Upload
lyhanh
View
235
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution 14 February 2013
Integrity Service Excellence
John W. Luginsland Program Officer
AFOSR/RTB Air Force Research Laboratory
Plasma and Electro-energetic Physics
Date: 05 March 2013
Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188
Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering andmaintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, ArlingtonVA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if itdoes not display a currently valid OMB control number.
1. REPORT DATE 05 MAR 2013 2. REPORT TYPE
3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2013 to 00-00-2013
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Plasma and Electro-Energetic Physics
5a. CONTRACT NUMBER
5b. GRANT NUMBER
5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER
6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER
5e. TASK NUMBER
5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER
7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Air Force Office of Scientific Research ,AFOSR/RTB,875 N. Randolph,Arlington,VA,22203
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMBER
9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)
11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S)
12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited
13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Presented at the AFOSR Spring Review 2013, 4-8 March, Arlington, VA.
14. ABSTRACT
15. SUBJECT TERMS
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Same as
Report (SAR)
18. NUMBEROF PAGES
22
19a. NAME OFRESPONSIBLE PERSON
a. REPORT unclassified
b. ABSTRACT unclassified
c. THIS PAGE unclassified
Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18
2 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Plasma and Electro-Energetic Physics
NAME: John Luginsland , Plasma and Electro-energetic Physics BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO: Explore scientific opportunities in plasmas and electro-energetic physics where energy-dense objects powered by electromagnetic energy can provide new vistas in high-power electronics, plasma-enabled chemistry, and fluid/turbulence dynamics arenas Sub-area: High Power Microwave (HPM) sources, non-equilibrium plasmas, and pulsed power
AFOSR AFOSR
AFOSR
3 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
“What’s past is prologue…”
2008 Spring Review BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO: To advance the state-of-the-art in high power electronics for USAF applications in DEW, radar, EW, and communications. Sub-area: • HPM sources • Pulsed power • Cold plasma
4 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Plasma and Electro-energetic Physics
5 mm
NEP
HPM/DE
PP Often far from equilibrium
5 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
High Power Microwaves
• HPM and vacuum electronics has demonstrated Pf2 (energy density) doubling every 26 month since 1930
– MW-GW, ~30-40% efficient, 0.1-1 µs
• Emission physics fundamental physics for input power (Joint RD/RX/EOARD/AFOSR)
10-100µm diameter
Substructure of nanotube super-ropes with 200-600nm diameter ~70-90% of the theoretical close-packing density for 1.0nm nanotubes
RD
RX/Rice
6 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Recirculating Magnetron (U-Michigan and AFRL/RD)
Conventional 12 vane magnetron
Anode
Cathode
Conventional-polarity 20-vane RPM
Anode Cathode
• Larger cathode surface area provides higher
current
• Larger anode area allows for faster heat dissipation
• RPM allows for nearly full electron beam recirculation
• Planar cavities are decoupled from the anode-
cathode and spacing
• Magnetic field volume (V) scales linearly with # cavities (N) instead of (N2) as with cylindrical magnetron
7 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Phase Control
Phase locked for µs
8 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Amplifiers vs Oscillators A Grand Challenge
80kW (10kW ave)
Haystack/Warloc Fundamental challenge in mating high power (nonlinearity) and amplification (linearity)
electron beam RF in
RF out
30dB gain at 300W (200MHz BW) MIT
9 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
High Power MM for Transformation Optics
\.J ••• •
(
I .1'
.r-
~1200~
l1 ~1 000~ SOD ~
IJ) _, 600 .!!!
.!!! :::>
- Gradient ro § - Ac:cunulated Elfealtdowns ,200 <
100 1 SD 200 250 300 350
Pr~~$~if>!l r~ (1\r)
FY'12 MURI Transformational Electromagnetics
U N IVERSITY of A CALIFORN IA MTMs design LSU
IRVINE ~A STATE UNIVERSITY
UNM I r.lectrical & Computer Fngineering
High Power VEDs, MTMs, plasma diagnostics
Collaboration with UT-Austin (G. Shvets group)
MTMs design and characterization,
antennas
I . U .l."iio8il'"'-1.:3"'l'111oaJ: l.:!el'lll.al: I U.,.,.,o'OQ.:! I Hl7oo$12 U~Ml!co4Q!
~.seti31o0Q:
J.~ ... : lT-2 .!. ~.:DI•OU
J. r.ze& .. : ..!. ~toe..-:
_, 'l!lt')!I ... Z l Eo!""'o$1Z ..5.2~91:--:
J. :l£12co.Ga: .!.~oGII:
17
10 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Non-Equilibrium Air Plasma
Light from 3 µs discharge
MIT for CHPM effort/Energy Transfer BRI
Trot=450K~Tg
Tvib=5000K
11 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Novel Plasma Chemistry \.J ••• • EDF f(E
a( E)
~
Transient Plasma, Higher energy, nonthermal electrons. No significant change in
gas temperature
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N M ~ ~ ~ ~ 00 m ~ ~ N M ~ ~
EDF f(E)
Electron Energy (eV)
a( E)
Equilibrated Plasma, Electron and gas temperature are both less than a few eV
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ~ N M ~ ~ ~ ~ 00 m 0 ~ N M ~ ~
~ ~
Electron Energy (eV)
AI,O,
- I AI
~ .......... ; .....
'!
...... ...&. ...... ../l
v
12 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Non-Equilibrium Plasma in Space
NRL Space Chamber
AFRL/RY Theory on LH and IAW
13 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Strongly Coupled Plasma (Γ = 99 = PE/KE)
Voss Sci/OSU
Ultracold, neutral plasma
14 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Strongly Coupled Plasma
Zi = 25 mi = 56mp ne=1024 cm-3
T=Ti = Te Wigner-Seitz radius: a = (3/4πni)1/3
Coupling Parameter: Γ=Z2e2/akT
Plasma typically defined by kinetic energy > ionization energy Strongly coupled plasma occurs when PE > KE
BRI with T. Curcic + STTR Transition
Voss Sci/OSU
15 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Sample PIC simulation using the density decomposition scheme including a non-local three-body recombination event.
Atomic processes in PIC Voss Sci/OSU
\.J ••• •
- • • I . a. i-" • • .. ... """'~ . ' ~~ • 411 II
I I '
nteract1on Sphere lon
\ - Position-+--------1 \ -~' "' - [Fixe~) I
I f ~K \
~ 0+---~-----~~~~ } ~'--/--~----~--~
.• - r-.., .. " ... Ill \ I/ v I 1• t. ef' - .. .. Electron / ~' ~
~ •• ..... ......, - Orbit~. , -5~~~-~~~~~~-+-~~~~~ ' .~
·~ : ~ .. • • ~·· . ..... ~-....... 'Ill -1 +-----+-----'-.... __.~--,_"'_.__:"''""=-· •-..,,,,._.=~·~=-.. t+--------1
+-~~·~~·+·~~~~~·-+~~~~~·~~~~ Electron , • • .... • .. I"' ..
_10 +-,~~~+~-~· ~·~+-~~~·~·~r+~~~··~· ~----+---------4--(3_r_d_B_o_d_y)_O_~~rb_it __ ~ -1 0 -5 0 5 10 -1 0 1
X X
16 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Energy Evolution (40 time step duration)
Voss Sci/OSU
\.J ••• •
a) o.e
0.5
0.4
> e> 0.3 (I) c w
0.2
0.1
Total Energy
I Recombination
Event
Field Energy
Particle Energy
0. 0 +--r---r----r---r----r-~----r----..---,.----..---r----~ 0 50 1 00 150 200 250 300
Time
b)
> C) '-Q) c w
0.520
Recombination
0.518 Event I
I I
0.516 I Total Energy
I I I 0.514
I I 1- -t
0.512 40 Steps
0. 51 0 +-----..---r--r--~--r-----,.---r------. 120 140 160
Time
180 200
17 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
An Aside: Transformative Computation
Tech-X (treecode for SCP on GPU)
• 3 Recent Basic Research Initiatives (Curcic, Fahroo, JWL, Smith, Stargel) – Ultra-Scale and Fault-Resilient Algorithms: Mathematical Algorithms for Ultra-
Parallel Computing – Transformational Computing via Co-Design of High-Performance Algorithms and
Hardware – Transformational Computing in Aerospace Science and Engineering (Q.
Algorithms for Physics)
Software Spectrum
Hardware Spectrum
Requirements
18 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Pulsed Power Science Challenges
• Fundamental focus on transport of charge and energy through solid-state high-energy materials
• MURI on Magnetic-Energy Conversion with Sayir
• BRI on Metal-Dielectric Interfaces with Sayir
• Engineer materials to provide competing characteristics of – Energy density (ε) – Rapid discharge
capability – Breakdown Dielectric
strength (E)
19 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
0.44h
Pulsed Power Successes
S. Heidger, STAR team
b
Zhang, UM
20 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
New Initiatives and Resources
Metal-dielectric
Ultracold/ strongly coupled
Energy Transfer
Magnetic Energy
Conversion
Ionosphere/ Heaters
Mat/Proc FarEquil CME
Plasma Chem
HP MM
Rel Optics
Influence of novel
weapons
Collaborations across AFOSR
21 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
Resources \.J ••• •
Computation
STTR
BRI
MURI
• LRIR
Core
22 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Unclassified, Unlimited Distribution
AFOSR is the leading DOD 6.1 organization for non-equilibrium plasma physics, especially for HPM/vacuum
electronics EM sources
Collaborators/Teammates • Active collaborations with AFRL, ONR, ARL, DTRA, DARPA, NSF, DOE, and Air U • Joint project with DARPA in micro-plasmas • Close interactions with 9 LRIR, 3 MURI, and 11 BRI (fundamental sciences finds a
wide range of collaborations)
fs to hrs; nm to 100s km; solid-state energy/charge transport to plasma to WDM