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PMBOK - Edition 5
PMP Exam Prep
Chapter 2Organizational Influences
& Project Life Cycle
Project Management Body of
Knowledge
PMBOK - Edition 5
Chapter 2• What are the three primary project organizational
structures?
• What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?
• What are the benefits of projectized organizations?
• What are organizational process assets?
PMBOK - Edition 5
Chapter 2• What are enterprise environmental factors?
• What is a stakeholder?
• What are examples of stakeholders?
• What is project governance?
• What is a project life cycle?
• What are project phases?
PMBOK - Edition 5
Chapter 1 Review• What is the difference between a program and a
project?
• What is the role of the PMO?
• What is the role of the project manager?
• What is the difference between a product and a service?
• What is the difference between a project process and a lifecycle?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are the three primary project organizational structures?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are the three primary project organizational structures?
• Functional
• Matrixed
• Projectized
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?
• Authority
• Resource availability
• Who manages?
• Project manager’s time requirement
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is the difference in a Weak, Balanced, & Strong Matrix organizations?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is an inherent problem with matrix structures?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is an inherent problem with matrix structures?
PMBOK - Edition 5
Tight Matrix
Colocation
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are the benefits of projectized organizations?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are the benefits of projectized organizations?
• More focused
• Teams may be colocated
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are organizational process assets?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are organizational process assets?
• Plans
• Processes and Procedures
• Policies
• Templates
• Life Cycles
• Knowledge Bases
PMBOK - Edition 5
Corporate Knowledge Base• Configuration management knowledge
• Standards • Policies • Procedures • Project documents
• Financial databases • Labor hours • Budgets
PMBOK - Edition 5
Corporate Knowledge Base
• Historical information & lessons learned
• Issue and defect management databases
• Project files from previous projects
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are enterprise environmental factors?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What are enterprise environmental factors?
Conditions not under the control of the project team, that influence, constrain, or direct the project.
PMBOK - Edition 5
Enterprise Environmental Factors
• Culture • Structure and Governance • Government and Industry Standards • Infrastructure • Human Resources • Human Resource Policies • Marketplace Conditions • Stakeholder Risk Tolerances • Political Climate • PMIS
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is a stakeholder?
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is a stakeholder?
• Person
• Group
• Organization
Stakeholder Analysis
Keep Satisfied 1
Close Management 2
Monitor (Watch) 3
Update with Information 4
High Power
High Interest
Low Power
Low Interest
Power / Interest Matrix
PMBOK - Edition 5
Stakeholder Examples• Sponsor
• Project Manager
• Project Team
• 3rd Party Providers
• Customers
• Functional Managers
PMBOK - Edition 5
What is project governance?
• An oversight function
• Provides the PM and team with: • Structure • Processes • Decision-making models and tools
PMBOK - Edition 5
Project Governance Framework
• Project success criteria
• Escalation process
• Communication process
• Decision-making process
• Change management process
• Project life cycles
• Stage gates or phase reviews
PMBOK - Edition 5
Project Teams
Dedicated vs. Part-Time
PMBOK - Edition 5
Virtual Teams
PMBOK - Edition 5
Characteristics of Project Life Cycle
• Starting the project
• Organizing and preparing
• Carrying out the project work
• Closing the project
PMBOK - Edition 5
Characteristics of Project Life Cycle
PMBOK - Edition 5
Project Life Cycles
• Predictive
• Iterative and Incremental
• Adaptive
PMBOK - Edition 5
Predictive Life Cycle• Also known as plan-driven
• Scope, time, and cost are determined early
• Preferred when the product to be delivered is well understood
PMBOK - Edition 5
Iterative Life Cycle• Project phases = iterations
• Develop product through a series of repeated cycles
• A deliverable is completed at the end of each iteration
• Preferred when an organization needs to manage changing objectives and scope or when partial delivery is beneficial
PMBOK - Edition 5
Adaptive Life Cycle• Also known as change-driven or agile
• Also iterative and incremental
• Iterations – 2-4 weeks
• Product backlogs
• Preferred when dealing with rapidly change environment and when requirements are difficult to define early