *(""#n$ '"a+n 6y $%#

m!$!")

MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY DRAWING

PNEUMATIC ELEVATOR

BASE

M.S.STAND

DOUBLE ACTING

CYLINDER

18


15/26

DESCRIPTION O) PNEUMATIC

COMPONENTS

1) D!(6l# a*$ing ai" *ylin'#" +i$% pis$!n a""ang#m#n$)

7) Sp!!l al# 7 p!si$i!n 2 p!"$s al#

4) Pn#(ma$i* &i$$ings

a) B(l, %#a' (ni!n

6) 5l#i6l# %!s#s

*) Ai" *!mp"#ss!"s

DOU*LE ACTING AIR CYLINDER WITH PISTON

ARRANGEMENT:

I$ *!nsis$s !& a pis$!n insi'# a *ylin'"i*al %!(sing *all#' a 6a""#l)

A$$a*%#' $! !n# #n' !& $%# pis$!n is a "!' +%i*% $%# "!' #n' %as !n# p!"$)

T%is "!' #n' p!"$ is (s#' &!" #n$"an*# !& ai" an' #$#n's !($si'# !n# #n' !&

$%# *ylin'#") A$ an!$%#" #n' is a p!"$ &!" #i$ !& ai")

D!(6l# a*$ing *ylin'#" *an 6# #$#n'#' an' "#$"a*$#' pn#(ma$i*ally)

T%# small#s$ 6!"# si


16/26

DIRECTING CONTROL VALVES:

A 'i"#*$i!n *!n$"!l al# is (s#' $! *%ang# $%# 'i"#*$i!n !& ai" &l!+ as

an' +%#n "#-(i"#' 6y $%# sys$#m &!" "##"sing $%# ma*%in# $!!l '#i*#s) A

'i"#*$i!n *!n$"!l al# may 6# *lassi&i#'; a**!"'ing $! $%# *!ns$"(*$i!n !&

$%# in$#"nal m!ing pa"$s; as

1) R!$a"y sp!!l Typ#)

7) Sli'ing Sp!!l Typ#)

4) S!l#n!i' !p#"a$#' al#s

SOLENOID OPERATED VALVES:

S!l#n!i' al#s a"# #l#*$"!m#*%ani*al '#i*#s li,# "#lays an'

*!n$"a*$!"s) A s!l#n!i' al# is (s#' $! !6$ain m#*%ani*al m!#m#n$ in

ma*%in#"y 6y ($ili


17/26

$%# s!l#n!i' al# a*$i!n)

In $%# '# #n#"gi


18/26

In $%is p!si$i!n !& sp!!l; p!"$ A g#$s *!nn#*$#' $! $an, an' p!"$ P g#$s *!nn#*$#' $!

p!"$ B) T%(s p"#ss("# is appli#' $! $%# *ylin'#" pis$!n &"!m "ig%$ an' m!#s $%# pis$!n

"!' $! $%# l#&$) A$ $%# sam# $im# &l(i' in $%# !$%#" si'# is '"ain#' !($ $! $%# $an,) W%#n

$%# s!l#n!i' *!il is again '# #n#"gi


19/26

PNEUMATIC )ITTINGS:

T%#"# a"# n! n($s $! $ig%$#n $%# $(6# $! $%# &i$$ings as in $%#

*!n#n$i!nal $yp# !& m#$alli* &i$$ings) T%# $(6# is *!nn#*$#' $! $%# &i$$ing 6y

a simpl# p(s% #ns("ing l#a, p"!!& *!nn#*$i!n an' *an 6# "#l#as#' 6y

p"#ssing $%# *ap an' '!#s n!$ "#-(i"# any sp#*ial $!!ling li,# spann#" $!

*!nn#*$ !" 'is*!nn#*$ $%# $(6# &"!m $%# &i$$ing)

SPECI)ICATION O) THE )ITTING:

B!'y Ma$#"ial : Plas$i*

C!ll#*$3T%"#a' Nippl# : B"ass

S#al : Ni$"a$# R(66#"

5l(i' Us#' : Ai"

Ma) Op#"a$ing P"#ss("# : Ba"

T!l#"an*# !n OD !& $%# $(6#s : ± 1 mm

Min) Wall $%i*,n#ss !& $(6#s : 1 mm)

)LE+I*LE HOSES:

T%# Pn#(ma$i* %!s#s; +%i*% is (s#' +%#n pn#(ma$i* *!mp!n#n$s

s(*% as a*$(a$!"s a"# s(6#*$#' $! m!#m#n$) H!s# is &a6"i*a$#' in lay#" !&

#las$!m#" !" syn$%#$i* "(66#"; +%i*% p#"mi$s !p#"a$i!n a$ %ig% p"#ss("#) T%#

s$an'a"' !($si'# 'iam#$#" !& $(6ing is 131@ in*%) I& $%# %!s# is s(6#*$#' $!

"(66ing; i$ s%!(l' 6# #n*as#' in a p"!$#*$i# sl###)

1


20/26

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

ADVANTAGES:

♦ T%# Pn#(ma$i* a"m is m!"# #&&i*i#n$ in $%# $#*%ni*al &i#l'

♦ (i*, "#sp!ns# is a*%i##'

♦ Simpl# in *!ns$"(*$i!ns

♦ Easy $! main$ain an' "#pai"

♦ C!s$ !& $%# (ni$ is l#ss +%#n *!mpa"#' $! !$%#" "!6!$i*s

♦ N! &i"# %a


21/26

T%is (ni$ *an als! 6# (s#' in *lamping !p#"a$i!ns in *#"$ain a"#as !&

mass p"!'(*$i!ns +%#"# *lamping an' (n*lamping %a# $! 6# '!n# a$ %ig%

sp##'s) T%# appli*a$i!ns !& $%is (ni$ is limi$#' $! !p#"a$i!ns +%i*% in!l#s

m!'#"a$# *lamping &!"*#s)

TRANS)ER O) ,O*S *ETWEEN WORK STATION:

T%# g"ipping m#$%!' (s#' in a l!+ *!s$ a($!ma$i!n $! m!# $%# +!",

pi#*# &"!m !n# +!",s$a$i!n $! an!$%#") T%# *!m6ina$i!n !& an ang(la"

"!$a"y m!$i!n is $%# p"in*ipl# 6#%in' $%is m#$%!') T%# g"ipp#" %!l's $%#

+!", "igi'ly) T%# $! an' &"! m!$i!n is a*%i##' 6y m#ans !& $%# a*$(a$ing

*ylin'#")

TOOL CHANGING APPLICATION:

W%#n $%# pn#(ma$i* a"ms a"# ma'# small#" in si


22/26

PNEUMATIC CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

77


23/26

COST ESTIMATION

74


24/26

DETAILS COST R-.

1) D!(6l# a*$ing *ylin'#" (ni$7) 234 '!(6l# s!l#n!i' 'i"#*$i!nal *!n$"!l al#

4) M)S) $(6# s$an'

8) Mi*"!*!n$"!ll#" (ni$

2) N!! 6an B!a"'

@) Magn#$i* s#ns!" (ni$

TOTAL

18>>17>>

4>>

78>>

7>>

8>>

2>>3:

CONCLUSION

78


25/26

W# ma,# $%is p"!#*$ #n$i"#ly 'i&"#n$ &"!m !$%#" p"!#*$s) Sin*# *!n*#p$s

in!l#' in !(" p"!#*$ is #n$i"#ly 'i&"#n$ $%a$ a singl# (ni$ is (s#' $!

a"i!(s p("p!s#s; +%i*% is n!$ '##l!p#' 6y any !& !$%#" $#am m#m6#"s)

By '!ing $%is p"!#*$ +# gain#' $%# ,n!+l#'g# !& pn#(ma$i* sys$#m an'

%!+ a($!ma$i!n *an 6# #&*$i#ly '!n# +i$% $%# %#lp !& pn#(ma$i* sys$#m)

I$ is *!n*l('#' $%a$ any a($!ma$i!n sys$#m *an 6# '!n# +i$% $%# %#lp !&

*!n$"!ll#" pn#(ma$i* sys$#m)

W# %a# s(**#ss&(lly *!mpl#$#' $%# p"!#*$ +!", !n (sing pn#(ma$i*

*!n$"!l a$ !(" Ins$i$($#)

By '!ing $%is p"!#*$ +!",; +# (n'#"s$!!' $%# +!",ing p"in*ipl# an' (s#s !&

a"i!(s *!n$"!ls; s+i$*%#s; "#lays #$*)

I$ +ill 6# !& n! '!(6$ $%a$ pn#(ma$i* sys$#m +ill 6# an in$#g"a$#' pa"$ !& any

a($!ma$i!n p"!*#ss in any in'(s$"y)

On*# again +# #p"#ss !(" sin*#"# $%an,s $! !(" s$a&& m#m6#"s)

*I*LIOGRAPHY

72


26/26

1) L!+ *!s$ a($!ma$i!n +i$% pn#(ma$i*s : 5ESTO

7) El#*$"! pn#(ma$i*s : 5ESTO

4) Hy'"a(li*s pn#(ma$i*s &!" P!+#" P"!'(*$i!n : Ha""y L S$#+a"$

8) Basi* pn#(ma$i*s : 5ESTO

2) ///.0%%01e."%2

@) W!",s%!p T#*%n!l!gy : Ha"a C%!+'"y

) P"!'(*$i!n T#*%n!l!gy :R)S) K%("mi

http://www.google.com/http://www.google.com/

Documents

PNEUmatic Crane New