Plain Language Alternatives for Patient Information and Consent Materials

8/13/2019 Plain Language Alternatives for Patient Information and Consent Materials

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December5,2008

PlainLanguageAlternativesforPatientInformationandConsentMaterials

AnotetothereadersandusersofthislistThislistofplainlanguagealternatives(atthe4thor5thgradereadinglevel)formedicalandotherhighleveldifficulttermsisintendedfortheuseofallthosecommunicating

withpeoplewhohaveweakliteracyskills.Thelistisnotyetcomprehensive,althoughI

hopeitwillbesomeday.Idefinetermsastheyariseinthecourseofmyeditingpatient

informationandconsentmaterials,sothislistisaverymuchaworkingdocument.ThatmeansthatIamaddingtoandeditingthelistalmostdaily.Asaconsequence,youmay

findsomeofthedefinitionsarestillprettyrough:someareawaitingapprovalbythe

authors;somearespecifictocontextofaparticularworkandhavenotyetbeen

generalized;somemayevenneededitingtocleanupmyerrors.(Pleasefeelfreeto

pointouttheseerrors.Editorsneededitorstoo!)

Iwelcomeyoursuggestionsandcommentsaboutanyofthetermsonthislist.Mygoal

istomakesurethattheinformationmaterialswegiveparentsandpatientsis

understoodbythewidestpossibleaudience.

Ifyouwouldliketosharemyplainlanguagelistwithothers,youmaydosoaslongas

youcreditmeasthesource,assetoutinthecopyrightnoticebelow.Ifyouchooseto

modifythislistinanywayforyourownpurposes,pleasecontactmeforpermissionto

useit.

Thankyouforyourinterest.

Sharon Nancekivell

Freelanceeditor,writer,plainlanguageconsultant

AssistantProfessor,BiomedicalCommunications,FacultyofMedicine,Universityof

Toronto

Email:

[email protected]

Telephone/Fax:5198369713

Copyright20022007,bySharonNancekivell.Allrightsreserved.Electronicorprintredistributionof

thisworkfornonprofitpurposesispermitted,providedthisnoticeisattachedinitsentirety.All

unauthorized,forprofitredistributionisprohibited.Forfurtherinformationaboutreprintingthiswork,

pleasecallSharonNancekivell.


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CopyrightSharonNancekivell20022007.Allrightsreserved.Electronicorprintredistributionofthisworkfor

nonprofitpurposesispermitted,providedthisnoticeisattachedinitsentirety.Allunauthorized,forprofit

redistributionisprohibited.

TheplainlanguagelistInsteadof UseA[abbreviationsofanykind] writeoutinfull;includetheabbreviation

onlyifpatientswillhearitconstantlyor

ifitismeaningful

[clotting]factorconcentrates[seealso

factorVIII]bloodproductsusedtotreatproblems

withbleeding

ablood

product

used

to

prevent

bleeding

ortreatbleedinginpeoplewhohavethe

blooddiseasecalledhaemophilia

abdomen stomachareaaroundthestomach

abdominalobesity havingalotoffataroundthewaist

AbilityONLINE afreeprogramontheInternetthatletschildrenandadultswithdisabilities

writeletterstootherpeoplewithsimilar

interests

abscess swollenareafilledwithathickyellowor

greenliquidcalledpus

absenceseizures[alsopetitmalseizures] seizuresthatcauseonlyabrieflossofawareness[?]

absorb[also,digest] breakdownbreakdowneasilyinthestomach


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emptyfromthestomach

accompany gowithaccredited officiallyrecognized

ACEinhibitor amedicinethatopensupyourblood

vesselstohelpyourheartpumpblood

moreeasily[?]acetaminophen acetaminophen,suchasTempraorTylenol

[NB:Alwaysusethegenericnamefirst,

followedbythebrandnameifthebrand

namewillhelpthereaderidentifythe

medicine.]

Achillestendon theheelcord,whichisthethickestand

strongesttendoninyour[childs]body.

Itconnectsthecalfmuscleinyour

[childs]lowerlegtotheboneoftheheel.

acidosis

toomuch

acid

in

the

blood

and

body

causedwhenthekidneysdonotwork

properly

acids[stomach] harshjuices

acne redpimples

acne pimples

alphaglucosidaseinhibitors drugs,suchasacarbose,thatbreakdownstarchandsugarsinfoodssothatthe

bodycanusethem

actionplan[asthma] awrittenplanthatyouandyourchild


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makewithyourchildsdoctor.Ittells

youandyourchildwhattodotocontrol

theasthma.Thisplanalsoexplainswhat

todowhenyourchildsasthmamakes

yourchildstarttofeelsick.

activity,depressedpituitaryor

hypothalamic

problemscausedwhenthepartofthe

brainthatcontrolsthebodys

temperatureandgrowthdoesnotwork

well[?]

acupuncturist

a

person

who

puts

needles

into

specific

partsofthebodytotreatproblems

acutecarehospital Anacutecarehospitaltreatspatientswho

haveproblemsandillnessesthatarevery

seriousordifficulttotreat.Usually

speciallytraineddoctorstreatthese

patients.

adenoids lumpsoftissueatthebackofthenosearelikeatonsil,butareoutofsightup

behindthenose

adrenalactivity,decreased problemscausedwhenthesmallorgans

calledglandsmakefewerhormones,the

chemicalsinthebloodthathelpmake

otherorgansworkproperly[?]

adrenocorticalsuppression [Seesuggestionsforpreviousentry.]

advocate askforsupport


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aerobicexercise rhythmic,repeated,andcontinuous

movementsofthesamelargemuscles

thatlastforatleast10minutesatatime

aerosol sprayaggravate makeworseaggressive pushy

actingangrytowardsothers

agitation feelinganxiousandrestless

agranulocytosis nowhitebloodcells,thepartoftheblood

thatfightsinfection

airway airwaybreathingtube

airtube

albumin abloodproductthatmakestheamountofliquidinbloodvesselslarger

albumin,decreased lowamountsoftheproteinintheblood

thatmaycausethebodytoswell.

(Proteinisthematterthatmakesupmost

livingthings.)

alcohol specialalcoholcalledisopropanol70%allergen somethingthatdoesnotbelonginthe

body,aforeignsubstance[?]

somethingthatcausesallergicreactions[?]


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allogeneicbonemarrowtransplant abonemarrowtransplantfromeitherabrotherorsisteroranotherpersonwhose

bonemarrowmatchesyourbone

marrow

allograft thetransplantofanorganfromonepersontoanother

alopecia lossofhair

alternative(s) choice(s)amenorrhea/amenorrhoea nomonthlyperiodofbleeding(ingirls

andwomen)

amnesia lossofmemoryamnesia lossofmemory

amyloidosis toomuchproteininthebody.(Proteinis

thematterthatmakesupmostliving

things.)

aplasticanaemia anillnessthatcausesyoutomaketoofew

redbloodcellsbecauseofproblemswith

yourbonemarrow

anaemia notenoughredbloodcellsinthebloodanaesthetic[seealsolocalanaesthetic] specialsleepmedicine

medicinethatkeepsyou[yourchild]still

andmakessureyou[heorshe]feel[s]nopainduringanoperation

anaesthetist aspecialdoctorwhogivessleepmedicineanaphylaxis anallergicreactionthatcouldcauseyouto


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die

anemia,hemolytic/anaemia, haemolytic thebreakdownofredbloodcells,thepart

ofthebloodthatcarriesoxygentothe

restofthebody

anemia/anaemia notenoughredbloodcellsintheblood.(Redbloodcellsarethepartoftheblood

thatcarriesoxygentotherestofthe

body.)

aneurysm,arterial aweaknessinthewallofthebloodvessel

calledan

artery

that

causes

the

wall

to

swelloutlikeaballoon

angina paininthechest

angiogram atestthatletsthedoctorslookattheblood

vessels.Specialpicturescalledxraysare

usedtolookatthebloodvessels.Dyeis

putintothebloodvesselstohelpthe

doctorsseethem.

angiotensinreceptorblocker amedicinethatopensupyourblood


moreeasily[?]anorexia lossofappetite

anoxia alackofoxygenthatcandamagethebrainantacid stomachmedicineanteriorchamber[oftheeye] thespacebetweenthecorneaandtheiris

oftheeye

antibioticointment specialcreamthatkillsgerms


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antibiotics medicinesthatkillgermsmedicinesthatfightinfections

Antibioticsareusedtotreatorprevent

certaintypesofinfectionscausedby

germscalledbacteria.[Pharmacy

templatestatement]

antibodies Antibodiesfightinfections.protectionagainstgermscalledviruses

aproteinmadebythebodytogetridof

foreignthings,suchasbacteriaand

viruses,whicharegerms

anticoagulant medicinethatstopsthebloodfromclottinganticonvulsants medicinestocontrolseizures,orfits

anti

emetic

suppository

medicine

[a

pill?]

put

into

the

opening

in

thebumtostopyourchildthrowingup

[?]

antihistamine medicinethatrelievesthesignsofallergiesanxious anxious[4thgradeword]aorta alargebloodvesselthatbringsbloodwith

lotsofoxygentotherestofthebody

fromthe

heart

apathy nointerestinanythingandnofeelings

aboutanything

aphasia notabletospeak


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appropriate rightproper

arachnoiditis swellinginthebrainandspinalcord

causingastifforpainfulneckandback,

headaches,upsetstomach,andthrowing

up

aromatherapy breathinginthesmellofoilsthatcome

fromplantsorrubbingtheseoilsonthe

skin

arrhythmia aheartbeatthatisnotregular

arterialcatheter[seealsocatheter] asmalltubeplacedinthebloodvesselscalledarteriestochecktheblood

pressure

arterialline,ARTline asmalltubeplacedinanarteryartery alargebloodvesselthatcarriesbloodwithoxygentoallpartsofthebody

bloodvesselthattakesbloodfromthe

hearttothebody

bloodvesselthatbringsbloodtothebody

arthralgia paininthejoints

arthritis swellingandpaininthejoints

ascites liquidcollectingintheareaaroundthe

stomach


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aspiration breathingfoodorliquidintothelungsgettingfoodorliquidintothelungs

foodorliquidbreathedintotheairway

insteadofswallowed

aspirin aspirin,alsocalledacetylsalicylicacidorASA

assertive pushyasthenia lossofstrengthandenergy

asthma aconditionthatcausesproblemsgettingairinandoutofthelungs

wheezingandproblemsbreathing

asthmaeducator thepersonwhoteachesyouaboutasthmaataxia unsteadywalk

atria the2upperpartsoftheheart,called

chambers,thatcollectbloodfromthe

bodyandlungs

atrophy,testicular reducedsizeoftheballs,ortesticles

[NOTE:ArecentstudybyanHSCauthor

foundthatballsisthepreferred,

understoodtermamongchildrenand

theircaregivers.]

attach fastenconnect


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audiologist apersontrainedtotestyour[childs]

hearing

autoimmunedisease adiseaseinwhichpartsofthebodyreactstoanddamagesitself

autoimmunehaemolyticanaemia aconditioncausedwhensomethinginthe

childs[apersons]ownbodykillsred

bloodcells[?]

autologousblood bloodthatistakenfromapatientsothat,ifneeded,itcanbegivenbacktohimor

her

during

or

after

an

operation

autopsyorpostmortemexamination adetailedlookat,orexaminationof,thebodyaftersomeonehasdied.An

autopsyisdonetofindoutthecauseof

deathorlearnmoreaboutadiseaseor

condition

adetailedlookat,orexaminationof,the

bodytofindoutthecauseofdeathor

learnmoreaboutthediseaseor

condition.

awareof knowaboutazoospermia nosperm,whichistheliquidfromaman

thatjoinswiththeeggfromawomanto

makeababy[?]azotemia/azotaemia toomuchproteinintheblood.(Proteinis


things.)

B


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B&Osuppository medicinethatrelaxesthebladderandreducespain

bacterium/bacteria agermthatmaycauseinfectionsalivingthing(s)thatmaycauseinfections

behaveappropriately behaveintherightwayindifferentsituations

betaadrenergicblocker amedicinethathelpstheleftsideofyour

heartpumpbloodmoreeasilytotherest

ofthebody[?]

bilirubin theorangeyellowpartofhaemoglobin

(Haemoglobinisthepartoftheblood

thatcarriesoxygentothebody.)

bilirubinemia/bilirubinaemia toomuchbilirubinintheblood,which

maycausejaundice.(Bilirubinistheorangeandyellowpartof

hemoglobin/haemoglobin, thepartofthe

bloodthat

carries

oxygen

to

the

body.

Jaundicecausestheskinandeyesto

becomeyellow.)

biofeedback amethodusedtoteachyouwaystofeel

andcontrolthewayyourbodyresponds

tosituations

biopsy[seealsoheartbiopsy,cardiacbiopsy] takingasmallpieceoftissuefortesting

bioptome atoolusedtotakeaverytinysampleofhearttissuethatistestedforsignsof

rejectionofyourchildsnewheart

blepharospasm winkingtoomuchwithoutcontrol[?]


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bodymechanics movingthebodywitheachpart

linedupsothatthemusclesand

jointscanmovefreelyandnaturally[?]

bolus aballofsoftfoodthatismixedwithwatertomakealiquid[?]

bonemarrow thesoftfattymaterialinthemiddleofbonesthatmakesbloodcells

bonemarrowtransplant [seeallogeneicbonemarrowtransplant]

boweldisease,inflammatory swelling,redness,andpainintheintestines

bowelmovement pooh,poop[NOTE:OxfordConciseEnglishDictionary

(HSCstandardforptedmaterials)

spelling]

bowelnecrosis deadtissuesthatmakeupthebowel,or

intestine

bradycardia aslowheartbeat

brain theorganinsidetheskullthatdirectsallactivityinthebody.Thebrainismadeup

ofthecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthe

brainstem.

brainstem thepartofthebrainthatconnectsthespinalcordtotherestofthebrain.Thebrainstemcontrolstheheartbeat,breathing,and

wakefulness,andmessagestoandfromthe

braintootherpartsofthebody.


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bronchi breathingtubestothelungs[?]bronchitis swelling,redness,andpaininthebreathing

tubesthatmaycausewheezingorcoughing

bronchoconstriction[alsobronchospasm] tighteningofthemusclesaroundtheairwaycramping,ortightening,ofthemuscles

aroundthebreathingtubes

bronchospasm tighteningofthemusclesaroundtheairway

cramping,ortightening,ofthemuscles

aroundthebreathingtubes

bymouth thatyou[yourchild]canswallowCcachexia lookingveryillandthinbecauseoflosing

weightandeatingpoorly

capillaryleaksyndrome liquidleakingintothelungsbecauseof

problemsbreathing

capsules longpillsthatholdtinypills[?]carbohydrate thestarchandsugarinfoods

starchesandsugarsfoundinfoodssuchas

bread,pasta,

and

sweets

cardiacarrest Cardiacarrestmeansthattheheartstopsbeating.


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cardiacbiopsy[forhearttransplants;seealso

heartbiopsy] atestdonetocheckforsignsthatthebodyisrejectingthenewheart.Tinysamplesoftissuearetakenfromtheheartandchecked

underamicroscopeforsignsofrejection


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cardiaccatheterization atestdonebyadoctorwhoputsanarrow

tubethroughanarteryintoyourheartto

takepicturesofhowyourheartisworking

oneoftheteststhatgivesyourchildsheart

doctor,orcardiologist,informationabout

howyourchildsheartisworking

[Shortversion]oneoftheteststhatgives

yourchildsheartdoctor,orcardiologist,

informationabouthowyourchildsheartis

working.Thecardiologistputsalongthin

tubeinto

your

childs

heart

through

avein

oranarteryinthetopoftheleg.Heorshe

putsacolouredliquid,calledadye,

throughthetubeintoyourchildsheart.

Thecardiologistthentakespictures,called

xrays,thatshowhowwellyourchilds

heartisworking.

[LongversionfromHSCbooklet]The

cardiologistcarefullyputsalongthintubecalledacatheterintoyourchildsheart

throughanarteryorvein,usuallyfromthe

groin.(Thegroinistheareabetweenthe

stomachandthetopoftheleg.)

ThecardiologistusesxraysonaTVscreen

towatchthecatheterasitenterstheheart.

Yourchildsheartwillkeepworking

normallyduringthistest.

Tolearnaboutthestructureofyourchilds

heart,thedoctorputsaliquidcalledadye

intothechambersoftheheartthroughthe

catheter.Heorshethentakesxray

picturesoftheflowofthedyethrough

yourchildsheart.Yourchildwillgetridof

thisdyeinhisorherurine,orpee,afew

hoursafterthetest.

Afterthetestisfinished,thecardiologist

takesthecathetersout.Heorshecoversthe


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catheter[seealsoarterialcatheter] asmalltubeplacedinsidethebodytogiveliquidsandmedicines

asmalltubeplacedinsidethebodytoaddor

removeliquids

caudaequinesyndrome dullachingpainoftheperineum(the

openingaroundthebladder),withlossof

feelingandcontrolofthebladderand

bowels.Thesesymptomsarecausedby

pressureonthenervescomingfromthe

spine.[?]cellulitis swelling,redness,andpainintheskin

centralnervoussystem[seealsonervous

system]thebrainandspinalcord,whicharepartof

thenervoussystem

centralvenousline,orCVL asoft,bendabletubethatisplacedinalargeveinintheupperchesttogiveliquidsand

medicines

asoft,bendabletubethatisplacedinalargeveinintheupperchesttoaddorremove

liquids

cerebellarataxiaordysfunction movingunsteadily

unsteadywalk

cerebellum thepartofthebrainthatisbelowandbehindthecerebrum.Thecerebellumcontrols

automaticbodymovementsandbalance.

cerebral(o)edema brainswelling


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cerebralpalsy problemswithmovementcausedbybrain

damage

cerebrospinalfluid,orCSF aclearliquidthatflowsthroughandaroundthebrainandspinalcordtocushionthem

thewateraroundthebrainandspinalcord

cerebrum themainpartofthebrain.Theothertwopartsarethebrainstemandcerebellum.

chaplain Apersontrainedto givespiritualandemotionalcareto

patientsandfamilies.

careforpatientsandtheirfamiliesinthe

hospital.

counselandsupportyouandyour

family,offerprayers,andgivethe

sacraments.

cheilitis swollen,sorelips

chemotherapy

treatmentwith

medicines

given

to

kill

cancer

cells

thetreatmentofadisease,suchascancer,

withmedicines

chesttube atubeputintothechesttogetridofairor

extraliquid

chestxray apictureofyourheartandlungs

chickenpox aninfectionthatcausesarashandblisters


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childlifetherapist/childlifespecialist Apersonwho

workswithchildrenandtheirfamiliesto

lowersomeofthestressandanxietythat

theymayhavebecauseofstayinginthe

hospital.

helpsachildgetbetterbyusingplay.

apersonwhoisspeciallytrained

toworkwithchildrenandtheirfamilies

tolowersomeofthestressandanxiety

thattheymayhavebecauseofstayingin

thehospital.

to

provide

chances

for

children

to

talk

abouttheirfeelingsduringplay.

tohelpchildrenunderstandthehospital

andmedicaltreatments.

childproofcontainers bottlesthatyourchildcannotopenchimerismstudy aspecialtesttoseeifabonemarrow

transplantisworking.[?]

chiropractor apersonspeciallytrainedtoworkwithhisorherhandsandequipmenttotreatproblems

withmusclesandbones,usuallythespine

cholecystitis swelling,redness,andpaininthe

gallbladder,whichholdsbile,theliquid

thatthelivermakestohelpthebodyuse

fat

cholesterol atypeoffatthatcanblockbloodvessels

awaxy,fattysubstanceintheblood

cholesterol,increased higheramountsofatypeoffatintheblood


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circulation[blood] bloodflowcirrhosis lastingdamagetotheliver

claustrophobia fearofbeingclosedinsmallspaces

clearliquids/clearliquiddiet foodsthatyoucanseethroughandthatareliquidatroomtemperature

clinicalnursespecialist anursewho istrainedspeciallyinthecareofchildren

helpsmakeaplanofcareforachildand

overseesthedetailsofhisorhercare

helpsoverseesomeofthehealthcare

workerswhocareforchildren

helpsachildandhisorherfamilydeal

withthestayinthehospitalbygiving

supportandteachingthemaboutthe

childsproblem

clottingfactorconcentrates[seealso

factorVII] bloodproductsusedtotreatproblemswithbleedingCNSischemic/ischaemicattacks lackofoxygentothebrain

cognitive aboutactivitiesofthemindsuchasthinking,

reasoning,remembering,imagining,or

learningwords[?]

cognitivedevelopment thegrowthofthemindsabilitytodomore

difficultthinking,imagining,andlearning

activities[?]

coldsores soresthatareoftenfoundonthelipsandaroundthemouth(Coldsoresarecaused

bythevirus,orgerm,herpessimplex.)


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colic severepainsinthestomachcollapse fall

cavedin

whenthebodyshutsalmostcompletely

down[?]

collapsedlung partofthelungthathasfallenin[?]coma notbeingawake,orbeingunconscious,for

morethanashorttime(Whenapersonis

inacoma,heorsheseemstobeinadeep

sleep.Thepersoncannotbewakenedor

doesnotrespond.)

competitivecontactsports sportssuchashockey,football,andsoccerin

whichateamworkstogetherforacommon

goal

complications verysevereproblemsconcentrate paycarefulattentionto

thinkcarefully

confident beingsureofyourselfconfidential private


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congestiveheartfailure,

orheartfailureaheartproblemthatcausesshortnessof

breathandthebodytoswell,orholdwater

adiseasethathappenswhenyourheart

cannotpumpbloodtotherestofyour

bodyproperly.Heartfailureisnotthe

sameasaheartattack.Heartfailuredoes

notmeanthatyourheartstopsbeating.

conjunctiva liningoftheeyelidsandthewhitepartoftheeye

conjunctivitis asoreorredeye

consciousness awareness[?]constipation troublehavingabowelmovement

pooh,orbowelmovements,thataredifficult

andhappenlessoftenthanusual

constipation poo/pooh,orbowelmovements,thatare

difficult

and

less

often

than

usual

[NOTE:AnHSCstudyfoundthatpoo/pooh

wasthewordbestunderstoodbychildren.]

contagious spreading

catching

contagiousdisease adiseasethatspreadseasilyfromonepersontoanother


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contain havehave...init

continuousinfusion[feeding,medicine] aliquid[food,medicine]thatisgivenallthetimeforalongperiodoftime[?]

contraceptive birthcontrolcontrastmedium acolouredliquidthatletsthedoctortake

picturesoftheinsideofthebody

convulsion afit,orseizurejerkymovementsofthebodyduringafit,or

seizurecoordinate organize,order,plan

coordination balance

organization

workingtogether[?]

abilitytomovemusclestogethertodo

something[?]

cornea theclearpartofthefrontoftheeyetheclearpartthatcoversthefrontoftheeye.

Itletslightintotheeyesothatwhatyou

seeisclear.

coronaryarteries bloodvesselsthatbringbloodandoxygentotheheartmuscle


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cortexorcerebralcortex thetoplayerofthecerebrumwherethethinking,orconscious,tasksofthebrain

takeplace

corticosteroids[forasthma] medicinesthatgetridoftheswellingintheairways

Thesemedicinesarenotthesametypeof

steroidsthatathletesusetomakethem

betterattheirsports.Thesemedicinesdo

notcausethesametypesofsideeffectsas

thesteroidsthatathletesuse.

[NOTE:Inclusionofthesecondparagraph

wasrecommendedbythepharmaciststo

clearupconfusionwiththevernacularuse

ofsteroids.]

CPR[cardiopulmonaryresuscitation] CPRisawayofstartingyourchildbreathing

andstartinghisorherheartbeatingifthe

lungsandhearthavestoppedworking[?]

creatinephosphokinaseblood

myoglobin

levels resultsofabloodtestfordamagetotheheartorothermuscles.(Ahighnumbermaymeanthattheheartorothermusclesare

damaged.)

chronic[disease] longlasting

anillnessthatlastsalongtime

continuoussubcutaneousinsulininfusion insulingivenallthetime[continuously]

undertheskinwithapump[?]

counsel[CWWB:Grade5] advise,guide


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crumblyfoods foodsthatbreakintosmallpiecesCTscan aspecialkindofpicture,orxray

atypeofxraytakenwithamachinethat

usesacomputertomakedetailedpictures

oftheinsideofthebody

atypeofxraytakenwithamachinethat

usesacomputertomakedetailedpictures

oftheskull,brain,orneck[braininjury]

culture thewayyourpeopledothings

Cushingsdisease anillnessthatcausesyou[aperson]togain

weightandhaveweakmuscles

cyanosis blueskincausedbytoolittleoxygeninthe

blood

cystitis swellingandrednessinthebladderthat

causespainwhenyoupee[NOTE:AnHSC

studyfoundthatpeewasbestunderstoodbychildren.]

cystitishemorrhagic/cystitis, haemorrhagic bleedingandswellinginthebladderthat

causesyoutohavebloodinthepeeand

painwhenyoupee


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cytomegalovirus, orCMV avirusthatcausessomepeopletogetsick.Althoughhalfthegeneralpopulationhas

CMV,itdoesnotcausediseaseinhealthy

persons.ButCMVmaymakesome

childrensickorcausedeath.

aninfectioncausedbythegermcalleda

virus.Cytomegaloviruscanaffectthelungs

andotherorgans.Itisalsoamemberofthe

familyofherpesviruses.

D

daysurgery anoperationthatyoudonothavetostay

overnightinthehospitalfor

anoperationthattakesplaceonthesame

daythatyougohome

decongestant medicinethathelpsrelievestuffynosesdecreasedLVejectionfraction theresultofhavingaheartthatdoesnot

workproperly

decreasedresistancetoinfection lessabletofightinfection

morelikelytogetill[aninfection]

defect problem[?]somethingthatisnotperfect[?]

dehydrated drydehydration lossofwater


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dehydration lossofwaterfromthebody

dryness

denervation[hearttransplant] thelackofconnectionofthenervesfromthebraintothedonorheart

dentalhygienist apersonspeciallytrainedtocleanteethandgiveadviceaboutkeepingyourteethand

mouthclean

deoxygenated nooxygenwithoutoxygen

depression feelingsofhopelessnessandsadness

dermatitis swelling,redness,andpainoftheskin

dermoidcystordermoidtumour roundovallumpthatgrowsbetweenthe3rdand5thweekofpregnancy

desquamation

skin

peeling

determine findoutdevelop grow

gothroughthenormalstagesofgrowth

gothroughdifferentstages[tobecome...]

developmentaldelays problemsdoingthethingsheorsheshouldbeabletodoforhisorherage

notgoingthroughthenormalstagesof

growthforhisorherage


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diabetes adiseasethatoccurswhenyourbodycannot

properlystoreorprocesssugar

adiseasethathappenswhenyourbodydoes

notproperlystoreorusethesugarthat

yourbodyneedstoworkwell

adiseasethatcausesyoutohavehigh

amountsofsugarintheblood[andmakes

youpeeoftenandalot]

highamountsofsugarinthebloodcaused

byhaving

too

little

of

the

chemical

called

insulinintheblood.Diabetesmakesyou

peeoftenandalot.

diabeticnephropathy diseaseofthekidneycausedbydiabetes

diabeticretinopathy diseaseoftheeyecausedbydiabetes

diagnose identifyfindout

dialysis beingattachedtoamachinethatdoesthe

workofthekidneysforafewhours

diaphoresis sweatingalot

diarrhea waterybowelmovements

watery

pooh,

or

bowel

movements


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dietitian apersonwhoknowseverythingaboutfoodandistrainedtogiveadviceaboutmaking

healthychoicesaboutwhattoeat

apersonwho

decideswhatkindoffoodyourchild

needs

advisesyouabouttherightliquidsand

foodsforyourchild

checkstheamountyourchildiseating

andhisorherweighttomakesureyour

childisgettingthebestfoodthatwill

helphim

or

her

heal

digest[orabsorb] breakdownanduse[food]emptyfromthestomach

digestivejuices harshjuicesofthestomachdigitalis amedicinethathelpstheheart

contractproperlyandbeatregularly

dilute weaken[byaddingliquid]waterdown

diphtheria aninfectionthatcausesproblemsbreathing

andswallowing

diplopia seeingdouble

blurredsight

disability lackofabilitytodoeverydayactivities

becauseofphysicalormentalillness


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discard throwaway...[specifywhere]discharge leavingthehospital

goinghomefromthehospital

dischargeplanner apersonwho makesaplanwiththehelpofyourfamily

andmembersofthehealthcareteamto

makesurethatyourchildsneedsaremet

whenyourchildleavesthehospital

givesinformationaboutandrefersyouto

servicesinyourcommunitythatyour

childneeds

givesinformationabouthowtogethelp

withmoneymatters

dischargesummary thewritteninformationandinstructionsthedoctorgivesyouwhenyourchildgoes

homefromthehospital

discuss talkaboutdisease,graftversushost adiseasethatcausesadonorstissueto

attackthetissuesofthepersonwhogets

thetissue.(Thedonoristhepersonwho

givesthetissue.)

disease,venoocclusive illnesscausedwhenpartoftheliverblocked

blockedbloodvessels,calledveins,inthe

liver

disimpaction cleaningoutallthepooh[wastematter]thathascollectedinthebowel


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disorder,thromboembolic illnesscausedwhenbloodvesselsare

blocked

disorientation confusion

disorientation[afterbraininjury] notknowingwhereyouareorwhatdayitis(Disorientationoftenhappenswhena

personcomesoutofacoma.)

disposable canbethrownaway

useonceandthrowaway

dissolvingsutures stitchesthatdisappearormeltawaybythemselves

distention,abdominal theareaaroundthestomachislargerthan

normal

distract taketheattentionawayfromattentiongoesfromthingtoanother

distress,respiratory severeproblemsbreathing


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disulfiramreaction problemwithdrinkingalcoholthatcauses

youtohavetheseproblems:

aredface afastheartbeat,orpulse apoundingheart panting abadtasteinthemouth smellingsomethingbad anupsetstomach throwingup lowbloodpressure,whichisthemeasurementofhowstronglyandhow

oftenthe

heart

pushes

blood

around

the

body

diuretics pillsthatreducetheamountofwaterinthebody

pillsthatgetridofextrawaterfromthebody

byincreasingtheamountofpee[urine,or

pee]

waterpills

amedicinethathelpsthebodygetridof

extrawater[?]

dividing[cells] makingnewcells

drainage liquidormatterdrainingdripchamber[gravitydripchamber?] likeabottleinthemiddleofthe[infusion]

tubing.Thischambercollectsliquidfrom

the[feeding]bagandslowsdownthe

liquidasitgoesthroughtheinfusion

tubinginto...[?]


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drowsiness sleepinessdrowsy sleepy

dysgeusia notabletotastenormally

dyspepsia upsetstomach

dysphagia problemsswallowing

dysphonia problemsspeaking

dysplasia(ordisease),bronchopulmonary damagedlungtissue

dyspnea problemsbreathing

breathless,orshortofbreath

dysuria painandproblemspeeing

Ee.g., forexample

suchas

[NOTE:dontuselike;itsmisconstruedas

meaningsimilarinsteadofexactlythesame]

ebriety feelingdrunk

ecchymosis bruising


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echocardiogram arecordingofthepositionandmovementofthewallsoftheheartorthepartsinsidethe

heart,suchasthevalves

atestthatusessoundwavestocheckhow

wellthepartsofyourheartmoveand

pumpblood

eczema Eczemacausesred,itchy,crustyareasontheskinthatleakliquids.

edema/oedema swellingaswellingofthebodytissuescausedbythe

bodyholdingsaltandwatereffusion,pleural liquidcollectinginthechest

EKG/ECHOchanges heartnotworkingproperlyelectivesurgery anoperationforaproblemorconditionthat

isnotlifethreatening

anoperationforaproblemorconditionthat

isnotanemergency

electrocardiogram,orECG arecordingoftheelectricalactivityoftheheart

electrode smallmetalcircleusedtosendelectrical

signals,ormessages.[Electrodesconnecta

pacemakertotheheartmuscle.]


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epiduralinfusion awayofgivingmedicinetocontrolpainthroughthelowerbackintothespace

aroundthespinalcord

epiduralspace thespacearoundthespinalcordaspacethatgoesaroundthespinalcord

fromthebottomoftheskulltothetipof

thetailbone

epilepsy aconditionthatcausesfits,orseizures.Epilepsyiscausedbyelectricalactivityin

thebrainthatisnotnormal.

episodicbingeeating eatinglargeamountsoffoodquicklyinashorttime

epistaxis nosebleed

epithelium likealayerofskin

erythema rednessoftheskinerythrodysthesia greaterchanceofsunburnesophagitis/oesphagitis swelling,redness,andpaininthetube

betweenthethroatandstomach

esophagus thetubebetweenthethroatandthestomacheuphoria agreatfeelingofbeingwellexercise

capacity measurementofhoweasilyyourchildtireswhenheorsheplaysorexercises

exercisetest atestduringwhichyourdoctorcheckshow

muchoxygenyouhaveinyourbloodwhen

youexercise[?]


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exhale breatheoutexpirydate outofdate

duedate

expressedbreastmilk milkthatyoutakefromthebreastbyhand

orwithabreastpump

extrasystole anextraheartbeat

extravasation bloodleakingoutsideofabloodvessel,such

asaveinorartery

FfactorVIII abloodproductusedtotreatproblemswith

bleeding

abloodproductusedtopreventbleedingor

treatbleedinginpeoplewhohavetheblooddiseasecalledhaemophiliaA

familycentredcare Thehospitalwantsyoutobeabletotake

partinyourchildscareinanywaythat

youcan.Thisispartofwhatwecallfamily

centredcare.

Fanconisrenalsyndrome adiseasecausedwhenthekidneysdonot

workwell.Itcausesthelossofsome

importantsaltsandminerals,suchas

sodium,potassium,andbicarbonate.And

thebonesdonotgrownormally.

fastinginsulinlevels amountofinsulininthebloodafterfasting


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(noteatingforalongperiodoftime)[?]

fats[saturated,polyunsaturated,and

monounsaturatedfat,transunsaturated

fattyacids]

saturatedfats:fatsthatareusuallysolidat

roomtemperature.Saturatedfatisfoundin

foodssuchasbeef,lamb,chicken,butter,

milk,andcheese.

polyunsaturatedfats:fatsthatareliquidat

roomtemperature.Safflower,sunflower,

cornandsoybeanoilsarepolyunsaturated.

(Polyunsaturatedoilsareliquidatall

temperatures.)

monounsaturatedfats:fatsthatareliquidat

roomtemperature,

such

as

canola

and

olive

oils.

Transunsaturatedfattyacidsarefoundin

foodsfromsomeanimalsandinoils.

(Foodsthathavethewordshydrogenated,

partiallyhydrogenated,andshorteningonthe

labelhavetransunsaturatedpattyacidsin

them.)

fatigue feelingtired

feedingsupplement[forbabies] aliquidorpowderthatyouaddtoyourbabysusualfeedingofbreastmilkor

formula

fellow adoctorwhoistakingmoretrainingina

specialtypeofmedicine,suchcancer

fetaldistress problemsthebabyhaswhileheorsheis

being

born

fetus anunbornbabyfever,drug fevercausedbythebodysreactiontoadrug


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fontanelle thesoftspotonthetopoftheheadsofchildrenlessthan18monthsold

foreskin theskinthatcoversthetopofthepenis[?]frequently oftenfrontallobe thefrontpartofthecerebrumthatcontrols

problemsolving,judgement,reasoning.

Thefrontallobealsoplaysapartininitiative(gettingthingsstarted)and

personality.

fullfluids/fullfluiddiet anyfoodthatisliquidatroomtemperature

Ggalliumscan apictureoftheinsideofthebodytakenafter

aliquidcalledgalliumisputintoavein

withaneedle.Thegalliumcollectsinthe

bodyandhelpsdoctorsfindareasof

infection

gammaglobulin abloodproductthatfightsinfectionsgargle move[swish]liquidaroundinthebackof

thethroat

gastritis swelling,redness,andpaininthestomach

gastrointestinal tube,orGtube atubeputintothestomachtogiveapersonfood

afeedingtubethatgoesdirectlyintothe

stomach


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geneticstudies Geneticstudiestestgenestotrytofindthe

causesofandtreatmentsfordiseasesthat

areinthegenesthatparentsgivetotheir

children.(Genesaretherecipethattells

yourcellswhattodotomaketissueand

organs.)

genitals privateparts[NOTE:dependsonthecultureofthe

audience]

gestational

diabetes

having

high

amounts

of

sugar

in

the

blood

onlywhileyouarepregnant[?]

gingivalhyperplasia swollengums

gingivitis swelling,redness,andpaininthegums

glaucoma anincreaseinthepressureoftheliquidintheeye

increasedpressureoftheliquidintheeyethataffectsthewayyousee

glaucoma increasedpressureoftheliquidintheeye

thataffectsthewayyousee

glossary DefinitionsofWordsDefinitionsofUnfamiliarWordsUsedin...

DefinitionsofWordsYouWillHearWhile

YourChildIsatSickKids

glucagon liquidsugar[?]


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glucose sugaratypeofsugarthatyourbodyneedstowork

properly

glucoseorsucrosetabletsorsolution sugarpillsorliquid

glucosewater sugarwaterglycemiccontrol controllingtheamountofsugarintheblood

glycemicindex alistofcommonfoodswithanumberfrom0

to100thatshowshowquicklythefood

breaksdownintosugar(foodswithlower

numbersbreakdownintosugarsmore

slowly)[?]

goodcholesterol,orHDL atypeoffatcalledcholesterolthatmay

protectyoufromaheartattackbytaking

extracholesterolfromyourarteries[?]gradually slowlygraftversushostdisease adiseasethatcausesdonorstissuetoattack

thetissuesofthepersonwhogetsthetissue

(thedonoristhepersonwhogivesthe

tissue)

granulationtissue extratissuegrowingontheskin[?]


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groin thecreasebetweenthestomachareaandthetopoftheleg

theareaatthetopoftheleg

theareabetweenthestomachandthetopof

theleg

grossmotorfunction measurementofhowwellapersondoesabasicgroupofactivitiesthatneedgood

musclestrengthandflexible,orbendable,

joints.Examplesoftheseactivitiesare

moving

in

bed,

moving

from

the

bed

to

a

chair,kneeling,sitting,standing,and

walking.

gynecomastia toomuchgrowthofthebreastsinboysor

men

Hhaematoma amassofbloodhaemoglobin thepartofthebloodthatcarriesoxygen

hairfollicles thepartthatgrowshairhallucination seeingthingsthatarenotreallythere

seeing,hearing,orfeelingthingsthatarenot

there

hallucination seeingorhearingthingsthatarenotthere


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healthcareprofessional healthcareworkerheartdisease anyproblemthataffectsyourhearts

abilitytoworknormally.Themostcommoncauseofheartdiseaseis

narrowingorblockingthebloodvessels

calledarteriesthatbringbloodtothebody

[?]

heartbiopsy[forhearttransplants;seealso

cardiacbiopsy]atestdonetocheckforsignsthatthebodyis

rejectingthenewheart.Tinysamplesof

tissuearetakenfromtheheartandchecked

under

a

microscope

for

signs

of

rejection

heartblock heartnotworkingnormally

heartburn aburningfeelinginthechest

heartfailure,

orcongestiveheartfailure

adiseasethathappenswhenyourheart

cannotpumpbloodtotherestofyourbody

properly.Butheartfailureisnotthesameas

aheartattack.Andyourheartdoesnotstop

beating.[?]

hearttransplant anoperationtoreplaceyourheartwitha

heartfromanotherperson[?]

hematemesis/haematemesis throwingupblood

hematuria/haematuria bloodinthepee

hemiplegia thelackofabilitytomove1sideofthebodywhenyouwantto

hemoptysis/haemoptysis bloodinthespit


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hemorrhage/haemorrhage severebleeding

hepatitis aninfectionoftheliverswelling,redness,andpainintheliver

hepatomegaly havingaliverthatislargerthannormal

hepatotoxicity damagetotheliver

herbalremedies anyherbthatisusedasatreatment,for

examplecapsaicincream,boswellia,

echinacea

hereditary[inheriteddisease,condition] aconditionordiseasethatisinthegenesthatparentsgivetheirchildren.(Genesarethe

recipethattellsyourcellswhattodoto

maketissueandorgans.)

highergrossmotorfunction measurementofhowwellapersondoesagroupofactivitiesthatneedbalanceand

coordination.Examplesoftheseactivities

arehopping,jumping,andwalkinginastraightline.

hirsutism morehaironthebodythanusual

HIV aninfectionthatcausesAIDShives raisedred,itchyareasontheskinhomeopath apersonwhotreatspatientswithmedicines

madefromnaturalthings


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hormone,inappropriateantidiuretic problemwiththechemicalscalledhormones

thataffecttheamountofsaltintheblood

andpee

hormones tellyourcellsortissuestodosomething[?]chemicalsmadeinsmallorgans,called

glands,thatgothroughthebloodto

anotherorgantohelpmakeitwork

properly

hotflash asuddenfeelingofbeinghot

however butHTLVIorhumanTcelllymphotropicvirus

type1

agermcalledavirusthatcausessometypes

ofcancerhumidify makemoist,orwethydralazine amedicinethatopensupyourblood


moreeasily

[?]

hydrocephalus toomuchliquidcollectinginthehead

hydrogenperoxide aspecialfizzywater

hyperammonemia/

hyperammonaemia

toomuchofthesaltortheliquidcalled

ammoniaintheblood

hypercalcemia/hypercalcaemia toomuchofthesaltcalledcalciuminthe

blood

hypercapnia toomuchofthegascalledcarbondioxidein

theblood


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hyperuricemia/hyperuricaemia toomuchofthechemicalcalleduricacidin

theblood

hypnosis asleepthatletsyourespondtosomeone

elsessuggestions

hypoalbuminemia/

hypoalbuminaemia

toolittleofthemattercalledproteininthe

blood.(Proteinisthematterthatmakesup

mostlivingthings.)

hypocalcemia/hypocalcaemia toolittleofthesaltcalledcalciuminthe

blood

hypoesthesia lessfeelinginapartofthebodywhenitis

touched

hypogammaglobulinemia/

hypogammaglobulinaemia

toolittleoftheproteininthebloodthat

fightsinfection.(Proteinisthematterthat

makesupmostlivingthings.)

hypoglycemia/hypoglycaemia toolittlesugarintheblood

hypokalemia/hypokalaemia toolittleofthesaltcalledpotassiuminthe

blood

hypomagnesemia/hypomagnesaemia toolittleofthesaltcalledmagnesiuminthe

blood

hyponatremia/hyponatraemia toolittleofthesaltcalledsodiuminthe

blood

hypophosphatemic

rickets/hypophosphataemic ricketsproblems

with

the

growth

of

the

bones

becauseoftoolittleofthemineralcalled

phosphorousintheblood


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infection redness,swelling,andpainattackofalivingthing,orgerm,suchasa

bacteria,virus,orfungi,thatcausesan

illness

infection,herpes aninfectioncausedbyagermcalledavirus

infectious[disease] catchingorspreading

anillnessthatspreadseasilytoothers

infertility

problems

having

children

problemshavingchildrenwhenyourchildis

oldenough

inflammation swelling,redness,andoftenpaincausedbyaninjuryorinfection

infusion awayofgivingliquids,oftenmedicines,intoavein

inhale breatheininherit[diseaseorcondition] bebornwithinhibitsMAO preventsthechemical,orenzyme,called

monoamineoxidasefromworking.This

enzymehelpsthenervesworkproperly,so

youshouldnottake[thisdrug?medicine?]withalcoholandfoodssuchasbananas,

cheese,yogurt,andchocolate

[seedisulfiramreaction]


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innominateosteotomy anoperationthatfixesthehipbonesothatitfitsinthehipsocketproperly

inotropicsupport medicinetomaketheheartmusclecontractmore[?]

insist hastohaveinsomnia notabletosleepinspirex adevicewithasmallballthatchildrenuse

afteranoperationtogetmoreairinsidethe

lungs

insulin ahormone,orchemical,madebythe

pancreasthatbreaksdownsugarssothatthe

bodycanusethem

intellectualimpairment problemsthinkingclearly

interstitialpulmonaryinfiltrate aconditionthatcausesmaterialtocollectinthelungscalledinterstitialpulmonary

infiltrate

[?]


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intravenous[line],orIV[line] asmalltubeputinaveininanarmoralegasmalltubeputinaveininanarmoraleg

togiveliquidsormedicine

aneedlefastenedtoatubethatisputintoa

veininanarmorlegtogivemedicinesor

liquids

asmallplastictubethatgoesintothevein

undertheskinofyourhand.Thesmall

tubeisconnectedtoalongtube.TheIVis

theway

your

body

gets

adrink

when

you

cantdrinkenoughyourself.Sometimesthe

doctorsandnursesuseittogiveyourbody

medicine.[explanationforachild]

invasivetesting Invasivetestingmeansthatthedoctorhasto

putsomethingintoyourbodytodothe

test.Thesetypesoftestsareusuallymore

accurate.Buttheymaybelesscomfortable

thanteststhatarenotinvasive

iridologist apersonwholooksintotheeyestofind

healthproblems

iris[eye] thecolouredpartoftheeyeirondeficiencyanaemia aconditionthathappenswhenthebodygets

toolittleironandcannotmakeenoughred

bloodcellstokeepthebodyhealthy

ironfortified[formula,cereal] [formula,cereal]withironirradiate treatwithrays


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irradiation atreatmentthatkillswhitebloodcellsirritable grumpyirritate botherirritation,mucosal swellingandrednessinthemoistliningof

themouthorotherliningsinsidethebody

ischemia,arterial/ischaemia,arterial blockedbloodvesselcalledanarterybecause

ofalossofoxygentotissues

ischemia,myocardial/ischaemia, myocardial lossofoxygentosomeoftheheartmuscle

isolation stayinginaroomthatisawayfromother

patients.Yourchildmaystayinisolation

becauseofanillnessthatothersmayget

easily,calledaninfectiousorcatching

illness.Oryourchildmaystayinisolation

topreventhimorhergettinganinfectious

disease.

isolationroom

has

1bed

and

is

away

from

other

patients.

If

yourchildhasanillnessthatothersmay

geteasily,calledaninfectiousorcatching

illness,yourchildmayhavetostayinan

isolationroom.Wecallthisbeingin

isolation.

isopropanol70% aspecialalcoholcalledisopropanol70%isosorbidedinitrate amedicinethatopensupyourbloodvessels

tohelpyourheartpumpbloodmoreeasily[?]


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jaundice anillnesscausingtheskinandeyestobe

yellow

jaundice,cholestatic anillnesscausingtheskinandeyestobe

yellowbecauseofproblemswiththeflow

ofbile,theliquidmadebytheliver

Kkidneytransplant anoperationthatremovesyourkidneyand

replacesitwithakidneyfromanotherperson

Llacrimation makingtears

lasersurgery anoperationdonewithaverystrong,

accuratebeamoflight

latchon[breastfeeding] fasten[ontothebreast]

latexornaturalrubberlatex rubber

laxative medicinethathelpsthebodygetridofpooh

[wastematter]

medicinethatyourchildcanswallowthat

emptiesthebowels

leftventricleoftheheart thelowerleftpartoftheheartthatfillswith

bloodandpumpsittotherestofthebody[?]

lethargy feelingtired


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leukaemia/leukemia canceroftheblood

leukocytosis/leucocytosis morewhitebloodcellsintheblood.(White

bloodcellsarethecellsinthebloodthat

fightinfection.)

leukoencephalopathy/

leucoencephalopathy

damagetothebrain

leukopenia/leucopenia lownumbersofwhitebloodcells,whichare

thecellsinthebloodthatfightinfection

leukorrhea/leucorrhoea

thickwhite

liquid

coming

from

the

vagina

libido,decreased lackofinterestinsex

lifesupport beingonabreathingmachinetokeepyour

child[you]alive

lipids fatandfatproductsinyourblood[?]

lobe[ofthebrain] afairlywelldefinedpartofanorgansuchas

thebrain.(Thebrainhas4lobes.Eachlobe

hascertainjobs,orfunctions.)

localanaesthetic amedicinethatfreezestheskinandthe

tissuesunderitsoyoufeelnopain

longtermmemory memoryofeventsthathappenedbeforean

injury

Lyellssyndrome

[or

toxic

epidermal

necrolysis]loss

of

skin

that

leaves

patches

that

look

like

aburn[?]


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lymphaticsystem tissuesandorgansthatmakeandstorecells

thatfightinfectionanddisease

lymphnode asmalllumpoftissue,calledanorganora

gland,shapedlikeabeanthathelpsfight

infection,orgerms,inthebody[?]

lymphadenopathy havinglymphnodesthatarelargerthan

normal.(Lymphnodesaresmalllumpsof

tissuethathelpfightgermsinthebody.)[?]

lymphocytes whitebloodcells

cellsinthebodythatfightoffinfection[?]

lymphopenia lownumbersofatypeofbloodcellcalleda

lymphocyte

lymphoproliferativedisorders,blood diseasesofthelymphaticsystem,which

fightsinfections

Mmalaise notfeelingwell

generalfeelingofpainandtiredness

manualhealer apersonwhousesthehandstorubthebody

manualmanipulation exercisesdonebyaspecialistsuchasa

physiotherapistthatmoveyourjointsthroughtheirwholerangeofmotion[?]


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meatalternatives foodsthattaketheplaceofmeatsuchasbeansortofu[?]

medicalertbracelet specialbraceletthatsayswhatyourchildsconditionisandwhatmedicinesheorshe

maybeallergicto

aspecialbraceletthatsayswhatyourchilds

conditionis.Thisbracelethelpsadoctor

knowwhatspecialtreatmentyourchild

mayneedwhenthereisnoonetospeakfor

himorher.

medication medicine[NOTE:drugcanhavenegativeconnotations,

soitisbestavoided]

meditation repeatingasound,word,phrase,orphysical

activitytohelpyourelax

megaloblastosis problemswiththeredbloodcells,whichare

thepart

of

the

blood

that

carries

oxygen

to

therestofthebody

melanoderma increasedcolourintheskin

melena dark,bloodypoo/pooh,orbowelmovement

memory[Seealsolongtermmemoryandshort

termmemory.]theprocessofunderstanding,organizing,

storing,andgettingbackinformationata

latertime,asneeded.Memoryisacomplex

taskthatinvolvesmanypartsofthebrain

workingtogether.


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mobility themovementofthebodyfromonepositiontoanother.Examplesofmobilityarerolling

inbedandgettinguptositinachair.

mobilization exercisesdonebyaspecialist,suchasa

physiotherapist,thatgetyourmusclesand

jointsmoving[?]moniliasis aninfectioncausedbyakindofgrowth

calledfungus[?]

monitor watchcheck

monitor(s) amachinethatcountsyourchildsheartbeatsandchecksyourchildsbreathing

machinesoftenusedinintensivecareunits

tokeepconstanttrackoftheheartbeat,

breathing,bloodpressure,andpressurein

thebrain

morbidity howoftenacondition/anillness/adiseaseis

foundinagroupofpeople

morphine astrongmedicinethatisgiventocontrolpain

motorareas[brain] areasoftheparietallobeofthebrainthatcontrolthewaythebodymoves

motorvehicle acar,truck,orvanmotorvehicleaccident carcrash


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MRI aspecialpicture,orxray,oftheinsideofthebody

apainlesstestthatusespowerfulmagnets

andradiowavestomakepicturesofthe

insideofthebody

picturesoftheinsideofthebodymadewith

powerfulmagnetsandradiowaves

mucosa,dry adrymouth

mucosal

ulceration

sores

in

the

mouth

mucositis soresinthemouth

mucousmembrane moistliningofthemouthorotherliningsinsidethebody

mucus aclear,thickliquidmadebythe[mucousmembranes]liningsofthemouthorother

partsofthebody

multidisciplinaryteam agroupofmanydifferentkindsofhealth

careworkerswhoworktogethertocarefor

yourchild[?]

myalgia paininthemuscles

myastheniagravis weaknessofthemuscles


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myelosuppression fewerredandwhitebloodcellsandplatelets

madeinthebonemarrow.(Redbloodcells

arethepartofthebloodthatcarriesoxygen

totherestofthebody.Whitebloodcells

arethecellsinthebloodthatfight

infection.Plateletsarethepartoftheblood

thathelpsstopbleeding.)

Mylarballoon[NOTE:Mylarisabrandname,

hencethecap.]

aballoonmadeofashinymaterialthatlooks

likefoil.Theballoonisfilledwithaspecial

typeofairthatmakesitfloat.(Thisairis

thegascalledhelium.)

myocardialnecrosis deadmuscleintheheart

myocardium themusclethatmakesupthemiddleandthickestlayeroftheheartwall

myopathy adiseasethatcausesthemusclesnottowork

normally

Nnasogastrictube asmallsofttubethatgoesinthroughthe

noseanddownintothestomach

naturopath apersonwhotreatsthewholebodytoteach

patientstohealthemselves

nausea feelsicktothestomachnecrolysis,toxicepidermal[orLyells

syndrome]

lossofskinthatleavespatchesthatlooklike

aburn[?]

necrosis deadtissues


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necrosis,acute deadtissuesinthekidney

necrosis,hepatic deadtissuesintheliver

nephritis,interstitial swelling,redness,andpaininthekidney

nephropathy diseaseofthekidneys

nephrotoxicity damagetokidney

nervoussystem[seealsocentral

nervoussystem]Thesystemmadeupofnerves,thebrain,

andthespinalcord.Thenervoussystemis

thesystem

of

organs

that

works

with

the

endocrinesystemtocontrolthebodys

responsetoconditionsinsideandoutside

thebody.

neuritis swellingandpaininanerve

neurologist adoctorwhocaresforpeoplewhohaveproblemswiththebrain

neurons

specialcells

that

are

found

in

brain

tissue.

Neuronsgetsignalsfromthebody,

understandwhattheymean,andsend

signalsbacktothebody.

neuropathy changesinthenervesorproblemswiththe

waynerveswork


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neuropsychologist apersonwho isspeciallytrainedtolookattheeffectsof

abraininjuryonyourchildsmemory,

attention,problemsolving,abilityto

makesenseofinformation,andabilityto

behaveintherightwayindifferent

situations

suggestshowyourchild,you,andyour

childsteacherscandealwiththeeffects

ofyourchildsbraininjury

measuresthereturnofnormalmemory,

reasoningability,andbehaviourovera

periodof

months

or

years

looksattheresultsoftestsofhowyour

childsbrainworksandhowwellthe

treatmentisworking

neurosurgeon adoctorwhooperatesonthebrainandspinalcord

adoctorwhooperatesontheheadandspineneurotoxicity

damage

to

the

nerves

neutropenia lownumbersofatypeofwhitebloodcells

calledneutrophils.(Whitebloodcellsare

thepartofthebloodthatfightsinfections.)

nocturia peeingalotatnight

nonengraftment[bonemarrow

transplantation]

notabletoreplaceownbonemarrowwith

newbonemarrow.

notapplicable doesnotapply


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nutrient foodvalue[?]thepartoffoodthatthebodyneedstogrow,

toworkproperly,andtostayalive[?]

nutrition foodnystagmus movingtheeyeswithoutcontrol

Oobese,obesity veryfat

overweight

obstipation severeconstipation,whichispoo/pooh,or

bowelmovements,thataredifficultand

happenlessoftenthanusual

obtundation lessaware,almostasleep

occasionally sometimesoccipitallobe theareaatthebackofthebrainthatgetsand

understandsinformationfromtheeyes

occlusion[dental] howtheupperandlowerteethmeet[?]


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occupationaltherapist apersonwhotestsyourchildtodecidewhatproblemsyourchildmayhaveandhow

theymayaffectyourchildsabilitytodo

everydaytasks

apersonwithspecialtrainingwhohelps

peoplemanageproblemswitheveryday

things,suchaseating,bathing,and

dressing

aspeciallytrainedpersonwhoarranges

exercisesandtreatmentsthathelpwith

everydayliving

occupationaltherapy physicalactivityorfeedingexercisesthathelpyourbaby[aperson]dobetterafter

beingsickoroperatedon

ointment[seealsoantibioticointment] aspecialcream

oligospermia lownumbersofsperm,whichistheliquid

fromamanthatjoinswiththeeggfroma

womantomakeababy

oliguria smallamountsofpee

once when

oogenesis growthofawomansegg

openheartsurgery anoperationontheheart.Duringthisoperationthesurgeonopensthechesttofix

the

heart.

[?]


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osteoporosis thinningofthebonesweakbonesthatbreakeasily

weakbonesthatarelikelytobreak

weakeningorthinningofthebones

becauseofdiseaseorthesideeffects,or

problems,oftakingsomemedicines

suchasprednisone

ototoxicity damagetotheearthatcausesproblems

withhearingandbalance

outpatient apatientwhocomestothehospitalfortreatmentduringtheday

outpatientoperation anoperationdonethedaythatyourchildcomestothehospital.Yourchildwill

likelygohomethedayoftheoperation.

outreachnurse anursewhotalkstothemainandother

hospitalsaboutapatientscare.This

nursemakessureeachhospitalknows

allaboutthepatientsconditionand

treatment.

overstimulated feelingtooexcitedbecausetoomuchis

happeningrightnow

overwhelmed afeelingthateverythingistoomuch

ozonelayer thelayerofgasesabovetheearththat

protectsusfromthesunsharmfulrays


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paediatricacademichealthsciencecentre Apaediatricacademichealthsciencecentrecaresforchildren,offersongoing

educationtodoctorsandotherhealth

careworkers,anddoesresearchstudies

onchildrenshealth.

paediatriccriticalcarestaff doctorsandnurseswithspecialtrainingincaringforchildrenduringthecritical

timeofanillnessorafteraninjury

paediatrician adoctorwhocaresforchildrenpaediatriconcologist adoctorwhoisspeciallytrainedinthe

treatmentof

children

with

cancer

adoctorwhospecializesintreating

childrenwithcancer

pain,musculoskeletal paininbonesandmuscles

palpitations heartnotbeatingregularly

pancreas asmallorgancalledaglandthatcontrols

theamountofsugarinthebloodand

helpstheintestinesbreakdownfood

asmallorgancalledaglandthatmakes

thechemicalinsulinthathelpscontrol

theamountofsugarintheblood

pancreatitis swelling,redness,andpaininthe

pancreas,whichcontrolstheamountof

sugarin

the

blood

and

helps

the

intestinesbreakdownfood


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pancytopenia lownumbersofalltypesofcellsinthe

blood

papilledema/papilloedema swellingofthebackoftheeyecausedby

highpressureinthebrain

paralysis lossoftheabilitytomovemusclesandlossoftheabilitytofeelinthewhole

bodyorpartofthebody

paranoia problemswiththinkingthatcausea

persontosuspectandnottrustothers

andtobehaveviolently

paraplegia lossofabilitytomovethelowerhalfof

thebody

paresis somelossofabilitytomoveamuscleorgroupofmuscles

somelossofabilitytomoveamuscleor

groupofmusclesorweaknessina

muscleor

group

of

muscles

paresthesia/paraesthesia feelingofburningortingling

parietallobe theuppermiddlelobesoneachsideofthebrain.Theparietallobesgetand

understandmessagesabouttouch,pain,

andtaste.Theparietallobealsohelps

touch,sight,andsoundworktogether.

paternity

finding

out

who

the

real

father,

or

birth

father,ofachildis

pathogen somethingthatcancauseadisease


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petitmalseizures[alsoabsenceseizures] seizuresthatcauseonlyabrieflossofawareness[?]

pharmacist pharmacist(druggist)[NOTE:Thepharmacistsfeelstrongly

abouttheirtitle,sotheyshouldbecalled

pharmaciststhroughoutafterthis

explanation.]

aspeciallytrainedpersonwhoknows

howmedicinesworkandwhat

problems,orsideeffects,these

medicinesmaycause.

pharmacy pharmacy,ordrugstore[NOTE:Usepharmacyafterfirstdefinition.

Seenoteaboutpharmacist.]

pharyngitis sorethroat

phlebitis swelling,redness,andpaininavein

phlebotomist apersontrainedtotakebloodfromeither

theveinorfromafinger

photophobia unusualfearoflight

photosensitivity problemswithsunlightandincreased

chanceofsunburn

physicalexamination acheckup


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pituitaryadrenalaxissuppression problemswiththepartofthebrainthat

controlstemperatureandgrowthnot

workingproperly

placeboorplacebomedicine nomedicineortreatmentthatisgiventhesamewayastheregularmedicineor

treatment

somethingthatlookslikethereal

medicine,buthasonlysugarorsaltor

colourinit.

plasma theclearliquidpartofthebloodplatelet apartofacellthatfloatsintheplasma

andhelpsstopbleeding.Plateletshelp

thebloodtoclump,orclot,bysticking

tobloodvesselsthathavebeencut.

cellsthataremixedwithapaleyellow

liquidcalledplasma[BloodBank]

thepart

of

the

blood

that

helps

stop

bleeding

pleocytosis higherthanusualnumberofcellsinthespinalfluid,whichistheclearliquid

thatgoesaroundthespinalcordto

cushionit

pneumonia aninfectioninthelungs[?]

pneumonitis

swelling,

redness,

and

pain

in

the

lungs

polio adiseasethatcausesalossoftheabilityto

movemusclesforeverorforshorttime


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polyurethane plasticpolyuria peeingalot

positivefor[nameofgermorwhatever] hasthe[germ,etc.]butisnotinfectedbyit[?]

postmortemexamination anexaminationofsomeonewhohasdiedposttraumaticamnesia,orPTA alossofmemorythathappensafteran

injurytothebrain

posturaleducation teachingtheimportanceofholdingtheparts

of

the

body

in

the

right

position

whensittingandstanding

prescribe orderprescription awrittenorderformedicine

adoctorsorder

preventermedicine[asthma] amedicinethathelpstopreventasthmaattacksorproblems.Itstopstheliningin

theairwaysfromswelling.Itisusuallytakeneverydayuntilthedoctorsaysit

isOKtostop.

proband subjectofastudy

proctitis swellingandredness,andsometimes

pain,inopeninginthebum,calledthe

rectum,thatmaycausepainorbleeding

duringapoo/pooh,orbowelmovement

prognosis likelyoutcomeofadiseaseorcondition


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progressiveCNSdeterioration problemswiththewaythenervous

systemworksthatgetworsewithtime.

(Thenervoussystemismadeupof

nerves,thebrain,andthespinalcord.)

pronunciation thewayyousaywordsprotein matterthatmakesupmostlivingthingsproteinuria toomuchproteininthepee.(Proteinis


things.)

pruritus itching

pseudotumorcerebri/pseudotumour

cerebri

toomuchliquidinthebraincausing

headaches,anupsetstomach,throwing

up,andproblemswiththe

eyes/problemsseeingpsychiatrist amedicaldoctorwhoisspeciallytrained

totreatproblemswithbehaviourand

feelingscaused

by

an

illness

or

treatment.

Apsychiatristcounselschildrenand

families,andcanorder,orprescribe,

medicinestohelpwiththesigns,or

symptoms,oftheseproblems.adoctorwhocanhelpapersonlivewitha

majorinjurysuchasabraininjuryand

withothermentalhealthproblems

psychologist

aperson

who

specially

trained

to

treat

problemswithbehaviourandemotions

causedbyanillnessortreatment


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