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Lun vn tt nghip GVHD: Ths. Nguyn Hong Dng

PH L C

L I NI U

c m ln nht ca ngi k s thit k l

nm trong tay mt cng c iu khin mnh, a nng

v mm do. Theo pht trin ca cng ngh in

t, cc chip vi x l, vi iu khin, b logic c th lp

trnh, my tnh PC ln lt ra i p ng c c

m . V chng nhanh chng l nhng gii php

c la chn t ng ha qu trnh sn xut.

Trong nhiu nghnh cng nghip hin nay, nht l

ngnh cng luyn kim, ch bin thc phmB logic

c th lp trnh (Promamable Logic Controller ) l mt

thit b khng th thiu trong dy truyn sn xut. Nm

bt c tm quan trng ,nn chng ti tin hnh

tm hiu, nghin cu v ly l ti lun vn tt

nghip cho mnh.

D c gng ht sc nhng c th khng trnh

khi nhng thiu st. Rt mong nhn c kin ng

gp t qu thy c v c gi.

SVTH: T M inh L inPhan Thanh Nm

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L i cm n.....................................................................................................

Tm tt...............................................................................................................

Tng quan v ti.........................................................................................

Ch ng I :C s l thuyt v PLC S7 1200...............................................

1. Tng quan v sn phm.......................................................................3

2 . Phn loi ................................................................................................4

3. Hnh dn g bn n goi.............................................................................5

4. Cu trc bn tron g................................................................................6

5. u dy..................................................................................................7

6. Mod ule m r ng ....................................................................................9

7. Ph ng php lp trnh iu kh in.....................................................10

8 . Ngn ng lp t rnh..............................................................................119. Phn mm lp

trnh.............................................................................13

10. Tp lnh ca PLC S7-1200...............................................................19

Ch ng I I: L p t rnh ng dng PLC S7 1200.

1 . ng dng 1: iu kh in bng truyn ng gi t ri cy.................117

2 . ng dng 2 : i u kh in h thng t r n dng dch.........................125

3. n g dng 3: Dng S7 1200 ng m ca t n g .....................1274. V m t s ng dng k hc................................................................129

Ch ng III: K t qu v kin ngh .................................................................

1. K t qu ...............................................................................................

2. K in ng h .............................................................................

Ti li u th am kho.................................................................................

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L I C M N

Xin chn thnh cm n cha m, anh (ch em) to mi iu kin

chng ti c th hon thnh tt bi lut vn tt nghip.Xin chn thnh cm n Thy Nguyn Hong Dng tn tnh hng

dn v gip chng em trong sut thi gian thc hin lut vn tt nghip.

Xin cm n thy c b mn t ng ha v cc bn sinh vin cng

kha ng gp nhng kin qu bu chng ti c th hon thnh tiu

lun ny.

Nhm sinh vin thc hin:T Minh Lin (1063740)

Phan Thanh Nm (1063745)

Sinh vin k32

lp :iu khin t ng

nm hc: 2006 - 2010

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TM T T

T NG QUAN V TI

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Ch ng I: C s l thuyt v PLC S7 1200

1. Tng quan v PLC S7 1200

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Hinh 2.1. Hnh dng bn ngoai ca S7 1200 v cc module m rng

PLC S7-1200 ( Promamable Logic Controller) l nhng kt hp I/O v cc

la chn cp ngun, bao gm 9 module cc b cp ngun c VAC hoc

VDC - cc b ngun vi s kt hp I/O DC hoc Relay. Cc module tn hiu

m rng I/O v cc module giao tip d dng kt ni vi cc mt ca b

iu khin. Tt c cc phn cng Simatic S7-1200 c th c gn trn DIN

rail tiu chun hay trc tip trn bng iu khin, gim c khng gian v

ch ph lp t.

Cc module tn hiu c trong cc model u vo, u ra v kt hp loi 8,

16, v 32 im h tr cc tn hiu I/O DC, relay v analog. Bn cnh , bng

tn hiu tin tin c trong I/O s 4 knh hay I/O analog 1 knh gn ng trc

b iu khin S7-1200 cho php nng cp I/O m khng cn thm khng

gian. Thit k c th m rng ny gip iu chnh cc ng dng t 10_I/O

n ti a 284_I/O, vi kh nng tng thch chng trnh ngi s dng

nhm trnh phi lp trnh li khi chuyn i sang mt b iu khin ln hn.

Cc c im khc: b nh 50 KB vi gii hn gia d liu ngi s

dng v d liu chng trnh, mt ng h thi gian thc, 16 vng lp PID

vi kh nng iu chnh t ng, cho php b iu khin xc nh thng s

vng lp gn ti u cho hu ht cc ng dng iu khin qu trnh thng

dng. Simatic S7-1200 cng c mt cng giao tip Ethernet 10/100Mbit tch

hp vi h tr giao thc Profinet cho lp trnh, kt ni HMI /SCADA hay ni

mng PLC vi PLC.

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2 . Phn loi

Vic phn loi S7-1200 da vo loi CPU m n trang b:

Cc loi PLC thng dng: CPU 1211C, CPU 1212C, CPU 1214C

Thng thng S7-200 c phn ra lm 2 loi chnh:

Loi cp in 220VAC:

- Ng vo: Kch hot mc 1 cp in p +24VDC(t 15VDC 30VDC).

- Ng ra: Relay.

- u im ca loi ny l dng ng ra Relay. Do c th s dng ng

ra nhiu cp in p khc nhau( c th s dng ng ra 0V, 24V,

220V)

- Tuy nhin, nhc im ca n l do ng ra Relay nn thi gian p

ng khng nhanh cho ng dng bin iu rng xung, hoc Outputtc cao

Loi cp in p 24VDC:

- Ng vo: Kch hot mc 1 cp in p +24VDC( t 15VDC

30VDC).

- Ng ra: transistor

- u im ca loi ny l dng ng ra transistor. Do c th s dng

ng ra ny bin iu rng xung, Output tc cao- Tuy nhin, nhc im ca loi ny l do ng ra transistor nn ch c

th s dng mt cp in p duy nht l 24VDC, do vy s gp rc ri

trong nhng ng dng c cp in p khc nhau. Trong trng hp

ny, phi thng qua mt Relay 24VDC m.

Bng 1.1: cc c im c bn ca s7-1200

c trng CPU 1211C CPU 1212C CPU 1214C

Kch tht(mm) 90 x 100 x 75 110 x 100 x 75

B nh ngi dng B nh lm vic

B nh ti

B nh s kin

25 Kbytes

1 Mbytes

2 Kbytes

50 Kbytes

2 Mbytes

2 Kbytes

Phn vng I/O

Digital I/O

Analog I

6 inputs / 4

outputs

2 inputs

8 inputs / 6 outputs

2 inputs

14 inputs / 10

outputs

2 inputs

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ERROR (mu ): mu ERROR bo hiu vic thc hin chng

trnh xy ra li.

MAINT (Maintenance): led chy bo hiu vic c th nh c gn vo

hay khng.

LINK: Mu xanh bo hiu vic kt ni vi tnh thnh cng.

Rx / Tx: n vng nhp nhy bo hiu tn hiu c truyn.

n cng vo ra:

Ix.x (n xanh): n xanh cng vo bo hiu trng thi tc thi ca

cng Ix.x. n ny bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr ca cng

tc.

Qx.x(n xanh): n xanh cng ra bo hiu trng thi tc thi ca

cng Qx.x. n ny bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic

ca cng.

4. Cu trc bn tron g.

Cng ging nh cc PLC cng h khc, PLC S7-1200 gm 4 b phn c

bn: b x l, b nh, b ngun, giao tip xut / nhp.

- B x l cn c gi l b x l trung tm (CPU), cha b vi x l,

bin dch cc tn hiu nhp v thc hin cc hot ng iu khin theo

chng trnh c lu trong b nh ca PLC. Truyn cc quyt nh didng tn hiu hot ng n cc thit b xut.

- B ngun c nhim v chuyn i in p AC thnh in p DC (24V)

cn thit cho b x l v cc mch in trong cc module giao tip nhp v

xut hot ng.

- B nh l ni lu tr chng trnh c s dng cho cc hot ng

iu khin di s kim sot ca b vi x l.

- Cc thnh phn nhp v xut (input / output) l ni b nh nhn thngtin t cc thit b ngoi vi v truyn thng tin n cc thit b iu khin. Tn

hiu nhp c th t cc cng tc, cc b cm bin, Cc thit b xut c th

l cc cun dy ca b khi ng ng c, cc van solenoid,

- Chng trnh iu khin c np vo b nh nh s tr gip ca b

lp trnh hay bng my vi tnh.

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Hnh 2.3: cu trc bn trong

5. u dy .

y ta chn CPU 1212C, trnh by u dy tiu biu:

Chng ta c th cung cp ngun 24VDC hay 100 230VAC cho PLC v

cc thng s in p c th hin (Hinh 5).

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Hinh 2.4 . S u dy S7 -1200 / CPU 1214

Ngun cung cp cho PLC l 100 230VAC vi tn s t 47Hz 63Hz.

in p c th thay i trong khong t 85V 264V . 264V dng in tiu

th l 20A.

Ngun cung cp l 24VDC. in p c th thay i trong khong

20.4V - 28.8V. 28.8V dng in tiu th l 12A.

Cc ng vo c tc ng mc in th tiu biu l 24VDC. Cc ngra ca PLC mc 0 khi cng tc h hay in p 15VDC. Thi gian i trng thi t 0 ln 1

v t 1 xung 0 ti thiu l 0.1us PLC nhn bit c.

Cc ng ra c th l 5VDC 30VDC hay 5VAC 250VAC. Ty theo yu

cu thc t m ta c th ni ngun khc nhau ph hp vi ng dng ca

n.

6. Mo du le m r n g.

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Hnh 2.5: hnh dng cc mun

H PLC S7-1200 cung cp nhiu nht 8 module tn hiu a dng v 1

mch tn hiu cho b x l c kh nng m rng. Ngoi ra bn cng c th

ci t thm 3 module giao tip nh vo cc giao thc truyn thng.

Bng 2.2: thng s cc mun

Module Ng vo Ng ra Ng vo / ra

Module tn

hiu (SM)

Digital 8 x DC 8 x DC

8 x Relay

8 x DC / 8 x DC

16 x DC / 8 x Relay

16 x DC 16 x DC

16 x Relay

16 x DC / 16 x DC

16 x DC / 16 x Relay

Analog 4 x Analog 2 x Analog 4 x Analog / 2 x

Analog

board tn hiu

(SB)

Digital - - 2 x DC / 2 x DC

Analog - 1 x Analog -

Module giao tip (CM)

RS485

RS232

7 . Ph ng php lp t rnh iu kh in .

Khc vi phng php iu khin cng, trong h thng iu khin c lp

trnh, cu trc b iu khin v cch u dy c lp vi chng trnh.

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Chng trnh nh ngha hot ng iu khin c vit nh s gip ca

mt my vi tnh.

thay i tin trnh iu khin, ch cn mt thay i ni dung b nh iu

khin, ch khng cn thay i cch ni dy bn ngoi. Qua , ta thy c

u im ca phng php iu khin lp trnh c so vi phng php

iu khin cng. Do , phng php ny c s dng rt rng ri trong

lnh vc iu khin v n rt mm do

Phng php iu khin lp trnh c thc hin theo cc bc sau:

Hinh 2.6 Phng php lp trnh iu khin

8. Cc ngn ng lp trnh .

8 .1. Ngn ng lp t rnh LAD (l adder Logi c ):

Hinh 2.7 Chng trnh LAD

Chng trnh LAD (Hinh 8.1) bao gm ct dc biu din ngun in

logic cng vi cc k hiu cng tc logic to thnh mt nhnh mch in logic

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nm ngang. hnh bn, logic iu khin c biu din bng hai cng tc

thng h, mt cng tc thng ng v mt ng ra relay logic.

Cc k hiu cng tc trn c dng xy dng nn bt k mch logic

no: s kt hp nhiu mch logic c th biu din mch iu khin cho mt

ng dng c logic iu khin phc tp. iu cn thit cho cng vic thit k

chng trnh ladder l lp ti liu v h thng v m t hot ng ca chng

ngi s dng hiu c mch ladder mt cch nhanh chng v chnh

xc.

Cc qui c ca ngn ng lp trnh LAD:

- Cc ng dc trn s biu din ng cng sut, cc mch c

ni kt vi ng ny.

- Mi nc thang (thanh ngang) xc nh mt hot ng trong qu trnhiu khin.

- S thang c c t tri sang phi v t trn xung. Nc nh

thang c c t tri sang phi, nc th hai tnh t trn xung cng c

tng t Khi ch hot ng, PLC s i t u n cui chng trnh

thang sau lp i lp li nhiu ln. Qu trnh ln lt i qua tt c cc nc

thang gi l chu k qut.

- Mi nc thang bt u vi mt hoc nhiu ng vo v kt thc vi tnht mt ng ra.

- Cc thit b in c trnh by iu kin chun ca chng. V vy,

cng tc thng h c trnh by s thang trng thi h. Cng tc

thng ng c trnh by trng thi ng.

- Thit b bt k c th xut hin trn nhiu nc thang. C th c mt rle

ng mt hoc nhiu thit b.

- Cc ng vo v ra c nhn bit theo a ch ca chng, k hiu ty

theo nh sn xut qui nh.

8 .2. Ngn ng lp t rnh FDB (Fun ti on B lock D iag ram) :

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Hnh 2.8: v d v ngn ng FDB

Phng php ny c cch biu din chng trnh nh s khng tip

im dng cc cng logic (thng dng theo k t ca EU)

Theo phng php ny cc tip im ghp ni tip c thay th bng cng

AND, cc tip im ghp song song c thay th bng cng OR, cc tip

im thng ng th c cng NOT. Phng php ny thch hp cho ngi

dng s dng kin thc v in t m c bit l mch s.

9. Phn mm lp trnh SIMATIC TIA Por ta l STEP7 Basic .

Phn mm SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp mt mi trng

thn thin vi ngi dng, t hiu chnh, th vin, v b iu chnh logic cn

thit n ng dng iu khin.

SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp cng c cho qun l v cu

hnh tt c cc thit b trong project, v d nh: PLCs v thit b HMI.

SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp hai ngn ng lp trnh (LAD v

FBD), thch hp v hiu qu trong ci tin lp trnh iu khin trong ng

dng. Ngoi ra SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cn cung cp b cng c

to v cu hnh thit b HMI.

SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp mt h thng tr gip trc

tuyn v cung cp 2 ch hin th khc nhau: a project-oriented view v a

task-oriented set of portals.

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9 .1. T rnh t cc b c th it k m t ch ng t rnh iu kh in .

Hinh 2.9 S thit k mt chng trnh iu khin

9 .2 . Giao d in ca phn mm SIMATIC TIA Por tal STEP7 Bas ic .

Phn mm SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic chy h iu hnh

Windows, phn mm lm nhim v trung gian gia ngi lp trnh v PLC.

Hinh 2.10. Giao din chnh ca phn mm.

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to mt project mi ta thc hin theo cc bc sau:

T giao din chnh ca phn mm, chn Start / Create new project / Create /

Create a PLC program / Main

Lc ny vng son tho chng trnh di dng Ladder hin ra (Hinh 8.3).

Hinh 2.11. Giao din son tho chnh

Cc thanh cng c thng dng:

M chng trnh mi.

M chng trnh c sn.

Lu chng trnh.

Kim tra li trong chng trnh.

Np chng trnh xung PLC.

Run.

Stop.

Chn / xa network

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Thanh cng c lnh

Cc phn t lp trnh thng dng:

Cc lnh logic:

Cc lnh timers:

Cc lnh Counter:

Cc lnh so snh:

Cc lnh ton hc:

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Cc lnh chuyn i:

9 .3. Np ch ng trnh xung PLC.

np chng trnh xung PLC chng ta thc hin cc bc sau:

Thit lp PLC: T giao din son tho chnh chn Add new

device / chn loi PLC. Sau chn online access ly a ch IP

kt ni PLC vi my tnh.

Chn PLC ch STOP bng cch t menu chnh chn

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Online / STOP (hinh 9.3.) hoc click tri chut ln biu tng trn

thanh cng c. Lc ny trn giao din xut hin hp thoi thng bo

xc nhn vic chn PLC ch STOP, chn yes.

T menu chnh chn Online / download to device hoc click tri

chut ln biu tng t thanh cng c np chng trnh

xung PLC.

Hinh 2.12. Tm dng hot ng ca PLC.

9.4. Giao tip gi a my tnh v PLC.

Do PLC c h tr sn dy cp ni vi my tnh nn ta ch cn ni PLC

vi my tnh PC qua dy cp:

Hinh 2.13. S kt ni PLC vi my tnh.

10. Tp lnh ca PLC S7-1200

A. CC LNH C BN:

10.1. Cc lnh v b i t

10.1.1. Cng tc :

Cng tc thng h (Normally Open, vit tc l NO) v cng tc

thng ng (Normally Closed, vit tc l NC). i vi PLC, mi cng tc i

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din cho trng thi mt bit trong b nh d liu hay vng nh ca cc u

vo, ra. Cng tc thng h (ON ngha l cho dng in i qua) khi bit

bng 1 cn cng tc thng ng (ON ngha l khng cho dng in i

qua) khi bit bng 0.

Trong LAD, cc lnh ny biu din bng chnh cc cng tc thng h

v thng ng. Trong FBD, cc cng tc thng h c biu din nh cc

u va hoc ra ca cc khi chc nng AND, OR hoc XOR. Cng tc

thng ng c biu din them du o(vng trn nh) u vo tng

ng.

Cc v d minh ha:

Ladder(LAD):

Cng tc thng h:

Hnh 2.14. M t lnh

Cng tc thng ng:

Hnh 2.15. M t lnh

FBD:

AND:

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OR:

XOR:

Hnh 2.16. M t lnh

10.1.2. Lnh o bit, lnh s n :

10.1.2.1. Lnh o

Lnh o thay i dng nng lng. Nu dng nng lng gp lnh

ny, n s b chn li. Ngc li nu pha trc lnh ny khng c dng nng

lng, n s tr thnh ngun cung cp dng nng lng. Trong LAD, lnh

ny c biu din nh mt cng tc. Trong FBD, lnh o khng c biu

tng ring. N c tch hp nh l u vo ca nhng khi chc nng

khc(vi mt vng trn nh u vo ca cc khi chc nng ). Trong

STL, lnh ny o gi tr ca nh ngn xp: 0 thnh 1 v 1 thnh 0. Lnh ny

khng c ton hng.

LAD:

FDB:

Hnh 2.17. M t lnh

V d:

LAD:

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FDB:

Hnh 2.18. M t lnh

10.1 .2 .2 . Lnh s n:

u thuc nhm lnh cng tc, ghi nhn trng thi cc bit d

liu(0 hay 1) quen thuc vi khi nim mc. Cc lnh v sn ghi

nhn khng phi mc n thun m l s bin i mc. Lnh sn

dng (Positive Transition) cho dng nng lng i qua trong khong

thi gian bng thi gian mt vng qut khi u vo ca n c s thay

i mc t 0 ln 1. Lnh sn m (Negative Transition) cho dng nng

lng i qua trong khong thi gian bng thi gian mt vng qut khi

u vo ca n c s thay i mc t 1 xung 0.Trong LAD, cc lnh ny c biu din cng nh cc cng tc.

Trong FDB, cc lnh ny c biu din bng cc khi chc nng

P v N.

Bng 2.3: tham s

Parameter Data

type

Memory

area

Description

BOOL I, Q, M, L,

D

Signal to be queried

BOOL I, Q, M, L,

D

Edge memory bit in which the signal

state of the previous query is saved.

V d:
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LAD :

FBD:

LAD:

FDB:

Hnh 2.19. M t lnh

10.1.3. P_TR IG v N_TR IG :

Bng 1.4: cc thng s ca lnh

Parameter Data

type

Memory

area

Description

BOOL I, Q, M,

L, D

Edge memory bit in which

the RLO of the last query is

saved.

CLK BOOL Current RLO
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Q BOOL Result of edge evaluation

M t:

P_TRIG: Khi c tn hiu xung CLK lnh bt u hot ng. Khi tn hiu

c s thay i mc (0 ln 1) th ng ra Q s c t ln 1. Cc trng

hp khc ng ra Q mc 0.

N_TRIG: Khi c tn hiu xung CLK lnh bt u hot ng. Khi tn hiu c

s thay i mc (1 xung 0) th ng ra Q s c t ln 1. Cc trng

hp khc ng ra Q mc 0.

Th d:

LAD:

FBD:

LAD:

FBD:

Chng trnh s nhy n

lnh nhy CAS1 khi ng vo

CLK c s thay i mc(1

xung 0)

Chng trnh s nhy n lnh

nhy CAS1 khi ng vo CLK c

s thay i mc(0 ln 1)
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Hnh 2.20. M t lnh

10.1.4. COIL (c u n d y ):

10.1.4.1. Lnh ra:

Ging nh mt cun dy rle.

LAD:

FBD:

Hnh 2.21. M t lnh

V d:

LAD:

FBD:

LAD:

FDB:

Q0.0 ln 1 khi tha cc iu kin sau: I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1. I0.2 mc 1

Q4.0 xung 0 khi tha cc iu kinsau:

I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1. I0.2 mc 1

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Hnh 2.22 . M t lnh

10.1.4.2. Set v Reset:

- SET: Mt khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi ON cho d

iu kin vo c OFF.

LAD:

FBD:

- RESET: Mt khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi OFF cho

d iu kin vo c ON.

LAD:

FBD:

Hnh 2.23. M t lnh

Bng 2.5: cc thng s ca lnh

Thng s D liu M t

IN(hoc ni vi cng

tc hoc cng logic )

BOOL Bit v tr c gim st

OUT BOOL Bit v tr c SET hoc RESET

Chng trnh v d:

LAD:

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FBD:

LAD:

Hnh 2.24. M t lnh

FBD:

Hnh 2.25

10.1.4.3. SET_BF v RESET_B F: Set v Reset bit fi eld

Ng ra Q0.0 c t ln 1 khi cciu kin sau hot ng:

I0.0 v I0.1 cng ln mc 1

I0.2 mc 0

Ng ra Q0.0 c t xung 0 khicc iu kin sau hot ng:

I0.0 v I0.1 cng ln mc 1

I0.2 mc 0

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Hnh 2.26. M t lnh

- SET_BF: Khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi ON vi s

bit(n) c t trc cho d iu kin vo c OFF.

Hnh 2.27. M t lnh

- RESET_BF: Khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi OFF vi

s bit(n) c t trc cho d iu kin vo c ON.

Thng s D liu M t

N Constant S bit t trcOUT BOOL Bt u t a ch ca bit t trc

Chng trnh v d:

LAD:

FBD:

LAD:

Khi ng vo I0.0 v I0.1 cngln mc 1 th Q20.0, Q20.1,Q20.2, Q20.3 v Q20.4 s lnmc 1.

.M t lnh

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FBD:

10.1.5 . P vN (Set operand on pos it ive s ignal edge / Set operand on

negat ive sign al edge):

LAD:

FDB:

V d:

LAD:

Hnh 2.30. M t lnh

Ng ra Q0.0 ln mc 1 khi trngthi tn hiu u vo ca cun dychuyn t mc (0 ln 1). Trongcc trng hp khc Q0.0 trngthi OFF.

Khi ng vo I0.0 v I0.1 cngln mc 1 th Q20.0, Q20.1,Q20.2, Q20.3 v Q20.4 sxung mc 0.

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FBD:

LAD:

Hnh 2.31. M t lnh

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FBD:

Hnh 2.32. M t lnh

10.1.6. RS vSR: RS(Reset set flip-flop): L mt tp hp chi phi cht ni t chi phi.

Nu cc thit lp S1 v thit lp li R tn hiu c hai u ng, a ch ng

ra Q s ln 1.

Cu trc: S1 R Q

0 0 gi nguyn trng thi

0 1 0

1 0 1

1 1 1

SR(Set reset set flip-flop): L mt thit lp li chi phi cht ni t li chi

phi. Nu cc thit lp S v thit lp li R1 tn hiu l ng. a ch ng

ra Q s mc 0.

Cu trc: S R1 Q

Ng ra Q3.0 ln mc 1 khi trngthi tn hiu u vo ca cun dychuyn t mc (1 xung 0). Trongcc trng hp khc Q3.0 trngthi OFF.

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0 0 gi nguyn trng thi

0 1 0

1 0 1

1 1 0

Bng 2.5: thng s cc lnh

Chng trnh v d:LAD: FBD:

Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp khi tha cc iu kin sau:

I0.0 = 0 v I0.1 = 1

I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1

Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp li khi tha cc iu kin sau:

I0.0 =1 v I0.1 = 0LAD: FBD:

Thng s D liu M t

S,S1

BOOL

Set ng vo

R,R1 Reset ng vo

Q Ng ra

M t l nh

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Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp khi tha cc iu kin sau:

I0.0 = 0 v I0.1 = 1

Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp li khi tha cc iu kin sau:

I0.0 =1 v I0.1 = 0

I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1

10.2. L n h n h th i :

- TP: B m thi gian Pulse to ra mt xung c rng vi thi gian

c t trc.

- TON(On-Delay Timer): B ng tr.

- TOF(OFF-Delay Timer): B ngt tr.

- TONF(Retentive On-Delay Timer): B ng tr c nh.

10.2.1. TP:

Bng 2.6:

Thng s D liu M t

IN BOOL u vo cho php Timer

PT TIMER Gi tr t trc cho Timer

Q BOOL u ra Timer

ET TIMER Gi tr thi gian tri qua u ra

Timer data

block

DB Xc nh b nh thi reset li khi RT cho

php

FBDLAD

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Hnh 2.34. Biu thi gian:

Mi ln c mt xung cnh ln th ng ra Q s ON, thi gian Timer bt u

tnh, thi gian t (PT) Q OFF.

Khi IN ln 1 cha thi gian t PT sau xung 0 th Q vn gi

nguyn trng thi.

Khi IN =0 th Q trng thi OFF.

10.2.2. TON:

Bng 2.7: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t



Q BOOL u ra Timer


Timer data

block


php.

FBDLAD

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Biu thi gian:

Khi ng vo IN ln 1 th ET tng dn ln 1(ng ra Q off), thi gian Timer

bt u tnh, khi ET >=PT th ng ra Q on.

Nu IN ln 1 trong khong thi gian cha thi gian t PT th ng ra

Q vn gi nguyn trng thi(off).Khi Q ang ON, ng vo IN xung 0 th Q s OFF.

10.2.3. TOF:

Bng 2.8: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t



Q BOOL u ra Timer


Timer data

block DB

Xc nh b nh thi reset li khi RT cho

php

FBDLAD

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Biu thi gian

Khi ng vo IN ln 1 th bit ET ln 1(ng ra Q s ON).

Khi IN xung 0, thi gian Timer bt u tnh, thi gian t trc(PT)

th bit ET s OFF (Q s OFF).

Khi IN xung 0 cha thi gian t PT ln 1 th bit ET vn gi

nguyn trng thi.

Khi IN ln 1, nu sau thi thi gian t PT m vn gi nguyn trng thi

th Q s ON.

Nu IN=1 khng thi gian t PT th bit ET s khng ln 1.

10.2.4. TONR:

Bng 2.9: cc thng s

FBDLAD

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Biu thi gian:

Biu thi gian

Ng vo IN c tc dng kch thi gian cho Timer, khi ng vo IN=1 thi

gian. Timer c tnh, khi IN=0 thi gian khng b reset v 0. Khi thi gian

th bit ET s ln 1. Thi gian Timer ch b reset khi c tn hiu Reset Timer(tn

hiu t R).

10.3. L nh m(Coun ter ).

10.3.1. m ln (Coun ter Up ):

Thng s D liu M t


R BOOL Thit lp li TONR khi thi gian tri qua bng 0


Q BOOL u ra Timer


Timer data

block


php

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Bng 2.10: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

Counter

name

S hiu Counter

CU BOOL Kch m ln

R BOOL resetPV SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,

UDINT

Gi tr t trc cho

Counter

Q BOOL ng nu CV>=PV

CV SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,

UDINT

Gi tr hin ti

Biu thi gian:

Biu thi ian

FBDLAD

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M t:

Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln CU, gi tr b m c tng ln 1. Khi

gi tr hin ti (CV: Current count value) ln hn hoc bng gi tr t

(PV:Preset value), ng ra s c bc ln ON. Khi chn Reset c kch gi

tr hin ti b m v ng ra Q c tr v 0.

B m ngng m khi gi tr b m t gi tr ti a l 32767.

10.3.2. m x u ng (Co un ter Down ).

Bng 2.11: cc thng s

Biu thi gian:

Thng s D liu M t

Counter name S hiu Counter

CD BOOL Kch m xung

LOAD BOOL load

PV SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,

UDINT

Gi tr t trc cho

Counter

Q BOOL ng nu CV

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Biu thi gian

M t:

Khi chn LOAD c kch(sn ln) gi tr PV c np cho b m.

Mi ln c sn cnh ln chn CD, gi tr b m c gim xung 1. Khigi tr hin ti (CV) ca b m nh hn hoc bng 0, ng ra s c bt ln

ON.

B m ngng m khi gi tr b m t gi tr ti thiu l - 32767.

10.3.3. m ln / x u ng (Co un ter Up / Down ).

Bng 2.12: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

Counter

name

S hiu Counter

CU, CD BOOL Kch m ln / xung

R BOOL Reset

LOAD BOOL Load

FBDLAD

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Biu thi gian

M t:

Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln chn CU, gi tr b m c tng

ln 1.

Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln chn CD, gi tr b m c gimxung 1.

Khi gi tr hin ti CV>=PV , ng ra QU s c bt ln ON.

Khi gi tr hin ti CV=PV

QD BOOL ng nu CV

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10.3.4. m t c c ao (CTRL _HSC):

Hnh 2.41

Bng 2.12: cc thng s

Thng s Loi thng

s

Loi d

liu

M t

Countername

S hiu Counter

HSC

IN

HW_HSC Nhn din HSC

DIR BOOL 1=yu cu hng mi

CV 1=yu cu thit lp gi tr truy cp

mi

RV 1=yu cu thit lp gi tr tham

chiu mi.

PERIOD 1=yu cu t gi tr nh thi mi

(ch dnh cho ch o tn s)

NEW_DIR INT Hng mi:

1=pha trc

1=pha sau

NEW_CV DINT Gi tr truy cp mi

NEW_RV DINT Gi tr tham chiu mi

NEW_

PERIOD

INT Gi tr nh thi mi trong vi giy:

0.01, 0.1 hoc 1(ch dnh cho ch

o tn s)

BUSYOUT

BOOL Chc nng bn

STATUS WORD iu kin thc thi lnh.

FBDLAD

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10.4. Lnh so snh.

10.4 .1 . Cc hm so snh nh sau :

10.4.1.1. So snh bn g:

Hnh 2.42. M t lnh

IN1=IN2 th ng ra c bc ln ON.

10.4.1.2. Mt hm so snh t ng t :

: so snh khc.

>=: so snh ln hn hoc bng.

: so snh ln hn.

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Hnh 2.43. M t lnh

Bng 2.14: cc thng s

- IN_RANGE: So snh l ng nu MIN MAX.

- Cc tham s u vo MIN, VAL v MAX phi l kiu d liu ging

nhau.

10.4.3. OK v NOT_OK :

Dng kim tra d liu u vo c phi l s thc hay khng?

Khi cng tc LAD l TRUE th kch hot kt ni v cho dng in i qua.

Khi hp FBD l TRUE, th ng ra OUT l TRUE.

LAD:

FBD:

Hnh 2.44. M t lnh

Bng 2.15: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

Thng s Loi d liu M t

MIN,

VAL,

MAX

SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,

REAL, Constant

So snh u

vo

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IN REAL, LREAL D liu ng vo

-OK: L TRUE nu gi tr ng vo l mt s thc(REAL)

-NOT_OK: L TRUE nu gi tr ng vo khng phi l mt s REAL.

10.5. Lnh ton hc .

10.5.1. Lnh cng tr :

ADD: Cng hai s (IN1 + IN2 = OUT).

SUB: Tr hai s (IN1 - IN2 = OUT).

Hnh 2.45. M t lnh

Bng 2.16: cc thng s

Thng

s

D liu M t

IN1, IN2 SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,

REAL, LREAL, Constant

Ng vo

OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,

REAL, LREAL

Ng ra

Ghi ch:

Cc thng s ton hc c bn IN1, IN2, OUT phi l kiu d liu ging

nhau.

Hnh 2.46. M t lnh

M t:

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Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1 chng trnh s thc hin vic cng(hay

tr) 2 s bit IN1, IN2 tng ng kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li

xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c trng thi tn hiu l 1.

10.5.2. Lnh nhn ch ia:

MUL: Nhn hai s (IN1 * IN2 = OUT)

DIV: Chia hai s (IN1 / IN2 = OUT)

Hnh 2.47. M t lnh

Bng 2.17: cc thng s

Hnh 2.47. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1 chng trnh s thc hin vic nhn(hay

chia) 2 s bit IN1, IN2 tng ng kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li

xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c trng thi tn hiu l 1.

Thng

s

D liu M t


REAL, LREAL, Constant

Ng vo


REAL, LREAL

Ng ra

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Trng thi ENO iu kin

1 Khng c li

0 Gi tr kt qu vt ngoi phm vi cho php ca ki u d

liu chn

0 Chia cho 0 (IN2 = 0)

0 REAL: nu mt trong nhng gi tr u vo l NAN(khng

phi s) hoc kt qu l INF (v cng), NAN c tr v

0 ADD REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u l INF khc

du, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.

0 SUB REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u l INF cng

du, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.

0 MUL REAL: Nu mt trong hai gi tr ng vo l s 0 v

khc INF, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr

v.

0 DIV REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u bng 0 hoc

INF, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.

10.5.3. Lnh MOD:

Hnh 2.48. M t lnh

Bng 2.19: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

IN1 andIN2

SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,Constant

Modun ng vo

OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT. Modun ng ra

FBDLAD

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Hnh 2.49. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN = 0, chng trnh bt u thc hin lnh

Gi tr u vo IN1 c chia cho IN2 phn d c a ra ng ra OUT.

Nu khng c li xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO ln 1

(ch : IN1, IN2 v OUT phi cng kiu d liu)

Bng 2.20: iu kin m

10.5.4. Lnh NEG (ph n h):

Dng o ngc cc k t s hc ng vo IN v lu tr kt qu

OUT.

Hnh 2.50. M t lnh

Bng 2.21: cc thng s

Trng thi ENO iu kin

1 Khng c li

0 Gi tr IN2=0(chia cho 0), ng ra OUT bng 0.

Thng s D liu M t

IN SINT, INT, DINT, REAL, LREAL

Constant

Ng vo

OUT SINT, INT, DINT, REAL, LREAL Ng ra

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Hnh 2.51. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u hot ng. gi tr

ng vo IN b o ngc v kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li trong

qu trnh x l ENO ln 1.

Bng 2.22: iu kin m

Trng thi ENO iu kin

1 Khng c li

0 Gi tr kt qu khng hp l

Ch : cc tham s IN v OUT phi cng kiu d liu.

10.5.5. L n h tn g - g im (In cremen t an d Dec remen t): INC: IN / OUT + 1 = IN / OUT : dng tng mt hoc nhiu s nguyn.

DEC: IN / OUT - 1 = IN / OUT : dng gim mt hoc nhiu s nguyn.

Hnh 2.52. M t lnh

Bng 2.23: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

LAD FBD

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IN / OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT. Ng vo / ng ra

Hnh 2.53. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh c thc thi. Gi tr ng

vo c tng (hoc gim) 1. Gi tr ENO c set ln 1.

Bng 2.24: iu kin m

10.5.6. L nh tr t uyt i (Abao lu te valu e):

Hnh 2.54. M t lnh

Bng 2.25: cc thng s

Thng s D liu M t

IN Sint, int, dint, real. Lreal Ng vo

OUT Sint, int, dint, real. Lreal Ng ra

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin

1 Khng c li

0 Gi tr kt qu l ngoi phm vi s hp l ca cc kiu d liu

c chn.

V d cho Sint: INC (127) kt qu -128 vt qu cc kiu d

liu ti a

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Hnh 2.55. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php ON, chng trnh bt u c thc hin. Gi tr

ng vo c ly gi tr tuyt i, kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li

trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c t ln 1.

Bng 2.26:iu kin mTrng thi

ENO

iu kin

1 Khng c li

0

Gi tr kt qu l ngoi phm vi s hp l ca cc kiu d

liu c chn.

V d cho Sint: ABS (-128) trong 128 kt qu vt qu mc

ti a kiu d liu

Ch :

Ng vo v ng ra phi cng kiu d liu.

10.5.7. MIN and MA X:

MIN: so snh cc gi tr ca hai tham s IN1 v IN2 v a gi tr nh

hn ra tham s OUT.

MAX: so snh cc gi tr ca hai tham s IN1 v IN2 v a gi tr ln

hn ra tham s OUT.

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Hnh 2.56. M t lnh

Bng 2.27: cc thng s

Thng

s

D liu M t

IN1, IN2 Sint, Int, Dint, Usint, Uint Real, Lreal,

Constant

Tham s ng vo

OUT Sint, Int, Dint, Udint, Usint, Uint, Real Tham s ng ra

Hnh 2.57. M t lnh

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u hot ng. Hot

ng so snh hai gi tr ng vo IN1 v IN2, chn gi tr nh hn (hoc

ln hn). Kt qu a ra ng ra OUT. Nu trong qu trnh hot ng

khng xy ra li ENO c t ln 1.Bng 2.28: iu kin m

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin

1 Khng c li

0 Ch i vi ki u d liu Real:

Mt hoc c hai tham s u vo khng phi l

s REAL(NAN). Kt qu OUT l +/- v cng (INF).

10.5.8. L IMIT(g i i hn ):

S dng lnh LIMIT kim tra tham s IN:

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Nu gi tr ca tham s IN l trong phm vi quy nh

(MIN

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MIN) hoc l gi tr ca tham s MAX (nu gi tr IN ln hn gi tr MAX).

ENO c t ln 1.

Bng 2.30:iu kin m

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin

1 Khng c li

0REAL: nu mt hoc nhiu gi tr MIN, IN v MAX khng

phi l s (NAN), sau NAN c tr v.

0Nu gi tr MIN ln hn gi tr MAX, th tham s IN c

a ra OUT.

Ch : cc tham s MIN, IN, MAX and OUT phi cng kiu d liu.

10.5.9. FLOA TING POINT:

o SQR: bnh phng (IN^2 = OUT).

o SQRT: cn bc hai (IN = OUT).

o LN: Hm logarit (LN(IN) = OUT).

o EXP: Hm m (e^IN = OUT).o SIN: sine (sin(IN) = OUT).

o COS: Cosine (cos(IN) = OUT).

o TAN: Tangent (tan(IN) = OUT).

o ASIN: nghch o ca sine (arsine(IN) = OUT, sin(OUT) = IN).

o ACOS: Nghch o ca cosine (arccos(IN) = OUT, cos(OUT) = IN).

o ATAN: Nghch o ca tangent (arctan(IN) = OUT, tan(OUT) = IN).

o FRAC: Phn s (Phn s mt phn ca du chm ng IN = OUT).

o EXPT: Tng s m (IN1^IN2 = OUT).

10.6 . Lnh dch ch uyn nh .

Quy nh cho cc hot ng sao chp d liu:

- sao chp cc kiu d liu BOOL, s dng SET_BF, RESET_BF, R,

S, hoc u ra cun dy.

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- sao chp cc kiu d liu n, s dng lnh MOVE.

- sao chp mt mng ca mt kiu d liu c bn, s dng

MOVE_BLK hoc UMOVE_BLK.

- sao chp mt cu trc, s dng MOVE.

- sao chp mt chui, s dng S_CONV.

- sao chp mt k t n trong mt chui, s dng MOVE.

- Cc lnh MOVE_BLK v UMOVE_BLK khng c s dng sao

chp cc mng hoc cu trc cho I,Q hoc b nh M

10.6.1. MOV:

Hnh 2.60. M t lnh

Bng 2.31: cc thng s

Hnh 2.61. M t lnh

M t:

Thng

s

D liu M t

IN

SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL,

LREAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, CHAR, ARRAY,

STRUCT, DTL, TIME

a ch

ngun

OUT


LREAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, CHAR, ARRAY,

STRUCT, DTL, TIME

a ch n

FBDLAD

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Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong IN

sang nh trong OUT.

10.6.2. MOVE_B LK vUMOVE_B LK :

Hnh 2.62. M t lnh

Bng 2.32: cc thng s

Hnh 2.63. M t lnh

M t:

Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s chuyn COUNT ni

dung c v tr bt u IN sang OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu trnh

hot ng ENO c t ln 1.

10.6.3. FIL L_B LK vUFIL L_B LK :

Thngs

D liu M t

IN SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,

UDINT, REAL, BYTE, WORD,

DWORD.

a ch ngun

COUNT UINT S lng d liu cn di

chuyn

OUTSINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,


DWORD.

a ch n

FBDLAD

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Hnh 2.64. M t lnh

Bng 2.33: cc thng s

M t:

Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s chuyn COUNT ni

dung c v tr bt u IN sang OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu trnh

hot ng ENO c t ln 1.

10.6.4. SWAP (hon i):

Thng

s

D liu M t



DWORD.

a ch ngun

COUNT USINT, UINT S lng d liu cn di

chuyn

OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,


DWORD.

a ch n

FBD

FBDLAD

LAD

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Lun vn tt nghip

Bng 2.34: cc thng s

Thng s Ki u d M t

IN WORD Byte d liu t.

OUT WORD Byte d liu ra.

M t:

Khi co tn hiu ng v

tr cc byte v lu tr

hin ENO c t l

10.7. Nhm lnh chu

GVHD: Ths. Nguyn

Hnh 2.64. M t lnh

Thng s liu M t

IN , DWORD Byte d liu t.

OUT , DWORD Byte d liu ra.

Hnh 2.66. M t lnh

o cho php, chng trnh thc hin vi

trong OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu

n 1.

Hnh 2.67. M t lnh

n i :

Hong Dng

Thng s Ki u d liu M t

IN WORD, DWORD Byte d liu t.

OUT WORD, DWORD Byte d liu ra.

c hon i v

trnh thc

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10.7.1. Hm chuyn i:

S dng lnh CONVERT chuyn i mt phn t d liu t mt loi

d liu ny sang loi d liu khc. Nhp vo bn di tn hp v sau

chn cc loi d liu IN v OUT t danh sch th xung.

Hnh 2.68. M t lnh

Bng 2.35: cc thng s

Thng

s

Loi d liu M t

IN SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,

BYTE, WORD, DWORD, REAL, LREAL,

BCD16, BCD32

Gi tr ng vo


BYTE, WORD, DWORD, REAL, LREAL,

BCD16, BCD32

Gi tr c

chuyn i

M t:

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u thc hin vic

chuyn i . Kt qu c lu OUT, ENO c t ln 1.

Bng 2.36: iu kin m

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin Kt qu ng ra

1 Khng c li Kt qu hp l

0 IN l: + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / - NAN

0 Kt qu vt qu phm vi hp

l cho loi d liu OUT

Ng ra c thit lp

li

10.7.2 . Hm ROUND v TRUNC:

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- ROUND: Lm trn mt s thc ng vo v chuyn thnh s nguyn

(DINT) ng ra. Nu s l >= 0.5 th gi tr c lm trn ln, ngc li

th lm trn xung.

Hnh 2.67. M t lnh

- TRUNC: Lm trn xung mt s thc ng vo v chuyn thnh s

nguyn (DINT) ng ra.

Hnh 2.69. M t lnh

Bng 2.37: cc thng s

Thng

s

Ki u d liu M t

IN REAL, LREAL Tham s ng vo


UDINT, REAL, LREAL LREAL

Tham s c lm trn

hoc lm trn xung

Bng 2.38: iu kin m

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin Kt qu OUT


0 IN l + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / -

FBDLAD

FBDLAD

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NAN

10.7 .3 . Hm CEIL v FLOOR (Ceil ing and Floor ) :

- CEIL: Chuyn i mt s thc sang s nguyn nh nht ln hn hoc

bng vi s thc t.

- FLOOR: Chuyn i mt s thc sang s nguyn ln nht nh hn

hoc bng vi s thc t.

Hnh 2.70. M t lnh

Bng 2.39: cc thng s

Bng 2.40: iu kin m

10.7 .4 . Hm SCALE v NORM (Sca les and Normal lze):

Thng

s

Kiu d liu M t

IN REAL, LREAL Tham s ng vo


UDINT, REAL, LREAL LREAL

Ng ra c chuy n

i

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin Kt qu OUT


0 IN l + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / -

NAN

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SCALE_X: quy m ha cc d liu ng vo, kt qu c lu

OUT

NORM_X: bnh thng ha cc d liu ng vo, kt qu c lu

OUT.

Hnh 2.71. M t lnh

Bng 2.41: cc thng s

Lu :

Tham s VALUE trong lnh SCALE_X c gii hn trong phm vi (0.0

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Gi tr OUT l gi tr ca MIN hoc MAX sao cho ph hp vi kiu d

liu chn. ENO lun ng trong trng hp ny.

Trong trng hp ny gi tr l gi tr trung gian gia MIN v MAX.

ENO lun sai.

Tham s VALUE trong lnh NORM_X c gii hn trong phm vi (MIN

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Hnh 2.71. M t lnh

Chng trnh v d:

Hnh 2.72. M t v d

Khi I0.0 =1 chng trnh s nhy n nhn CAS1. I0.4 =1 , Q4.1 c reset.

10.8.2. L nh RETURN_VALUE (RET):

Hnh 2.73. M t lnh

* Return_value: tham s ca lnh RET

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* Ng vo: kiu d liu BOOL

Hnh 2.74. M t lnh

M t:

Khi c dng in qua cun dy RET(LAD) hoc u vo hp RET l

ng(FBD), th chng trnh thc hin khi hin hnh s kt thc im

v d liu vt ra ngoi RET s khng c thc thi.

Nu khi hin hnh l mt OB, cc tham s Return_value c bqua.

Nu khi hin hnh l mt FC hoc FB, gi tr ca cc tham s

Return_value c thng qua tr li gi l gi tr ENO ca hp gi.

10.9.Nhm lnh ton Logic :

10.9 .1 . AND, OR v XOR:

Hnh 2.75. M t lnh

Bng 2.43: cc thng s

Thng s Kiu d liu M t

IN1, IN2 BYTE, WORD, DWORD. Logic ng vo

OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD. Logic ng ra

La chn tp hp kiu d liu cc thng s IN1, IN2, v OUT phi cng

mt kiu d liu. Cc bit tng ng vi gi tr ca cc thng s IN1 v IN2

c kt hp to ra mt kt qu logic nh phn, ti tham s OUT. Trong

trng hp ny ENO lun lun l TRUE.

10.9.2. L n h o (INVERT):

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Hnh 2.76. M t lnh

Bng 2.44: cc thng s

Thng

s

Kiu d liu M t


UDINT, BYTE, WORD, DWORD.

Yu t d liu o

ngc.


UDINT, BYTE, WORD, DWORD.

Ng ra c o.

Hnh 2.77. M t lnh

M t:

Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s thc hin o gi tr

ng vo IN, kt qu a ra OUT. ENO c t ln 1.

10.9.3. Lnh m ha v gii m(ENCODE and DECODE):

ENCO: M ha mt mu bit cho mt s nh phn.

DECO: Gii m mt s nh phn cho mt mu bit.

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Hnh 2.78. M t lnh

Bng 2.45: cc thng s

M t:

- ENCO: Hng dn m ha tham s IN sang s nh phn tng ng

vi v tr ca cc bit quan trng c t IN v tr v kt qu OUT.

Nu tham s IN l 00000001 hoc 00000000, sau gi tr 0 c gn

cho OUT. Nu gi tr ca tham s IN l 00000000, ENO l sai (FALSE).

- DECO: Hng dn gii m mt s nh phn sang tham s IN, bng

cch thit lp v tr bit tng ng trong tham s OUT l 1(tt c cc bit

c t 0). Eno lun lun ng (TRUE). Nu gi tr ca tham s IN vt

ra ngoi phm vi cho php, mt module hot ng gii nn cc bit bn

di:

Phm vi ca tham s IN (DECO):

3 bit IN (gi tr 0-7) c s dng thit lp v tr 1 bit trong mt

byte OUT.


t OUT.


t kp OUT.


IN ENCO:BYTE,WORD,DWORD.

DECO: UNIT.

ENCO: Bit mu m ha.

DECO: Gi tr gii m.OUT ENCO: INT.

DECO:BYTE, WORD, WORD.

ENCO: gi tr ha m.

DECO: Bit mu gii m

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Bng 2.46: iu kin m cho ENCO

DECO IN value DECO OUT value(Decode single bit position)

BYTE OUT (8 bits):

Min.IN 0 00000001

Max.IN 7 10000000

WORD OUT (16 bits):

Min.IN 0 0000000000000001

Max.IN 15 1000000000000000

DWORD OUT (32 bits):

Min.IN 0 00000000000000000000000000000001

Max.IN 31 10000000000000000000000000000000

Trng thi ENO iu kin Kt qu (OUT)

1 Khng c li S bit hp l

0 Ng vo l 0 OUT c t l 0

10.9.4. SEL :

Gn mt trong hai gi tr tham s u vo cho tham s OUT, ty

thuc vo gi tr ca tham s G.

Hnh 2.79. M t lnh

Bng 2.47: cc thng s

Thng

s

Ki u d liu M t

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G BOOL FALSE: chn IN0

TRUE: chn IN1


REAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR

Ng vo


REAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR

Ng ra

Hnh 2.80. M t lnh

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh thc hin vic chn

la gi tr. Nu G l TRUE th IN0 c gn cho OUT ngc li th gn IN1

cho OUT. ENO lun lun TRUE trong trng hp ny.

10.9.5. MUX:

Gn mt trong nhiu gi tr ca tham s u vo cho tham s

OUT, ty thuc vo gi tr ca tham s K. Nu gi tr ca tham s K vt

ngoi phm vi hp l, OUT c gn mt gi tr khc.

Hnh 2.81. M t lnh

Bng 2.48: cc thng s

Thng

s

Kiu d liu M t

K UINT 0: chn IN0

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Hnh 2.82. M t lnh

Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh thc hin vic chn

la gi tr. Nu K l TRUE th IN0 c gn cho OUT, nu K l FALSE th

gn IN1 cho OUT. Nu K ngoi phm vi hp l th gn ELSE cho OUT.

ENO = 1 nu chng trnh khng c li.

Bng 2.49: iu kin m

Trng thi

ENO

iu kin Kt qu (OUT)

1 Khng c li Gi tr IN c gn cho OUT

0 K >=IN Khng cung cp s khc: Out

khng i

Cung cp s khc: Out c gn

mt s khc.

10.10 . Lnh dch v quay (Sh if t and Rota te ):

10.10 .1 . Lnh dch (Sh i ft ):

1: chn IN1

..........

IN0,

IN1...


BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR

Ng vo

ELSE SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL,

BYTE,WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR

Gi tr thay th

(ty chn)

OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL,

BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR

Ng ra

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S dng lnh SHIFT dch chuyn v tr bit ca tham s IN, ph

thuc vo tham s N. Kt qu c a ra OUT. Tham s N ch nh s

lng v tr bit dch chuyn.

SHR: lnh dch phi.

SHL: lnh dch tri.

Hnh 2.83. M t lnh

Bng 2.50: cc thng s

M t:

N=0, khng c s thay i xy ra v gi tr IN c gn cho OUT.

0 c dch vo v tr cc bit trng.

Nu s lng v tr dch (N) vt qu s lng cc bit cho trong

bng (8 bit cho kiu d liu BYTE, 16 cho WORD v 32 cho DWORD), sau

tt c cc gi tr bit ban u c a ra ngoi v thay th bng s 0 (0

c gn cho OUT).

Eno lun lun TRUE cho cc hot ng dch.

10.10 .2 . Lnh quay (Ro tate):

Dng thay i lun phin cc bit ca tham s IN. Kt qu a

ra OUT. Tham s N xc nh s lng v tr bit quay.

ROL: lnh quay tri.

ROR: lnh quay phi.


IN BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu dng dch

N UNIT S v tr bit cn dch

OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu sau khi dch

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Hnh 2.84. M t lnh

Bng 2.51: cc thng s

M t:

i vi N = 0, khng xy ra s thay i v gi tr IN c gn cho Out.

Bit d liu lun phin trong mt mt ca gi tr mc tiu c th lun

phin vo mt khc ca gi tr mc tiu, v vy khng c gi tr bit ban u

b mt.

Nu s lng v tr quay (N) vt qu s lng cc bit cho trongbng(8 bit cho kiu d liu BYTE, 16 cho WORD v 32 cho DWORD), lnh

quay vn thc hin bnh thng.

Eno lun lun TRUE trong mi hot ng quay.

B .CC LNH M R NG:

10.11. Mt s lnh m rng :

10.11.1. ng h v l ch : 10.11.1.1. Ngy v th i g ian:

S dng ln lch cho chng trnh v tnh ton thi gian.

T_CONV: Chuyn i cc kiu d liu ca gi tr TIME (TIME - DINT

hoc DINT - TIME).

T_ADD: Cng gi tr TIME v DTL (TIME + TIME = TIME hoc DTL +

TIME = DTL).

Thng s

Ki u d liu M t

IN BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu dng

quay

N UNIT S v tr bit cn quay

OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu sau khi quay

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T_SUB: Tr gi tr TIME v gi tr DTL(TIME TIME = TIME hoc DTL

TIME = DTL).

T_DIFF: Cung s khc bit gia hai gi tr DTL nh l gi tr TIME (

DTL DTL = TIME).

Bng 2.52: cc kiu d liu

Kiu d liu Size (bits) Phm vi hp l

TIME 32

Cu trc d liu DTL

Year: UINT 16 1970 - 2554

Month: USINT 8 1 -12

Day: USINT 8 1 31

Weekday: USINT 8 1 = Sunday 7 = Saturday

Hour: USINT 8 0 23

Minute: USINT 8 0 59

Second:USINT 8 0 59

Nanosecond:UDINT 32 0 999,999,999

10.11.1.1.1. T_CONV:

Hnh 2.85. M t lnh

Bng 2.53: cc thng s


IN DINT, TIME Gi tr ng vo

OUT DINT, TIME Gi tr chuy n i

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T_CONV (Time convert): Dng chuyn i mt kiu d liu TIME sang

DINT, hoc ngc li.

10.11.1.1.2. T_ADD:

Hnh 2.86. M t lnh

Bng 2.54: cc thng s

T_ADD (Time add): thm vo gi tr u vo IN1(DTL hoc TIME) gi tr

IN2 (TIME). Tham s OUT cung cp kt qu c th l DTL hoc TIME. Hai

gi tr c th cng tn ti:

TIME + TIME = TIMEDTL + TIME = DTL

10.11.1.1.3. T_SUB:

Hnh 2.87. M t lnhBng 2.55: cc thng s


IN1 DTL, TIME Gi tr DTL hoc TIME

IN2 TIME Gi tr TIME thm vo

OUT DTL, TIME DTL hoc TIME t ng hp


IN1 DTL, TIME Gi tr DTL hoc TIME

IN2 TIME Gi tr TIME tr

OUT DTL, TIME DTL hoc TIME khc bit

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T_SUB (Time Subtract): Tr gi tr IN2 (TIME) cho IN1(DTL hoc TIME).

Tham s OUT cung cp gi tr khc bit nh l mt DTL hoc TIME. Hai kiu

d liu c th hot ng l:

TIME - TIME = TIME

DTL - TIME = DTL

10.11.1.1.4. T_DIFF:

Hnh 2.88. M t lnh

Bng 2.56: cc thng s

T_DIFF (Time

Difference): tr gi tr IN2 (DTL) cho IN1 (DTL). Kt qu gn cho OUT. Thams OUT cung cp mt gi tr khc bit l gi tr TIME.

DTL - DTL = TIME

iu kin m:

Eno = 1: khng c li xy ra

Eno = 0 v OUT = 0: c li do

Gi tr DTL khng hp l

Gi tr TIME khng hp l10.11.1 .2 . Clock:

10.11.1.2.1. WR_SYS_T (Write Sys tem Time):

Thit lp b thi gian ca h thng PLC vi gi tr DTL ca tham s IN.

Gi tr thi gian khng bao gm mi gi ti a phng hoc ch tit

kim thi gian.


IN1 DTL Gi tr DTL

IN2 DTL Gi tr DTL tr

OUT TIME TIME mi

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Hnh 2.89. M t lnh

Bng 2.57: cc thng s

Tham s RET_VAL:

Li lnh (W#16#....) iu kin

0000 Khng c li

8081 Nm khng hp l8082 Thng khng hp l

8083 Ngy khng hp l

8084 Thng tin gi khng hp l

8085 Thng tin pht khng hp l

8086 Thng tin giy khng hp l

8087 Thng tin Nano giy khng hp l

80B0 ng h thi gian thc khng thnh cng

10.11.1.2.2. RD_SYS_T (Read Sy stem Time):

c thi gian thc t h thng ca PLC. Cc gi tr thi gian khng bao

gm mi gi ti a phng hoc ch tit kim thi gian.

Thng s Loi thng

s

Ki u d

liu

M t

IN IN DTL Thi gian c thit lp trongng h ca h thng PLC

RET_VAL OUT INT iu kin thi hnh lnh

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Hnh 2.90. M t lnh

Bng 2.58: cc thng s

Tham s RET_VAL:

10.11.1.2.3. RD_LOC_T (Read Lo cal t ime):

Hnh 2.91. M t lnh

Bng 2.59: cc thng s

Thng s Loi thng

s

Kiu d

liu

M t


OUT OUT DTL Thi gian thc ca h thng PLC.

Li lnh(W#16#...) iu kin

0000 Khng c li

8222 Kt qu vt ngoi phm vi cho php.

8223 Kt qu khng c lu vi kiu d liu quy nh.

Thng s Loi thng

s

Ki u d

liu

M t


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M t:

RD_LOC_T(Read Local time): cung cp thi gian a phng cho PLC nh

l loi d liu DTL.

Thi gian a phng c tnh bng cch s dng hiu s mi gi v

thi gian tit kim nh sng c trong ng h ca CPU.

Thi gian tit kim nh sng xc nh cu hnh cc thng, tun, ngy v

gi.

Cu hinh thi gian tiu chun cng quy nh cc thng, tun, ngy v

gi.

Cc mi gi lun lun p dng cho thi gian ca h thng. Thi gian

tit kim nh sng ch p dng khi ch tit kim thi gian c hiu lc.

iu kin m:

Eno = 1 ngha l khng c li xy ra. ENO = 0 c mt li thc thi

xy ra v mt lnh iu kin c cung cp ng ra RET_VAL.

Tham s RET_VAL:

Li lnh(W#16#...) iu kin

0000 Khng c li8080 Khng c c thi gian a phng

10.11.2. STR ING + CHAR :

10.11.2 .1 . Nhm lnh chuyn i chu i

10.11.2.1.1. S_CONV :

10.11.2.1.1.1. S_CONV: chuyn i t chui sang s .

Hnh 2.92. M t lnh

Bng 2.60: cc thng s

OUT OUT DTL Gi a phng

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Thng

s

Ki u d liu M t

IN STRING Chui k t nhp vo

OUT STRING, SINT, INT, DINT, USINT,

UINT, UDINT, REAL.

Kt qu gi tr s

M t:

Chuyn i cc tham s chui IN bt u bng k t u tin v tip

tc cho n kt thc ca mt chui, hoc cho n khi k t u tin gp

phi khng phi l k t 0 9, +, -, hoc .. Gi tr kt qu c

cung cp ng ra OUT, sau tham s OUT c t v 0 v ENO l

FALSE. Nu khng, tham s OUT cha mt gi tr hp l v ENO l

TRUE.

Quy tc nh dng chui nhp vo:

Nu mt im thp phn nhp c s dng trong chui IN, phi s

dng k t ..

K t ,, c s dng nh l du phn cch hang ngn pha bn tri

ca im thp phn l c php v b b qua. Khng gian hng u c b qua.

Ch im c nh l c h tr. Cc k t e v E khng c cng

nhn l k t s m.

Bng 2.61: cc thng s Th d

Chui IN Ki u d liu

OUT

Gi tr OUT ENO

123

INT / DINT

123

TRUE

-00456 -456

123.45 123

+2345 2345

00123AB 123

123 REAL 123.0

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123.45 123.45

1.23e-4 1.23

1.23E-4 1.23

12,345.67 12345.67

3.4e39 3.4

-3.4e39 -3.4

1.17549e-38 1.1749

12345 SINT 0

FALSE

A123

N / A

0

0

++123 0

+-123 0

10.11.2.1.1.2. S_CONV: chuyn i t s sang chui.

Hnh 2.93. M t lnh

Bng 2.62: cc thng s

M t:

Gi tr s nguyn, s nguyn khng du hoc du chm ng IN c

chuyn thnh chui k t tng ng OUT. Cc tham s OUT phi c

tham kho chui hp l trc khi c thc thi. Mt chui gi tr bao gm


IN STRING, SINT, INT, DINT,

USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL.

Gi tr s nhp vo

OUT STRING Kt qu chui k t

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chiu di ti a ca byte u tin, di chui k t hin hnh trong byte

th hai v chui hin hnh trong byte k tip. Chuyn i chui thay th cc

k t trong chuyn OUT bt u bng k t u tin v di byte hin

hnh ca chui OUT. Chiu di ti a byte ca chui OUT l khng thay i.

Bao nhiu chui c thay th ph thuc vo kiu d liu ca tham s IN v

gi tr s. S lng k t thay th phi nm trong chiu di chui ca tham

s OUT. Chiu di chui ti a (byte u tin) ca chui OUT c th c

ln hn hoc bng s lng ti a ca chui chuyn i d kin.

Bng 2.63: quy nh di chui k t i a cho tng kiu d liu

Ki u d liuIN

S lng ti aca k t c

chuyn i trong

OUT.

V d T ng chiu dichui bao gm c

chiu di ti a v

byte hin hnh.

USINT 3 255 5

SINT 4 -128 6

UINT 5 65535 7

INT 6 -32768 8UDINT 10 4294967295 12

DINT 11 -2147483648 13

Quy tc nh dng chui ng ra:

Gi tr vn bn t tham s OUT khng c s dng k t + hng

u.

im i din c nh c s dng (khng c k t s m).

K t . c s dng i din cho cc im thp phn khi tham sIN l kiu d liu REAL.

Bng 2.64: cc thng s th d

Gi tr IN Kiu d liu IN Chui OUT ENO

123 UINT 123 TRUE

0 UINT 0

12345678 UDINT 12345678

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-INF REAL INF FALSE

+INF REAL INF

NAN REAL NAN

10.11.2.1.2. STRG_VAL :

Hnh 2.94. M t lnh

Bng 2.65: cc thng s

Thng s Loi thng

s

Ki u d liu M t

IN IN STRING Cc chui k t ASCII

chuyn i

FORMAT IN WORD Ty chn nh dng ng ra

P IN_OUT UINT IN: ch s k t u tin

chuyn i (k t u

tin = 1)

OUT: ch s k t tip

theo sau khi chuyn i kt

thc

OUT OUT SINT, INT, DINT,

USINT, UINT,

UDINT, REAL

Gi tr s chuy n i.

M t:

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Chuyn i mt k t s cho s nguyn tng ng hoc im i din

ni. Chuyn i bt u trong chui k t IN ti P v tip tc cho n cui

chui, hoc cho n khi k t u tin gp phi khng phi l +, -, ,,

., e, hoc 0 - 9. Kt qu c t ti v tr quy nh ti tham s OUT.

Tham s P cng quay tr li nh l mt s b xung trong chui gc ti v

tr m vic chuyn i chm dt. D liu STRING phi c khi to

trc khi thc hin nh l mt chui gi tr trong b nh.

Tham s STRG_VAL FORMAT:

Tham s FORMAT cho STRG_VAL c nh ngha di y. Cc bit

khng s dng c t v 0:

Bit16

Bit8

Bit7

Bit0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f r

f = K hiu nh dng

1= k hiu hm m

0 = k hiu im c nh

r = nh dng im thp phn1 = , (k t du phy)

0 = . (k t du chm)

Bng 2.66: Tham s FORMAT cho STRG_VAL

FORMAT (W#16#) K hiu nh dng im thp phn i din

0000(mc nh) i m c nh .

0001 ,

0002 S m .

0003 ,

0004 to FFFF Gi tr khng hp php

Quy nh cho chuyn i STRG_VAL:

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Nu k t du chm . c s dng cho im thp phn, th du phy

, bn tri ca du thp phn c hiu l k t phn cch hng ngn. Cc

k t du phy c chp nhn v c b qua.

Nu k t du phy , c s dng cho im thp phn, th du chm

. bn tri ca du thp phn c hiu l k t phn cch hng ngn. Cc

k t du chm c chp nhn v c b qua.

Khng gian hng u c b qua.

Bng 2.67: cc thng s th d

Chui IN FORMAT

(W#16#...)

Kiu d liu

OUT

Gi tr OUT ENO

123 0000

INT / DINT

123

TRUE

-00456 0000 -456

123.45 0000 123

+2345 0000 2345

00123AB 0000 123

123 000

REAL

123.0

123.45 0000 123.45

1.23e-4 0000 1.231.23E-4 0000 1.23

1.23E-4 0002 1.23E-4

12,345.67 0000 12345.67

12,345.67 0001 12.345

3.4e39 0002 +INF

-3.4e39 0002 -INF

1.17549e-

38

0002 0.0

12345 N / A SINT 0

FALSE

A123 N / A

N / A

0

N / A 0

++123 N / A 0

+-123 N / A 0

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10.11.2.1.3. VAL_ STRG:

Hnh 2.95. M t lnh

Bng 2.68: cc thng s

Thng s Loi thng

s

Kiu d liu M t

IN IN SINT, INT,

DINT, USINT,

UINT, UDINT,

REAL

Ga tr chuyn i

SIZE IN USINT S k t c ghi vo chuiOUT

PREC IN USINT chnh xc hoc kch

thc. khng bao gm s

lng cc im thp phn

FORMAT IN WORD Ty chn nh dng ng ra

P IN_OUT UINT IN: Ch s cho chui k t

OUT u tin phi c

thay th (k t u = 1)

OUT: Ch s chui k t

OUT tip theo sau khi thay

th

OUT OUT STRING Chui chuyn i

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0 = k hiu im c nh

r = nh dng im thp phn

1 = ,

0 = .

Bng 2.69: Tham s FORMAT cho VAL_ STRG

FORMAT(W#16#) S k t nhp K hiu nh

dng

i m thp

phn i

din

0000 Ch - im c nh .

0001 ,

0002 Hm m .

0003 ,

0004 + v - im c nh .

0005 ,

0006 Hm m .

0007 ,

0008 to FFFF Gi tr khng hp l

Quy tc nh dng chui tham s OUT:

K t hng u ca khng gian c thm vo mt phn tn cng

bn tri ca chui khi chuyn i chui nh hn kch thc quy nh.

Khi tham s FORMAT nhp vo bit FALSE, khng nh du v k kt

cc gi tr d liu s nguyn c ghi vo b m ng ra m khng c k t

+ u hng. K t - c s dng nu c yu cu..

Khi bit nhp vo l TRUE,khng nh du hoc k kt cc kiu d liu

s nguyn c ghi vo b m ng ra lun lun vi mt k t u hng.

.

Khi FORMAT c thit lp k hiu l hm m. Gi tr d liu s thc

c ghi vo b m ng ra nh:

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.E

Khi FORMAT c thit lp k hiu l im c nh, s nguyn,

unsigned integer, v gi tr loi d liu s thc vo b m ng ra nh:

.

S 0 hng u bn tri ca im thp phn(ngoi tr ch s lin k im

thp phn) l b chn li.

Cc gi tr bn phi ca im thp phn c lm trn ph hp vi s

lng cc ch s bn phi ca im thp phn c ch nh bi cc

tham s PREC.

Kch thc ca chui ng ra ti thiu l 3 byte nhiu hn s lng ch s

bn phi ca im thp phn.

iu kin m:

Khi gp phi li trong hot ng chuyn i th:

Eno c t v 0

OUT c t v 0 hoc khng thay

i.

Bng 2.70: iu kin m

Trng thi ENO M t1 Khng c li

0 Khng c php hoc tham s khng hp l; v d

truy cp n mt DB khng tn ti

0 Chui khng hp php khi gi tr ln nht ca chui l 0

-255

0 Chui khng hp php khi chui hin hnh ln hn

chiu di ti a cho php0 S lng gi tr chuy n i qu ln cho ki u d liu

OUT quy nh.

0 Kch thc ti a ca tham s chui OUT phi ln

chp nhn cc k t c quy nh bi SIZE, bt

u t v tr tham s P

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0 P khng ng khi gi tr P = 0 hoc P ln hn chiu di

chui hin ti.

0 Tham s SIZE phi ln hn tham s PREC.

Bng 2.71:Th d:

Cc th d da trn mt chui OUT khi to nh sau:

current temp = xxxxxxxxx C; vi x l cc k t i din cho cc k t

khng gian phn b cho cc gi tr chuyn i.

Gi tr IN Ki u d

liu

P SIZE FORMAT

(W#16#..)

PREC Chu i OUT ENO

123 UINT 16 10 0000 0 Current Temp = xxxx123 C

TRUE

0 UINT 16 10 0000 2 Current Temp = xxxx0.00 C

12345678 UDINT 16 10 0000 3 Current Temp =

xxxx12345.678 C

12345678 UDINT 16 10 0001 3 Current Temp =

xxxx12345,678 C

123 INT 16 10 0004 0 Current Temp = xxxx+123 C

-123 INT 16 10 0004 0 Current Temp = xxxx-123 C

-0.00123 REAL 16 10 0004 4 Current Temp = xxxx-0.0012 C

-0.00123 REAL 16 10 0006 4 Current Temp = -1.2300E-3 C

-INF REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxx-INF C

FALSE

+INF REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxx+INF C

NAN REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxxNAN C

12345678 UDINT 16 6 N / A 3 Current Temp = xxxx C

X: khong trng

-/+INF: m/dng v hn

NAN: hot ng ton khng hp l

10.11.2 .2 . Nhm lnh hot ng chui :

LEN

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Hnh 2.96. M t lnh

Bng 2.72: Cc thng s

Thng s Loi thng s Ki u d liu M t

IN IN STRING Chui nhp vo

OUT OUT USINT S k t hp l ca chui IN

o chiu di ca chui hin ti ti ng ra OUT. ENO lun lun TRUE

trong trng hp ny.

CONCAT

Hnh 2.97. M t lnh

Bng 2.73: Cc thng s

Ghp hai chui ng vo thnh mt chui mi, kt qu gn cho OUT. Sau

khi ghp chui 1 bn tri v chui 2 bn phi. nu chui kt hp di hn

chiu di ti a, chui kt qu c gii hn chiu di ti a v ENO c

t v 0.

Bng 2.74: iu kin m ENO

ENO iu kin OUT

Thng s Loi thng s Kiu d liu M t

IN1 IN STRING Chui nhp vo th 1

IN2 IN STRING Chui nhp vo th 2

OUT OUT STRING Ghp (chuooix1 + chui 2)

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1 Khng pht hin li K t hp l

0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti

c t xung 0Chiu di ca IN1, IN2 v OUT khng hp l

Chiu di ca IN1, IN2 v OUT l 0 hoc 255

Kt qu sau khi ghp chui ln hn so vi

di ti a ca OUT

Kt qu l chuooic k

t c sao chp cho

n khi t chiu di

ti a ca OUT.

LEFT

Hnh 2.98. M t lnh

Bng 2.75: Cc thng s

Cung cp L k t u tin ca chui IN

Nu L ln hn chiu di hin hnh ca chui IN, ton b chui IN

c gn cho OUT

Nu chui IN rng, th chui OUT l chui rng

Nu L l s m hay 0, chui rng c gn cho OUT v ENO c

t v 0.



N IN STRING Chui nhp voL IN INT S k t c trch

OUT OUT STRING Chui ng ra

ENO iu kin OUT


0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti c

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RIGHT

Hnh 2.99. M t lnh

Bng 2.77: Cc thng s

Cung cp L k t cui cng ca chui.

Nu L ln hn chiu di chui hin hnh ca chui IN, ton b chui

IN c tr v cho tham s OUT.

Nu chui IN rng, mt chui rng tr v cho OUT.

Nu L l s m hay 0, chui rng c tr v cho OUT v ENO c

t xung 0

Bng 2.78: iu kin m ENO:

Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp

l

t xung 0

L

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MID

Bng 2.79: Cc thng s

Cung cp phn gia ca chui, cc chui con l chiu di L k t v bt

u t v tr k t P.

Nu tng chiu di ca L v P vt qu chiu di hin ti ca chui

IN, mt chui con c c tr v bt u t v tr k t P n ht

chui IN.

Nu v tr k t P nm ngoi chiu di chui IN, th chui rng c tr

v cho OUT v ENO c t xung 0.

Nu cc thng s L v P l bng 0 hay s m, chui rng c tr v

OUT v ENO c t xung 0.

0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti c

t xung 0Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp

l

L

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DELETE

Xa L k t ca chui IN. Xa k t bt u t v tr k t P, v chui con

l phn cn li cung cp cho OUT.

Nu L = 0. Chui IN c gn cho OUT v ENO l TRUE.

Nu P ln hn di chui hin ti, chui IN c gn cho OUT v

ENO = FALSE.

ENO iu kin OUT


0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti ct xung 0Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp

l

L

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Nu tng L v P ln hn chiu di chui hin ti, chui c xa hon

ton.

Nu L l m hay P bng 0 hoc m, chui rng c gn cho OUT.

ENO = FALSE.


INSERT

Hnh 2.100. M t lnh

Bng 2.82: Cc thng s

ENO iu kin OUT


0 P ln hn chiu di ti a ca IN IN c sao chp vo

OUT khng c k t b

xa

Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti c

t xung 0Chiu di ti a ca IN hoc OUT khng

hp l

L

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Chn chui IN2 vo chui IN1, bt u chn sau v tr k t P.

Nu P ln hn di chui IN1, chui IN2 c ni vo chui IN1 v

ENO = FALSE

Nu P l s m hay 0, chui rng c tr v cho OUT v ENO =

FALSE.

Nu chiu di chui kt qu di hn chiu di ti a cho php ca

tham s OUT, chui kt c gii hn bi chiu di ti a ca tham

s OUT v ENO = FALSE.


IN2 IN STRING Chui chn

P IN INT V tr chn

OUT OUT STRING Chui kt qu

ENO iu kin OUT


0 P ln hn chiu di ca IN1 IN2 c ni vi IN1

sau k t cui cng

ca chui IN1

P

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10.11.3. GET_ERROR:

Hnh 2.101. M t lnh

Bng 2.84: Cc thng s


ERROR ErrorStruct Li cu trc d liu

Bng 2.85: Kiu d liu ErrorStruct

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Nguyn tc hot ng:

Theo mc nh, PLC s ngn chn mt li thc hin bng cch ng

nhp mt li trong m chun on v chuyn sang ch STOP. Tuy

nhin, nu dng lnh GetError trong mt khi m lnh. Khi ny thc

hin vic thit lp x l li trong khi. Trong trng hp ny, PLC

khng ng nhp li vo m chun on v khng chuyn sang ch

STOP. Thay vo , nhng thng tin li c chuyn n ng ra ca

GetError. Thng thng li u tin l quan trng nht, cc li pha sau

l hu qu ca li u tin.

Vic thc hin u tin ca lnh GetError trong khi tr v

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Hnh 2.102. M t lnh

M t:

Khi c li xy ra, lnh GetError tr thng tin li v cho cc a ch to

ra #error cu trc ti u ra ERROR. Cc thng tin v loi li c chuyn

i v nh gi bng hot ng so snh ==, gi tr u tin l loi li c

tr v v gi tr th hai l gi tr 1 c lu trong th "substitute". Nu li

ny l li c v iu kin so snh l TRUE, ng ra #out v OK c t

xung 0.

* Lnh g iao tip (comm un icat ions)

10.11.4. TSEND_C:

Hnh 2.103. M t lnh

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Bng 2.86: Cc thng s

Chng ta c th kim tra trng thi lm vic vi cc thng s BUSY, DONE,

ERROR v STATUS. Cc tham s BUSY ch tnh trng x l. Vi tham s

DONE, chng ta c th kim tra mt cng vic c c thc hin thnh

cng hay khng? Cc tham s ERROR c thit lp khi li xy ra trong

qu trnh thc hin lnh TSEND_C. Cc thng tin li l ng ra ca tham s

STATUS.

Bng 2.87: Cc thng s DONE, BUSY v ERROR:

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Bng 2.88: Cc thng s ERROR v STATUS

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M t:

TSEND_C l khng ng b v c cc chc nng sau y:

Ci t v thit lp kt ni truyn thng:

TSEND_C ci t mt TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) hoc

ISO-on-TCP (ISO l vit tt ca International Organization for

Standardization) v thit lp n. Sau khi kt ni c ci t v thitlp, n s t ng c duy tr v gim st bi CPU (Central

Processing Unit). Thng s CONNECT c s dng thit lp kt

ni truyn thng, cc thng s CONT c t ln gi tr 1. Khi mt

kt ni c thc hin thnh cng thng s DONE cho chu k qut t

ln 1.

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Khi CPU chuyn sang ch STOP kt ni hin ti kt thc v

thit lp kt ni b loi b. TSEND_C phi c thc hin li kt ni

c hiu lc.

Truyn d liu qua kt ni truyn thng hin c:

Thng s DATA ch khu vc c gi bao gm c a ch v

di ca d liu c truyn i. Khi pht hin c mt xung cnh ln

REQ vic truyn s c thc hin. Thng s LEN ch nh s lng

ti a cc byte gi i vi mt ln truyn. Cc d liu truyn khng

c chnh sa cho n khi vic truyn hon thnh. Nu thc hin

thnh cng, thng s DONE c thit lp gi tr 1.

Kt thc kt ni truyn thng:

Khi tn hiu CONT c gi tr 0 kt ni truyn thng kt thc. Khi

tn hiu COM_RST c gi tr 1, TSEND_C chm dt kt ni v d liu

ang truyn s b mt.

10.11.5. TRCV_C:

Hnh 2.104. M t lnh

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Bng 2.89: Cc thng s

Tng t lnh TSEND_C chng ta cng c th kim tra trng thi lmvic vi cc thng s BUSY, DONE, ERROR v STATUS. Cc tham s

BUSY ch tnh trng x l. Vi tham s DONE, chng ta c th kim tra mt

cng vic c c thc hin thnh cng hay khng? Cc tham s ERROR

c thit lp khi li xy ra trong qu trnh thc hin lnh TSEND_C. Cc

thng tin li l ng ra ca tham s STATUS

Bng 2.90: Cc thng s DONE, BUSY v ERROR:

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Bng 2.91: Cc thng s ERROR v STATUS:

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M t:

TRCV_C l khng ng b v c cc chc nng sau y:

Ci t v thit lp kt ni truyn thng:

TRCV_C ci t mt TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) hoc ISO-on-

TCP (ISO l vit tt ca International Organization for Standardization) v thit lp n.

Sau khi kt ni c ci t v thit lp, n s t ng c duy tr v

gim st bi CPU (Central Processing Unit). Thng s CONNECT c s

dng thit lp kt ni truyn thng, cc thng s CONT c t ln

gi tr 1. Khi mt kt ni c thc hin thnh cng thng s DONE

cho chu k qut t ln 1.

Khi CPU chuyn sang ch STOP kt ni hin ti kt thc vthit lp kt ni b loi b. TRCV_C phi c thc hin li kt ni

c hiu lc.

Nhn d liu qua kt ni truyn thng hin c:

Khi tn hiu EN_R c thit lp ln 1, bt u nhn cc d

liu. cc d liu nhn c nhp vo khu vc tip nhn. di ca

khu vc tip nhn ph thuc vo cc bin th giao thc c s dng

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hoc thng s LEN (nu LEN 0) hoc thng tin chiu di ca thng

s DATA (nu LEN = 0). Sau khi d liu c nhn thnh cng, tnh

trng tn hiu thng s DONE c gi tr l 1. Nu c li trong qu trnh

truyn d liu, thng s DONE c gi tr l 0.

Chm dt kt ni truyn thng:

Cc kt ni truyn thng kt thc khi cc thng s CONT c

thit lp l 0. Khi tn hiu COM_RST c gi tr 1, TRCV_C chm dt

kt ni v d liu ang nhn s b mt.

Bng 2.92: Ch tip nhn d liu ca TRCV_C:

10.11.6. PID_Compac t.

Hnh 2.105. M t lnh

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Bng 2.93: Cc thng s

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Bng 2.94: Ch hot ng:

Phng thc hot ng M t

Khng hot ng Khi chng trnh c ti xung CPU ln

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u tin cc PID_Compact c cu

hnh. B iu khin PID vn ch

khng hot ng, trong trng hp ny

ch t iu chnh trong qu trnh khi

ng c thc hin trong ca s hot

ng.

Trong qu trnh hot ng khi c li xy ra

hot controller stop , b iu khin PID

chuyn sang ch i ngng hot ng.

T iu chnh trong qu

trnh khi ng / t iu

chnh ti cc im khing

Vic t iu chnh trong qu trnh khi

ng hay t iu chnh ti im hot

ng c thc thi khi hm ny c gitrong ca s lnh.

Ch t ng Trong ch t ng, cc PID_Compact

l cng ngh chnh sa i tng cc vng

iu khin theo thng s xc nh. Nhng

thay i iu khin trong ch t ng

c thc thi khi tha cc iu kin sau:

Ch t iu chnh trong qu trnhkhi ng c hon tt.

Ch t iu chnh ti im hot

ng c hon tt.

Nu hp kim tra Use manual PID

parameters chn cc thng s PID trong

ca s cu hnh. Cc "sRet.i_Mode" c

thit lp gi tr 3.Ch bng tay Cc bin thao tc c th c thit lp

bng tay nu b iu khin PID c vn

hnh ch bng tay.

Ch dung tay c th c chn nh

sau:

Chn gi tr TRUE ti tham s

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Manual Enable

Chn

Manual manipulated variable trong

ca s hin hnh.

10.11.7. Cc ln h v n gt .

10.11 .7 .1. ATTACH

Hnh 2.106. M t lnh

Bng 2.95: Cc thng s


OB_NR

IN

OB_ATT Khi t chc

EVENT EVENT_ATT S kin ngt

ADD BOOL ADD = 0 (mc nh)-s kin ny thay thtt c tp hp trc cho OB

ADD = 1 - S kin nyc thm vo tphp trc cho OB.

RET_VAL OUT INT Tnh trng ch th

Bng 2.96: Tham s RET_VAL:

RET_VAL iu kin

0 Khng c li

8090 OB khng tn ti

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8091 OB l khng ng

8093 S kin ngt khng tn ti

10.11 .7 .2. DETACH

Hnh 2.107. M t lnh

Bng 2.97: Cc thng s

Bng 2.98: Tham s RET_VAL

RET_VAL iu kin

0 Khng c li1 Khng tn ti phn chia

8090 OB khng tn ti

8091 OB l khng ng

8093 S kin cm ngt khng tn ti

10.11.8. L n h v xu ng : CTRL_PWM

Hnh 2.108. M t lnh

Thng s Loi thng s Kiu d liu M tOB_NR IN OB_ATT Khi t chc

EVENT IN EVENT_ATT S kin cm ngt

RET_VAL OUT INT Tnh trng ch th

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Bng 2.99: Cc thng s

Thng s Loi

thng s

Ki u

d liu

Gi tr

ban

u

M t

PWM IN WORD 0 PWM nh danh:Tn ca my pht xung sc kch hot tr thnh thtrong cc hng s bng Tagv s c sn s dng nhl tham s PWM

ENABLE IN BOOL 0 1 = bt u to ra xung

0 = ngng to ra xung

BUSY OUT BOOL Chc nng bn rnSTATUS OUT WORD 0 iu kin thc hin m

Hot ng:

Mt khi d liu (DB) c s dng bi lnh CTRL_PWM lu tr

thng tin s. Khi t lnh CTRL_PWM vo trnh son tho chng trnh,

mt DB s c ch nh. Cc khi d liu khng thay i thng s mt

cch ring bit, m c iu khin bi CTRL_PWM.

Khi ng vo cho php EN l TRUE, CTRL_PWM bt u hoc kt thc

ty thuc vo gi tr ca thng s ENABLE, chiu rng ca xung c xc

nh bi gi tr ca a ch Q lin kt xut t ng ra.

Trong qu trnh thc thi lnh CTRL_PWM, tham s BUSY lun lun

FALSE. Nu pht hin li trong qu trnh hot ng, ENO c thit lp l

FALSE v STATUS cha tham s trng thi m.

Bng 2.100: Cc Trng thi m:

Gi tr STATUS iu kin

0 Khng c li

80A1 PWM nh danh mt a ch khng hp l PWM.

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Ch ng II: Lp t rnh ng dng PLC S7 1200

1 . ng dng 1 : iu kh in bng t ruyn ng gi t ri cy.

Hnh 3.1. M t h thng

a. M t hot ng ca h t hng.

Khi n START hay I0.0 = 1, bng truyn hp s di chuyn. Nh cm

bin v tr, bng truyn hp dng li khi hp vo ng v tr. Mch m

s hp hot ng (s hp c th t trc). Sau bng truyn tri cy

s di chuyn cc tri cy s ri vo hp. Cm bin th hai s n ng 3

qu (s tri cy c th t trc), bng truyn tri cy s dng v bng

truyn hp li bt u di chuyn. H thng lp i lp li cho n khi m

s hp t trc hoc nt STOP c n hay I0.1 = 1.

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Trong khi h thng ang hot ng n nt RESET (I0.2 =1) h thng s

chy li t u.

b . Yu cu phn c ng .

- i vi h thng ng gi tri cy c nu phn a. , cn c

hai b cm bin xc nh v tr hp v cm bin c tri cy. xc

nh v tr v tr hp v xc nh c tri cy ngi ta c th dng nhiu loi

cm bin khc nhau. Tuy nhin trong phn bo co ny, cm bin hng

ngoi c s dng xc nh s tri cy v v tr hp.

- C cu truyn ng: c nhiu phng n nh dng ng c,

dng kh nn, thy lc...Trong bi ny, ng c DC c s dng

vn hnh bng truyn.

c . S u dy .

S kt ni cc I/O ca PLC c trnh by trong (Hinh c).

Hinh 3.2 S kt ni PLC vi cc bng truyn v cc nt n.

Trong cc s hiu ca PLC c qui nh trong bng sau:

Ng vo Ng ra

I0.0 Nt n start Q0.0 Bng truyn hp

I0.1 Nt n stop Q0.1 Bng truyn tri cy

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I0.2 Nt Reset

I0.3 Cm bin hp

I0.4 Cm bin s tri cy

d . S th it k p hn c n g.

Mch cm bin:

Hinh 3.3. S mch cm bin hng ngoi

Mch cm bin v tr hp v cm bin c tri cy c by trnh trong

(hnh d.1)

Trong :o D1: led pht hng ngoi.

o D2: led thu hng ngoi.

o D3: Diode bo v transistor Q1A

o VR: bin tr chnh nhy ca cm bin.

B cm bin hot ng theo kiu thu pht thu x. Tc l led pht

v led thu hng ngoi c t i xng vi nhau. Bnh thng led thu

nhn nh sng hng ngoi t led pht kch transistor Q1A dn, kchRelay bt sang v tr 4, ng ra OUT mc 0. Khi c hp hoc tri cy n

lm cho led thu khng nhn c nh sng hng ngoi t led pht lm

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