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PARUSwww.parus.co.kr
PLANTS GROW With LED LIGHTING
Next generation illumination For competitiveness of friendlyenvironment agriculture
1. Outline of LED lighting for growing plants.
2. Necessity of LED lighting
for growing plants.
3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?4. Characteristic of PARUS
LED lighting for growing plants.
Field Applications.
5. Product introduction.
PARUS
1. Outline of LED lighting for growing plants.
Grow plants by artificial lighting-The age of Edison-
Human beings have constantly continued the expansion of space and time development with the invention of artificial lighting. Human productivity has increased by various application of artificial lighting since the time of Edison especially in the fields of agriculture, livestock and fishing industries.
At present, agricultural industries are facing a turning point with the advent of semiconductor LED. Existing lighting has a wide wave range designed for human sight. On the other hand, LED lighting has a capability of growing plants with computer accuracy emitting short wavelength that effects plants and insects.
During the 1960s, LED was first used to grow plants in outer space by NASA. Today, it is has many practical uses in various fields due to low-cost mass production. In the 1980s, Japan started applying LED to grow high-quality vegetables and flowers. Because of this, a steady supply of high-quality seedlings has been made possible to suppliers all-year round, as well as medicinal and industrial plants.
LED lighting is not just a general trend but becoming an essential tool for survival in today’s competitive market as its application becomes more diverse.
PARUS is the strong partner for raising your competitiveness in business environment, more so in these times of crisis.
The light revolution has begunThe age of LED
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2. Necessity of LED lighting for growing lighting.
Change of climate and environment
Using over-dosed chemical fertilizer or pesticide for plants cultivation is an outdated technique, demands for growth also mean being harmless to humans and considering environmental problems.
The demands of the times- Energy Saving
Environmentally friendly agriculture
PARUS LED lighting process technology
- Regardless of climate change, all-year-round production is possible.- Over 80% more of energy saving than with light bulb.- Environmentally friendly technology, using no mercury or heavy metal.- No use of chemical fertilizer to effectively grow plants.-LED lighting technology can dramatically reduce the use of pesticide
and insect control.
At present, the world is facing food crisis caused by climate change and industrialization resulting in the decrease of crop harvests. This crisis is foreseen to get worse over time.
Energy reduction is a worldwide trend that also includes the participation from the agricultural industry. Objective: 2013, all light bulbs disappear.
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3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?
200 1400800400 600 1000 1200Wavelength(nm)
100
50
0
Solar radiation range.
Visible raysUltraviolet Infrared rays
Light that plants need Solar radiation has various diffusions and absorption is only possible with wavelengths from 300nm to 3.000nm.
Human eyes perceive 380-780nm wavelengths, and distinguish between light and color. The light of the green color (555nm) is detected more sensibly than the other colors.
Radiation effects to plants is physically effect radiation (300-800nm)and photosynthesis effect radiation(PAR : 400~700nm). Those radiation absorb mid-blue colors and red colors, reflect green colors(so plants reflect green color seen green)
Spectrum of plants absorption
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3. How do plant grow with LED lighting?
Range of effects a wavelength has on a plant
Wavelength absorption of plant : chlorophyll operation(440nm, 655nm), photosynthesis operation(430nm, 670nm)Detection wavelength of insects : 280nm ~ 580nmDetection wavelength of fish : 480nm ~ 510nm
wavelength (nm) Activity effect
Infraredrays IR-A
1400~1000 No activity detected on plants at this wavelength. Only heat effect.780 Stimulate the growth of the plant.
Visiblerays
red
Red-yellow
green -yellow
blue
700 Blocks germination (730nm). Photosynthesis operation at 670nm maximum.
660 Chlorophyll operation at 655nm maximum. Germination operation and flower bud formation and leaf distribution (660nm).
610 No benefit on photosynthesis but prevention of harmful insects (580-650nm).
510 Little absorption by yellow pigments (485nm).
430~440 Photosynthesis operation at 430nm maximum. Chlorophyll operation at 440nm maximum. Prevention of harmful insects.
Ultraviolet rays
UV-A 400 ~ 315 Leaves of plants can be thickened. Ager promotion operation of pigment. Prevention of harmful insects.
UV-B 280 Operation highly affecting plants processes, like the immunity formation, etc. May be harmful on plants if this wavelength is too intense.
UV-C 100 Operation rapidly drying plants.
An operation effect a wavelength having on to a plant
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Brightness of suitable Lighting for plants
The unit commonly used is based on human visual senses since most of the lights have been developed for people. However, photosynthesis is not perceptible for the human sight.For example, the reception of the blue wavelength (450nm) is 3,8%. If the green wavelength has the same energy as the blue wavelength, the human sight perceives a wavelength of about 4%. In order to create efficient light intensity in growing plants, we must agree on a unit based on the photosynthesis characteristics.PPFD (Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density)
Light saturation point and light compensation point of all kinds of plants – A Fluorescent lamp basis
growing plants light saturation point lx (PPFD) light compensation point lx (PPFD)
tomato, watermelon 70,000 lx (847) 3,000 lx (36)
cucumber 55,000 lx (665) 2,000 lx (24)
pea 40,000 lx (484) 2,000 lx (24)
lettuce, pepper 25,000 lx (302) 1,500 lx (18)
grape 40,000 lx (484) 400 lx (5)
orange 40,000 lx (484) 200 lx (2.5)
pear 40,000 lx (484) 300 lx (3.6)
peach 40,000 lx (484) 400 lx (5)
fig 40,000 lx (484) 1,000 lx (12)
saintpaulia 5,000 lx (60) 500 lx (6)
orchid 10,000 lx (121) 300 lx (3.6)
cyclamen 15,000 lx (181) 300 lx (3.6)
ginseng 12,000 lx (145) 500 lx (6)
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3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?
Differences between classic lighting and LED lighting to influence plants activities and processes
Even if the artificial lighting is as bright as for the human perception (real life simulation), there is a significant difference observed for plants depending on the lights used. As bright as 10.000 lx and in the same conditions, the extent of what plants perceive of LED lighting for growing is several times more effective than with a simple light bulb or a fluorescent lamp. Concerning photosynthesis application, LED lighting makes it possible to achieve maximum efficiency by just using a narrow wavelength. LED lighting on plants is therefore a successful and valuable necessity.
PARUS3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?
100
50
0
Fluorescent wavelength
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300 700400 600500250
100
50
0
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300 700400 600500250
PARUS LED Glow LightWavelength
LED
Lighted 10000 LX on same condition
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太陽 白熱灯 蛍光灯 メタル灯 LED-RB LED-R LED-b LED-G LED-Y
PRFD(W m-2)光合成放射線密度
42 45 31 36 210 195 228 26 26
PPFD(µmol m-2 s-1)光合成光量子束密度
168 200 121 155 930 870 760 99 110
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Grow Lighting PPFD, PRFD等しい条件で 1万 Lx の調査
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S
SUN Incandescent Fluorescent HPS
PARUS3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?
2.45
21.31
23.58
17.97
10.42
5.05
7.52
24.73
19.58
23.37
21.32
21.74
21.96
22.38
21.24
20.86
20.34
20.64
20.43
19.36
17.21
15.60
19.50
20.30
20.20
16.40
15.45
16.81
16.76
2.51
2.56
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
400nm450nm455nm475nm525nm590nm600nm630nm660nmRB 9:1RB 8:2RB 7:3RB 6:4RB 5:5RB 4:6RB 3:7RB 2:8RB 1:9
RB 8(630):2RB 8(660):2
RFB 7:2:1RFB 1:2:7
LED RBC (std)LED RBC (blue)
LED RBC (IR)LED RBC (UV IR)
White LED 3000KWhite LED 6500K
White LED 12000KHID(HPS) 45W
Fluorescent 18W
LED
Sing
leW
avel
engt
hLE
D Ra
tioR:
BFu
llSp
ectr
um
PPFD / Watt
LED Single Wavelength
LED Ratio Red : Blue
Full Spectrum
PARUS3. How do plants grow with LED lighting?
PPFD/Watt vs. Grow
Crops : Dill
400nm 450nm 455nm 475nm 525nm 590nm 600nm 630nm 660nm RB 9:1 RB 8:2 RB 7:3 RB 6:4 RB 5:5 RB 4:6 RB 3:7 RB 2:8 RB 1:9RB
8(630):2
RB8(660):
2
RFB7:2:1
RFB1:2:7
RBC(std)
RBC(blue)
RBC(IR)
RBC(UV IR)
W3000K
W6500K
W12000K
HID45W FL 18W
Taste 2 5 4 3 1 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 5 1 2 2 2 1
Color 1 3 4 3 2 1 2 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 3 1
Shape 1 3 4 3 1 1 1 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 2 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 2 1
Height 1 4 4 3 2 1 2 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 2
Weight 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 3 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 4 2 2 2 3 1
Size 1 3 4 2 1 1 1 4 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 3 3 4 1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
400nm 450nm 455nm 475nm 525nm 590nm 600nm 630nm 660nm RB 9:1 RB 8:2 RB 7:3 RB 6:4 RB 5:5 RB 4:6 RB 3:7 RB 2:8 RB 1:9RB
8(630):2
RB8(660)
:2
RFB7:2:1
RFB1:2:7
LEDRBC(std)
LEDRBC
(blue)
LEDRBC(IR)
LEDRBC
(UV IR)
WhiteLED
3000K
WhiteLED
6500K
WhiteLED
12000K
HID(HPS) 45W
Fluorescent18W
PPFD/W 2.45 21.31 23.58 17.97 10.42 5.05 7.52 24.73 19.58 23.37 21.32 21.74 21.96 22.38 21.24 20.86 20.34 20.64 20.43 19.36 17.21 15.60 19.50 20.30 20.20 16.40 15.45 16.81 16.76 2.51 2.56Grow 0.22 6.00 9.44 3.60 0.36 0.04 0.45 7.75 14.34 22.06 22.66 19.42 17.56 12.01 15.10 9.13 9.20 8.11 12.20 13.78 14.50 8.88 13.68 18.70 11.60 14.58 5.10 4.43 3.76 8.08 0.49
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
Crops : Dill
section object Kind of plantsPPFD
(μmol m-2s-1 )
Plants factoryPerfect closed form Stability product lettuce, ginseng etc. 310
Light of the sun +artificial illumination
Stability product lettuce, industrial crop etc. 145
seeding factory perfect closed form(shelf method)
Mass stability product Tomato etc. 150
Facilities Horticulture
lighting growing Blooming control
chrysanthemum 0.5~1
strawberries 0.2~0.8
carnation 0.5
Supplemental lighting growing
Stability productgreens 70
Pansy nursery plant 20
Flower abscission controlFloricultural crop 12
pea 150
coloring cherry, peach, grape 30~250
recuperationgrape 2
rose 5
prevention Cucumber nursery plant 25
into ingredient control spinach 200
Disease prevention Strawberries etc. 150
inside ornamental plant Supplemental lighting growing
Closed environment Ornamental foliage plant 7~15
Solar + artificial lightening Floricultural crop etc. 70
Solar +artificial lighteningspinach , Floricultural crop
Etc.70
Categories of growing plants and their application form
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3. How do plant grow with LED lighting?
PARUS lighting features for growing plants
- Optimal wavelength condition offer to cultivate a plant by using PARUS patent technique.- Trouble-free utilization (no device needed), runs like a common light.- No risk: waterproof, damp proof and anti-damage system.- It is possible to create diverse structural installations from 15,30,60,90 to 180°
research methods.- Long-lasting product life expectancy / low power use / PPFD 300μmol m-2s-1 (10W ~ 60W)
植物成長に適合した多様な波長の具現365nm ~ 850nm, 植物成長, 病害虫防除
形態別,種類別,照明開発及び生産小型照明から特殊型,大型照明MR16, E26,27, G13, Linear, Panel, Light Box
Hi-Power型 LED照明300Watt以上の植物栽培LED照明PPFD 2,500 µmol m-2s-1（光源100mm）
植物工場用LED照明無線制御システム,防熱管理システム,養液,環境管理システム,波長及び光度,パルス自動制御
Patented Technology
PARUSLED Grow Light - Technology
Deduct best LED short- length for plant growth courseRealization LED light through discover best spectrum for making chlorophyll and photosynthesis.
ⅰ)Photosynthesis : The greatest is 670nm of red light, secondarily greatest is 430nm of blue light ⅱ)Composition chlorophyll : The biggest is 655nm of red light, secondarily biggest is 440 of blue light
-Flowering plants : chrysanthemum, rose, carnation, gypsophila, gerbera, lily, orchid, etc.-vegetables : tomato, paprika, red pepper, cucumber, spinach, lettuce, leaf of green, paprika, eggplant green pepper etc-Fruit vegetable : strawberry, watermelon, melon, pumpkin, fig etc.- Fruit : grape, tangerine etc-Special crops : mushroom, ginseng, moss, codonopsis lancelate etc.
PARUS technology-Accumulated know-how through long-term of R&D-Holding patent source invention of grow plants using LED light system-Holding technology of product variety wavelength LED and lighting fixtures-Holding patent technology of heating process
PARUS Verification-PARUS institute conducts its own test of growth-Using supplied products at Japan, Europe, U.S.A. etc.
Patented Technology
PFL600
PARUSLED Grow Light - Solutions
Problems of current agriculture
1. Environmental problems and shortage of food by global warming? 2. High energy expense? Energy reduction? 3. Productivity rise and differentiation? Efficiency maximization? 4. Product and income decrease annually by climatic change? 5. Severe competition by FTA globalization
Solution
Solution by LED Grow light
1. Available product by 247 and unrelated with climatic change 2. High efficiency low expense (decrease 70% expense, increase 20% income) 3. Increase agricultural compatibility 4. LED light system is future agriculture development field for counter plan of climatic change 5. Agrichemical-free : ability of composing blue ocean by green-marketing
Patented Technology
Configuration of the optimum LED wavelength for each plant Application test for each plant Application to a plant factory
The data is calculated with application of data in the wavelength analysis system in order to identify optimum growth wavelengths, lighting intensities, pulses, and duty rates, etc.
20~30 days are taken.
Based on the obtained data, the culture test is conducted in order to configure other data related with culture.
20~40 days are taken.
Automatic culture is performed by the control system when the configuration data is formatted and inputted in the control computer.
4. FIELD APPLICATION
Plants growblooming, budding, cut flower,embryophore, immunity,Flower bud formation etc.
Disease and pest injury controlalluring, eradiation propagation delay control
Disease prevention and therapy
Environmental cleansing and no power system
Environmental cleansing by light catalyst(abstraction, disinfection, water quality, gas cleansing)By using solar system no power auto-management
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