BCT 102 Printreading Drawing Types

PictorialOrthographic

Pictorial Drawings• 3-dimensional Pictorials• Isometric• Perspective• Oblique

Isometric 3-d Details

View from right front top corner @ 45º

Front

Perspective 3-d Renderings

Right corner picture eye level street view

Hip Roof Rendering

View from 45ºabove horizontal

Intersecting Gable Roof Rendering

Oblique 3-d: Cabinet Elevations

Orthographic Projections• Most common type of architectural drawing• Flat 2 dimension shows height and width• Elevations• Plan views• Sections / Details• Easier to draw and they provide good surface

for showing space relations, dimensions, materials and written information.

Shows no depthof the object

One needs to see two or three views to have a clear picture of the object

Shown as Orthographic

Projection

Next slide will showisometric view

Isometric Object

Much better visual image

Typical Plan Elevation DrawingOrthographic Front View

Doesn’t provide image depth

Horizontal Plan Cutting Planes• Floor plan views show walls cut at 5' to 6' up

from the floor.• Foundation plan views show concrete cut at

12" up from the bottom of the footing.• Roof framing plan view is from above the house

minus the roof sheathing.

Typical Floor PlanOrthographic cut at 5´to 6´from floor

Typical Foundation PlanOrthographic cut at 12˝ up from bottom of footing

Typical Detail Drawing

Section Cut Views• Entire floor/foundation plans may show cut

sections. (seldom)• Length of the house is a longitudinal section.• Width of the house is a transverse section.• More common sections will be a short cross

section of a specific area. Example: foundation wall and footing.

• This section view will show foundation dimensions, reinforcing steel etc.

• The section cut location will be indicated on the plan view.

Typical Section Drawing

Typical Plot Plan Drawing

General Page Lay-out

• Borderline• Title Block to right side• Page Body• Drawings to Scale• Written Notes

Typical plan page lay-out

Title Block Information• Owner / Contact Information• Architect / Designer / Contact Information• Building Type• Building Legal Address• Date Drawn • Date of Revisions• Sheet Title• Sheet Page Number

Building Department Approval• All Corrections by the Building Department

should be made to all sets of plans in circulation.

• Structure must conform to the approved plan corrections and building codes.

• If approved plan information exceeds code standards then house must be built to those standards.

• If the plans are approved with information less than code standards, the house must still be build to code standards.

Proper Legal Procedure• Contractor and owner should sign and date

plans, specifications and a contract that are complete and accurate. These are legal documents!

• Each party should keep a copy of the signed plans, specs and contract.

• Contract should establish a controlling order.• 1. Contract• 2. Specifications• 3. Plans

Plan Dimensions• Written dimensions always take precedence

over a scaled dimension.• Sometimes a needed dimension will not be

written. Then a scale must be used to find the dimension.