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8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
1/10
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
2/10C ECRD Publications
Measurement of ParticulatePollutants in Ambient Air
Initial approach measured the TotalSuspended Particulate Matter (TSP)
Much of the TSP would not enter thenose or be retained in the upper
respiratory tract. This led to thedevelopment of PM10 samplers.
It is now believed that most of thehealth impacts are related to Fine
Particles that reach deep into the lungsleading to development of Fine Particleor PM2.5 Samplers.
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
3/10C ECRD Publications
Measurement of ParticulatesFeatures of the Indian
approach Separation of Respirable fraction
through a Cyclone leads to:
a very compact instrument as compared to
the bulky Impactor based systems adoptedby the West.
Recovery of the coarse fraction allowingmeasurement of both TSP & RSP in thesame equipment.
Adoption of Sampling systems insteadof sensor based - direct reading sys:
Keeps costs affordable
Simpler equipment is easier to maintain
Minimal requirement of Calibration &
support infrastructure. Physical sample becomes available for
analysis of constituents
Use of Indigenous equipment ensuresavailability of Service Support
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
4/10C ECRD Publications
Evolution of the RDS
First developed in 1990-91 Two stage system for separation of
coarse and fine fractions, developed
in collaboration with NEERI.
Envirotech introduced the RDSalmost 4 years before RSPM wasincluded in the Ambient Air QualityStandards in India.
Initially introduced as APM451 andlater upgraded to APM460.
Today Envirotech produces three
variants of the RDS:
APM460BL
APM460NL
APM460NLDX
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
5/10C ECRD Publications
The Improved RDSEnvirotech APM 460BL
Brushless Blower
Sampling rate does not fluctuatewith variation in mains voltage.
Low equipment downtime andmaintenance costs.
Interference to TVs eliminatedand Audible Noise reduced to
less than half of previous levels. Castor Wheels added
for easier movement of theinstrument in the field.
Small bulb provided for easier
handling at night.
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
6/10C ECRD Publications
Envirotech APM 460NL
For Research & Intensive use Practically NOISE-LESSoperation
of the APM 460NL makes it ideal formonitoring air quality in residential
areas or near hospitals, libraries etc. Main features of the APM 460NL
Sampling rate does not fluctuatewith variation in mains voltage.
Brushless Blower designed fortrouble free operation even withintensive use.
No interference to TVs.
Low equipment downtime andmaintenance costs.
However the equipment is heavyand frequent re-location should beavoided.
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
7/10C ECRD Publications
Envirotech APM 460NLDX
Main Features:Flow rate
automaticallycontrolled tocompensate for Dustloading on the filter.
Auto Shut-off if flowrate drops below0.85m3/min.
Only instrument thatconforms to BIS
Low Noise and
Brushless Blower
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
8/10C ECRD Publications
Monitoring Particulates inAmbient Air - Procedure &
Precautions Preparation
Inspect the filter for pinholes,particles and imperfections. Assignfilter identification numbers.
Establish a system of filter batchnumbers & look-out for fakes.
Equilibrate each filter for at least 24
hrs. in a controlled environmenthaving:
Temperature 15 - 30 degrees C
Humidity 20-45%
Weigh each filter & record the initialweight. For HVS / RDS balance with0.1mg accuracy is required.
For low / medium volume samplers(flow rate
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
9/10C ECRD Publications
Monitoring Particulates inAmbient Air - Procedure &
Precautions Operation
Install pre-weighed filter, set thetimer, record Time-totalizer reading
and turn ON the sampler flow.
Allow it to establish normal runningtemperature and record flow rate.
If sampling rate is outside
acceptable limits check for leaks,filter displacement etc.
Record sample information - sitelocation, Sample date, Filter ID No.
On completion of sampling periodrecord flow rate and time-totalizerreading.
Carefully remove the filter - touchonly outer edges, and store in an
appropriate carrier.
8/2/2019 PM10 Measmnt
10/10
Monitoring Particulates inAmbient Air - Procedure &
Precautions
Post Operation
Work out the average flow rate.
Record any factors such asmeteorological conditions,construction activity, dust storm etc.that might affect your results.
Transport the filter to the
equilibrating environment as soonas possible.
Equilibrate the filter under the sameconditions for at least 24 hours.
Immediately after equilibrationweigh and record the post sampling
filter weight along with filter ID No.