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PLANNING IN A COLLEGE TOWN
Implementing Smart Growth in College Park, Maryland
SETTING THE STAGE
• City is home/host to University of Maryland
• City population – 25,000 • UM population – 48,000• UM campus is 40% of land
area of city & boundaries are expanding
• UM functions autonomously• UM exempt from city/county
zoning & permit requirements & real estate taxes
• City demographics reflect college town
SETTING THE STAGE
Area Age DistributionU.S. Census Bureau
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Under5
15 to17
21 30 to34
45 to49
60and61
67 to69
80 to84
United States
College Park
Metro Area
Prince George'sCounty
SETTING THE STAGE
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Under5
years
15 to17
years
21years
30 to34
years
45 to49
years
60and61
years
67 to69
years
80 to84
years
Age
Ann Arbor, MI
Berkely, CA
Champaign-Urbana, IL
Chapel Hill, NC
College Park, MD
College Town Age DistributionU.S. Census Bureau
SETTING THE STAGE
Income Changes, 1990-2000U.S. Census Bureau
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Median Household Income Per Capita Income
United States
College Park
Metro Area
FORMAL TOWN-GOWN RELATIONS
Checkered Past – Hopeful Future
• 1995 City Comprehensive Plan
• 2001-2020 UM Facilities Master Plan
• Memorandum of Understanding between City and UM
-Advisory Planning Commission
-Facilities Council Meetings
• College Park City-University Partnership
• 2003 City Housing Plan/2005 UM Housing Market Study
• 2005 City Economic Development Plan
• Student representative on City Council
VISION STATEMENTS
CITY-UNIVERSITY RELATIONS
From the City Comprehensive Plan:
College Park is a harmonious college town with a diverse population of short-term and long-term residents. The University and City regularly communicate and cooperate on issues and reflect an integrated view of the campus and City as one community. They work together to coordinate decision-making, share resources and address mutual problems and opportunities for a better quality of life for all.
From the UM Facilities Master Plan:
Reinforce the campus’s role as a good neighbor in the larger community by the careful development of sites on the campus periphery or in outlying areas that link us to the community.
PLANNING INITIATIVES
1. US 1 Corridor Sector Plan - 2002
2. Transit District Development Plan - 1997
3. East Campus District Project - New
COLLEGE PARK US 1CORRIDOR SECTOR PLAN-2002
Purposes of Plan
• Change strip commercial zoning to allow residential and mixed use
• Promote compact, infill development & redevelopment
• Revitalize city main street and gateway to university
• Establish new development standards and design guidelines
Existing
Future
COLLEGE PARK US 1 CORRIDOR SECTOR PLAN
Roles and Expectations• City requested plan; M-NCPPC lead
agency; team created• University decision to have own property
rezoned• Active participation by senior university
administrators in process• Improved environment for recruitment of
students & faculty• Opportunities for student housing needs to
be met by off-campus private development• Opportunities for UM affiliated partners and
organizations to move closer to campus in new offices
• More vibrant college town with quality retail, restaurant, hotel and entertainment facilities
COLLEGE PARK US 1 CORRIDOR SECTION PLAN - 2002
Implementation Realities
• New M-U-I / DDOZ zoning & development review streamlining has attracted much developer interest
• Redevelopment is still tough when land assembly, business relocation and high land costs are factors
• Developer’s proposals not always consistent with plan and many plan amendments sought
• Community opposition to increased density & traffic congestion
• Disagreement between city & university on support for specific projects
COLLEGE PARK US 1 CORRIDOR SECTOR PLAN – 2002
16-story student housing project built on west side of Route 1 with view of campus
4-story luxury apartment project proposed on east side of Route 1 and opposed by civic association
Contrast and Contradiction
TRANSIT DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN (TDDP) – 1997 COLLEGE PARK-UNIVERSITY OF
MARYLAND METRO STATION AREA
Purposes of Plan
• Create a transit district for 300 acres on east side of Metro Station
• Redevelop underutilized industrial area
• Provide economic development opportunities
• Revise approved land uses and rezone target properties
• Protect single family residential area to the west
TRANSIT DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN (TDDP) - 1997
Roles & Expectations
• M-NCPPC- lead process; city & university participation including architecture studio (also Town of Riverdale Park)
• University is property owner in area• WMATA joint development
opportunity at station• Vocal citizen opposition to
residential uses (fear of student & low-income housing) and tall buildings
• City vision for new urban, mixed-use neighborhood not realized
TRANSIT DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN (TDDP) - 1997
Implementation Realities
• Fractured planning process led to many plan compromises
• Residential uses severely limited; height limits vary from 60’-90’
• Urban setting in north & suburban campus setting in south
• Federal agencies relocated or planned include USDA, FDA & NOAA
• University assembled 130 acres & has launched M Square, a 2.8 million square foot research park (first 3 office buildings in design phase)
• Other development stalled – no opportunity to meet housing demand
• Recent city plans call for revisiting TDDP for possible amendment
MIXED USE (Office/Retail/Hotel/Light Industrial)
PLANNED EMPLOYMENT (Office/Retail/Light Industrial)
MIXED USE (Office/Retail/Hotel/Residential)
RECREATION
OPEN SPACE
TRANSIT DISTICT DEVELOPMENT PLAN (TDDP) – 1997
Current proposed layout for M Square Enterprise Campus
Alternate Master Plan for Transit District and M Square
Contrast & Contradiction
EAST CAMPUS DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
New Initiative Approved
• 35 Acres of university land between Route 1 and the Metro Station proposed for redevelopment
• Property rezoned to M-U-I as part of US 1 Sector Plan
• Unique opportunity to extend Downtown and create Town Center
• Proposed RFP process and private development partner
• Importance of early city involvement in planning process
FUTURE OF SMART GROWTH IN COLLEGE PARK
• University is a catalyst for new development and is expanding it’s role and influence in the development process
• University is becoming a major developer (in partnership with the private sector) of land within the City of College Park
• Community interests must be seriously addressed by the university
• The City of College Park and the University of Maryland must engage in continuous collaborative planning and implementation
• EPA Smart Growth Implementation Assistance planned for January 2006